定语从句关系副词讲解及练习

定语从句中关系副词的用法

关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的 关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和 原因状语。其句法结构如下：

表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句

when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

例句： I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

I 'nllever forget the day when I joined the army.

表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句

where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

例句： The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

表原因的名词 reason + why + 定语从句 （why 只用于 reason 之后的限制性定语 从句中 ,在定语从句中作原因状语。 ）

例句：That is the reason why I did the job.（在现代英语中 why可以省略）

上句也可以这样表示：

That is the reason I did the job.

又如： This was the reason （why ）we raised the temperature.

关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：

1） “when” “where和“why的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原 因的名词 reason 在定语从句中所作的成分 ，比较下面的几组句子：

*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.

*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.

*This is the hospital where my mother works.

**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday. ***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.

***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .

2) “when、“ where和“why”可以替换成 介词+ which ”，介词的选用取就于 先行词和定语从句中的动词 。例如：

Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong(on which= when)

This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)

Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary'sbirthday par

ty. (for which=why)

有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系， 尤其在非限制性定语从

句中，常使用 介词+ which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：

My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.

At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmh ouse.

3) 关系副词“when、“where既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语 从句。

例如： I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.

He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.

I don'tknow the exact spot where they will meet.

Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.

有时关系副词“ when、 “ where引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，

是为了平衡句子的语法需要。

Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your hous e and

borrowed a diamond necklace

The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “ foreignoil. ”.

4) “that可活用为关系副词，相当于“when,where、why”和 介词+ which ”结构,

尤其在“thetime when"等结构中的“when常被“that代替，而且“that往往省略。

I may leave here any time I want to.

During the time I was there I visited him twice.

This is my second time I have come to your country. 5) “which有时可用作关系形容词，这是“which在非限制性定语从句中的特殊使 用，如：

The doctor advised him to give up smoking, which advice he did not follow.

定语从句专项练习

1．This is the place _____ John was born

A．which B．where C. when D．that

2. He is the only person _____ I want to talk to.

A. that B. which C. who D. whose

3．Is this problem ______ the teacher explained last week

A． the one B．that C．which D．one

4．The high building ______ stand four policemen is the police station．

A．which B．that C．in front of it D. in front of which

5．My mother will give Mary a model plane ________ she will like to play．

A．which B．that C．for which D．with which

6．The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of i

n that far away village.

A．until B．that C when

D．where

7．There are times _____ I wonder why I do this job．

A．as B．while C．which D．when

8．After living in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small to wn he

grew up as a child． A．which B．where C that D．when

9．They had a long talk about the persons and things ________ they both knew．

A．whom B．what C. that D．which

10． That is the very book _____ I am looking for.

A．that B．which C． what D．as

11．Who is the scientist ______ is going to give us a talk on space this Sunda

y A．that B．who C. which D． whom

12． I don't like the way _____ you speak to your teacher．

A．／ B． in that C. which D．of which

13． Could you tell me when to get the book ________ I want to read

A．what B．who C．／ D． it

14． The days ____ we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten.

A. when B．which C．who D．on which

15．A pen friend of mine _______ I often receive letters asked me for some C

hinese coins.

A．who B．whom C．to who D．from whom

16. Don't forget the day ______ you were admitted to Beijing University.

A．when B． that C． at which D. where

17． Perhaps this is the only shop ______ you can get such cheap goods.

A. that B． of which C．by which D．where

18．I can still remember the place_______ my brother and I used to sit in the

evening.

A．which B．what C .that D．where

19． ______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which B. When C. What D. As

20． All ___ is needed is a supply of oil.

A. the thing B. what C. that D. which