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此文档用来朋友们免费共享，促进学习，提高工作中的英语水平，无其他目的，特此声明！常见钣金设计术语中英文对照表表一工程图面中最常用的专用术语向上抽孔upwardextrude[ek'stru:d]压线score向下抽孔downwardextrude垫脚locator正面压螺母(钉)(柱)positivepressingnut(screw)(standoff) 色拉孔countersink反面压螺母(钉)(柱)negativepressingnut(screw)(standoff) 向上凸点upwardbump正面色拉孔positivecountersink向下凸点downwardbump数量amount加工性质character备注instruction表二钣金设计中常用的其它术语中文名称英文名称自铆self-clinching全周压毛边allroundburr平头拉钉set-headrivet表面处理finish定位销dowelpin['dau?l]木钉，榫钉，夹缝钉，暗榫，暗销挂钩hook平头铆钉closed-endrivet焊接线weldline塑料固定栓fastener,plasticpush-type压合胶粘剂pressuresensitiveadhesive[?d'hi:siv]尼龙绑带nylontiewrap['nail?n]五金件hardware泡棉静电导片foam,EMIgasket['ɡ?skit]下盖base打印字模stampletter去毛边deburring反面farside正面inside下料blank(blanking)去除remove拉孔broaching装配assembling铸造found流体动力学fluiddynamics流体力学fluidmechanics加工machining液压hydraulicpressure切线tangent?机电一体化mechanotronics,mechanical-electricalintegration 气压airpressurepneumaticpressure?稳定性stabilityjobsite施工现场flangeconnection.凸缘联接Hardhat：安全帽Goggles：护目镜stockpile贮存packinglist装箱单crate:柳条箱purchasedmateriallist原材料进货单back-feed反馈wirecoil线盘，线卷，NPTthread.美国标准锥管螺纹cablegland电缆衬垫terminalblock线弧,接头排接线盒,接线板,线夹powerdrill机械钻connector.接线器insulatedsleeve绝缘套管wireconnector接线器wireterminal电线接头cableglands:电缆衬垫exfoliation剥落[eks,f?uli'ei??n] powerreceptacle电力插座. groundingconductor接地导体lightingfixture照明器材junctionbox分线箱raceway电缆管道terminalbox接线盒distributionboard配电盘,配电屏receptacle插座【电工学】插座；插孔。

Commodity chemicals日用化学品specialty chemicals专用化学品fine chemicals精细化学品raw material原料sodium chloride氯化钠unit operation单元操作flow sheet工艺流程图chemical processes化学工艺size reduction粉碎RD研究开发nanotechnology纳米技术micro reaction微量反应end of pipe treatment末端处理macromolecule大分子bio engineering生物工程pharmaceuticals制药lab on a chip芯片实验室chlor alkali氯碱end product终端品sulfur Dioxide二氧化硫sodium carbonate碳酸钠soda ash 苏达灰diammonium hydrogen phosphate磷酸氢二铵dyestuff染料silicon tetrafluoride四氧化硅petroleum refining石油炼制coal gasification煤气化alkylation烷基化solvent extraction 溶剂萃取catalytic hydrocracking催化加氢裂解butylene丁烯BTX苯甲苯二甲苯modern refinery现代炼油厂Feedstock原料hydrocarbon碳氢paraffin石蜡fused benzene ring酬和苯环carboxylic acid ester羧酸脂catalyst deacitivation催化剂失活acetylene乙炔pyridine吡啶natural gas天然气Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)液化石油气straight rungasoline 直馏汽油coexisting zone 共存区dumped packing 乱堆填料ordered packing规整填料rectifhing section经六段stripping sectiong提馏段flash drunt闪蒸段equilibrium stage平衡级batch distillation间歇精馏acetic acid 醋酸dimethylformamide二甲基甲酰胺mixer settler混合沉降器sieveplate筛板water immiscible水不溶mechanical agitation机械搅拌molecular sieves分子筛ion exchange离子交换activeted carbon活性炭single effect evaporator单板蒸发器multiple effectevaporaion多效蒸发器force circulation强制循环condenser冷凝器reboiler再沸器conserve energy能量守恒Reflux pump回流泵reversible process可逆过程dynamic equilibrium 动力学平衡entropy熵In bulk 大剂量汉翻英氢氧化钠Sodium hydroxide 硫酸Sulfuric acid 有机合成Organic synthesis 表面活性剂surfactant离子交换Ion exchange热传递Heat transfer工艺流程图Process flow diagram副产物by-products盐酸Hydrochloric acid无机化学品Inorganic chemicals硝酸Nitric acid氢氧化钙Calcium hydroxide磷酸phosphate 硅胶Silica gel煤气厂gasworks水处理Water treatment石油化学品Petroleum chemical原油Crude oil精馏distillation沸点Boiling point催化重整Catalytic reforming异构化isomerization生物柴油biodiesel 燃油fuel环烷烃cycloparaffin 甲烷methane丙烷propane 乙烯ethylene树脂Resin五元环Five member ring苯benzene杂原子化合物Heteroatom compound相态Phase state气相gas phase液相liquid phase相对挥发度Relative volatility流速flow rate冷凝器condenser多组分混合物Multicomponent mixture回流比reflux ratio萃取器extractor结晶crystallization吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption溶质solute溶解性solubility沉淀precipitation1．We define industrial chemistry as the branch of chemistry which applies physical chemical procedures towards the transformation of natural raw materials and their derivatives to products that are of benefit to humanity. 我们定义的工业化学是化学的一个分支，应用物理化学程序对改造天然原材料及其衍生物产品，造福人类。

PDCA是英语单词Plan(计划)、Do(执行)、Check(检查)和Action(处理)的第一个字母，PDCA 循环就是按照这样的顺序进行质量管理，并且循环不止地进行下去的pdca科学程序。

P（plan）计划。

包括方针和目标的确定以及活动计划的制定。

D (do)执行。

具体运作，实现计划中的内容。

C（check）检查。

总结执行计划的结果，分清哪些对了，哪些错了，明确效果，找出问题。

A (action) 处理。

对检查的结果进行处理，对成功的经验加以肯定，并予以标准化；对于失败的教训也要总结，引起重现。

对于没有解决的问题，应提交给下一个PDCA循环中去解决。

二、管理活动分类1、管理活动--维持、改善2、维持是遵照标准从事工作并针对结果的异常状态，采取措施使其恢复正常（安定）状态，使实力能稳定地发挥出来，此为管理活动的基本，若是异常现象不断地发生，干部整天忙着处理，是不太可能有什么大改善的。

3、改善是打破现状、创造变化、提高实力、将目标放在水准高的地方，拟定达成计划并确实执行，当然要随时掌握实施结果，若有反效果或无法达成目标情形，则须再深入检讨，采取处置措施。

4、不管是维持活动或改善活动，皆须转动PDCA管理循环，而且能自主性地转动PDCA 从稳定中求发展，如此单位的Q.C.D.M.S的实力能不断地提高，个人的管理能力也能不断地进步。

分析说明PDCA循环PDCA循环是能使任何一项活动有效进行的一种合乎逻辑的工作程序，特别是在质量管理中得到了广泛的应用并获得了经济成效。

P、D、C、A四个英文字母所代表的意义如下：①P（Plan）——计划。

包括方针和目标的确定以及活动计划的制定；②D（DO）——执行。

执行就是具体运作，实现计划中的内容；③C（Check）——检查。

就是要总结执行计划的结果，分清哪些对了，哪些错了，明确效果，找出问题；④A（Action）——处理。

对检查的结果进行处理，认可或否定。

成功的经验要加以肯定，或者模式化或者标准化以适当推广；失败的教训要加以总结，以免重现；这一轮未解决的问题放到下一个PDCA循环。

公司管理中的英文缩写收藏6∙分类: 英语学习∙发布时间: 2011/9/19 12:52:16∙阅读(5084) | 评论(0)推荐1. MM --- Materials Management: 物料管理2. CMM --- Component Module Move: 零组件 (乡村包围城市); 系统组装 (火车头火车头工业驱动供应链); 整合供应链 (运筹物流, ERP, VMI, SFC … )3. ECMMS$ --- Engineering Component Module Move Service Dollars: 工程 (研究开发); 零组件 (乡村包围城市); 系统组装(火车头火车头工业驱动供应链); 整合供应链 (运筹物流, ERP, VMI, SFC … ) ; 服务, 代收钱4. Forecast --- 客户需求预测5. WO --- Work Order = PO --- Production Order: 生产工令6. MRP --- Material Requirement Planning: 物料需求计划7. VPO --- Vendor Purchase Order: 供货商采购订单8. MAWB --- Master Air Waybill: 空运主提单9. HAWB --- House Air Waybill: 小提单10. B / L --- Bill of Loading: 海运提单11. Consignee: 收货者12. ETD --- Estimated to Departure: 预计出发13. MIN / MAX --- Minimum and Maximum: 最小量与最大量14. VPO Burning: 向供货商采购货的平衡量15. VMI --- Vendor Management Inventory: 供货商免费存放, 在距离客户组装地2小时车程内, 3天到2周之库存16. VDPS --- Vendor Daily Planning Schedule: 供货商日生产排配17. ETA --- Estimated to Arrival: 预计到达时间18. Stock Level: 库存水准19. WO / PO Consumption --- Work Order / Production Order Consumption: 工令消耗20. BO Replenish --- Back Order Replenish: 订单欠交补货21. VMSA Burning --- Vendor Managed Stock Area Burning: 供货商管理库存平衡22. Pull Back: 由后往前拉23. Pipeline: 物流供应链中的库存24. ERP – SAP --- Enterprise Resource Planning / System Application Product in Process: 企业资源规划及生产应用管制操作系统25. SFC --- Shop Floor Control: 现场车间管制操作系统26. MOQ --- Minimum Order Quantity: 最小订购量27. MSQ --- Maximum Supply Quantity: 最大供应量28. Where Use Report: 零件共同使用报表28. Where Use Report: 零件共同使用报表29. EXW-EX Works: 工厂交货价30. RTV- Return to vendor: 退货31.RMA-Return Material Approval 退货验收32.ETA-Estimated Time of Arrival 预计到港时间33.ETD-Estimated Time of Departure 预计离港时间ERP专业词汇1 ABM Activity-based Management 基于作业活动管理2 AO Application Outsourcing 应用程序外包3 APICS American Production and Inventory Control Society,Inc 美国生产与库存管理协会4 APICS Applied Manufacturing Education Series 实用制造管理系列培训教材5 APO Advanced Planning and Optimization 先进计划及优化技术6 APS Advanced Planning and Scheduling 高级计划与排程技术7 ASP Application Service/Software Provider 应用服务/软件供应商8 ATO Assemble To Order 定货组装9 ATP Available To Promise 可供销售量(可签约量)10 B2B Business to Business 企业对企业(电子商务)11 B2C Business to Consumer 企业对消费者(电子商务)12 B2G Business to Government 企业对政府(电子商务)13 B2R Business to Retailer 企业对经销商(电子商务)14 BIS Business Intelligence System 商业智能系统15 BOM Bill Of Materials 物料清单16 BOR Bill Of Resource 资源清单17 BPR Business Process Reengineering 业务/企业流程重组18 BPM Business Process Management 业务/企业流程管理19 BPS Business Process Standard 业务/企业流程标准20 C/S Client/Server(C/S)\Browser/Server(B/S) 客户机/服务器\浏览器/服务器21 CAD Computer-Aided Design 计算机辅助设计22 CAID Computer-Aided Industrial Design 计算机辅助工艺设计23 CAM Computer-Aided Manufacturing 计算机辅助制造24 CAPP Computer-Aided Process Planning 计算机辅助工艺设计25 CASE Computer-Aided Software Engineering 计算机辅助软件工程26 CC Collaborative Commerce 协同商务27 CIMS Computer Integrated Manufacturing System 计算机集成制造系统28 CMM Capability Maturity Model 能力成熟度模型29 COMMS Customer Oriented Manufacturing Management System 面向客户制造管理系统30 CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture 通用对象请求代理结构31 CPC Collaborative Product Commerce 协同产品商务32 CPIM Certified Production and Inventory Management 生产与库存管理认证资格33 CPM Critical Path Method 关键线路法34 CRM Customer Relationship Management 客户关系管理35 CRP capacity requirements planning 能力需求计划36 CTI Computer Telephony Integration 电脑电话集成(呼叫中心)37 CTP Capable to Promise 可承诺的能力38 DCOM Distributed Component Object Model 分布式组件对象模型39 DCS Distributed Control System 分布式控制系统40 DMRP Distributed MRP 分布式MRP41 DRP Distribution Resource Planning 分销资源计划42 DSS Decision Support System 决策支持系统43 DTF Demand Time Fence 需求时界44 DTP Delivery to Promise 可承诺的交货时间45 EAI Enterprise Application Integration 企业应用集成46 EAM Enterprise Assets Management 企业资源管理47 ECM Enterprise Commerce Management 企业商务管理48 ECO Engineering Change Order 工程变更订单49 EDI Electronic Data Interchange 电子数据交换50 EDP Electronic Data Processing 电子数据处理51 EEA Extended Enterprise Applications 扩展企业应用系统52 EIP Enterprise Information Portal 企业信息门户53 EIS Executive Information System 高层领导信息系统54 EOI Economic Order Interval 经济定货周期55 EOQ Economic Order Quantity 经济订货批量(经济批量法)56 EPA Enterprise Proficiency Analysis 企业绩效分析57 ERP Enterprise Resource Planning 企业资源计划58 ERM Enterprise Resource Management 企业资源管理59 ETO Engineer To Order 专项设计，按订单设计60 FAS Final Assembly Schedule 最终装配计划61 FCS Finite Capacity Scheduling 有限能力计划62 FMS Flexible Manufacturing System 柔性制造系统63 FOQ Fixed Order Quantity 固定定货批量法64 GL General Ledger 总账65 GUI Graphical User Interface 图形用户界面66 HRM Human Resource Management 人力资源管理67 HRP Human Resource Planning 人力资源计划68 IE Industry Engineering/Internet Exploration 工业工程/浏览器69 ISO International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织70 ISP Internet Service Provider 互联网服务提供商71 ISPE International Society for Productivity Enhancement 国际生产力促进会72 IT/GT Information/Group Technology 信息/成组技术73 JIT Just In Time 准时制造/准时制生产74 KPA Key Process Areas 关键过程域75 KPI Key Performance Indicators 关键业绩指标76 LP Lean Production 精益生产77 MES Manufacturing Executive System 制造执行系统78 MIS Management Information System 管理信息系统79 MPS Master Production Schedule 主生产计划80 MRP Material Requirements Planning 物料需求计划81 MRPII Manufacturing Resource Planning 制造资源计划82 MTO Make To Order 定货(订货)生产83 MTS Make To Stock 现货(备货)生产84 OA Office Automation 办公自动化85 OEM Original Equipment Manufacturing 原始设备制造商86 OPT Optimized Production Technology 最优生产技术87 OPT Optimized Production Timetable 最优生产时刻表88 PADIS Production And Decision Information System 生产和决策管理信息系统89 PDM Product Data Management 产品数据管理90 PERT Program Evaluation Research Technology 计划评审技术91 PLM Production Lifecycle Management 产品生命周期管理92 PM Project Management 项目管理93 POQ Period Order Quantity 周期定量法94 PRM Partner Relationship Management 合作伙伴关系管理95 PTF Planned Time Fence 计划时界96 PTX Private Trade Exchange 自用交易网站97 RCCP Rough-Cut Capacity Planning 粗能力计划98 RDBM Relational Data Base Management 关系数据库管理99 RPM Rapid Prototype Manufacturing 快速原形制造100 RRP Resource Requirements Planning 资源需求计划101 SCM Supply Chain Management 供应链管理102 SCP Supply Chain Partnership 供应链合作伙伴关系103 SFA Sales Force Automation 销售自动化104 SMED Single-Minute Exchange Of Dies 快速换模法105 SOP Sales And Operation Planning 销售与运作规划106 SQL Structure Query Language 结构化查询语言107 TCO Total Cost Ownership 总体运营成本108 TEI Total Enterprise Integration 全面企业集成109 TOC Theory Of Constraints/Constraints managemant 约束理论/约束管理110 TPM Total Productive Maintenance 全员生产力维护111 TQC Total Quality Control 全面质量控制112 TQM Total Quality Management 全面质量管理113 WBS Work Breakdown System 工作分解系统114 XML eXtensible Markup Language 可扩展标记语言115 ABC Classification(Activity Based Classification) ABC分类法116 ABC costing 作业成本法117 ABC inventory control ABC 库存控制118 abnormal demand 反常需求119 acquisition cost ,ordering cost 定货费120 action message 行为/活动(措施)信息121 action report flag 活动报告标志122 activity cost pool 作业成本集123 activity-based costing(ABC) 作业基准成本法/业务成本法124 actual capacity 实际能力125 adjust on hand 调整现有库存量126 advanced manufacturing technology 先进制造技术127 advanced pricing 高级定价系统128 AM Agile Manufacturing 敏捷制造129 alternative routing 替代工序(工艺路线)130 Anticipated Delay Report 拖期预报131 anticipation inventory 预期储备132 apportionment code 分摊码133 assembly parts list 装配零件表134 automated storage/retrieval system 自动仓储/检索系统135 Automatic Rescheduling 计划自动重排136 available inventory 可达到库存137 available material 可用物料138 available stock 达到库存139 available work 可利用工时140 average inventory 平均库存141 back order 欠交(脱期)订单142 back scheduling 倒排(序)计划/倒序排产?143 base currency 本位币144 batch number 批号145 batch process 批流程146 batch production 批量生产147 benchmarking 标杆瞄准(管理)148 bill of labor 工时清单149 bill of lading 提货单150 branch warehouse 分库151 bucketless system 无时段系统152 business framework 业务框架153 business plan 经营规划154 capacity level 能力利用水平155 capacity load 能力负荷156 capacity management 能力管理157 carrying cost 保管费158 carrying cost rate 保管费率159 cellular manufacturing 单元式制造160 change route 修改工序161 change structure 修改产品结构162 check point 检查点163 closed loop MRP 闭环MRP164 Common Route Code(ID) 通用工序标识165 component-based development 组件(构件)开发技术166 concurrent engineering 并行(同步)工程167 conference room pilot 会议室模拟168 configuration code 配置代码169 continuous improvement 进取不懈170 continuous process 连续流程171 cost driver 作业成本发生因素172 cost driver rate 作业成本发生因素单位费用173 cost of stockout 短缺损失174 cost roll-up 成本滚动计算法175 crew size 班组规模176 critical part 急需零件177 critical ratio 紧迫系数178 critical work center 关键工作中心179 CLT Cumulative Lead Time 累计提前期180 current run hour 现有运转工时181 current run quantity 现有运转数量182 customer care 客户关怀183 customer deliver lead time 客户交货提前期184 customer loyalty 客户忠诚度185 customer order number 客户订单号186 customer satisfaction 客户满意度187 customer status 客户状况188 cycle counting 周期盘点189 DM Data Mining 数据挖掘190 Data Warehouse 数据仓库191 days offset 偏置天数192 dead load 空负荷193 demand cycle 需求周期194 demand forecasting 需求预测195 demand management 需求管理196 Deming circle 戴明环197 demonstrated capacity 实际能力198 discrete manufacturing 离散型生产199 dispatch to 调度200 DRP Distribution Requirements Planning 分销需求计划201 drop shipment 直运202 dunning letter 催款信203 ECO workbench ECO工作台204 employee enrolled 在册员工205 employee tax id 员工税号206 end item 最终产品207 engineering change mode flag 工程变更方式标志208 engineering change notice 工程变更通知209 equipment distribution 设备分配210 equipment management 设备管理211 exception control 例外控制212 excess material analysis 呆滞物料分析213 expedite code 急送代码214 external integration 外部集成215 fabrication order 加工订单216 factory order 工厂订单217 fast path method 快速路径法218 fill backorder 补足欠交219 final assembly lead time 总装提前期220 final goods 成品221 finite forward scheduling 有限顺排计划222 finite loading 有限排负荷223 firm planned order 确认的计划订单224 firm planned time fence 确认计划需求时界225 FPR Fixed Period Requirements 定期用量法226 fixed quantity 固定数量法227 fixed time 固定时间法228 floor stock 作业现场库存229 flow shop 流水车间230 focus forecasting 调焦预测231 forward scheduling 顺排计划232 freeze code 冻结码233 freeze space 冷冻区234 frozen order 冻结订单235 gross requirements 毛需求236 hedge inventory 囤积库存237 in process inventory 在制品库存238 in stock 在库239 incrementing 增值240 indirect cost 间接成本241 indirect labor 间接人工242 infinite loading 无限排负荷243 input/output control 投入/产出控制244 inspection ID 检验标识245 integrity 完整性246 inter companies 公司内部间247 interplant demands 厂际需求量248 inventory carry rate 库存周转率249 inventory cycle time 库存周期250 inventory issue 库存发放251 inventory location type 仓库库位类型252 inventory scrap 库存报废量253 inventory transfers 库存转移254 inventory turns/turnover 库存(资金)周转次数255 invoice address 发票地址256 invoice amount gross 发票金额257 invoice schedule 发票清单258 issue cycle 发放周期259 issue order 发送订单260 issue parts 发放零件261 issue policy 发放策略262 item availability 项目可供量263 item description 项目说明264 item number 项目编号265 item record 项目记录266 item remark 项目备注267 item status 项目状态268 job shop 加工车间269 job step 作业步骤270 kit item 配套件项目271 labor hour 人工工时272 late days 延迟天数273 lead time 提前期274 lead time level 提前期水平275 lead time offset days 提前期偏置(补偿)天数276 least slack per operation 最小单个工序平均时差277 line item 单项产品278 live pilot 应用模拟279 load leveling 负荷量280 load report 负荷报告281 location code 仓位代码282 location remarks 仓位备注283 location status 仓位状况284 lot for lot 按需定货(因需定量法/缺补法)285 lot ID 批量标识286 lot number 批量编号287 lot number traceability 批号跟踪288 lot size 批量289 lot size inventory 批量库存290 lot sizing 批量规划291 low level code 低层(位)码292 machine capacity 机器能力293 machine hours 机时294 machine loading 机器加载295 maintenance ,repair,and operating supplies 维护修理操作物料296 make or buy decision 外购或自制决策297 management by exception 例外管理法298 manufacturing cycle time 制造周期时间299 manufacturing lead time 制造提前期300 manufacturing standards 制造标准301 master scheduler 主生产计划员302 material 物料303 material available 物料可用量304 material cost 物料成本305 material issues and receipts 物料发放和接收306 material management 物料管理307 material manager 物料经理308 material master,item master 物料主文件309 material review board 物料核定机构310 measure of velocity 生产速率水平311 memory-based processing speed 基于存储的处理速度312 minimum balance 最小库存余量313 Modern Materials Handling 现代物料搬运314 month to date 月累计315 move time , transit time 传递时间316 MSP book flag MPS登录标志317 multi-currency 多币制318 multi-facility 多场所319 multi-level 多级320 multi-plant management 多工厂管理321 multiple location 多重仓位322 net change 净改变法323 net change MRP 净改变式MRP324 net requirements 净需求325 new location 新仓位326 new parent 新组件327 new warehouse 新仓库328 next code 后续编码329 next number 后续编号330 No action report 不活动报告331 non-nettable 不可动用量332 on demand 急需的333 on-hand balance 现有库存量334 on hold 挂起335 on time 准时336 open amount 未清金额337 open order 未结订单/开放订单338 order activity rules 订单活动规则339 order address 订单地址340 order entry 订单输入341 order point 定货点342 order point system 定货点法343 order policy 定货策略344 order promising 定货承诺345 order remarks 定货备注346 ordered by 定货者347 overflow location 超量库位348 overhead apportionment/allocation 间接费分配349 overhead rate,burden factor,absorption rate 间接费率350 owner's equity 所有者权益351 parent item 母件352 part bills 零件清单353 part lot 零件批次354 part number 零件编号355 people involvement 全员参治356 performance measurement 业绩评价357 physical inventory 实际库存358 picking 领料/提货359 planned capacity 计划能力360 planned order 计划订单361 planned order receipts 计划产出量362 planned order releases 计划投入量363 planning horizon 计划期/计划展望期364 point of use 使用点365 Policy and procedure 工作准则与工作规程366 price adjustments 价格调整367 price invoice 发票价格368 price level 物价水平369 price purchase order 采购订单价格370 priority planning 优先计划371 processing manufacturing 流程制造372 product control 产品控制373 product family 产品系列374 product mix 产品搭配组合375 production activity control 生产作业控制376 production cycle 生产周期377 production line 产品线378 production rate 产品率379 production tree 产品结构树380 PAB Projected Available Balance 预计可用库存(量) 381 purchase order tracking 采购订单跟踪382 quantity allocation 已分配量383 quantity at location 仓位数量384 quantity backorder 欠交数量385 quantity completion 完成数量386 quantity demand 需求量387 quantity gross 毛需求量388 quantity in 进货数量389 quantity on hand 现有数量390 quantity scrapped 废品数量391 quantity shipped 发货数量392 queue time 排队时间393 rated capacity 额定能力394 receipt document 收款单据395 reference number 参考号396 regenerated MRP 重生成式MRP397 released order 下达订单398 reorder point 再订购点399 repetitive manufacturing 重复式生产(制造)400 replacement parts 替换零件401 required capacity 需求能力402 requisition orders 请购单403 rescheduling assumption 重排假设404 resupply order 补库单405 rework bill 返工单406 roll up 上滚407 rough cut resource planning 粗资源计划408 rounding amount 舍入金额409 run time 加工(运行)时间410 safety lead time 安全提前期411 safety stock 安全库存412 safety time 保险期413 sales order 销售订单414 scheduled receipts 计划接收量(预计入库量/预期到货量) 415 seasonal stock 季节储备416 send part 发送零件417 service and support 服务和支持418 service parts 维修件419 set up time 准备时间420 ship address 发运地址421 ship contact 发运单联系人422 ship order 发货单423 shop calendar 工厂日历(车间日历)424 shop floor control 车间作业管理(控制)425 shop order , work order 车间订单426 shrink factor 损耗因子(系数)427 single level where used 单层物料反查表428 standard cost system 标准成本体系429 standard hours 标准工时430 standard product cost 标准产品成本431 standard set up hour 标准机器设置工时432 standard unit run hour 标准单位运转工时433 standard wage rate 标准工资率434 status code 状态代码435 stores control 库存控制436 suggested work order 建议工作单437 supply chain 供应链438 synchronous manufacturing 同步制造/同期生产439 time bucket 时段(时间段)440 time fence 时界441 time zone 时区442 top management commitment 领导承诺443 total lead time 总提前期444 transportation inventory 在途库存445 unfavorable variance, adverse 不利差异446 unit cost 单位成本447 unit of measure 计量单位448 value chain 价值链449 value-added chain 增值链450 variance in quantity 量差451 vendor scheduler,supplier scheduler 采购计划员/供方计划员452 vendor scheduling 采购计划法453 Virtual Enterprise(VE)/ Organization 虚拟企业/公司454 volume variance 产量差异455 wait time 等待时间456 where-used list 反查用物料单457 work center capacity 工作中心能力458 workflow 工作流459 work order 工作令460 work order tracking 工作令跟踪461 work scheduling 工作进度安排462 world class manufacturing excellence 国际优秀制造业463 zero inventories 零库存464465 Call/Contact/Work/Cost center 呼叫/联络/工作/成本中心466 Co/By-product 联/副产品467 E-Commerce/E-Business/E-Marketing 电子商务/电子商务/电子集市468 E-sales/E-procuement/E-partner 电子销售/电子采购/电子伙伴469 independent/dependent demand 独立需求/相关需求件470 informal/formal system 非/规范化管理系统471 Internet/Intranet/Extranet 互联网/企业内部网/企业外联网472 middle/hard/soft/share/firm/group ware 中间/硬/软/共享/固/群件473 pegging/kitting/netting/nettable 追溯(反查)/配套出售件/净需求计算474 picking/dispatch/disbursement list 领料单(或提货单)/派工单/发料单475 preflush/backflush/super backflush 预冲/倒冲法/完全反冲476 yield/scrap/shrinkage (rate) 成品率/废品率/缩减率477 scrap/shrinkage factor 残料率（废品系数）/损耗系数478479 costed BOM 成本物料清单480 engineering BOM 设计物料清单481 indented BOM 缩排式物料清单482 manufacturing BOM 制造物料清单483 modular BOM 模块化物料清单484 planning BOM 计划物料清单485 single level BOM 单层物料清单486 summarized BOM 汇总物料清单487488 account balance 账户余额489 account code 账户代码490 account ledger 分类账491 account period 会计期间492 accounts payable 应付账款493 accounts receivable 应收账款494 actual cost 实际成本495 aging 账龄496 balance due 到期余额497 balance in hand 现有余额498 balance sheet 资产负债表499 beginning balance 期初余额500 cash basis 现金收付制501 cash on bank 银行存款502 cash on hand 现金503 cash out to 支付给504 catalog 目录505 category code 分类码506 check out 结帐507 collection 催款508 cost simulation 成本模拟509 costing 成本核算510 current assets 流动资产511 current liabilities 流动负债512 current standard cost 现行标准成本513 detail 明细514 draft remittance 汇票汇出515 end of year 年末516 ending availables 期末可供量517 ending balance 期末余额518 exchange rate 汇率519 expense 费用520 financial accounting 财务会计521 financial entity 财务实体522 financial reports 财务报告523 financial statements 财务报表524 fiscal period 财务期间525 fiscal year 财政年度526 fixed assets 固定资产527 foreign amount 外币金额528 gains and loss 损益529 in balance 平衡530 income statement 损益表531 intangible assets 无形资产532 journal entry 分录533 management accounting 管理会计534 manual reconciliation 手工调账535 notes payable 应付票据536 notes receivable 应收票据537 other receivables 其他应收款538 pay aging 付款账龄539 pay check 工资支票540 pay in 缴款541 pay item 付款项目542 pay point 支付点543 pay status 支付状态544 payment instrument 付款方式545 payment reminder 催款单546 payment status 付款状态547 payment terms 付款期限548 period 期间549 post 过账550 proposed cost 建议成本551 simulated cost 模拟成本552 spending variance,expenditure variance 开支差异553 subsidiary 明细账554 summary 汇总555 tax code 税码556 tax rate 税率557 value added tax 增值税558559 as of date , stop date 截止日期560 change lot date 修改批量日期561 clear date 结清日期562 date adjust 调整日期563 date available 有效日期564 date changed 修改日期565 date closed 结束日期566 date due 截止日期567 date in produced 生产日期568 date inventory adjust 库存调整日期569 date obsolete 作废日期570 date received 收到日期571 date released 交付日期572 date required 需求日期573 date to pull 发货日期574 earliest due date 最早订单完成日期575 effective date 生效日期576 engineering change effect date 工程变更生效日期577 engineering stop date 工程停止日期578 expired date 失效日期，报废日期579 from date 起始日期580 last shipment date 最后运输日期581 need date 需求日期582 new date 新日期583 pay through date 付款截止日期584 receipt date 收到日期585 ship date 发运日期586587 allocation 已分配量588 alphanumeric 字母数字589 approver 批准者590 assembly 装配(件)591 backlog 未结订单/拖欠订单592 billing 开单593 bill-to 发票寄往地594 bottleneck 瓶颈资源595 bulk 散装596 buyer 采购员597 component 子件/组件598 customer 客户599 delivery 交货600 demand 需求601 description 说明602 discrete 离散603 ergonomics 工效学(人类工程学) 604 facility 设备、功能605 feature 基本组件/特征件606 forecast 预测607 freight 运费608 holidays 例假日609 implement 实施610 ingredient 配料、成分611 inquire 查询612 inventory 库存613 item 物料项目614 job 作业615 Kanban 看板616 level 层次(级)617 load 负荷618 locate 定位619 logistics 后勤保障体系；物流管理620 lot 批次621 option 可选件622 outstanding 逾期未付623 overhead 制造费用624 override 覆盖625 overtime 加班626 parent 双亲(文件)627 part 零件628 phantom 虚拟件629 plant 工厂，场所630 preference 优先权631 priority 优先权(级)632 procurement 采购633 prototyping 原形测试634 queue 队列635 quota 任务额，报价636 receipt 收款、收据637 regeneration 全重排法638 remittance 汇款639 requisition 请购单640 returned 退货641 roll 滚动642 routing 工艺线路643 schedule 计划表644 shipment 发运量645 ship-to 交货地646 shortage 短缺647 shrink 损耗648 spread 分摊649 statement 报表650 subassembly 子装配件651 supplier 供应商652 transaction 事务处理653 what-if 如果怎样-将会怎样654655 post-deduct inventory transaction processing 后减库存处理法656 pre-deduct inventory transaction processing 前减库存处理法657 generally accepted manufacturing practices 通用生产管理原则658 direct-deduct inventory transaction processing 直接增减库存处理法659 Pareto Principle 帕拉图原理660 Drum-buffer-rope 鼓点-缓冲-绳子661663 Open Database Connectivity 开放数据库互连664 Production Planning 生产规划编制665 Work in Process 在制品666 accelerated cost recovery system 快速成本回收制度667 accounting information system 会计信息系统668 acceptable quality kevel 可接受质量水平669 constant purchasing power accounting 不买够买力会计670 break-even analysis 保本分析671 book value 帐面价值672 cost-benefit analysis 成本效益分析673 chief financial office 财务总监674 degree of financial leverage 财务杠杆系数675 degree of operating leverage 经济杠杆系数676 first-in , first-out 先进先出法677 economic lot size 经济批量678 first-in ,still-here 后进先出法679 full pegging 完全跟踪680 linear programming 线性规划681 management by objective 目标管理682 value engineering 价值工程683 zero based budgeting 零基预算684 CAQ computer aided quality assurance 计算机辅助质量保证685 DBMS database management system 数据库管理系统686 IP Internet Protocol 网际协议687 TCP Transmission Control Protocol 传输控制协议689690 API Advanced Process Industry 高级流程工业691 A2A Application to Application 应用到应用(集成)692 article 物品693 article reserves 物品存储694 assembly order 装配订单695 balance-on-hand-inventory 现有库存余额696 bar code 条形码697 boned warehouse 保税仓库698 CPA Capacity Requirements Planning 能力需求计划699 change management 变革管理700 chill space 冷藏区701 combined transport 联合运输702 commodity inspection 进出口商品检验703 competitive edge 竞争优势704 container 集装箱705 container transport 集装箱运输706 CRP Continuous Replenishment Program 连续补充系数707 core competence 核心才能708 cross docking 直接换装709 CLV Customer Lifetime Value 客户生命周期价值710 CReM Customer Relationship Marketing 客户关系营销711 CSS Customer Service and Support 客户服务和支持712 Customer Service Representative 客户服务代表713 customized logistics 定制物流714 customs declaration 报关715 cycle stock 经常库存716 data cleansing 数据整理717 Data Knowledge and Decision Support 数据知识和决策支持718 data level integration 数据层集成719 data transformation 数据转换720 desktop conferencing 桌面会议721 distribution 配送722 distribution and logistics 分销和后勤723 distribution center 配送中心724 distribution logistics 销售物流725 distribution processing 流通加工726 distribution requirements 分销量727 DRP distribution resource planning 配送/分销资源计划728 door-to-door 门到门729 drop and pull transport 甩挂运输730 DEM Dynamic Enterprise Module 动态企业建模技术731 ECR Efficient Consumer Response 有效顾客反应732 e-Government Affairs 电子政务733 EC Electronic Commerce 电子商务734 Electronic Display Boards 电子公告板735 EOS Electronic order system 电子订货系统736 ESD Electronic Software Distribution 电子软件分发737 embedding 插入738 employee category 员工分类739 empowerment 授权740 engineering change effect work order 工程变更生效单741 environmental logistics 绿色物流742 experiential marketing 直效行销(又称体验行销)743 export supervised warehouse 出口监管仓库744 ERP Extended Resource Planning 扩展资源计划745 field sales/cross sale/cross sell 现场销售/交叉销售/连带销售746 franchising 加盟连销权747 FCL Full Container Load 整箱货748 Global Logistics Management 全球运筹管理749 goods collection 集货750 goods shed 料棚751 goods shelf 货架752 goods stack 货垛753 goods yard 货场754 handing/carrying 搬运755 high performance organization 高绩效组织756 inland container depot 公路集装箱中转站757 inside sales 内部销售758 inspection 检验759 intangible loss 无形消耗760 internal logistics 企业物流761 international freight forwarding agent 国际货运代理762 international logistics 国际物流763 invasive integration 侵入性集成764 joint distribution 共同配送765 just-in-time logistics 准时制物流766 KM Knowledge Management 知识管理767 lead (customer) management 潜在客户管理768 learning organization 学习型组织769 LCL less than container load 拼装货770 load balancing 负载平衡771 loading and unloading 装载772 logistics activity 物流活动773 logistics alliance 物流联盟774 logistics center 物流中心775 logistics cost 物流成本776 logistics cost control 物流成本管理777 logistics documents 物流单证778 logistics enterprise 物流企业779 logistics information 物流信息780 logistics management 物流管理781 logistics modulus 物流模数782 logistics network 物流网络783 logistics operation 物流作业784 LRP Logistics Resource Planning 物流资源计划785 logistics strategy 物流战略786 logistics strategy management 物流战略管理787 logistics technology 物流技术788 MES Manufacture Execute System 制造执行系统789 mass customization 大规模定制790 NPV Net Present Value 净现值791 neutral packing 中性包装792 OLAP On-line Analysis Processing 联机/在线分析系统793 OAG Open Application Group 开放应用集成794 order picking 拣选795 outsourcing 外包796 package/packaging 包装797 packing of nominated brand 定牌包装798 palletizing 托盘包装799 PDA Personal Digital Assistant 个人数据助理800 personalization 个性化801 PTF Planning time fence 计划时界802 POS Point Of Sells 电子收款机803 priority queuing 优先排队804 PBX Private Branch Exchange 专用分组交换机805 production logistics 生产物流806 publish/subscribe 发布/订阅807 quality of working life 工作生活品质808 Quick Response 快速反映809 receiving space 收货区810 REPs Representatives 代表或业务员811 return logistics 回收物流812 ROI Return On Investment 投资回报率813 RM Risk Management 风险管理814 sales package 销售包装815 scalability 可扩充性816 shipping space 发货区817 situational leadership 情境领导818 six sigma 六个标准差819 sorting/stacking 分拣/堆拣820 stereoscopic warehouse 立体仓库821 storage 保管822 stored procedure 存储过程823 storehouse 库房824 storing 储存825 SRM Supplier Relationship Management 供应商关系管理826 tangible loss 有形消耗827 team building 团队建立。

1序 (2)2基础篇 (2)3财务篇 (2)4物流篇 (2)5生产与工单管理篇 (2)6系统管理篇 (2)7ERP ENGLISH专用语 (3)7.1财务术语 (3)7.1.1 Chart of Accounts 财务科目表 (3)7.1.2 Accounting process 记账过程 (8)7.1.3 Finance Reports财务报表 (11)7.2物流术语 (13)7.2.1 Procurement采购管理 (13)7.2.2 Sales Management销售管理 (15)7.2.3 Inventory Management存货管理 (16)7.2.4 物流报表 (17)7.3生产术语 (18)1. 序2. 基础篇3. 财务篇4. 物流篇5. 生产与工单管理篇6. 系统管理篇7. ERP English专用语本章是专门讲解ERP软件的常用英语专门用语的。

ERP作为一个西方发明的管理工具，大量使用专门的术语，对于我国的广大使用者学习者的确是一个需要专门处理的内容。

此外，ERP实施中很多公司都有外籍管理人员参与，需要中方员工能够流畅地沟通讨论实施中的各种问题。

本书主要是以ADONIX使用到的术语进行讲解，其中使用较多的英语知识，阅读者需要较好的英语基础。

这方面需要深造的读者可以联系《ERP English》培训班。

a) 财务术语财务模块，finance module，是ERP的核心，即便不是财务专业的读者，也需要了解一些最基本的财务术语。

Module，模块，是ERP系统的各个组成部分。

粗的分类就是finance，logistics，production三大模块，财务、物流、和生产。

其中财务模块又通常分为GL (General Ledger)，AP(Account Payable)，AR(Account Receivable)，即总帐、应付、和应收模块。

i.Chart of Accounts 财务科目表Chart of accounts，就是财务科目表，简称COA。

ABC Classification ABC分类法Activity-Based Costing 业务量成本法/作业成本法ACRS (Accelerated cost recovery system) 快速成本回收制度Action Message 行为/措施信息AIS (Accounting information system) 会计信息系统Allocation 已分配量Anticipated Delay Report 拖期预报A/P (Accounts Payable) 应付帐款APICS (American Production & Inventory Control Society) 美国生产及库存控制协会AQL (Acceptable quality Level) 可接受质量水平A/R (Accounts Receivable) 应收帐款Automatic Rescheduling 自动重排产Available To Promise (APT) 可签约量Backflush 倒冲法Backlog 未完成订单/未结订单Back Scheduling 倒序排产BE analysis (Break-even analysis) 盈亏临界点分析，保本分析Bill of Material (BOM) 物料清单Business Plan 经营规划B/V (Book value) 帐面价值Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) 能力需求计划CBA (Cost-benefit analysis) 成本效益分析CEO 首席执行官CFO (Chief Financial Officer) 财务总裁Closed Loop MRP 闭环物料需求计划CPM (Critical path method) 关键路线法CPP accounting (Constant purchasing power accounting) 不变购买力会计Cumulative Lead Time 累计提前期Cycle Counting 周期盘点Demand 需求Demand Management 需求管理Demonstrated Capacity 实际能力Dependent Demand 非独立需求DFL (Degree of financial leverage) 财务杠杆系数Direct-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing 直接增减库存法Dispatch List 派工单DOL (Degree of operating leverage) 经营杠杆系数ELS (Economic lot size) 经济批量EOQ (Economic order quantity) 经济订货批量FIFO (Fist-in,Fist-out) 先进先出法Firm Planned Order 确认计划订单FISH/LIFO (Fist-in,Still-here) 后进先出法Fixed Order Quantity 固定订货批量法Flow Shop 流水车间Focus Forecasting 集中预测Full Pegging 完全跟踪Generally Accepted Manufacturing Practices 公认生产管理原则Independent Demand 独立需求Inpu/Output Control 投入/产出控制Interplant Demand 厂际需求Inventory Turnover 库存周转次数Item 物料项目Item Record 项目记录Job Shop 加工车间Just-in-time (JIT) 准时制生产Lead Time 提前期前置期，指订单从收到具体明细到货到货仓收到落货纸这一段时间，可以用评估工厂的综合实力。

pdca循环的四个阶段基本解释PDCA是英语单词Plan（计划）、Do（执行）、Check（检查）和Act（处理）的第一个字母，PDCA循环就是按照这样的顺序进行质量管理，并且循环不止地进行下去的科学程序。

1、P（Plan）计划，包括方针和目标的确定，以及活动规划的制定。

2、D（Do）执行，根据已知的信息，设计具体的方法、方案和计划布局；再根据设计和布局，进行具体运作，实现计划中的内容。

3、C（Check）检查，总结执行计划的结果，分清哪些对了，哪些错了，明确效果，找出问题。

4、A（Act）处理，对总结检查的结果进行处理，对成功的经验加以肯定，并予以标准化；对于失败的教训也要总结，引起重视。

对于没有解决的问题，应提交给下一个PDCA循环中去解决。

以上四个过程不是运行一次就结束，而是周而复始的进行，一个循环完了，解决一些问题，未解决的问题进入下一个循环，这样阶梯式上升的。

PDCA循环是全面质量管理所应遵循的科学程序。

全面质量管理活动的全部过程，就是质量计划的制订和组织实现的过程，这个过程就是按照PDCA循环，不停顿地周而复始地运转的。

现代观点P（Planning）——计划职能包括三小部分：目标（goal）、实施计划（plan）、收支预算（budget）。

D（Design）——设计方案和布局。

C（4C）——4C管理：Check（检查）、Communicate（沟通）、Clean （清理）、Control（控制）。

A（2A）——Act（执行，对总结检查的结果进行处理）、Aim（按照目标要求行事，如改善、提高）。

应用阶段1、计划阶段。

要通过市场调查、用户访问等，摸清用户对产品质量的要求，确定质量政策、质量目标和质量计划等。

包括现状调查、分析、确定要因、制定计划。

2、设计和执行阶段。

实施上一阶段所规定的内容。

根据质量标准进行产品设计、试制、试验及计划执行前的人员培训。

3、检查阶段。

主要是在计划执行过程之中或执行之后，检查执行情况，看是否符合计划的预期结果效果。

切削cutting;加工 machining;金属切削 metal cutting (metal removal);金属切削工艺 metal-removalprocess;金属工艺学 technology of metals;机器制造machine-building;机械加工 machining;冷加工 cold machining；热加工 hot working;工件 work piece;切屑chip;常见的加工方法 universal machining method;钻削drilling;镗削 boring;车削 turning；磨削 grinding;铣削 milling;刨削 planning;插削slotting ;锉filing ;划线lineation;錾切carving;锯sawing;刮削facing;钻孔boring;攻丝 tap;零件表面构成及成形方法变形力 deforming force;变形 deformation;几何形状 geometrical;尺寸dimension ;精度 precision;表面光洁度 surface finish;共轭曲线 conjugate curve;范成法 generation method;轴 shaft;机床的切削运动及切削要素主运动 main movement;主运动方向 direction of main movement;进给方向 direction of feed;进给运动 feed movement;合成进给运动 resultant movement of feed;合成切削运动 resultant movement of cutting;合成切削运动方向 direction of resultant movement of cutting ;传动 drive/transmission;切削用量 cutting parameters;切削速度 cutting speed;切削深度 depth of cut;进给速度 feed force;切削功率 cutting power;金属切削刀具合金工具钢alloy tool steel;高速钢 high-speed steel;硬质合金 hard alloy;易加工 ease of manufacturing ;切削刀具 cutting tool;刀具 cutter;车刀 lathe tool;主切削刃 main cutting edge;副切削刃assistant cutting edge;刀体 tool body ;刀柄tool shank;前刀面 rake face;主后刀面 major flank;刀尖 nose of tool;主剖面系tool orthogonal plane system;切削平面 tool cutting edge plane;主剖面 tool orthogonal plane;切削宽度 width of the uncut chip;进给平面系 assumed working plane system;加工表面 transient surface;前角 rake angle;后角 clearance angle;主偏角 tool cutting edge angle;刀尖角nose angle;刀具切削过程及磨削机理塑性变形 plastic distortion;微观组织，显微结构microstructure ;切削力cutting force;切削温度 cutting temperature;积屑瘤，刀瘤（粘附车刀的切削物）built-up edge; 刀尖磨损nose wear;月牙洼crater;残留应力 residual stress;应力 stress;硬度 rigidity;磨削grinding;砂轮 grinding wheel;磨粒grain;剪切 shear;摩擦 friction;内力 internal force ;~ 切削加工质量、材料的切削加工性、切削液的选择加工精度 machining accuracy;表面质量 surface finish;工艺性能technological performance;材料切削加工性指标 machinability index of material; 切削液 cutting fluid ;切削油 cutting oil;工件的装夹及夹具定位梢 dowel;定位 allocation;机床夹具 jig;组装线Assembly line;机械零件 mechanical parts;钳工 locksmith；精加工 finish machining;粗加工 rough machining;气动夹紧 pneuma-lock;同心，同心度concentricity ;垂直度perpendicular;基准 benchmark;基准线 reference line;夹具 fixture;通用夹具 universal fixture;专用夹具 Fixture for special purpose;可调夹具adjustable fixture;组合夹具 modular fixture;工序 process;设计基准designing datum;工艺基准 datum features in process;金属切削机床机床 machine tool;机床运动 motion of machine;机床型号 machine tool model;机床加工精度 machining accuracy of machine tool;车床 lathe;普通车床engine lathe;卧式车床horizontal lathe;立式车床 vertical lathe;钻床drill press;镗床boring machine;铣床 milling machine;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;牛头刨床shaper;龙门刨床planer;插床 slotting machine（slotter）;第2章常用加工方法综述及加工方案选择一、车削车削 turning;车刀 lathe tool ;车床 lathe ;普通车床engine lathe;卧式车床horizontal lathe;立式车床 vertical lathe;仿形车床 duplicating lathe (copy lathe); 转塔车床turret lathe;细长轴 long slender shaft纵向车削 straight turning;锥体车削 taper turning;仿形车削 contour turning;端面车削 facing;回转表面 surface of revolution;平面 flat surface;圆面round surface ;仿形表面contoured surface ;退刀槽recess ;卡盘 chuck;尾架tailstock;床头箱，主轴箱headstock;销 pin;卡箍 bar clasp;花盘faceplate;主轴 spindle;二、钻削钻削drilling;钻床drill press;钻头 drill;锪孔counter boring;内表面internal surface ;铰孔、扩孔reaming;攻丝 tapping;孔加工 spot facing machining;铰 ream;铰刀 reamer;盲孔blind hole;麻花钻 twist drill;埋头孔countersink;锥柄taper shank;三、镗削镗削 bore;镗床boring machine;镗杆boring bar ;纵向镗削straight boring;表面光洁度surface finish;卧式镗孔机horizontal boring machine;四、铣削铣削mill;铣床 milling machine ;铣刀 milling cutter;缝Slot ;槽groove;平面 flat surface;圆面round surface ;仿形表面contoured surface;周铣Peripheral milling ;端铣face milling; multi model miller;靠模铣床; copy milling machine;仿形铣床 ; contouring machine;五、磨削磨削grinding;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;外圆磨削 external grinding;内圆磨削 internal grinding(cylindrical grinding); 平面磨削 plane grinding abrasive;外圆磨床cylindrical grinding machine;平面磨床surface grinder;外圆磨床cylindrical grinding machine ;内圆磨床internal cylindrical machine;成形磨床form grinding machine;仿形磨床copy grinding machine ;万能工具磨床universal tool grinding machine;六、拉削拉削broaching;拉床 broaching machine;拉刀 broaching tool;外表面拉削 external surface broaching;内表面拉削internal surface broaching;多功能机床 multifunction machine;多齿刀具 multitooth tool;切屑槽 chip gullet;七、刨削刨削planning;牛头刨床shaper;龙门刨床planer;龙门刨削 planning;旋臂刨床 radial drilling machine ;仿形刨床copy shaping machine;八、齿轮加工齿轮加工gear machining;齿轮 gear;滚齿 gear hobbing;滚齿刀 hobbing cutter;直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear; 斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical-spur gear;直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear ;齿轮齿条 pinion and rack;蜗杆蜗轮 worm and worm gear;九、螺纹加工螺纹加工thread machining;螺纹切削thread cutting;攻丝 tapping;丝锥tap;板牙die;螺钉 screw;标准件 standard component;位移 displacement ;截面 section;十、光整加工光整加工 micro finishing;研磨mull (lapping);研磨剂lapping compound;研磨膏paste;研磨机床lapping machine抛光polishing ;抛光膏buffing cream;抛光轮polishing wheel;抛光机polisher ;珩磨honing ;珩磨轮honing wheel;珩磨机床honing machine;超精加工机床 super finishing machine;超精加工super finish;第3章机械加工工艺过程机械加工工艺过程 machining process;工步 step of an operation;工位 work station;工序 process;工艺文件 manufacturing process document;工艺卡片 technological card;工艺规程 process plan;机械加工工艺卡machining process sheet;工艺设计 technological design;设计基准 designing datum;工艺基准 datum features in process;基准重合 consistency of datum feature;基面统一原则 unified datum principle;机械加工工序卡machining operation sheet;工艺过程设计process planning;;工艺路线process route;工艺过程卡process sheet;产品规格product specification;产品用途product use;产品责任product liability;生产线production line;生产进度计划production schedule;生产率productivity;批量生产batch production;第4章切削加工零件结构工艺性切削cutting;加工 machining;工件 workpiece;零件part;毛坯 rough;工艺性能 processing property;装配结构的合理性 rationality of assembly structure;零件结构合理性 rationality of detail structure;标准化 standardization;第5章先进制造技术先进制造技术Advanced Manufacturing Technology;信息技术information Technology;产品 product;设计 design；加工machining;检测check;管理manage;销售sell;使用use;服务serve;回收 reclaim;计算机集成制造系统Computer Integrated Manufacturing System（CIMS）;智能制造系统Intelligent Manufacturing System (IMS);精密工程 precise engineering;成组技术group technology;方式（法）methodology;柔性制造系统Flexible Manufacturing System（FMS）;数控机床numerically controlled machine tool;加工中心Machining Center（MC）;计算机数字控制computerized numerical control (CNC);自动换刀装置automatic tool changer（ATC）;直接数字控制Direct numerical control（DNC）;分布式数字控制Distributed numerical control（DNC）;群控DNC;单机自动化stand-alone automatization ;自动机床Automatic machine;组合机床 combination machine;专用机床special machine;NC钻床NC drilling machine ;NC磨床NC grinding machine ;NC车床NC lathe ;卧式加工制造中心horizontal machine center;立式加工制造中心 vertical machine center;车间shop floor;库存inventory;工艺process;分类classification;编码系统coding system;零件外型part configuration;工艺规划process planning;单元式制造cellular manufacturing;小车维修站Cart maintenance station;零件清洗站Parts wash station;装卸站Unload station;回收系统Recovery system;小车转弯站 Cart turnaround station；集成化integration ;协调tradeoff;成族零件family-of-part;换刀装置Tool changer;机床控制装置machine control unit;组装线 Assembly line;第6章先进制造运行模式先进制造运行模式Advanced Manufacturing Operation Model;计算机集成制造系统Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems（CIMS）;精益生产(LP亦称精良生产)Lean Production;敏捷制造Agile Manufacturing（AM）;绿色制造Green Manufacturing;计算机辅助设计Computer Aided Design(CAD);计算机辅助制造Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM);计算机辅助工艺过程设计Computer Aided process planning(CAPP);物料需求计划Material Requirements Planning（MRP）;计算机辅助教育Computer Aided Education (CAE);虚拟制造Virtual Manufacturing(VM);并行工程Concurrent Engineering (CE);面向装配的设计 Design For Assembly(DFA);面向制造的设计 Design For Manufacturing(DFM);第7章特种加工特种加工（NTM）Nontraditional Manufacturing;一、电火花加工电火花加工spark-erosion machining;电火花线切割加工 electrical discharge wire cutting;电火花穿孔spark-erosion drilling;电火花雕刻spark-erosion carving;二、电解加工电解加工Electrolytic machining;三、超声波加工超声波加工 Ultrasonic machining;变幅杆Transducer nose ;铜垫圈Copper washer;放大刀具夹持器Amplifying tool holder ;超声波振动Ultrasonic vibration;银钎焊Sliver braze;仿形刀具 Shaped tool;蜡焊缝Wax weld ;支持材料Backup material;磨料悬浮液Abrasive slurry;吸入管Suction line ;四、激光加工激光加工Laser processing;激光束加工Laser beam machining ;激光切割 laser cutting ;激光打孔 laser drilling;激光焊接 laser welding;。

ABC Classificati on ABC 分类法Activity-Based Costing 业务量成本法/作业成本法ACRS (Accelerated cost recovery system) 快速成本回收制度Actio n Message 行为/措施信息AIS (Acco unting in formati on system) 会计信息系统Allocati on 已分配量An ticipated Delay Report 拖期预报A/P (Accou nts Payable) 应付帐款APICS (America n Production & Inven tory Control Society) 美国生产及库存控制协会AQL (Acceptable quality Level) 可接受质量水平A/R (Accou nts Receivable) 应收帐款Automatic Rescheduli ng 自动重排产Available To Promise (APT) 可签约量Back flush 倒冲法Backlog未完成订单/未结订单Back Scheduli ng 倒序排产BE an alysis (Break-even an alysis) 盈亏临界点分析，保本分析Bill of Material (BOM) 物料清单Busin ess Pla n 经营规划B/V (Book value) 帐面价值Capacity Requireme nts Pla nning (CRP) 能力需求计划CBA (Cost-be nefit an alysis) 成本效益分析CEO首席执行官CFO (Chief Financial Officer) 财务总裁Closed Loop MRP 闭环物料需求计划CPM (Critical path method) 关键路线法CPP acco un ti ng (Con sta nt purchas ing power acco unting) 不变购买力会计Cumulative Lead Time 累计提前期Cycle Cou nting 周期盘点Dema nd 需求Dema nd Man ageme nt 需求管理Demon strated Capacity 实际能力Depe ndent Dema nd 非独立需求DFL (Degree of finan cial leverage) 财务杠杆系数Direct-deduct Inventory Tran sacti on Process ing 直接增减库存法Dispatch List 派工单DOL (Degree of operat ing leverage) 经营杠杆系数ELS (Eco no mic lot size) 经济批量EOQ (Eco no mic order qua ntity) 经济订货批量FIFO (Fist-i n. Fist-out) 先进先出法Firm Pla nned Order 确认计划订单FISH/LIFO (Fist-in, Still-here) 后进先出法Fixed Order Qua ntity 固定订货批量法Flow Shop 流水车间Focus Forecasti ng 集中预测Full Pegg ing 完全跟踪Gen erally Accepted Ma nu facturi ng Practices 公认生产管理原则In depe ndent Dema nd 独立需求In put/Output Co ntrol 投入/产出控制In terpla nt Dema nd 厂际需求Inventory Turnover 库存周转次数Item物料项目Item Record 项目记录Job Shop 加工车间Just-i n-time (JIT)准时制生产Lead Time 提前期前置期，指订单从收到具体明细到货到货仓收到落货纸这一段时间，可以用评估工厂的综合实力。

名词解释PDCAPDCA循环又叫质量环，是管理学中的一个通用模型，最早由休哈特于1930年构想，后来被美国质量管理专家戴明博士在1950年再度挖掘出来，并加以广泛宣传和运用于持续改善产品质量的过程。

基本解释PDCA是英语单词Plan(计划)、Do(执行)、Check(检查)和Action(行动)的第一个字母，PDCA循环就是按照这样的顺序进行质量管理，并且循环不止地进行下去的科学程序。

1、P(plan)计划，包括方针和目标的确定，以及活动规划的制定。

2、D(Do)执行，根据已知的信息，设计具体的方法、方案和计划布局；再根据设计和布局，进行具体运作，实现计划中的内容。

3、C(check)检查，总结执行计划的结果，分清哪些对了，哪些错了，明确效果，找出问题。

4、A(action)对总结检查的结果进行处理，对成功的经验加以肯定，并予以标准化；对于失败的教训也要总结，引起重视。

对于没有解决的问题，应提交给下一个PDCA循环中去解决。

以上四个过程不是运行一次就结束，而是周而复始的进行，一个循环完了，解决一些问题，未解决的问题进入下一个循环，这样阶梯式上升的。

PDCA循环是全面质量管理所应遵循的科学程序。

全面质量管理活动的全部过程，就是质量计划的制订和组织实现的过程，这个过程就是按照PDCA循环，不停顿地周而复始地运转的。

PDCA循环不仅在质量管理体系中运用，也适用于一切循序渐进的管理工作。

现代观点P（Planning）——计划职能包括三小部分：目标（goal）、实施计划（plan）、收支预算（budget）。

D（design)——设计方案和布局。

C（4C)——4C管理：Check（检查）、Communicate（沟通）、Clean（清理）、Control （控制）。

A（2A)——Act（执行，对总结检查的结果进行处理）、Aim（按照目标要求行事，如改善、提高）。

应用阶段1、计划阶段。

要通过市场调查、用户访问等，摸清用户对产品质量的要求，确定质量政策、质量目标和质量计划等。

船舶英语floating launch飘浮下⽔gravity launch重⼒下⽔grease launch油脂下⽔steel ball method of launch钢珠下⽔mechaniz launch机械化下⽔end launch纵向下⽔side launch横向下⽔incline launch倾斜下⽔jump launch跳跃式下⽔dipp launch跌⼊式下⽔two-point support launch两⽀点下⽔up to slipway上排marine slipway下⽔重量launch weight下⽔重量launch grease下⽔油脂pressure bear layer乘压层transitional layer过渡层slid layer滑动层weight of up to slipway上排重量lift by the stern尾浮lift尾浮fore poppet pressure前⽀架压⼒zone of pivot pressure action前⽀架压⼒作⽤区way end pressure滑道末端压⼒dropp⾸落bow drop⾸落dipp⾸沉tipp尾落launch poppet下⽔⽀架fore poppet前⽀架after poppet后⽀架launch beam下⽔横梁trigger⽌滑器check arrangement制动设施sub-assembl部件装配section assembl分段装配unit assembl分段装配berth assembl船台装配unit erection at berth船台装配sectional method of hull construction分段建造法block method of hull construction总段建造法horizontal method of hull construction⽔平建造法pyramid method of hull construction塔式建造法island method of hull construction岛式建造法upright method of hull section construction正装法upsidedown method of hull section construction倒装法sideward method of hull section construction侧装法join ship sections afloat⽔上合拢mould bed胎架jig胎架fixed mould bed固定胎架adjustable mould bed可调胎架positioner摇摆胎架tilt jig回转胎架tilt device回转装置specialized mould bed专⽤胎架bed mould胎板fabrication platform装焊平台electromagnetic platform电磁平台position strip定位马shore定位马electromagnetic strip电磁马jip for fitt-up T-sectionsT型材装焊机temporary stiffen bar临时加强材assembly frame假舱壁sub-assembly船体部件panel板列section分段assembly分段unit分段basic section基准分段join section嵌补分段flat section平⾯分段curved section曲⾯分段three-dimensional unit⽴体分段two-dimensional unit半⽴体分段block总段complete cross section总段section assembly flow line分段装配流⽔线lay-out for assembl装配划线sequence of erection and weld装配焊接顺序plate alignment拼板position定位frame r肋⾻框架reference line for assembl装配定位线seperate method of assembl分离装配法cell method of assembl放射式装配法interpolate method of assembl插⼊装配法centerlineof berth船台中⼼线sight column望⼴柱positioner for unit erection at berth船台装配定位器frame station line on berth船台肋⾻线light target光靶pre-set焊接反变形manual loft⼿⼯放样scale loft⽐例放样full scale loft实尺放样longitudinal shrink scale loft纵向缩尺放样fair光顺fairness光顺性deviation from offsets修正值coincide in three projection planes三⾯吻合lay off of hull lines型线放样mathematical loft数学放样mathematical lines数学型线mathematical fair of lines型线数学光顺sectional curved method剖⾯线法least square method最⼩⼆乘法linear programm method线形规划法variational method变分法curved surface method曲⾯法point by point method of modification逐点修改法local linear interpolation直尺卡样法elastic local linear interpolation卡尺回弹法bend-modify relaxation method弯调松弛法interpolation point正插点inversed interpolation point反插点line of intersect points⾓点线line of tangential points切点线line of centers圆⼼线localized fair局部光顺circular spline圆弧光顺spline function样条函数fitt拟合fitt to curved surface曲⾯拟合parametric curve with sle flecnode单拐参数曲线criterion of fairness光顺判别准则inflexion preservation保凹凸recurrent force回弹⼒coincident recurrent force正回弹⼒incoincident recurrent force返回弹⼒recurrent magnitude回弹量bend direction of curve弯向chang of curvature弯势excess flecnode多余拐点bad point坏点bad point interval坏点区discriminat function定改函数mathematical development of shell plate外板数学展开equation of frame肋⾻⽅程equation of longitudinal seam纵缝⽅程equation of transverse seam横缝⽅程differential geodesic line method微分测地线法tangential development method切⾯展开法thickness modification in plate development板厚修正shipbuild information data process造船信息数据处理系统mathematical loft system for pip管路数放系统graphic data process system图⽰数据处理系统line fair program型线光顺程序seam arrangement program板缝排列程序shell plate development program外板展开程序mathematical seam arrangement板缝数学排列nest program套料程序structural process program结构处理程序nest mathematical process套料数学处理structural mathematical process结构数学处理tape out-put program纸带输出程序draw process program绘图处理程序numerical controlled draw 数控绘图data treatment and memory program数据处理和存储程序station No站号frame No肋⾻号contour line外廓线shell pate development外板展开dutum line准线mean normal method准线展开法center spot squar method⼗字线展开法geodesic line测地线geodesic line development method测地线展开法frame section surface肋⾻平⾯normal plane of shell plate外板法⾯trible of buttock lines纵剖线族tribe of body lines横剖线族tribe of water lines⽔线族camber table梁拱表frame interpolation肋⾻插值frame body plan肋⾻型线图returned table of offsets完⼯型值表finished table of offsets完⼯型值表draft mark吃⽔标志paint line⽔线标志structural member loft结构放样edge line接⼝线upper edge line上⼝线lower edge line下⼝线seam arrangement板缝排列longitudinal seam纵向接缝transverse seam横向接缝curved surface development曲⾯展开structural member development构件展开curvature of frame肋⾻弯度jig for plate development外板展开器selected mould sectionprojected frame line on selected mould section改型肋⾻型线diagonal check methods对⾓线检查法sketch for mark off号料草图template draw样板图scale draw transparency投影底图glass negative投影底⽚profile draw仿形图bridge line连割线template样板mould样板mock-up样箱cradle mould样箱batten样条mould bar洋棒multi-shape template格⼦样板adjustable mould可调样板triangular template三⾓加⼯样板beam mould梁拱样板frame mould肋⾻洋板section mould加⼯洋板template for secondary mark装配划线样板angular template for assembl装配夹⾓样板adjustable angular template可调⾓度样板template for mark-off号料样板loft office放样间loft floor样台scale loft table⽐例放样台manual mark-off⼿⼯号料mark-off from templates样板号料mark-off from mould bars样棒号料mark-off from moulds样箱号料mark-off from sketches草图号料secondary mark-off⼆次号料nest套料mark signs号料符号fram line构架线automatic mark-off⾃动号料projection mark投影号料projection tower投影塔projection room投影室projection mark table投影号料台positive projection正⽚投影negative projection负⽚投影image distortion影像畸变absolute distortion绝对畸变relative distortion相对畸变pincushion distortion枕形畸变barrel distortion桶形畸变photosensitive mark感光号料facsimile mark电传真号料facsimile mark machine电传真号料机electro-print mark电印号料electro-print mark apparatus电印号料装置synchronized scann projection同步扫描投影photo-conductive powder光电粉末electrostatic latent image静电潜像NCshapes mark machine数控型材号料pneumatic mark punch风动号料冲头shipbuild technolgy造船⼯艺two-part construction两段造船法method of build ship in two sections两段造船法tandem shipbuild method串联造船法technology of hull construction船体建造⼯艺loft放样mark off号料hull steel fabrication⾦属船体加⼯assembly and erection船体装配weld焊接launch下⽔outfitt and machinery installation船舶设备和系统安装pre-erection outfitt预安装outfitt and machinery installation on berth船台安装quay outfitt and installation码头安装dock outfitt and installation船坞安装unit outfitt单元安装unit pre-outfitt单元预装bollard test系泊实验sea trial航⾏实验construction start date建造开⼯⽇time on build berth船台周期shipbuild period造船周期launched displacement of ships下⽔量ship output船舶产量ship delivery交船operation stage⼯艺阶段operation items⼯艺项⽬operational path⼯艺路线technological process⼯艺过程technological instruction⼯艺规程method plann of ship construction原则⼯艺standard technological procedure典型⼯艺operation items detail chart⼯艺项⽬明细表master schedule总⼯艺进度表"positional flow" method流⽔定位法"specialized gang" method流⽔定员法edge preparation边缘加⼯individuals of hull structure船体零件symbols for hull steel fabrication船体加⼯符号groove preparation坡⼝加⼯edge plann刨边edge mill铣边edge grind磨边carbon arc air goug碳弧⽓刨plate-edge planer刨边机plate-edge miller铣边机shear剪切roll shear滚剪blank冲切scarf削斜flame cutt⽕焰切割plasma cutt等离⼦切割arc air cutt电弧⽓割gas cutt⽓割oxy cutt氧⽭切割oxy-flux cutt氧熔剂切割laser cutt激光切割under water cutt⽔下切割stack cutt迭板切割shear squence剪切顺序drag后拖量shear machine剪床guillotine龙门剪床roll shear machine滚剪机disk shear圆盘剪circular shear圆盘剪nibbl machine振动剪床shear and punch machine联合冲剪机semi-automatic gas cutt machine半⾃动⽓割机gantry type semi-automatic gas cutt machine半⾃动桥式⽓割机semi-automatic gas cutt machine for mark circular shape半⾃动割圆机semi-automatic multitorch gas cutt machine半⾃动多炬⽓割机全位置仿形⽓割机all position copy gas cutt machine全位置仿形⽓割机automatic gas cutt machine⾃动⽓割机profile gas cutt machine靠模⽓割机copy gas cutt machine靠模⽓割机photo-electric trac gas cutt machine光电跟踪⽓割机photo-electric linefollow gas cutt machine光电跟线⽓割机NCgas cutt machine数控⽓割机NCuniversal gas cutt machine数控通⽤⽓割机cutt torch割炬cutt nozzle割嘴preheat⽓割预热roll bend滚弯press bend压弯knuckle折⾓angle bend less than 90折锐⾓angle bend greater than 90折钝⾓flang折边die bend强制弯曲free bend⾃由弯曲concave bend of frame⾻材内弯convex bend of frame⾻材外弯length wise wavws around edge皱折minimum bend radius最⼩弯曲半径pre-bend预弯surplus straight edge剩余直边spr back弯曲回弹rubber mold form橡⽪模成型spinn旋压flow form旋压bulg胀形shot blast form喷丸成型stretch metal in center portion of sheet放中tight metal in center portion of sheet收中stretch metal around edges of sheet放边tight metal around edges of sheet收边hammer solidly around edges of sheet拨缘channell压筋rectification of distortion矫形rectification of distortion by flame⽕⼯矫形rectification of distortion by flame heat and water cool⽔⽕矫形hot form⼤⽕成形line heat form⽔⽕成形heat line加热线heated-side cool method正⾯⽔冷法back-side cool method背⾯⽔冷法width of heat affect zone热影响区宽度length of heat line焰道长度heat speed热源速度flame power⽕焰功率angular distortion⾓变形explosion form爆炸成形unconfined system explosion form⽆模爆炸成形three-roll bend machine三辊弯板机shipyard roll press造船⽤滚压两⽤机shipyard combined plate bend and flang machine造船⽤滚压两⽤机four-roll bend machine四辊弯板机press压⼒机hydraulic press with adjustable head for ship use造船⽤压头可移式液压机three-row plunger type press三排柱塞式弯板机multi-plunger hydraulic press多柱塞式弯板机NChydraulic press数控成形液压机sail-shaped plate帆形板saddle-shaped plate鞍形板screw-shaped plate螺形板corrugated plate波形板channelled plate槽形板cylindrical shaped plate桶形板conical shaped plate锥形板spherical shaped plate球形板pure bend纯弯板concentrated force bend集中⼒弯曲stretch bend拉弯torsional deflection旁弯变形cold frame bend machine肋⾻冷弯机frame roll machine肋⾻滚弯机frame stretch bend machine肋⾻拉弯机cold frame bend machine with-adjustable die可调模具式肋⾻冷弯机cold frame bend machine with multiplungers多压头式肋⾻冷弯机three cylinder frame bend machine三缸肋⾻冷弯机frame pure-bend machine纯弯曲肋⾻冷弯机frame bend machine of medium frequency induction heat中频肋⾻热弯机NCcold frame bend machine数控肋⾻弯曲机concave bend frame内弯肋⾻convex bend frame 外弯肋⾻s-bend frameS-形肋⾻steel pretreatment刚材预处理steel levell and straighten钢材矫正levell of piates钢板矫平mangle辊式矫平机plate straightener辊式矫平机straighten of shapes型钢矫直shapes straighten machine型钢矫直机steel preheat钢材预热rust removal of steel钢材除锈abrasive blast喷射除锈abrasive磨料shot blast抛丸除锈shot blast machine抛丸除锈机shot blast room抛丸室abrasive impeller抛丸器automatic primer spray⾃动喷涂底漆chemical clean化学除锈acid clean of steel酸洗除锈pickl酸洗处理dip pickl浸渍酸洗spray pickl喷淋酸洗neutraliz中和处理passivat钝化处理phosphat磷化处理pickl bath酸洗池pickl waste treatment废酸液处理acid pickl inhibitor酸洗缓蚀剂vacu-blast clean真空喷射除锈arc rust removal电⽕花除锈mechanical rust removal机械除锈secondary rust removal⼆次除锈shot peen喷丸除锈sand blast喷沙除锈wet sand blast湿喷沙除锈spray pickl in circulation循环喷射酸洗acid paste pickl化学膏除锈hydroblast⾼压⽔除锈flame clean⽕焰除锈remote control descal machine遥控除锈机adjust needle cleaner针束除锈器stripp film clean可剥性薄膜除锈section shot-blast分段抛丸除锈section shot-peen分段喷丸除锈section pickl分段酸洗除锈shot-peen room喷丸间brush paint刷涂spray pant喷涂airless spray paint⽆空⽓喷涂electrostatic spray静电喷涂agent for electrostaic spray静电喷涂助剂electrocoat电泳涂漆flow line of pickl酸洗磷化电泳涂漆流⽔线phosphat and electrocoat酸洗磷化电泳涂漆流⽔线abrasive磨料abrasive blast喷射除锈abrasive impeller抛丸器absolute distortion绝对畸变acceptance document验收移交书acceptance of shaft轴系安装验收acid clean of steel酸洗除锈acid paste pickl化学膏除锈acid pickl inhibitor酸洗缓蚀剂actual throat thickness焊缝厚度additional test复验adjustable angular template可调⾓度样板adjustable block机械墩adjustable mould可调样板adjustable mould bed可调胎架adjust needle cleaner针束除锈器after poppet后⽀架agent for electrostaic spray静电喷涂助剂ahead and astern reach measurement惯性试验air tight test of pipeline管路⽓密实验airless spray paint⽆空⽓喷涂alignment找正alignment by flanges直接找正alignment of bottom cas and bear seat下⽓缸和轴承座找正all position copy gas cutt machine全位置仿形⽓割机all position weld全位置焊接anchor test in trial锚设备效⽤实验angle bend greater than 90折钝⾓angle bend less than 90折锐⾓angular distortion⾓变形angular template for assembl装配夹⾓样板anneal weld退⽕焊approved certificate for product产品合格证arc air cutt电弧⽓割arc blow磁偏吹arc clean action阴极破碎arc length弧长arc rust removal电⽕花除锈arc strike引弧arc weld电弧焊arcvoltage电弧电压argon arc weld氩弧焊assembl error装配误差assembl on board上船组装assembly分段assembly and erection船体装配assembly frame假舱壁automatic gas cutt machine⾃动⽓割机automatic primer spray⾃动喷涂底漆automatic weld⾃动焊automatic weld in vertical position垂直⾃动焊auxiliary boiler test辅锅炉试验average linear load平均线负荷back chipp清根back goug清根back run打底焊back settl回淤back weld打底焊backfire回⽕back weld封底焊bad point坏点bad point interval坏点区band test弯曲试验bank slope驳岸barrel distortion桶形畸变base line基准线base metal母材basic covered electrode碱性焊条basic section基准分段basin港池batten样条beam mould梁拱样板beams gate迭梁式坞门bear metal cracks轴承龟裂bed mould胎板bend direction of curve弯向bend of pipewith core有芯弯管bend prior to weld先弯后焊berth船台berth assembl船台装配berth force挤靠⼒bevel angle坡⼝⾓度bilge block舭墩blade rust叶⾯锈斑blade tip deflection螺旋桨叶稍上翘blank冲切block总段block load搁顿负荷block method of hull construction总段建造法block sequence分段多层焊blocks墩blocks with sand box沙箱墩blowhole⽓孔blow吹车boat tank跳船boiler burner test锅炉燃烧器试验boiler water fill上⽔（锅炉）bollard test系泊实验bonded flux陶质焊剂bonded slag粘渣bond of plastic pipe塑料管粘接bond of propeller to shaft螺旋桨胶合联接bor for shaft line轴系镗孔bow drop⾸落box包⾓焊braz钎焊braz filler metal钎料braz flux钎剂break test for anchor chain锚链拉断实验breakwater防波堤bridge approach引桥bridge gauge桥规bridge line连割线brush paint刷涂build berth造船台build dock造船坞bulg胀形burn loss烧损burn of bear metal⽩合⾦烧熔butt joint对接接头butt weld对接焊缝butter预堆边焊caisson坞门camber table梁拱表cambered way弧形滑道canalled dock运河式船坞cantilever end load悬臂端负荷carbon arc air goug碳弧⽓刨carbon equivalent炭当量cargo handl test起重设备负荷试验cast of propeller in metal patten螺旋桨⾦属型铸造cell method of assembl放射式装配法center block for shaft alignment轴系中⼼定位块center line strip on berth船台中⼼线板center spot squar method⼗字线展开法center校中center of mov parts运动件校中center of shaft by indicators指针法轴系校中center of shaft by light光学法轴系校中center of shaft by ruler and gauge直尺和厚薄规法轴系校中center of shaft轴系校中center of shaft by calculation method计算法轴系校中center of shaft by direct connection平轴法轴系校中center of shaft by load method轴承负荷法轴系校中center or rotor转⼦校中centerline of berth船台中⼼线centrifugal cast of propeller螺旋桨离⼼铸造ceramic flux陶质焊剂chain intermittent fillet weld对称间断焊缝chang of curvature弯势channelled plate槽形板channell压筋check of axial clearance轴向间隙确定check of dynamic balance of rotor转⼦校动平衡check of play between piston and cylinder cover校⽓缸余隙check of propeller pitch螺旋桨螺距校正check of reference center line中⼼线测量check of the tappet clearance校⽓门间隙check arrangement制动设施check of bear clearance with lead压铅法check of propeller pitch螺旋桨螺距检验check of surface in contact by mark compound涂⾊油法chemical analysis化学分析chemical clean化学除锈circular shear圆盘剪circular spline圆弧光顺circumferential weld环焊缝CO2 weld⼆氧化碳⽓体保护焊coat药⽪coincide in three projection planes三⾯吻合coincident recurrent force正回弹⼒cold bend of pipe管⼦冷弯cold crack冷裂缝cold frame bend machine肋⾻冷弯机cold frame bend machine with multiplungers多压头式肋⾻冷弯机complete cross section总段complete engine set installation整机安装complete fusion焊透compressed air test⽓压实验concave bend frame内弯肋⾻concave bend of frame⾻材内弯concentrated force bend集中⼒弯曲configuration of bent pipe管⼦弯势conical shaped plate锥形板connection weld联系焊缝construction start date建造开⼯⽇consumable guide electroslag weld熔嘴电渣焊consumables焊接材料continuous weld连续焊缝continuous weld连续焊contour line外廓线convex bend frame 外弯肋⾻convex bend of frame⾻材外弯copper back铜垫copper shoe铜滑块copy gas cutt machine靠模⽓割机core wire焊芯core wire diameter焊条直径coreless bend of pipe⽆⼼弯管corner joint⾓接接头corrugated plate波形板course keep test航向稳定性试验covered berth室内船台covered electrode焊条cover药⽪crack sensitivity焊接裂缝敏感性crack test抗裂试验crack test with 500x2000mm test pieces⼤板对接抗裂试验cradle mould样箱crater弧坑crater crack弧坑裂缝cribb井字墩criterion of acceptance of radiographic examination of welded seam焊缝质量射线检查评定标准criterion of fairness光顺判别准则criterion of ultrasonic examination of welded seam焊缝超声波探伤标准cruciform crack test⼗字接头抗裂试验cruciform joint⼗字接头curvature of frame肋⾻弯度curved section曲⾯分段curved surface development曲⾯展开curved surface method曲⾯法cutt nozzle割嘴cutt torch割炬cylindrical shaped plate桶形板data treatment and memory program数据处理和存储程序dead center gauge⽌点规defective items after inspection废品通知单deflection of main journal主轴颈下沉量degree of mechanization in weld焊接机械化程度deposited metal熔敷⾦属deposition rate熔敷系数depth of fusion熔深design element of weld焊缝结构要素design throat thickness焊缝计算厚度design water lever设计⽔位destructive examination破坏性检验detectaphone侦听起detection sensitivity探伤仪灵敏度determination of center line and axis找中determination of center line or axis找中determination of shaft linep轴系找中deviation from offsets修正值diagonal check methods对⾓线检查法dial gauge for measur of crank spread曲轴量表die bend强制弯曲differential geodesic line method微分测地线法diffusible hydrogen content扩散氢含量dip pickl浸渍酸洗dip transfer短路过渡dipp⾸沉dipp launch跌⼊式下⽔discriminat function定改函数disk shear圆盘剪dock船坞dock bottom坞底dock entrance坞⼝dock head坞⾸dock outfitt and installation船坞安装dock sill坞坎dock wall坞壁dockgate坞门dockgate channel门槽dock weight进坞重量dolphin pier靠船墩double bevel grooveK型坡⼝draft mark吃⽔标志drag后拖量draw process program绘图处理程序drop test for anchor锚投落试验dropp⾸落dry dock⼲坞dry extension of electrode焊丝⼲伸长dutum line准线dynamic characteristic电源动特性dynamic test of propeller螺旋桨浆动平衡试验dynamometer测功器eccentricity偏⼼度edge grind磨边edge joint端接接头edge line接⼝线edge mill铣边edge plann刨边edge preparation边缘加⼯elastic local linear interpolation卡尺回弹法electric dynamometer电⼒测功器electrocoat电泳涂漆electrode diameter焊条直径electrode extension焊丝伸出长度electrode for vertical down weld下⾏焊条electrode negative正接electrode positive反接electromagnetic platform电磁平台electromagnetic strip电磁马electronbeam weld电⼦束焊electronic indicator电⼦⽰功器electroslag weld电渣焊electroslag weld with plate electrode板极电渣焊electroslag weld with wire electrode丝极电渣焊electrostatic latent image静电潜像electrostatic spray静电喷涂elevation⽔位emergency drain test应急疏⽔实验enclosed weld强迫成形焊end launch纵向下⽔equation of frame肋⾻⽅程equation of longitudinal seam纵缝⽅程equation of transverse seam横缝⽅程equilibrium tide平潮evaluation test of power plant on board动⼒装置实船鉴定试验examination of opened up parts拆验examination of ream紧配螺栓配合检查excess flecnode多余拐点excess of water过⽔excess weld metal加强⾼expander胀管器explosion expand of pipe爆炸胀管explosion form爆炸成形explosive weld爆炸焊接exposed berth露天船台external characteristic电源外特性fabrication platform装焊平台facsimile mark电传真号料facsimile mark machine电传真号料机fair光顺fairness光顺性fatigue test疲劳试验filler metal填充⾦属filler wire焊丝fillet weld⾓焊缝fillet weld in flat position船形焊fillet weld Tee bend testT型接头弯曲试验fillet weld⾓焊final cutt of pipe割管finished table of offsets完⼯型值表firecracker weld躺焊first product inspection⾸件检验FISCO type crack test加压固定对接抗裂试验fishbone crack test鱼⾻型抗裂试验fitt拟合fitt of compreg层压胶⽊镶嵌fitt of lignumvitae铁梨⽊镶嵌fitt of rubber seal r in stern tube尾轴管衬套橡胶嵌套fitt to curved surface曲⾯拟合fixed foot bridge固定引桥fixed mould bed固定胎架flame bend of pipe⽕焰弯管flame clean⽕焰除锈flame cutt⽕焰切割flame power⽕焰功率flangeless joint⽆法兰联接flang折边flap gate卧倒式坞门flash back回⽕flat position weld平焊flat section平⾯分段flatten test⾦属管压扁试验float caisson浮箱式坞门float launch飘浮下⽔float spar fender浮式护⽊flood dock注⽔式船坞flood test灌⽔法flow form旋压flow line of pickl酸洗磷化电泳涂漆流⽔线flow rate of shield gas保护⽓体流量flux焊剂flux back焊剂垫fog test⽓雾法fore poppet前⽀架fore poppet pressure前⽀架压⼒formation of weld寒风成形frame bend machine of medium frequency induction heat中频肋⾻热弯机frame body plan肋⾻型线图frame interpolation肋⾻插值frame lines肋⾻检验线frame mould肋⾻洋板frame No肋⾻号frame r肋⾻框架frame roll machine肋⾻滚弯机frame section surface肋⾻平⾯frame station line on berth船台肋⾻线frame stretch bend machine肋⾻拉弯机fram line构架线free bend⾃由弯曲free runn空车运转freeboard measurement of life boat救⽣艇⼲舷测定full penetration焊透full scale loft实尺放样fume of weld焊接烟尘furnace brickwork炉墙砌筑furnace explosion dur light up冷爆fused flux熔炼焊剂gallery廊道gantry龙门架gap两轴曲折gas cutt⽓割gas inflation liferaft test⽓胀式救⽣筏试验gas metal arc weld熔化级⽓体保护焊gas mixture metal arc weld混合⽓体保护焊gas pore⽓孔gas tightness⽓密性gas tungsten arc weld⾮熔化级⽓体保护焊gas weld⽓焊gate chamber门库gate channel for repair修理门槽gate pier门墩generat set portion of bollard test发电机组系泊试验generat set portion of trial test发电机组航⾏试验geodesic line测地线geodesic line development method测地线展开法glass negative投影底⽚globular transfer⼤滴过渡graphic data process system图⽰数据处理系统gravity launch重⼒下⽔gravity weld重⼒焊grease launch油脂下⽔groove坡⼝groove angle坡⼝⾓度groove depth坡⼝深度groove preparation坡⼝加⼯groove radius坡⼝半径guided bend of pipe靠模弯管guillotine龙门剪床hammer solidly around edges of sheet拨缘handl test of life boat救⽣艇和⼯作艇降落试验hard solder钎料hardness test硬度试验hardness test of weld zone焊接接头硬度试验heat affected zone热影响区heat input线能量heat line加热线heat speed热源速度hell test倾斜试验high frequency bend of pipe⾼频弯管hogg拱曲horizontal build berth⽔平船台horizontal method of hull construction⽔平建造法horizontal position weld横焊hot bend of pipe管⼦热弯hot crack热裂缝hot form⼤⽕成形hot wire submerged arc weld预热焊丝埋弧焊hull steel fabrication⾦属船体加⼯hydraulic bend of pipe液压弯管hydraulic dynamometer⽔⼒测功器hydraulic press with adjustable head for ship use造船⽤压头可移式液压机hydraulic subassembly for crankshaft曲轴液压套合hydraulic test of boiler锅炉⽔压实验hydraulic test of pipeline管路液压实验hydroblast⾼压⽔除锈hydrogen content in welds焊缝氢含量idl惰转image distortion影像畸变impact force撞击⼒impact test冲击实验imperfection in bond轴承脱壳incline launch倾斜下⽔inclined build berth倾斜船台inclined Tee joint斜接接头incoincident recurrent force返回弹⼒incomplete fusion未焊透indicator⽰功器individuals of hull structure船体零件inflexion preservation保凹凸insert pipe嵌补管inspection勘验inspection of levelness⽔平度测量inspection by mould bar样条法检验inspection by sketch method草图法检验inspection by templet样板法检验inspection dur hull steel fabrication船体零部件加⼯检验inspection of abutt edges of block总段对接检验inspection of block总段装配检验inspection of center line of build berth船台中⼼线测量inspection of draft mark and loaded water linesinspection of frame spac肋⾻间距测量inspection of groove坡⼝测量inspection of hull deformation after launch全船校正检查inspection of hull form after completion船体完⼯测量inspection of hull lines线型检验inspection of hull loft船体放样检验inspection of install of propeller螺旋桨安装检查inspection of mould bed胎架检验inspection of mount of bear seats轴承座安装检验inspection of panel平⾯分段检验inspection of permanent ballast before launch下⽔压载检查inspection of preassembled frame r肋⾻框架装配检验inspection of ship structure全船结构检查inspection of squar accuracy⾓尺线检查inspection of three dimensional unit⽴体分段检验inspection of thrust block推⼒块厚度检查inspection of vertical surface垂直度测量inspection on development of structural members船体构件展开检验inspection on shell plate development外板展开检验installation of boiler锅炉安装installation of desel engine柴油机安装installation of main engine主机安装installation of marine power plant船舶动⼒装置安装installation of pip管系安装installation of pip unit管系单元安装installation of shaft轴系安装installation of turbine汽轮机安装interlayer temperature层间温度intermittent weld间断焊缝interpass temperature层间温度interpolate method of assembl插⼊装配法interpolation point正插点inversed interpolation point反插点iron powder electrode铁粉焊条iron wedge楔铁island method of hull construction岛式建造法items for acceptance of vessel验收项⽬jetty突堤码头jig胎架jig for plate development外板展开器join lines for hull assembly船体装配对合线join section嵌补分段join ship sections afloat⽔上合拢jump launch跳跃式下⽔keel block龙⾻墩knuckle折⾓knuckl line slipway折线滑道lack of fusion未焊透lagg of boiler锅炉绝热层包扎lamellar tear层状撕裂land tie拉桩lap joint搭接接头laser alignment激光找正laser cutt激光切割launched displacement of ships下⽔量launch下⽔launch beam下⽔横梁launch grease下⽔油脂launch poppet下⽔⽀架launch way滑道launch weight下⽔重量layer焊层lay off of hull lines型线放样least square method最⼩⼆乘法leg of fillet weld焊脚length of heat line焰道长度length wise wavws around edge皱折levell找平levell by level gauge液⾯法找⽔平levell of engine bed机座找平levell of foundation机座找平levell of piates钢板矫平lifebuoy test救⽣圈试验lift by the stern尾浮lift尾浮light target光靶line fair program型线光顺程序line heat form⽔⽕成形line of centers圆⼼线line of intersect points⾓点线line of tangential points切点线line outs of ship equipments船舶综合放样linear porosity链状⽓孔linear programm method线形规划法listen侦听listen rod听⾳棒local linear interpolation直尺卡样法localized fair局部光顺localized porosity密集⽓孔loft放样loft floor样台loft office放样间longitudinal bead bend test纵向焊道弯曲试验longitudinal bead notched bend test纵向焊道缺⼝弯曲试验longitudinal seam纵向接缝longitudinal shrink scale loft纵向缩尺放样longitudinal slipway纵向滑道longitudinal weld纵向焊缝low pressure cast of propeller螺旋桨低压铸造lower edge line下⼝线lowest pressure curve of compartments舱室最⼩压⼒曲线magnetic detection磁性探伤main boiler test主锅炉试验main engine portion of bollard test主机系泊试验main engine portion of trial test主机航向实验mangle辊式矫平机manipulation of electrode运条⽅式manual bend of pipe⼿⼯弯管manual emergency anchor test⼈⼒应急起锚试验manual emergency steer test⼈⼒应急操舵试验manual loft⼿⼯放样manual metal arc weld⼿弧焊manual weld⼿⼯焊marginal wharf顺岸码头marine slipway下⽔重量mark for pipes管⼦划线mark for shaft bor轴系孔划线mark off号料mark signs号料符号master schedule总⼯艺进度表match key on propeller shaft推进器轴配件mathematical development of shell plate外板数学展开mathematical fair of lines型线数学光顺mathematical lines数学型线mathematical loft数学放样mathematical loft system for pip管路数放系统mathematical seam arrangement板缝数学排列maximum linear load最⼤线负荷mean normal method准线展开法measurement of curvature of frame肋⾻弯度测量measurement of finished propeller螺旋桨完⼯测量measurement of fit clearance of propeller螺旋桨配合间隙测量measurement of fit clearance of shaft轴系安装间隙测量measurement of fit clearance of sterntube推进器轴安装间隙测量measur error测量误差measur of crank spread曲轴臂距差测量mechanial bend of pipe机械弯管mechanical blocks机械墩mechanical expand of pipe机械胀管mechanical indicator机械⽰功器mechanical rust removal机械除锈mechanized slipway机械化道脂mechanized weld机械化焊接mechaniz launch机械化下⽔medium frequency bend of pipe中频弯管melt rate熔化系数metal transfer熔滴过渡method of build ship in two sections两段造船法method plann of ship construction原则⼯艺MIG weld熔化级⽓体保护焊mill铣切。

sap系统编码中常用的英语
SAP系统编码是SAP软件中重要的组成部分，它用于描述不同的对象和过程。

在SAP系统编码中，英语是最常用的语言。

以下是一些在SAP系统编码中常用的英语词汇及其含义：
1. Material number: 物料号码。

它是SAP系统中一个物料的唯一标识符。

2. Vendor: 供应商。

它是向公司提供产品或服务的个人或组织。

3. Customer: 客户。

它是购买公司产品或服务的个人或组织。

4. Sales order: 销售订单。

它是客户和公司之间的商业协议，规定了销售的产品、数量、价格和交货日期等信息。

5. Purchase order: 采购订单。

它是公司向供应商发出的商业协议，规定了采购的产品、数量、价格和交货日期等信息。

6. Invoice: 发票。

它是供应商向客户提供的付款要求，表明了交易的详细信息。

7. Payment terms: 付款条件。

它是在销售订单或采购订单中规定的客户或供应商的付款方式和时间。

8. Production order: 生产订单。

它是公司向工厂发出的指示，要求生产特定数量的产品。

9. BOM (Bill of Materials): 物料清单。

它是指生产产品所需的所有原材料、组件和部件的列表。

10. Routing: 工艺路线。

它是生产特定产品所需的工序和步骤的顺序列表。

以上这些英语词汇在SAP系统编码中非常常用，熟练掌握这些词汇将有助于更好地理解和使用SAP系统。

有关企业管理方面的英语专业词汇集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-ABC Classification ABC分类法Activity-Based Costing 业务量成本法/作业成本法ACRS (Accelerated cost recovery system) 快速成本回收制度Action Message 行为/措施信息AIS (Accounting information system) 会计信息系统Allocation 已分配量Anticipated Delay Report 拖期预报A/P (Accounts Payable) 应付帐款APICS (American Production & Inventory Control Society) 美国生产及库存控制协会AQL (Acceptable quality Level) 可接受质量水平A/R (Accounts Receivable) 应收帐款Automatic Rescheduling 自动重排产Available To Promise (APT) 可签约量Back flush 倒冲法Backlog 未完成订单/未结订单Back Scheduling 倒序排产BE analysis (Break-even analysis) 盈亏临界点分析，保本分析Bill of Material (BOM) 物料清单Business Plan 经营规划B/V (Book value) 帐面价值Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) 能力需求计划CBA (Cost-benefit analysis) 成本效益分析CEO 首席执行官CFO (Chief Financial Officer) 财务总裁Closed Loop MRP 闭环物料需求计划CPM (Critical path method) 关键路线法CPP accounting (Constant purchasing power accounting) 不变购买力会计Cumulative Lead Time 累计提前期Cycle Counting 周期盘点Demand 需求Demand Management 需求管理Demonstrated Capacity 实际能力Dependent Demand 非独立需求DFL (Degree of financial leverage) 财务杠杆系数Direct-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing 直接增减库存法 Dispatch List 派工单DOL (Degree of operating leverage) 经营杠杆系数ELS (Economic lot size) 经济批量EOQ (Economic order quantity) 经济订货批量FIFO (Fist-in, Fist-out) 先进先出法Firm Planned Order 确认计划订单FISH/LIFO (Fist-in, Still-here) 后进先出法Fixed Order Quantity 固定订货批量法Flow Shop 流水车间Focus Forecasting 集中预测Full Pegging 完全跟踪Generally Accepted Manufacturing Practices 公认生产管理原则Independent Demand 独立需求Input/Output Control 投入/产出控制Interplant Demand 厂际需求Inventory Turnover 库存周转次数Item 物料项目Item Record 项目记录Job Shop 加工车间Just-in-time (JIT) 准时制生产Lead Time 提前期前置期，指订单从收到具体明细到货到货仓收到落货纸这一段时间，可以用评估工厂的综合实力。

精心整理声明：此资料本人借鉴了网上可查的资料，进行了编辑整。

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工业工程Industrial Engineering人力资源human resources土木工程civil engineering机械工程mechanical engineering电力工程electrical engineering电子工程electronic engineering化学工程chemical engineering道德规范 a code of ethics制造系统manufacturing system可变工艺路线variable routing固定工艺路线fixed routing成组技术Group Technology计算机集成制造系统Computer IntegratedManufacturing System柔性制造系统Flexible Manufacturing System敏捷制造Agile Manufacturing网络化制造E-manufacturing人体测量学anthropometry装配线assembly line生产线production line企业管理business management单元生产cell production工厂布局factory layout单元式布局cellular layout混合式布局hybrid layout工艺式布局process layout产品式布局product layout固定场所布局fixed position layout分类方法classification method经济批量economic batching quantity人类工程学ergonomics一般经济状况general economic conditions 工业化industrialization库存inventory精益生产lean production 物料需求计划Material Requirement Planning制造资源计划Manufacturing Resource Planning方法研究method study工艺程序图Operation process chart流程程序图Flow process chart线路图Flow diagram程序分析Process analysis操作分析operation analysis动作分析motion analysis计算机辅助设计Computer-Aided Design运筹学operations research管理科学management science社会科学social science控制论cybernetics资本密集型服务capital-intensive services劳动力密集型服务labor-intensive services 标准化服务standardized services定制化服务customized services生产计划production planning生产流程production process生产调度production scheduling需求预测requirement forecasting销售订单sales order在制品work in process定量预测方法quantitative forecasting methods定性预测方法qualitative forecasting methods物流管理Logistics management供应链管理supply chain management质量管理quality management项目管理project management人力资源human resourcess。

七.QS-9000中的术语APQP Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control Plan,产品质量先期策划和控制计划uPPAP Production Part Approval Process,生产件批准程序FMEA Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis,潜在失效模式及后果分析MSA Measure System Analysis,测量系统分析SPC Statistical Process Control,统计过程控制审核Audit能力Capability能力指数Capability Indices控制计划Control Plans 纠正措施Corrective Action 文件Documentation作业指导书Job Instruction, work instruction 不合格品Nonconformance不合格Nonconformity每百万零件不合格数Defective Parts Per Million, DPPM预防措施Preventive Action 程序Procedures 过程流程图Process Flow Diagram, Process Flow Chart质量手册Quality Manual质量计划Quality Plan质量策划Quality Planning质量记录Quality Records原始数据Raw Data反应计划Reaction Plan返修Repair o返工Rework现场Site分承包方Subcontractors产品product质量quality质量要求quality requirement顾客满意customer satisfaction质量管理体系quality management system 质量方针quality policy质量目标quality objective质量管理quality management质量控制quality control质量保证quality assurance 组织organization顾客customer供方supplier过程process月艮务service设计与开发design and development：特性characteristic可追溯性trace ability合格conformity缺陷defect纠正correction让步concession放彳亍release报废scrap规范specification检验inspection试验test验证verification评审review测量measurement计数型数据Attributes Data普通原因Common Cause单值Individual均值Mean随机抽样Random Sampling极差Range特殊原因Special Cause稳定性Stability子组Subgroup计量型数据variables Data变差variation固有变差Inherent variation总变差Total variation偏倚Bias重复性Repeatability再现性Reproducibility稳定性Stability线性Linearity分辨率Resolution过程更改Process change质量功能展开QFD过程特殊特性Special Process Characteristic 产品特殊特性Special Product Characteristic 外观项目Appearance Item初始过程能力Preliminary Process Capability 材料清单Bill of Material设计确认Design Validation设计验证Design Verification顾客的呼声Voice of the Customer 过程的呼声Voice of the Process 八.常用缩略词语1、ES 工程规范Engineering Specification2、KCC 关键控制特性（GM）Key Control Characteristic3、KPC 关键产品特性（GM）Key Product Characteristic4、OEM 整车厂Original Equipment Manufacturer5、SC 重要（特殊）特性Significant（Special） Characteristic6、ANOVA 方差分析法Analysis of variance7、CFT 多方论证小组Cross function Team8、DFMEA设计失效模式及后果分析Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis 9、DOE 试验设计Design of Experiment 10、DVP&R设计验证计划和报告Design verification Plan and Report11、FTC 试生产能力First Time Capability12、GR&R量具的重复性和再现性Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility13、PFMEA过程失效模式及后果分析Process Failure Mode and Effect Analysis 14、SFMEA系统失效模式及后是分析System Failure Mode and Effect Analysis15、QSR 质量体系要求Quality System Requirement16、QFD 质量功能展开Quality function Deployment17、TGR 运行情况良好Things Gone Right18、TGW 运行情况不良Things Gone Wrong19、VE/VA价值工程/价值分析Value Engineering/Value Analysis20、BOM 物料清单Bill of Material21、Cpk稳定过程的能力指数Capability for stable process22、LCL 下控制限Lower Control Limit 23、UCL 上控制限Upper Control Limit 24、LSL 工程规范下限Lower Specification Limit 25、USL 工程规范上限Upper Specification Limit26、Ppk 性能指数The performance index27、MRB 物料评审Material Review Board28、PSW 零件提交保证书Part Submission Warrant29、X（一）--R图均值一极差图Average-Range Chart30、SRPC 供方要求产品更改Supplier Request for Product Change31、SREA供方工程批准的要求Supplier Request for Engineering Approval32、IAA 临时批准授权Interim Approval Authorization33、AAR 外观件批准报告Appearance Approval Report34、PTR 试生产（报告）Production Trial Run （Report）35、DCP尺寸控制计划（动态控制计戈U）Dimension Control Plan （Dynamic Control Plan）37、防错（POKA-YOKE）Mistake Proofing 加工订单Fabrication Order补足欠交Fill Backorder总装提前期Final Assembly Lead Time 确认的计划订单Firm Planned Order 固定订货批量F ixed Order Quantity 集中预测Focus Forecasting 完全踉踪Full Pegging通用生产管理原则Generally Accepted Manufacturing Practices毛需求Gross Requirements 在制品库存In Process Inventory 独立需求Independent Demand 投入/产出控制Input/ Output Control 检验标识Inspection ID 厂际需求Interplant Demand 库存周转率Inventory Carry Rate 仓库库位类型Inventory Location Type库存周转次数Inventory Turnover 发送订单Issue Order项目记录Item Record物料项目Item加工车间Job Shop准时制生产Just-in-time (JIT)看板Kanban人工工时Labor Hour最后运输日期Last Shipment Date提前期Lead Time层Level负荷量Load Leveling负荷报告Load Report负荷Load仓位代码Location Code仓位备注Location Remarks仓位状况Location Status按需订货Lot for Lot批量标识Lot ID批量编号Lot Number批量Lot Size低位码Low Level Code 机器能力Machine Capacity 机器加载Machine Loading 外购或自制决策Make or Buy Decision 面向订单生产的产品Make-to-order Product 面向库存生产的产品Make-to-stock Product 制造周期时间Manufacturing Cycle Time制造资源计戈U Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II)主生产计划Master Production Schedule (MPS)物料成本Material Cost物料发送和接收Material Issues and Receipts 物料需求计划Material Requirements Planning (MRP)登陆标志MPS Book Flag MPS 多重仓位Multiple Location 净改变式MRP N et Change MRP 净需求Net Requirements 新仓位New Location新组件New Parent新仓库New Warehouse 不活动报告No Action Report现有库存量On-hand Balance未结订单Open Order订单输入Order Entry订货点Order Point订货方针Order Policy订货承诺Order Promising订货备注Order Remarks 双亲Parent零件清单Part Bills零件批次Part Lot零件编号Part Number零件Part反查Pegging领料单Picking List领料/提货Picking计划订单Planned Order后减库存处理法Post-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing前减库存处理法Pre-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing发票价格Price Invoice采购订单价格Price Purchase Order优先计划Priority Planning产品控制Product Control产品线Production Line生产规划编制Production Planning产品率Production Rate产品结构树Production Tree预计可用库存Projected Available Balance采购订单是艮踪Purchase Order Tracking已分配量Quantity Allocation仓位数量Quantity At Location欠交数量Quantity Backorder完成数量Quantity Completion需求量Quantity Demand毛需求量Quantity Gross进货数量Quantity In排队时间Queue Time队列Queue重生成式MRP Regenerated MRP重排假设Rescheduling Assumption资源需求计划Resource Requirements Planning粗能力计划Rough-cut Capacity Planning 工艺路线Routing 安全库存量Safety Stock 保险期Safety Time 预计入库量Scheduled Receipt 残料率Scrap Factor 发送零件Send Part 维修件Service Parts 发货地址Ship Address 发货单联系人Ship Contact 发货零件Ship Date 发货单Ship Order 工厂日历Shop Calendar 车间作业管理Shop Floor Control 损耗系数Shrinkage Factor 标准产品成本Standard Product Cost 标准机器设置工时Standard Set Up Hour 标准单位运转工时Standard Unit Run Hour 标准工资率Standard Wage Rate 状况代码Status Code 库存控制Stores Control建议工作单Suggested Work Order 约束理论Theory of Constraints (TOC) 时间段Time Bucket 时界Time Fence单位成本Unit Cost采购计划员Vendor Scheduler 采购计划法Vendor Scheduling 工作中心能力Work Center Capacity 工作中心Work Center 在制品Work in Process工作令是艮踪Work Order Tracking工作令Work Order工作进度安排Work Scheduling 零库存Zero Inventories经济订货批量=$4口放(2*年订货量*平均一次订货准备所发生成本/每件存货的年储存成本)美国生产和库存控制协会APICS, American Production & Inventory Control Society 五、生产注塑机injection machine 冲床Punch machine 混料机blender mixer 尼龙nylon黄铜brass 青铜bronze 紫(纯)铜copper 料斗hopper 麻点pit酉己料compounding涂层coating 飞边flash 预热preheating 再生料reworked material 再生塑料reworked plastics 工艺设计process design 紧急停止emergency stop 延时time delay六.物控保质期shelf lifeABC 分类法ABC Classification 反常需求Abnormal Demand 措施信息Action Message 活动报告标志Action-report-flag 基于活动的成本核算Activity-based Costing (ABC)实际能力Actual Capacity实际成本Actual Costs调整现有库存量Adjust-on-hand已分配量Allocation替代工序Alternative Routine 装配订单Assembly Order 装配零件表Assembly Parts List 装配Assembly计划自动重排Automatic Rescheduling 可达到库存Available Inventory 可用材料Available Material达到库存Available Stock 可利用工时Available Work 可签约量Available-to-promise 平均库存Average Inventory 欠交订单Back Order倒序计划U Back Scheduling 倒冲法Back flush未完成订单Backlog现有库存余额Balance-on-hand Inventory 批号Batch Number批量生产Batch Production标杆瞄准Benchmarking 工时清单Bill of Labor 提货单Bill of Lading 物料清单Bill of Material 分库Branch Warehouse 经营规划Business Plan 采购员Buyer 能力管理Capacity Management 能力需求计划Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) 保管费率Carrying Cost Rate 保管费Carrying Cost 单元式制造Cellular Manufacturing 修改批量日期Change Lot Date 修改工序Change Route 修改产品结构Change Structure 检查点Check Point 闭环物料需求计划Closed Loop MRP 通用工序标识Common Route ID计算机集成制造Computer-integrated Manufacturing (CIM)配置代码Configuration Code约束管理/约束理论Constraints Management/Theory of Constraints (TOC) 依成本的材料清单Costed Bill of Material 急需零件Critical Part累计提前期Cumulative Lead Time 现有运转时间Current Run Hour 现有运转数量Current Run Quantity 周期盘点Cycle Counting 调整日期Date Adjust 有效日期Date Available 修改日期Date Changed 结束日期Date Closed 截止日期Date Due 生产日期Date in Produced 库存调整日期Date Inventory Adjust 作废日期D ate Obsolete 收到日期Date Received 交付日期Date Released 需求日期Date Required 发货日期Date to Pull 空负荷Dead Load 需求管理Demand Management需求Demand实际能力Demonstrated Capacity非独立需求Dependent Demand直接增减库存处理法Direct-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing发料单Disbursement List派工单Dispatch List分销资源计划Distribution Resource Planning (DRP)鼓一缓冲一绳子Drum-buffer-rope经济订货批量Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)工程变更生效日期Engineering Change Effect Date工程变更生效单Engineering Change Effect Work Order工程停止日期Engineering Stop Date例外控制Exception Control呆滞材料分析Excess Material Analysis急送代码Expedite Code三、模具塑料模具mould of plastics注塑模具injection mould冲压模具die模架mould base定模座板Top clamping plateTop plateFixed clamp plate水口推板stripper plateA 板A plateB 板B plate支承板support plate方铁spacer plate底针板ejector plate面针板ejector retainer plate回针Return pin导柱Guide pin有托导套Shoulder Guide bush直导套Straight Guide bush动模座板Bottom clamp plateMoving clamp plate基准线datum line基准面datum plan 型芯固定板core-retainer plate凸模固定板punch-retainer plate 顶针ejector pin单腔模具single cavity mould 多腔模具multi-cavity mould 多浇口multi-gating浇口gate缺料starving排气breathing光泽gloss合模力mould clamping force锁模力mould locking force挤出extrusion开裂crack循环时间cycle time老化aging螺杆screw麻点pit嵌件insert活动镶件movable insert起垩chalking浇注系统feed system主流道sprue分流道runner浇口gate直浇口direct gate , sprue gate轮辐浇口spoke gate , spider gate点浇口pin-point gate测浇口edge gate潜伏浇口submarine gate , tunnel gate 料穴cold-slug well浇口套sprue bush流道板runner plate排飞槽vent分型线(面)parting line定模stationary mould，Fixed mould 动模movable mould, movable half 上模upper mould，upper half下模lower mould，lower half型腔cavity凹模cavity plate，cavity block拼块split定位销dowel定位销孑L dowel hole 型芯core斜销angle pin, finger cam 滑块slide滑块导板slide guide strip 楔紧块heel block, wedge lock 拉料杆sprue puller 定位环locating ring 冷却通cooling channel 脱模斜度draft 滑动型芯slide core 螺纹型芯threaded core 热流道模具hot-runner mould 绝热流道模insulated runner mould 熔合纹weld line (flow line) 三板式模具three plate mould 脱模ejection换模腔模具interchangeable cavity mould 脱模剂release agent 注射能力shot capacity 注射速率injection rate 注射压力injection pressure 差色剂colorant 保压时间holdup time 闭模时间closing time 定型装置sizing system 阴模female mould，cavity block 阳模male mould电加工设备Electron Discharge Machining 数控加工中心CNC machine center 万能铁床Universal milling machine 卧式刨床Horizontal planer 车床Engine lathe 平面磨床Surface grinding machine 去磁机Demagnetization machine 万能摇臂钻床Universal radial movable driller立式钻床Vertical driller超声波清洗机Ultrasonic clearing machine 四、品管SPC statistic process control 品管保证Quality Assurance 品管控制Quality control 来料检验IQC Incoming quality control 巡检IPQC In-process quality control 校对calibration动态试验dynamic test环境试验Environmental test 非破坏性试验non-destructive test 光泽gloss击穿电压(dielectric) breakdown voltage 拉伸强度tensile strength冷热骤变试验thermal shock test 环境试验炉Environmental chamber 盐雾实验salt spray test绝缘电阻测试验仪Insulating resistance meter 内应力internal stress疲劳fatigue蠕变creep试样specimen 撕裂强度tear strength 缩痕shrink mark, sink mark 耐久性durability才由样sampling 样品数量sample sizeAQL Acceptable Quality level批量lot size抽样计戈U sampling planOC 曲线operation curve 试验顺序sequence of tests 环境温度ambient temperature 可焊性solderability 阻燃性flame resistance 一、组织机构及职位XX 电子有限公司XX Electronics CO., Ltd 总经理办公室General manager' s office 企管部Enterprise management department (EM)行政部Administration department (AD) 销售部Sales department (SD)财务部Financial department (FD) 技术部Technology department (TD)物控部Production material control department (PMC)生产部Production department(PD)模具部Mold manufacturing department, Tooling manufacturing department (TM) 品管部Quality Assurance department (QA) 冲压车间Stamp workshop, press workshop 注塑车间injection workshop 装配车间Assembly workshop 模具装配车间Mold and die Assembly workshop 金属加工车间metal machine workshop 电脉冲车间Electric discharge process workshop 线切割车间wire cutting process workshop 工磨车间Grinding workshop 总经理General manager (GM) 副总经理Vice-general manager 经理manager 董事长president 副董事长Vice-president XX 部门经理Manager of XX department 主任、主管supervisor 拉长Line leader 组长Foreman, forelady 秘书secretary 文员clerk 操作员operator 助理assistant 一立口 -二*、^^品连接器connector 端子terminal 条型连接器bar connector 阴连接器Housing 阳连接器wafer 线束wire harness 间距space 额定电压rated voltage 额定电流rated current 接触电阻contact resistance 绝缘电阻insulation resistance 超声波焊接ultrasonic welding 耐压withstand voltage 针pin 物料编号part number 导线wire 基体金属Base metal 电缆夹cable clamp 倒角chamfer 接触面积contact area 接触件安装孔contact cavity接触长度contact length 接触件电镀层contact plating 接触压力contact pressure 接触件中心距contact space 接触簧片contact spring 插孔socket contact 法兰、凸缘Flange 界面间隙interfacial gap 键Key 键槽key way 过渡段ramp 屏蔽套shielding 定位基准Datum reference 扁平电缆flat cable，Ribbon cable 柔性印刷电线Flexible printed wiring 多层印制电路Multilayer printed circuit 焊盘pad 图形pattern 间距pitch 负极Negative pole 正极positive pole 回流Reflow原理图Schematic diagram 单面板single sided board 双面板Two-sided board, Double-sided board 表面安装surface Mounting 翘曲warp，bow 波峰焊wave soldering 编织层braid 同轴电缆coaxial cable 电介质dielectric 电缆中导线的头数ends 夕卜部干扰external interference 填充物filler 护套jacket 比重specific gravity电阻的温度系数Temperature coefficient of resistance。

封测工艺流程英文English:The process of chip packaging and testing typically involves several stages. First, the integrated circuit (IC) is put through wafer probing, where each individual chip on the wafer is tested for functionality. Next, the good chips are placed into packages, which provide protection and allow for connections to external devices. The packaged chips are then subjected to final testing, where they are checked for proper functionality and performance. This involves a series of electrical tests, such as checking for signal integrity and power consumption. Once the chips have passed all tests successfully, they are ready to be shipped out to customers for use in various electronic devices. Throughout this entire process, strict quality control measures are implemented to ensure that only high-quality chips are delivered to consumers.中文翻译:芯片封装和测试的工艺流程通常包括几个阶段。