北京市密云区高考英语 阅读理解系列训练(7)

北京市密云县2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错练习（1）阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Bedford Castle: The Home of Bedfordshire RoyaltyBedfordshire in the south of England had its fairshare of royal visits from the early stages of the 10thcentury onwards and the importance that the county placedon this is evident in the monuments, country houses,churches and any number of other structures that are stillpresent there to this day. Bedford Castle is one of thosestructures and, although it is nowhere near its former glory today, it is an essential attraction to visit if you really want to grasp what its heritage means to the county!Bedford Castle was built initially as a fortress to help protect Bedfordshire on the south of the River Ouse after the people in the local towns and villages had already been subdued. It was set up in 919 on the orders of King Edward the Elder, although it was destroyed by a Danish invasion years later. This was when it was rebuilt as the castle, of which the ruins exist today!There is a long history behind the castle that involves several kings as a result of the Duke of Bedford being an ardent(热心的)royalist(保皇主义者). Bedford Castle repeatedly offered the kings of England refuge against various storms in the form of onslaughts(攻击)from abroad and various domestic threats against them, and this is where much of its fame lies, even though the castle itself is no longer there. There are various tours of the ruins that you can take when you visit though and all of the guides are extremely knowledgeable. They will happily tell you tales of the mound(土丘)and the castle that preceded it.The mound is open to the public all year round and is a proud part of the area’s heritage. It is recommended by the majority of people that you visit Bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. You can view the river from the mound and the surrounding settlements as well as the remains of the castle, and every moment spent there is worth it so enjoy the history and thevery nature of the county itself!【文章大意】本文向大家介绍了英国的一个旅游胜地——贝德福德城堡。

2020-2021学年密云区第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANo one knows when the first printing press was invented or who invented it. but the oldest known printed text originated in China during the first millennium (千年) AD.The Diamond Sutra (《金刚经》), a Buddhist book from Dunhuang, China during the Tang Dynasty, is said to be the oldest known printed book.The Diamond Sutrawas created with a method known as block printing (雕版印刷), which used boards of hand-carved wood blocks in reverse.It was said that the moveable type was developed by Bi Sheng. He was fromYingshan,Hubei,China, living from 970 to 1051 AD. His method replaced panels of printing blocks with moveable individual Chinese characters that could be reused. The first moveable Chinese Characters were carved into clay and baked into hard blocks that were then arranged onto an iron frame that was pressed against an iron plate.The earliest mention of Bi Sheng’s printing press is in the bookDream Pool Essays, written in 1086 by Shen Kuo, who noted that his nephews came into possession of Bi Sheng’s typefaces (字体) after his death. Shen Kuo explained that Bi Sheng did not use wood because the texture is inconsistent (不一致的) and absorbs wetness too easily.By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty, which ruled from 1127 to 1279 AD, books had become popular in society and helped create a scholarly class of citizens who had the capabilities to become civil servants. Large printed book collections also became a status symbol for the wealthy class.1. When was Bi Sheng’s printing press first introduced in history?A. After Bi Sheng died and his nephews owned his typefaces.B. When books became popular in the Southern Song Dynasty.C. After the block printing was replaced by the moveable type printing.D. WhenThe Diamond Sutrawas printed into a book.2. What can we infer from the passage?A. Shen Kuo made great contributions to printing.B. The moveable type printing was invented earlier than block printing.C. Printed books were hard to get in the Song Dynasty.D. By the Southern Song Dynasty, books had helped people get to higher social positions.3. Why does the author write this passage?A. To show that Buddhism was popular in the Tang Dynasty.B. To introduce the early history of printing.C. To memorize Bi Sheng, developing the moveable type printing.D. To indicate the advantages of moveable type printing.BAs an old saying inChinagoes, “The days of the Sanjiu periodare the coldest days.” “Sanjiu period” , which is in Minor Cold, refers to the third nine-day period (the l9th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice(冬至). There are many different customs related to Minor Cold inChina.Eating hotpotDuringMinor Cold people should eat some hot food to benefit the body and defend against the cold weather. Winter is the best time to have hotpot and braised mutton with soy sauce. But it is important to notice that too much spicy food may cause health problems.Eating huangyacaiInTianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold. There are large amounts of vitamins A and B in huangyacai. As huangyacai is fresh and tender, it is fit for frying, roasting and braising.Eating glutinous rice (糯米饭)According to tradition, the Cantonese eat glutinous rice in the morning during Minor Cold. Cantonese people add some fried preserved pork, sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice.Eating vegetable riceIn ancient times, people inNanjingtook Minor Cold quite seriously, but as time went by, the celebration of Minor Cold gradually disappeared. However, the custom of eating vegetable rice is still followed today. The rice is steamed and is unspeakably delicious. Among the ingredients (原料), aijiaohuang (a kind of green vegetable), sausages and salted duck are the specialties in Nanjing.4. What do we know about Minor Cold?A. It refers to the Winter Solstice.B. The Sanjiu period is in this period.C. It lasts twenty-seven days.D. It marks the first day of winter.5. What is a special custom in Tianjin in Minor Cold？A. Eating hotpot.B. Having vitamin A and B pills.C. Having huangyacai.D. Buying cabbage.6. How do the Cantonese eat glutinous rice?A. They fry and toast it.B. They eatit for dinner.C. They mix it with many other things.D. They steam it with soy sauce.7. This text may be taken from the ________ column (栏目) of a newspaper.A. travelB. cultureC. fashionD. scienceCAfter finishing his dinner, Lin Xu opened a WeChat mini-program called "Clear Plate" on his phone and took picture of the empty plates. He was then awarded 157 credit points after the image was uploaded and recognized by artificial intelligence.“Users of the app can use their credit to buy gifts, such as books and cellphones to purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas,” Lin said.A nationwide "Clear Your Plate" campaign is gaining steam online. Efforts to stop food waste and promote thrift are also being made by restaurants that have been urged to create an environment in which consumers are reminded not to waste food. They are also encouraged to offer different portion sizes so that customers can have more choices.The “Clear Plate” mini-program has become popular among young Chinese and currently has nearly 1 million users.Liu Jichen, founder of the startup that developed the app, said that the idea popped up at a dinner in 2017, when Liu found that a restaurant would give diners who polished off their food a card and offer small gifts after a certain number of cards had been collected.“Such an idea can be realized online,” Liu said. He formed a team to work on the project.Yet it was quite challenge for the AI system to identify whether the uploaded photos showed empty plates.To make the AI system smarter, Liu and his team, assisted by more than 1,000 others, spent half a year collecting over 100, 000 samples in canteens and restaurants across the country and used the data to train neuralnetwork. Dozens of enterprises, institutions and restaurants have contacted the startup to cooperate on the project.Through the visualized mini-program, people can clearly see the good results of saving food, which will effectively reduce waste, he noted. "We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to carry out the virtue of cherishing food and developing the habit of thrift, " Liu said8. What is the main function of the APP "Clear Plate?A. Awarding credit points.B. Giving charity meals.C. Showing the empty plates.D. Encouraging saving food.9. How is the "Clear Your Plate" campaign carried out?A. Customers wasting food are punished.B. People join in it on mini-program.C. Restaurants limit customers' choices.D. People are encouraged to buy gifts.10. What was the most difficult when the app was created?A. Getting other people to cooperate with the team.B. Collecting samples in canteens and restaurants.C. Ensuring the app to recognize empty plates.D. Finding people to fund the app.11. What is the purpose of the writing?A. To introduce an app.B. To promote saving food.C. To praise a startup founder.D. To raise fund for poor children.DAnOntarioteen is making waves by turning old fishing gear into new treasures. Since last year, Natalie, 15, hasbeen taking lost or thrown — away fishing nets and rope and transforming them into bracelets, rope art, mats, baskets and necklaces.Last year, Natalie was working on an assignment for her science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) class. As part of the assignment, she learned about “ghost nets”, which are fishing nets that have been left or lost in the ocean by people who fish.“They have huge effects on our environment. They can kill coral reefs and many animals,” said Natalie. “46 percent of the Pacific garbage is ghost gear.” The Great Pacific Garbage is a huge collection of trash floating in the Pacific Ocean betweenHawaiiandCalifornia.Natalie told her mom she wanted to do something to help. She got in touch with a handful of charities, including the Sea Protection Society and Coastal Action.After getting some shipments of ghost nets and rope from those organizations, Natalie, with the help of her family, started turning thediscardedgear into new artworks. “We've made bracelets, rope art, mats, baskets, and we've made necklaces, which also use beach glass in them,” she said. Natalie then started selling the artworks online, the crafty buying and selling website.She donated all her profits-minus a small sum of change to cover supplies — to the charities that donated fishing supplies to her. She's also been donating all the income from her non-profit business, called Nautical Waters, to charity. Natalie said she hoped to continue her passion for ocean life, with plans to study marine biology in university.12. How did Natalie help with ghost nets?A. By turning them into artworks.B. By asking support from her mother.C. By collecting money from charities.D. By selling ghost nets at a good price.13. What made Natalie decide to do something with ghost nets?A. To collect supplies for the artworks.B. To prepare for her study in university.C. To protect coral reefs and marine animals.D. To complete an assignment for her STEM class.14. What docs the underlined word “discarded" in Paragraph5refer to?A. Polluted.B. Rare.C. Waste.D. Discovered.15. What is the best title for the text.A. Ghost Nets Ready forSaleB. Charities Make a Big DifferenceC. Natalie's Passion for Ocean TreasuresD. TeenTurnsOld Fishing Nets into Artworks第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

阅读理解Preschool Girl Lifts Old Man’s SpiritsWhen Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing experience.As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she passed an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! It’s my birthday today!” The man stopped and his demeanor changed from distant and serious to warm and friendly. “How old are you today?” the man asked. After some time talking together, Norah asked her mom to take a picture of her with her new friend “Mr. Dan”, Dan Peterson, 82. They hugged and after ten minutes went their separate ways. That could have been the end of the story. But it is actually the beginning of a special relationship.Tara posted the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information. It turned out that Mr. Dan’s wife died in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since. The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr. Dan smile since the death of his wife. Knowing that, Tara contacted Mr. Dan, and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a friendship unlike any other. “She has shown me a depth of love, a depth that I didn’t know existed,” Mr. Dan told the reporter.Mr. Dan told Tara that before meeting Norah, he hadn’t had one night of uninterrupted sleep. Anxiety kept him up at all hours and made him restless. After meeting Norah, he said he now sleeps soundly. For Mr. Dan’s 82nd birthday on October 20, the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presents — and, of course, cupcakes. Mr. Dan will also spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family. “If you don’t take the time to notice people, you will never know how you can positively impact a life,” Tara Wood said.1．Mr. Dan looked cold because ________.A．he felt lonely B．he disliked little kidsC．nobody had hugged him D．he knew little about Norah2．How did Tara know more about Mr. Dan?A．From a news reporter.B．From a stranger.C．From a shop assistant.D．From his neighbor.3．What can we learn from the story?A．Giving makes a real difference.B．It is important to respect each other.C．We should not judge a person at first sight.D．Good things will happen if one keeps trying.It was a rainy, damp December day. I was headed to the store to pick up another week’s worth of food. I had put off shopping for Christmas presents until later in the month but wasn’t looking forward to the crowd of Christmas shoppers while I grabbed my groceries. I kept the CD player on while I drove to avoid the radio news. It only spoke of the world’s huge problems and how divided we all still were. And it usually just left me feeling helpless.Still, I gave my son a dollar to put in the bell-ringer’s pot at the door to the store. We went in and soon filled our cart with food. Then we walked towards the self-checkout machines. I hated using them. I much preferred to chat with the friendly cashiers, but the line at them was five deep and I just didn’t have the time. As I pulled my cart up, I heard an old man at the machine next to mine grumbling (嘟囔) under his breath, trying his hardest not to curse. He only had a few items but every time he put his wrinkled, well-worn, twenty-dollar bill into the machine, the money was returned.I quickly grabbed a newer twenty out of my purse and gave it to him. He thanked me with a warm smile and paid for his goods. I told him to keep his money but he insisted that I take his old, torn twenty. I nodded, put it in my coat pocket, and wished him a Merry Christmas.After checking out, I remembered something Mother Teresa had once said about how we all can change the world. “Help one person at a time,” she said, “and always start with the person nearest you.” I reached into my pocket, smiled, and went outside. Then I dropped that torn twenty into the bell-ringer’s pot and walked to my car with my son happily.4．Why did the author feel helpless?A．Radio provided unreliable news.B．There was always a Christmas rush. C．People were disconnected from each other.D．Christmas was ruined by the terrible weather. 5．How did the author help the old man?A．By paying for his shopping items.B．By exchanging a newer note with him. C．By teaching him how to use the machine.D．By calling out the friendly cashier in time. 6．Why did the author give twenty dollars to the bell-ringer?A．She wanted to pursue Mother Teresa’s ideas.B．She desired to spread Mother Teresa’s words.C．She expected to set a good example to her son.D．She hoped to have a meaningful day with her son.If you start a sentence with, “If I were you...” or find yourself scratching your head over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, there’s a scientific reason behind it. Our owndecision-making abilities can become exhausted over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesn’t suffer the same difficulties.“The problem is decision fatigue, a psychological phenomenon that causes harm to the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making,” says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics (抗生素) to patients when it’s unwise to do so. “Presumably it’s because it’s simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers, they feel less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “It is as if there is something fun about making someone else’s choice.”“Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process, it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good. When people experience decision fatigue, when they are tired of making choices, they have a tendency to choose to go with status quo,” says Polman. “But it can be problematic since a change in the course of action can be important and lead to a positive outcome.”To achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential.“People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,” he says. “That’s not to say risk is always good, but it is related to taking action, whereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin (懊恼) of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfortunately hindered.”“Just because you can make good choices for others doesn’t mean you’ll do the same for yourself,” Polman cautions. “Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others than they do for themselves,” he says, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles. 7．What does the author say about people making decisions?A．They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.B．They may become exhausted making too many decisions for themselves.C．They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.D．They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselves.8．When do people feel less decision fatigue?A．When they take decision shortcuts.B．When they have advisers to turn to.C．When they have major decisions to make.D．When they help others to make decisions.9．What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A．They avoid trying anything new.B．They turn to physicians for advice.C．They tend to make risky decisions.D．They adopt a totally new perspective.10．What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making?A．It will enable people to be more creative.B．It will more often than not end in regret.C．It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.D．It is likely to bring about serious consequences.Side hustles for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires.Take class notesOne side hustle for college students involves taking notes in class and selling them.Three sites — StudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuvia — offer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. Each has its own pay formula. But you usually get a bonus when someone signs up to get access to your notes, plus a payment for each set of notes that sell. Students say they can earn $250 to $500 per class, per semester. Because this job requires taking great class notes, you’re likely to do better in school.Become a tutorMany younger students have fallen behind academically as they struggled with distance learning. That opens an opportunity for those who have mastered a subject, from high school algebra to Spanish, to teach that subject to others. A number of tutoring platforms allow you to sign up and tutor online or in person.Some of the best: Wyzant, Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music, LessonFace.Be a survey takerThe best option in this category is a site called Prolific, which helps researchers findpre-screened survey participants. What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questions — age, income, family status, etc. — in advance. Then, the site sends you only the surveys that you’re qualified to take. You’re given an estimate of the time it will require to take each survey and how much it pays. You decide whether it’s worth your time.Charge scootersBig campuses are often littered with electric scooters and bikes that can be unlocked and ridden around campus. Riders can drop the scooters just about anywhere. So scooter companies, such as Bird and Lime, enlist “chargers” and “juicers” to pick them up, charge them overnight and return them to a designated area early the next morning.If you have a late class, there are two benefits to signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isn’t a bad way to get back to your dorm.11．Which site allows one to get paid by uploading their class notes?A．Prolific.B．LessonFace.C．Wyzant.D．StudySoup.12．What may make Charge scooters attractive?A．It pays riders for charging scooters.B．It provides more benefits for students.C．It offers a means of free transportation.D．It helps solve litter problem on campus.13．The passage mainly introduces ________.A．methods to do better in schoolB．job options for college studentsC．after-class activities for studentsD．ways to meet a full class scheduleECycling refers to the recycling of electronic items, which are becoming a common problem in American home and throughout the world. The EPA, or Environmental Protection Agency, has actually started a program to help and motivate the recycling of electronics.To get the program to the regional and neighborhood levels, the EPA directed “Plug-In to eCycling Partners.” These partnerships support electronic reusing programs in individual communities. They provide local governments, retailers and manufacturers with opportunities to reuse and recycle their items. Those who make and offer electronic devices then promote programs and opportunities for consumers to reuse their second-hand electronic products. One of the EPA’s goals is to enlighten customers about why the recycling of electronics is so important. They likewise wish to make eCycling chances easily accessible to specific consumers and their family electronics. According to the EPA, the eCycling program has actually been quite successful. In 2008, the EPA collected 66.5 million pounds of electronic devices through their Plug-In Partners.Local governments have actually likewise got on board and passed laws intended to handle used electronic devices. Huge corporations have actually introduced eCycling programs at their local retail stores. One seller offers customers small, medium and big boxes for sale, which the customers then load with used electronics and go back to the store. Typically, customers bring their recyclable electronics to a location. When the electronic items are gathered by the EPA (typically this is done by the Partners), they are reused or recycled.Reused items are repaired and refurbished, and passed on to others as a contribution. You can repair or recondition your very own electronic devices too, extending the life of the items and conserving the energy of making new materials. Reusing electronic devices includes making use of the products and parts of the items. These materials and parts are then made use of to produce another item. This is more efficient than making items from new materials.Some items that are commonly eCycled consist of televisions, computer monitors, printers, notebook computer, keyboards and cable televisions. Less usual items include copying machines, CD players, voice mail machines, computer hard drives, mobile telephones, remote controls, radios, batteries, telephones, facsimile machines and computer games. Occasionally, electronic items such as microwaves, fans, vacuums, smoke alarms, and toasters are eCycled.As the eCycling program continues, you or your organization may want to get involved. Check the EPA’s internet site () for regional eCycling programs, or for details on how your company can participate. Their website has links to organizations that are taking part in the eCycling program.14．The EPA brought about “Plug-In to eCycling Partners” to ________.A．make and offer electronic devices to consumersB．make customers understand the importance of eCyclingC．make it possible for consumers to reuse their used e-productsD．make the program accessible to local regions and communities15．The Plug-In Partners are mainly engaged in ________.A．offering customers different boxes for saleB．reusing second-hand e-productsC．gathering recyclable electronicsD．repairing electronic device16．What is the main purpose of this passage?A．To call on local governments to support Plug-In Partners.B．To attract people to join in the eCycling programs.C．To teach customers how to recycle electronics.D．To introduce a new way to save costs.As 17-year-old Norwood drove through St. Petersburg, Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached a crossroad, another car T-boned them, sending their black car sailing into the yard of a nearby house, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out!” .The impact had caved in Norwood’s driver’s side door, jamming it shut. Shaken, but still OK, she crawled out through the window. Along with two of her friends, who’d also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back to the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat. “She wasn’t moving,” Norwood told the reporter. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. “I checked her pulse.” Nothing. “I put my head against her chest.” No sign of life. “That’s when I started CPR.”If the accident had happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But Norwood, who wants to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she’d learned.She started pressing Simmons’s chest with her crossed fingers and breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. No response. And then, after the 30th press, Simmons began coughing and gasping for air. The CPR had worked!Soon, an ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital, where she received stitches(缝合) for a wound in her forehead. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn’t shocked,” said Simmons. “She will always help any way she can.”17．Norwood ran back to the damaged car just in order to ______.A．practice CPR B．help her friend outC．open the back door D．stop the explosion18．Which of the following words can best describe Norwood?A．Brave.B．Creative.C．Ambitious.D．Optimistic. 19．What’s the best title of the passage?A．Pursuit of dream B．Breath of lifeC．Recovery from injury D．Loss of memoryGas boilers, which are popular as a choice for heating our homes, are filled with problems. Lack of room-by-room control means you could be left cold and unhappy, meanwhile possibly polluting the environment with harmful gases. The inefficiency of gas heaters could also cost you hundreds of pounds in repairs.The Future is ElectricThe Fischer EB is an electric boiler that has been built with the future in mind. With no need for outside water tanks (置水箱), the Fischer EB is a modern and efficient heating solution to replace your outdated heating. Made from a special steel, Fischer EB is built to last and simple to operate. And with no additional need for servicing, you can enjoy peace of mind knowing there is no risk of your boiler breaking down.Complete ControlFischer EB comes with a wireless thermostat (恒温计) that has been designed for easy and simple use. Program your Fischer EB boiler to make sure you are getting the right temperature when you need it. No wasted heat, no wasted energy and no more fear when the weather takes a turn for the worse. At the touch of a button you will experience the warmth and comfort of Fischer EB．Make a difference to the environmentFischer Electric Boilers run only on electricity, meaning if you are supplied with renewable energy you can heat your home without worrying about any harmful gases or pollutants. Installation (安装) is easy and simple. You can relax when knowing there is no need for maintaining or service.A cleaner futureAct now! Apply an energy efficient Fischer Electric boiler and replace your huge, inefficient gas or oil boiler. Benefit from controllability and comfort this winter. You can learn more about Fischer EB by calling 0800 1032 672 or by visiting the website at: www.fischerfurureheat. com. 20．The Fischer EB is environmental friendly mainly because ______.A．it runs only on electricity B．it’s simple to operateC．it costs less money in repairs D．it’s easy to maintain21．With a Fischer EB, people can control the temperature by ______.A．using a special steel B．programming the boilerC．installing a water tank D．adding an extra button22．The purpose of the passage is to ______.A．find an applicant B．share a technologyC．introduce a service D．promote a productMy home is in Demonton near a river valley. It is a beautiful area that has been made into a park with meters of hiking trails (小路) along the river.One day I discovered a trail I had never seen before. It was extremely steep and very slippery as it was covered with ice. I was alone at the time and even though I was terrified, I still wanted to go for a walk. Just this thought made my heart beat faster. I shook, not from the cold, although it was probably around -15℃, but from the fear. I knew I had to do it.I moved forward slowly and put one foot on the trail, then the other. Thus I continued, one foot in front of the other I went very slowly down the trail, shaking with every step. I was sweating despite my cold. I had no idea how long it would take me to travel along the trail, but I didn’t care. I just wanted to conquer my fear.At last, I succeeded! At least that’s how I felt. I nearly ran down the trail. Well, not exactly ran, but it felt like that compare with my extremely slow speed in the beginning.Maybe you don’t think this is much of a story, but I just want to tell you that we never know what’s around the corner. If you compare this story to life, you’ll see that we have no idea where life is going to take us, or how many easy or difficult trails there are to choose from until we make a choice! The point is: we have the freedom to choose!23．Which of the following words can best describe the trail the author discovered?A．Steep and muddy.B．Icy and slippery.C．Rough and wide.D．Narrow and wet.24．What do we know about the author?A．He liked taking adventures.B．He covered the trail with fear.C．He ran quickly along the trail.D．He went down the trail with his friend.25．We can infer from the passage that ________.A．it was very warm that dayB．the trail was not far from the riverC．the trail was far from the author’s homeD．the author had walked along the trail before26．By talking about his experience, the author mainly wants to tell us that ________. A．Rome was not built in a dayB．things may not seem so dangerous in the endC．it’s worth challenging our fears and pushing onD．we don’t have the freedom to do anything we likeWhen I give public lectures about the climate crisis, the most common question people pose is: “Are you an optimist or a pessimist?”My answer is yes. California has achieved dramatic emissions reductions in a thriving economy, which makes me hopeful, yet in general the fossil-fuel industry is determined not to change. The second most common question is: “What can I, personally, do?”That’s a tough one. The major drivers of climate change are collective enterprises such as power grids, industry, large-scale agriculture and transportation systems. Substantial emissions reductions in these settings most likely will not come from personal actions; they will come from laws and policies such as carbon-pricing systems, revised building codes and supports for green investment.Some people have argued that calls for individual action actually distract us from corporate responsibility. That could explain why the fossil-fuel industry is fond of such requests. Oil giant BP popularized and promoted the idea of a carbon footprint, deflecting attention to its customers who, it suggests, should take personal responsibility by lowering their carbon footprints. One study found that focusing on individual activity actually undermines support for more effective policy initiatives such as a carbon tax. Another problem with personal behavior is that people do not like to be told what to do.Yet individual acts can grow into influential group activity. One effective act, and one that can be amplified, is to eat less red meat. Cutting meat consumption is a powerful and personalthing most Americans can do to tackle the climate crisis, and they can do it immediately. About 40 percent of greenhouse gases come from agriculture, deforestation and other land-use changes. Meat — particularly beef — drives climate change in two ways: first, through cows’ emission of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, and second, by destroying forests as they are converted to grazing land to satisfy the global demand for beef. By eating less beef, we can start to decrease that demand. You do not have to become a vegan to do this. If every person in the U.S. cut their meat consumption by 25 percent, it would reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions by 1 percent. That might not sound like a lot, but it would help protect the rain forest, so the positive effects — including reduced water and fertilizer use, improved biodiversity and safeguarded rights of indigenous peoples — would be amplified.Perhaps most important, social action is contagious — in a good way. If lots of us begin to eat less meat and if we talk about it constructively, we will likely influence others. Pretty soon the 1 percent reduction becomes 2 percent or more. Reduced demand for meat could motivate my local supermarket to carry better produce, making it easier for me and my neighbors to prepare a few more satisfying meat-free meals. Ultimately changes in demand will influence industry. Forty years ago few mainstream supermarkets carried organic products; now nearly all do. Consumer demand did that.Cutting back on red meat also has the added benefit of being good for your health. So while I wouldn’t advise governments to order people to stop eating hamburgers, if anyone asks, “What can I do?” a simple and accurate answer is: “Eat less meat. It’s in your control, and you can begin right now. It benefits both you and the planet.”27．Which one plays the most decisive role in emissions reductions according to the passage? A．Individual actions.B．Fossil-fuel industries.C．The thriving economy.D．Effective laws and policies.28．What do we learn from the passage?A．Indigenous peoples turn forests into grazing land.B．Meat is considered as the biggest driver of climate change.C．Small individual acts can make a big difference collectively.D．Most Americans have to become vegans to tackle the climate crisis.29．What does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 6 mean?A．Appealing.B．Poisonous.C．Harmonious.D．Spreading. 30．What is the purpose of the author writing this passage？A．To explain ways to reduce carbon footprint.B．To persuade people to cut meat consumption.C．To evaluate the effects of healthy eating habits.D．To argue against the emission policies of industries.About 20 years ago, Daniel Hoffman, a classically trained violinist met a young musician playing in the town square in Marrakech, an ancient city in Morocco. They communicated in the little French they both knew, but their main common language was music. On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist, Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music, the classical music of North Africa.That experience gave birth to an idea: What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week? Oh. yes, and at the end of that week, play a concert. He even got a name for the concept “musical extreme sports”.It took him almost two decades to launch that dream with a friend, who introduced him to the wonders of Kickstarter, a funding platform for creative projects. Up to now, the dream has taken the form of a new documentary currently airing on American public television stations called “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood.”In the documentary, Hoffman travels to County Clare, Ireland, where he takes lessons with James Kelly, a master Irish violin player, for less than a week and then performs together with him in front of an audience, many of whom are star Irish musicians.The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles, including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia.That would add to his extensive repertoire (全部曲目), which already includes Balkan, Middle Eastern, and Turkish styles. “The big joke is what’s the difference between the fiddle and the violin? It’s the person who plays it,” says Niall Keegan, a traditional flute player. “It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.”。

北京市密云区2022高考英语阅读理解系列练习（9）及解析My father was a foreman of a sugar-cane plantation in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. My first job was to drive the oxen（牛）that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks.It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could. I’ve n ever been late for any job since. I also learned a bout being respectful an d faithful to the people you work for. More important, I earned my pay; it never entered my mind to say I was sick just because I didn’t want t o work.I was only six years old, but I was doing a man’s job. Our family needed every dollar we could make because my father never earned more than $ 18 a week. Our home was a three-room wood shack with a dirt y floor and no toilet. Nothing made me prouder than bringing home mon ey to help my mother, father, two brothers and three sisters. This gav e me self-esteem(自尊心), one of the most important things a person can h ave.When I was seven, I got work at a golf course near our house. My job was to stand down the fairway and spot the balls as they landed, so the golfers could find them. Losing a ball meant you were fired, so I n ever missed one. Some nights I would lie in bed and dreamt of making t housands of dollars by playing golf and being able to buy a bicycle.The more I dreamed, the more I thought. Why not? I made my first golf club out of guava limb(番石榴树枝) and a piece of pipe. Then I h ammered an empty tin can into the shape of a ball. And finally I dug tw o small holes in the ground and hit the ball back and forth. I practicedwith the same devotion and intensity. I learned working in the field —e xcept now I was driving golf balls with club, not oxen with a broomstic k.46. The word “tedious”in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____ __.A. difficultB. borin gC. interestingD. unusual47. The writer learned that_______ from his first job.A. he should work for those who he liked mostB. he should work longer than what he was expectedC. he should never fail to say hello to his ownerD. he should be respectful and faithful to the people he worked for48 _______ gave the writer self-esteem. [来源:Z_xx_k ]A. Having a family of eight peopleB. Owning his own golf courseC. Bringing money back home to help the familyD. Helping his father with the work on the plantation49. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to th e pas sage?A. He wanted to be a successful golfer.B. He wanted to run a golf course near his house.C. He was satisfied with the job he got on a plantation.D. He wanted to make money by gu iding oxen with a broomstick.参考答案------46---49、BDCA（201*·陕西卷）In early autumn I applied for applied for admission to college. I wan ted to go nowhere but to Cornell University,but my mother fought strongl y againsnst it. When she saw me studying a photograph of my father on the sports ground of Cornell,she tore it up.“You can’t say it’s not a great university,just because Papa went there.”“That’s not it at all.And it is a top university.”She was still holdi ng the pieces in her hand. “But we can’t afford to send you to college.”[来源:Z§xx§k ]“I wouldn’t dream of asking you for money.Do you want me to g et a job to help suppont you and Papa?Things aren’t that bad,are they?”“No,”she said. “I don’t expect you to help support us.”Father borrowed money form his rich cousins to start a small jewelle ry shop,His chief customers were his old college friends.To get new custo mers,my mother had to help.She picked up a long-forgotten membership i n the local league of women,so that she cound get to know more people. Whether those people would turn into customers was another question. I knew that my Parents had to wait for quite a long time before their sm all investment (投资) could show returns.What’s more ,they had not wan ted enough to be roch and successful ；otherwise they cound not possibly have managed their lives so badly.I was torn between the desave to help them and change,their lives,an d the determinstion not to repeat their mistakes.I had a strong belief in m y power to go what I wanted.After months of hard study I won a full co llege scholarship（奖学金）.My father could hardly contain his pride in m e,and my mother eventually gave in before my success.53.The author was not allowed to go to Cornell University mainly be cause【D】his father grduated from the universityhis mother did not thinks it a great universityhis parents needed him to help support the familyhis parents did not have enough money for hi m54.The father srarted his small shop with the money from.【C】A.a local leagueB.his universityC.his relativesD.his college friends55.Why did the mother renew her membership in the league?【A】A.To help with her husband’s businessB.To raise money for her sonC.To meet her long-forgotten friendsD.To better manage her life56.According to the text,what was the author determined to do in tha t autumn? 【C】To get a well-paid job for himselfTo improve relations with his motherTo go to his dream universityTo carry on with his father’s business******************************************************终止STREAMWOOD, Ill．—For years, attendance was small at Tefft Mid dle School’s yearly parent-teacher conferences, but the principal did not blame families for their poor response．Instead, she blamed the poor way the conferences were conducted．“Five years ago, the most important person—the student—was left out of the parent-teacher conference,”Tefft’s principal, Lavonne Smiley, said．“The old conferences were such a negative thing, so we turned it ar ound,”allowing students not only to attend but also to lead the gathering s instead of anxiously awaiting their parents’return home with the teach er’s opinion on their classroom performance．Recently, 525 parents attended parent-teacher-student conferences, M s．Smiley said, compared with 75 parents in 2021．No appointments were needed, and everyone was welcome at the conferences this year, spread over two days that school officials called a Celebration of Learning．“I think we’re learning that every school has its own DNA, and t here is not a prescription for conferences that works for every school,”Ms．Kinney said．“There is such an increasingly diverse population at ou r nation’s schools, the one-size-fits-all model conference just doesn’t wo rk anymore．”At some schools, not only are students on hand for conferences, but their siblings are also welcome, as are grandparents, aunts and uncles, eve n family friends．When Mark Heller accepted a job as an assistant principal at the mi ddle school in his hometown of Plano, Ill．, he discovered that the comm unity had changed a lot in the eight years he had been a teacher in Iow a．The population had nearly doubled to 10,000 residents, and 37 percent of the students at Plano Middle School were now from low-income famili es．The traditional parent-teacher conferences without a student present ar e always available by appointment, and sometimes necessary, for example, to discuss a private matter concerning a non-custodial （无监护权的）p arent, a family crisis the child is unaware of or a special education diagn osis．Still, Mr．Heller is convinced that a true dialogue concerning a stude nt’s academic progress is impossible without both the child and the pare nt engaged and present, and with the teacher on hand to share impression s and answer any questions the parents have about homework, standardize d test scores, behavior and other issues．“At the student-led conferences, our children are learning to be orga nized and capable adults someday,”Ms．Issa said．“When I was growin g up, my parents went to my conference, and I waited at home, scared t hey would come back with some concerns．With this new kind of confer ence, there are no secrets．My daughter is learning that she is responsible for her own success．”17．What is mainly talked about in this text?A．The change of population in Mr．Heller’s hometown．B．The way the parent-teacher conferences are conducted．C．The people who take part in parent-teacher conferences．D．The percentage of attendants to parent-teacher conferences．18．What was the population in Plano, Ill．when Mr．Heller became a teacher in Iowa eight years before?A．3,700 B．20,000 C．10,000 D．5,00019．The number of parents who attended parent-teacher-student confer ences recently was ______ times more than that in 2021．A．five B．six C．seven D．eight20．What does Ms．Kinney mean by saying “every school has its o wn DNA’?A．Every school is unique and different．B．One model fits all school conferences．C．All prescriptions do not work well．D．The population at schools is diverse．参考答案17-20 BDBA**********************************************************终止[来源:学#科#网]There were red faces at one of Britain’s biggest banks recently. The y had accepted a telephone order to buy ￡100,000 worth of shares froma 15-year-old schoolboy (they thought he was 21). The shares fell in val ue and the schoolboy was unable to pay up. The bank lost ￡20,000 on t he deal which it cannot get back, because, for one thing, the young boy does not have the money, for another, being under 18, he is not legally l iable for his debts. If the shares had risen in value by the same amount that they fell, he would have pocketed ￡20,000 profit. It certainly is bett er than delivering the morning newspaper. In another case, a boy of 14 f ound, in his grandmother’s house, a suitcase full of foreign banknotes. B ut they were now not used in their country of origin or anywhere else. T his young boy headed straight to the nearest bank with his pockets filled with notes. The cashiers did not realize the country in question had reduc ed the value of its currency by 90%. They exchanged the notes at their f ace value at the current exchange rate. In three days, before he was foun d out, he took ￡200,000 from nine different banks. Amazingly, he had a lready spent more than half of this before the police caught up with him. Because he is also under 18 the banks have kissed goodbye to a lot of money, and several cashiers have lost their jobs.Should we admire these youngsters for being enterprising and showin g initiative or condemn them for their dishonesty? Maybe they had manag ed for years with tiny amounts of pocket money that they got from tight-fisted parents. Maybe they had done Saturday jobs for peanuts. It is hardl y surprising, given the expensive things that young people want to buy, s uch as fashionable running shoes and computer games, if they sometimes think up more imaginative ways of making money than delivering newspa pers. These youngsters saw the chance to make a lot of money and took it.Another recent story which should give us food for thought is the ca se of the man who paid his six-year-old daughter￡300 a week pocket m oney. He then charged her for the food she ate a few coins for her piggy bank（存钱灌）“She will soon learn the value of money, ”he said. “There’s no such thing as a free lunch. Everything has to be paid for and the sooner she learns that the better.”At the other extreme there are fond parents who provide free bed and board for their grown-up childre n, While even the most hard-hearted parents might hesitate to throw their children out on the streets, we all know of people in their twenties who still shamelessly live off their parents. Surely there comes a time when everyone has to leave the parental nest, look after themselves and pay the ir own way in life. But when is it?10. Recently one of Britain’s biggest banks _____.A. bought a lot of shares for a customer and brought him a grea t loss[来源:1]B. lost money as its young customer had no money to pay his d ebtsC. lost much money because the shares they bought fell in valueD. received a telephone order to buy shares for a 21-year-old boy11. The young customer _____.A. would have paid his debts, had he had the money to do soB. would be sent to prison if he didn’t pay his debtsC. would have made ￡20,000, had the shares risen in value by t he same amount they fellD. would have continued to cheat banks, if he had not been found out12. The author’s attitude to the example of the two boys who cheat ed the banks is _____. A. objectiveB. subjectiveC. questioningD. negative13. The man paid his daughter ￡300 a week pocket money and the n required her to pay for her living expenses because _____.A. he wanted her to know making money was not easyB. he wanted to save money for her future educationC. he thought it useful for family members to bear life hardships togetherD. he wanted her to learn the value of money14. It can be concluded from the passage that the author believes tha t _____.A. children should leave the parental nest as soon as possibleB. grown-up children should live on their ownC. children should be taught not to cheat othersD. parents should give more pocket money to their children10. B. 首段第3-4行11. C. 首段第6行12. A. 第二段后半部分It is hardly surprising…13. D. 末段“She will soon learn the value of money, ”14. B. 文章结尾处概括************************************************************ **终止What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the ma n or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?We all know that science plays an important role in our societi es. However, many people believe that our progress depends on two diffe rent aspects of science. The first aspect is the application of the machine s, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists dev elop.The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? Fir st of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually pays attention to probl ems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, and looks for relati onships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover,he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective(客观的) and uses the facts he observes to the fullest. For example, trained observe rs obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from th e accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum(光谱).He does not accept statements which are not based on the mos t complete evidence available. He rejects authority as the only basis for tr uth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully an d objectively.Furthermore,he does not readily accept his own idea, sin ce he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and th at a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly,he is full of imagination since he often has to look f or relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently in complete. Furthermore,he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scie ntist or technologist thinks and acts.10. Many people believe that science helps society to progress throug h_________A. knowledge only.B. more than one aspect.C. technology only.D. the use of machines.11. Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is TRU E?A. He doesn’t find confidence and pleasure in work.B. He is interested in problems that are explained.C. He makes efforts to investigate potential connections.D. He looks for new ways of acting.12. According to the passage, a successful scientist would NO T_______ ________.[来源:1ZXXK]A. easily believe in unchecked statements.B. easily criticize others' research work.C. always use his imagination in work.D. always use evidence from observation.13. Which word can be used to describe the data that a good scientist u ses?A. completeB. objectiveC. complicatedD. accur ate14. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modem society.C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.10. B。

北京市密云区2022高考英语阅读理解系列练习（4）及解析阅读明白得、专题训练(**)、议论文的阅读阅读下列文章，按要求完成读写任务Healthy knees aren't the main consideration in choosing high heels，b ut new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spind ly stilettos(细高跟鞋)．“It takes a long time to feel the effects of knee os teoarthritis (骨关节炎)—and once you do it，it is too late，”said Dr.Cas ey Kerrigan，leading researcher of the study and associate professor at Ha rvard Medical School's department of physical medicine.“I compare it to smoking—one cigarette is not painful，but over a lifetime it is.Wide­hee led shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long，”Kerriga n said.“They are better for your feet than stiletto heels，but just as bad for your knees.”In the study，researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with three­inch heels，one with a narrow heel and the other with a thic k one.The scientists compared how much pressure was put on the women' s knees by both types of shoes.The women also walked bare­foot to test normal pressure.The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equ al amounts of pressure to the knees pared with walking barefoot，the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent.Increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis，experts say.The idea that high heels are bad for your health isn't new­scientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging f rom corns to hammer toes，tendonitis，knee pain，sprained(扭伤)ankles an d back problems.But in 2021，Kerrigan and a team of Harvard researcher s were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis，a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage(软骨)surrounding the knee.The first study lo oked only at stiletto heels，and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high­heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.“This study c onfirms what we all intuitively(直觉地)know that high­heeled shoes of a ny kind are not good for our health，”said Dr.Glem Pfeffer，a San Fran cisco doctor and member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surge ons who was not connected to the study.Ⅰ.依照短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ.依照所读短文，选择最佳选项1．We learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels beca use ________.A．they want to walk comfortablyB．chunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairsC．chunky heels do less harm to kneesD．chunky heels are not painful at all2．The study mentioned in the second paragraph found that ________.A．pressure on the foot is caused by high heelsB．the pressure is abnormal while walking barefootC．arthritis is always caused by pressure on the kneesD．both types of shoes have the same harm to the knees3．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A．people got to know the high heels are bad for health recentlyB．people have known the high heels are bad for health for yearsC．people haven't known the high heels are bad for health yetD．people will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon 4．Kerrigan's late study looked at the chunky high­heeled shoes bec ause ________.A．they feel more comfortableB．they are related to knee osteoarthritisC．they are worn by many womenD．they are different from stiletto heels5．The best title for the passage may be ________.A．Talking Healthy Knees into ConsiderationB．High­heels Do Harm to KneesC．Chunky Heels and Stiletto HeelsD．When Wearing High­heels参考答案三、The passage discusses the idea that high heels have bad effects on t he knees by surveying and showing some facts and the reasons for i t，so when choosing high heels we should consider our healthy knees.1．解析：细节明白得题。

北京市密云区市级名校2023-2024学年高考英语必刷试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．As a child, I was _________to keep quiet when my parents were discussing something, while parents nowadays often ask for their children’s opinions.A．demanded B．hoped C．forbidden D．required2．----I feel cold. ____ I close the window?----Sure. Go ahead!A．Shall B．Need C．Would D．Should3．My teacher often says that success in making money is not always a good ______ of success in life.A．belief B．element C．criterion D．instance4．_______naturally by the skin when exposed to sunlight, Vitamin D is needed for healthy bones, teeth and muscles. A．Making B．To makeC．Made D．Make5．—Did you take sides when Mom and Dad were arguing again?—No. I’ve learned that it’s best _______ until it blows over.A．to call it a day B．to pull their legsC．to sit on the fence D．to wash my hands off6．In the past few years, we’ve seen w orks by Chinese sci-fi writers winning international ______.A．conclusion B．standardC．potential D．recognition7．The scientist does not study nature ________ it is useful to do so. He studies it because he takes pleasure in it. A．until B．becauseC．though D．unless8．40 grams of meat per day is ______ people should consume in order to stay fit.A．that B．whyC．how D．what9．The company needs to _____ its outdated image to promote its newly-released product.A．lay out B．call upC．shake off D．give away10．The farmers are in bad need of rain,but a (an) large amount of rainfall will cause Floods.A．Eventually B．constantly C．gradually D．extremely11．—Did you have difficulty finding Ann'house?—Not really.She___us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily?A．was to give B．had givenC．was giving D．would give12．. The study of natural history is not something to be left to biologists. In fact, their capacity _____ the time they can spend away from their offices is very limited.A．in terms of B．in search ofC．in view of D．in spite of13．— I want to learn tennis. Would you like to help me?—. But learning tennis is no walk in the park.A．No kidding B．No wonder C．No problem D．No way14．When tension ________ in a relationship between two people, a frequent way of dealing with this is to send messages through a third person.A．arouses B．arises C．rises D．raises15．After the fire，________________ would otherwise be a cultural center is now reduced to a pile of ashes.A．that B．itC．what D．which16．Life the like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.A．an; the B．the; aC．the ;/ D．/ ; a17．---Professor Li is wanted on the phone. Where is he?--- I saw him coming, but in a minute, he _____.A．will disappear B．has disappeared C．disappears D．disappeared18．Throughout history, China never colonized any nation. _________ this peaceful tradition, it is committed to building a community with a shared future for mankind.A．In line with B．In regard toC．In harmony with D．In addition to19．I need to be more mature and ready to ______ my mistakes.A．hold on to B．cut off C．make up for D．take up20．A survey suggests that the royal wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton _____ a great boost for British economy because a large number of visitors are expected to go.A．will be B．has been C．was D．be第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（6）及答案社会生活类--- [201*·山东卷]San Francisco has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. And, Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge, which has attracted international attention, is now a local landmark.The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder, Amos Peters, to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars.The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built, squirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over.One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth, and that day's coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council(市政会). The Council approved, and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere jokingly named the bridge “Nutty Narrows. ”After architects designed the bridge, Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started construction. They built the 60­foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose (消防水带). It cost $1,000.It didn't take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching_them_the_ropes. The story was picked up by the media, and Nutty Narrows became known in newspapers all over the world.In 1983, after 20 years of use, Peters took down the worn­out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983, hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge.Peters died in 1984, and a ten­foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.67. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in order to ________.A. offer squirrels a place to eat nutsB. set up a local landmarkC. help improve trafficD. protect squirrels68. What happened over the coffee break discussion?A. The committee got the Council's blessing.B. The squirrel bridge idea was born.C. A councilwoman named the bridge.D. A squirrel was found dead.69. What does the underlined phrase “teaching them the ropes” probably mean in the text?A. Passing them a rope.B. Directing them to store food for winter.C. Teaching them a lesson.D. Showing them how to use the bridge.70. Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge?A. It was replaced by a longer one.B. It was built from wood and metal.C. It was rebuilt after years of use.D. It was designed by Bill Hutch.71. What can we learn about Amos Peters?A. He is remembered for his love of animals.B. He donated $1,000 to build the bridge.C. He was a member of the City Council.D. He was awarded a medal for building the bridge.【要点综述】文章主要讲述了Amos Peters观察到松鼠在觅食时遇到交通带来的危险，他还看到一只死了的松鼠嘴里还含着食物，他设想要为松鼠们设计一个能保证它们安全的桥。

密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（10）及答案Mexico City is truly one of the most amazing cities in the world with a mixture of both the old and new world. From the moment your plane starts to land in this vast city, you know that your trip will be quite an adventure.Once in your taxi and the moment you leave the airport, you are amazed at the large amount of slow traffic. The volume of the traffic can be stressful to some.The "Paseo de la Reforma (改革大道)", running southwest across the city, is one of the major tourist and business areas in Mexico City with many high quality hotels only walking distance from great restaurants and other tourist attractions. The only problem you will have is trying to see all of these sites during your vacation time.One of the most popular attractions in this area is the National Museum of Anthropology along the northwest part of the street. There are thousands of artifacts on display showing the history of the area and numerous items found from the many Aztec sites in the area. Walking southwest from the museum, you will soon reach the Mexico City Zoo, which is a great place to spend an afternoon.Across the street from the museum is the Chapultepec Castle, once an important site in the Mexican-American war. It's also a good idea to take the train up the hill to where the castle is located as the hill is steep (陡峭的). It's important to keep in mind that Mexico City is over 7,000 feet above sea level and some feel it difficult to breathe when walking.You can take a taxi to the Coyoacan market during the evening on a weekend. It's a great place to get some cheap souvenirs （纪念品）to bring back home and to enjoy some traditional Mexican cuisine. However, you must be careful where you eat and that the meat is well cooked.50. The tourists in Mexico City may not be satisfied with______.A. the high speed of the trafficB. the heavy traffic of the cityC. the polluted air in thecity D. their safety in the city51. Which of the following shows the correct positions of the following places?P = Paseo de la Reforma M = the National Museum of AnthropologyC = the Chapultepec Castle Z = the Mexico City Zoo52. Which of the following attractions may interest th ose who want to study the military (of the army) history of Mexico City?A. The National Museum of Anthropology.B. The Coyoacan market.C. The Chapultepec Castle.D. The Aztec sites.参考答案-------50---52、 BDC***********************************************************结束If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery, a small reward like a sticker for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously disliked foods, a UK study said.Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. That’s because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked, said Jane Wardle, a researcher at University College London who worked on the study. Verbal praise, such as “Brilliant! You’re a great vegetable taster,” did not work as well.The study found t hat when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a “tiny taste” of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed their attitudes. The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetables-either carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peas-in laboratory taste tests, the study said.Researchers randomly assigned（分派）173 families to one of these groups. In one, parents used stickers to reward their children each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable. A second group of parents used verbal praise. The third group, where parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods, served as a “control”Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the “target” vegetable every day of 12 days, Soon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables-and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience. The turnaround also seemed to last, with preschoolers in the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once disliked vegetable three months later.Why didn’t the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents’ words may have seemed “insincere” to their children.16．The purpose of writing the passage is .A．to introduce a practical method of making children eat vegetablesB．to show the procedure of an experiment on children’s dietC．to explain why children hate to eat vegetablesD．to present a proper way of vernal praise to parents17．The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably means “”.A．shoot from behind the back B．make a lire in the hackyardC．produce an unexpected result D．achieve what was planned 18．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A．Most children are born to dislike carrots or celery.B．It remains a question whether rewarding is a good way to get children to eat vegetables.C．Oral praise wokrs quite well in encouraging children to eat vegetables.D．Children in the sticker group will never lose interest in eating vegetables. 19．How did the researchers get their conclusion from the experiment?A．By comparison. B．By asking questions.C．By giving examples, D．By discussion. 20．What can we learn from the last paragraph?A．Children like rewards, not verbal praise.B．Parents should praise their children in a sincere tone.C．Children are difficult to inspire.D．Parents should give up verbal praise.*************************************************************结束The new studies show that fewer than half of the 9th g raders in many of the nation’s largest cities, can ever graduate. The studies clearly show that the dropout rate isn’t dropping.And, in particular, the dropout rate isn’t dropping for poor and minority students.Amazingly, though so many regret the rising dropout rate, our schools continue to lack formal plans--or any plans--to teach students motivation(动机). Most schools have no game plan to ensure that students understand that schooling will be completely necessary. Schools expect youth and children to act as though schooling is important, but they never teach them to believe that.Years ago, families ensured that the children recognized the value of schooling. But in many modern families, the children may fail to recognize the importance of school life just because these families may actually tell their children that school is not important. Since many families are not motivating their childrento be interested students, youth professionals, like teachers may need to provide this training. Otherwise, it is likely the dropout rate will continue not to drop, but only worsen.Here are some strategies to convince even the most apathetic (无动于衷的) students that they must stay in school.Ask students if they will ever need to work: The world has changed. 100 years ago, factory work was the booming job, and it required no education. Today, factories are increasingly automated. Most computer-related jobs require education and at least a high school diploma.Ask students which century they will be prepared for: In 1900, the most common jobs were farm laborer and domestic servant—education not needed. Now, the most common jobs are office and sales staff—education and diploma usually needed. An amazing 6 out of 10 people today work in a store or office.Ask students to devise a way that the employee could be replaced. For example, the coming trend in fast food is to use computers rather than people to run the restaurant.A prototype is apparently already being tested. The students should discover that most jobs that lack education and diploma requirements may be ripe for automation.11. What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph1?A. Few students can afford to go to school in large cities.B. A large number of the 9th graders can graduate now.C. There are still quite a few 9th graders leaving school early.D. Most schools in large cities have fewer and fewer students.12. Without the help of youth professionals,_____.A. more and more families will gradually recognize the value of school.B. it is likely that the dropout rate in schools won’t continue to drop.C. some parents will be more convinced of their children’s future.D. the schools will make proper plans to solve the problems with dropout.13. The author takes factory work for example mainly to ______.A. tell us that many jobs requires certain education in the pastB. show that there are more factory work and employment in modern societyC. show that employment in the computer field grows at a high rateD. emphasize that modern jobs require education and schools are necessary14. It can be inferred that______.A. both schools and families should answer for the high dropout rateB. many new jobs don’t need children’s high school diplomaC. working in a store doesn’t require a high school diplomaD. most schools are ready to help students recognize the importance of study15. If students play the “Replace Me” game, the result would be “______”A. They will know that they can ‘always’ do without a dipl omaB. More of them will drop out early to go to workC. They will discover that lack of education is a disadvantage in choosing jobsD. They will become better at using computers to hunt for a job参考答案 11—15 、CBDAC**********************************************************结束4.（201*·上海卷）(A)The teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good. I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre ____ not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas --- and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me.I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her.Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication. A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities---and it did---but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favorite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted(多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path.65. Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?A. She lent her some serious classics.B. She cultivated her taste for music.C. She discovered her talent for dancing.D. She introduced her to adult plays.66. What does Archy & Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. A book of great fun.B. A writer of high fame.C. A serious masterpiece.D. A heartbreaking play.67. Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ____.A. develop her capabilities for writing.B. give her a chance to collect materialC. involve her in teenage social activitiesD. offer her a series of writing jobs.68. We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who _____.A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialC. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupilsD. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learning【答案】DAAB***************************************************************结束AWe live in an age of unprecedented(空前的) opportunity: If you’ve got ambition, drive, and smarts, you can rise to the top of your chosen profession—regardless of where you started out from. But nowadays companies aren’t managing their knowledge workers’ careers. Rather, we must each be our own chief executive officer. Only when you operate from a combination of your strengths and self-knowledge can you achieve true and lasting excellence.To build a life of excellence, begin by asking yourself these questions: “What Are My Strengths?”To accurately identify your strengths, use feedback analysis. Every time you make a key decision, write down the outcome you expect. Several months later, compare the actual results with your expected results. Look for patterns in what you are seeing: What results are you skilled at generating? What unproductive habits are preventing you from creating the outcomes you desire? In identifying opportunities for improvement, don’t waste time developing skill areas where you have little competence. Instead, concentrate on and build on your strengths.“What Are My Values?”What are your ethics(道德标准)? What do you see as your most important responsibilities for living a worthy, ethical life? Do your organization’s ethics resonate(共鸣) with your own values? If not, your career will be likely to be marked by frustration and poor performance.“Where Do I Belong?”Consider your strengths, preferred work style, and values. Based on these qualities, what kind of work environment would you fit it best? Find the perfect fit, and you’ll transform yourself from a merely acceptable e mployee into a star performer.“What Can I Contribute?”In earlier eras, companies told businesspeople what their contribution should be. Today, you have choices. To decide how you can best improve your organization’s performance, first ask what the situation requires. Based on your strengths, work style, and values, how might you make the greatest contribution to your organization’s efforts?1. The following steps are all the ways to find and improve your strengths EXCEPT_________.A. writing down your expectationsB. comparing the actual resultsC. finding out your advantagesD. developing your disadvantagesm]2. Which of the following comments is NOT true?A. People should find results they are skilled at generating.B. Processing information by hearing others discuss is the most effective way of working.C. People who work in one team should have similar ethics.D. The fit working environment can help the workers work more efficiently.3. What can lead to a life of excellence?A. Self-pity and powers.B. Ambition and smarts.C. Self-awareness and strengths.D. Motives and self-knowledge.4. How might you make the greatest contribution to your organization’s efforts?A. Do what is needed.B. Identify your own strengths.C. Work in your own way.D. Obey the companies’ rules.参考答案 DBCA*******************************************************结束。

密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（1）及答案社会生活类---[2012·广东卷]Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies. Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have sold audiences to advertisers.An attraction of sport programs for the major U. S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoons—the slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. Sport events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week. This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports. The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers. They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance.Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming. These sports attract few viewers, and the ratings (收视率) are unusually low. However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers. It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States, including many lawyers and business managers. This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high­priced cars, business and personal computers, and holiday trips. This is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings. Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high­income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars” and computers. With such viewers, these programs don't need high ratings to stay on the air.41. Television sport programs on weekend afternoons ________.A．result in more sport eventsB．get more viewers to play sportsC．make more people interested in televisionD．bring more money to the television networks42. Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs?A．Because there would be few viewers.B．Because the advertisers would be off work.C．Because television programs would go slowly.D．Because viewers would pay less for watching television.43. In many families, men make decisions on ________.A．holiday tripsB．sports viewingC．television shoppingD．expensive purchases44. The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because________.A．their advertisers are carmakersB．their viewers are attracted by sportsC．their advertisers target at rich peopleD．their viewers can afford expensive cars45. What is the passage mainly about?A．Television ratings are determined by male viewers.B．Rich viewers contribute most to television companies.C．Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television.D．Commercial advertisers are the major sponsors of sport events.【要点综述】本文讲述的是通过在星期六和星期日的下午播放一些电视节目来吸引那些高收入的人来看，给广告带来了极大的效益。

第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

1. Where are the speakers?A. At a bank.B. At a hotel.C. At an airport.2. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Neighbors.B. Roommates.C. Friends.3. What does the man want to buy ？A.B. C.4. What was the man fined for?A. Wrong parking.B. Running a red light.C. Driving too fast.5. When does the flight leave?A. At 8:30 am.B. At 9:00 am.C. At 9:30 am.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话。

每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话你将听两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. How is the woman trying to lose weight now?A. By eating every other day.B. By drinking plenty of water.C. By eating orange-colored foods.密云区高三年级阶段测试英语试卷2022年9月 考试时间：120分钟每小题仅填写秒钟的作答时间。