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2021届全国新高考英语冲刺复习
完形填空解题思路与四步征服技巧
完形填空题除考查词汇、语法等语言知识和运用能力之外，在一定程度上也考查高三学生阅读、理解英语短文并用来进行逻辑推理、综合判断、分析归纳的能力。因此，高三英语学习除了具备一定的阅读理解能力，还应掌握一定的答题方法和技巧。这样才能使自己在处理完形填空题上，取得满意的效果。
1、阅读技能与试题设计
《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》明确提出“高中阶段要着重提高学生用英语获取信息和处理信息，分析问题和解决问题的能力”，这就要求学生要不断地提高相应的阅读技能。新课标规定的阅读技能测试要点如下：
1. 理解主旨大意;
2. 寻读具体信息;
3. 理解细节;
4. 根据上下文提供语境推测生词词义，进而加深对文段的理解;
5. 简单的判断和推理;
6. 理解文段的基本逻辑结构;
7. 理解作者的意图和态度;
8. 理解文段的文化信息。
测试方式共有11种，而其中的完形填空也是历届高考必有的题型之一，所占分值比例较大，并且由于在试卷中所处的位置较前，因此如何能在短时间内更好的完成这类试题对考生的影响较大：完形填空做得好，则考生对后面的2
试题就越有信心。
2、完形填空应试技巧
应试技巧一：语境信息解题法： 近几年的完形填空题淡化了语法结构性的题，选项重在语意干扰，也就是说，对具体的语言知识应该融入具体的语境中去考虑，考生应具有通过上下文提示、暗示或铺垫，对篇章进行整体上的把握的能力。所以，快速浏览全文，迅速领悟篇章主旨，通过上下文语境选择答案选项乃解决完形填空的关键。
应试技巧二：语法结构法： 高考完形填空题基本都是在语境中考查考生对语法知识的掌握程度，单纯考查这类题很少。而在完形填空题中考察语法项目的主要是动词的各种时态、语态和语气、谓语和非谓语形式等。所以这类题需要考生有较为扎实的语法基础知识，能够从句式的结构上辨别出须填相关的关联词、连词、副词、形容词或相应的动词，当然还要考虑到主谓一致的关系等语法知识要点。不过，切记解答这类题，必须是任何空格的语法正确的前提下，再考虑其他方面因素。
完形填空不仅考查学生对词汇、语法等基础知识的综合运用能力，而且考查学生的逻辑推理和篇章结构理解能力。它的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。该题型难度大，区分度高，是历年高考得分率较低的题型。下面结合历年上海高考完形填空题对完形填空题的解题策略进行分析，希望对广大学子有所裨益。
一、利用文章首句信息解题
完形填空首先考查考生对文章的理解能力。因此在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇。完形填空首句甚至前几句话往往是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去了解文章的思路，而且它提供的信息可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。
【例】The term home schooling means educating children at home or in places other
than a normal setting such as a public or private school. There are many reasons why
parents choose home schooling for their children. Some parents ... Still other parents
choose this type of 48 for religious reasons.（2006年上海春考）
48.A.activity cation C.behavior D.belief
【解析】通过选文的首句我们就不难推断：选文讲的是与家庭教育（home schooling）有关的问题。home schooling 涵义是什么？人们为什么要选择home schooling？这正是后面文章要讲的。而随后命题者所给第一个空格正是围绕home schooling来设置的，考生只要把握好了文章首句就可以轻松地选择B（education）。
增分强化练(九) 阅读理解×2＋完形填空
(限时30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Local 10 Third EARTH Day Art Contest
Open only to Florida schools within the Monroe, MiamiDade and Broward County
viewing area.
Local 10 is inviting South Florida art teachers and students, from grades K－12, to participate in its third annual EARTH Day Art Contest.
In the last two years, the popular, environmentallycentered contest has
recognized two schools, Air Base K－8 in Homestead and Lawton Chiles Middle School
in Hialeah, for their winning entries and awarded a total of $9,000 to the schools'
art programs.
As part of a class project, art students are encouraged to create a work of art
with an environmental theme.The entry must be novel and unique.To enter the class
project into the contest, the art teacher representing their students and schools
must go to , click on the contest link to enter and submit a photo
- 1 - 完形填空精讲精炼02
4.
This is a story that can teach us a good lesson. One day, a man in rags begged
from door to door along the street. With an old wallet in his hand, he was asking
for a few coins to buy something to eat. He kept complaining about his bad fortune
and kept 1 why those who had so much money were never 2 and were always
desiring more.
“As far as I’m concerned, if I had only enough to 3 and to wear, I would
not want anything more."
Just at that moment Goddess Fortune, who came down the 4 saw the beggar and
said to him, “Hi, I have wished to
5 you for a long time. Now, open your 6
and I will pour my gold into it. But I will do that only on
this 7 : All that falls
into the wallet will be pure gold; but every piece falling upon
the 8 shall become
dust. Do you understand?”
