simile
1.It is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky
2.They are like the musketeers of Dumas…
3.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and floated to the ends of the earth.
metaphor
1... and it is not easy for him to step out of that lukewarm bath
2.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is just a “regular guy” that he realizes how crippling this habit has been
3.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.
4.The conversation was on wings.
5.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.
6.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries
7.we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant.
8.We can batten down and ride it out
9.Wind and rain now whipped the house.
mixed metaphor
1.and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.
metonymy – change of name – the association of two unlike things[mi'tɔnimi] 转喻，借代He met his Waterloo. He likes to read Hemingway.
1.In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes
synecdoche – whole for part or part for whole[si'nekdəki] 提喻
He has many mouth to feed in his family. China beat South Korea 3 to 1. The vineyard are intersected by channels, red and yellow sails glide slowly through the vines. Nowadays more and more people have a liking for cotton.
1.But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary' s
2.yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.
alliteration
1.… a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life
2.ask of us here th e same high standards of strength and sacrifice…
3.One form of colonial control shall not have passed away.
4.We shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom.
5.We pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.
6.We shall pay any price, bear any burden
7.To assure the survival and the success of liberty
assonance (元韵、母韵、半谐音) and antithesis
… between the much-touted Second International (1934) and the much-clouted Third International (1961)
antithesis – contrary in meaning but similar in form 对比
1.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich
2.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.
3.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.
4.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.
parallelism – ideas are paired and sequenced in the same grammatical form
