译林牛津八年级下册8B知识点梳理

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译林牛津八年级下册8B知识点梳理

牛津初中英语 8B unit1 — unit8 知识点概括

8B Unit1

【考点精讲】

一、核心词汇

1. past n .

[ 考点点拨 ] past 作名词,意为“过去” ,其还可作介词和形容词,可用于以下状况: in the

past ( n.)在过去; half past(prep.)five 5 点半; in the past(adj.)three years 在过

去的 3 年里。如:

When he walks past our desks, he always knocks our

books and pens off the desks.

当他走过我们课桌的时候,他老是把我们的书籍和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.

这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下达成作业的。

2. present n .

[ 考点点拨 ] present 作名词,意为“此刻,当前” 。At present = at the moment= right now

当前;其还可作形 容词, your present job 你当前的工作; present 用作名词,还可表示

“礼品”, a birthday present - 份诞辰礼品。如:

He is washing his clothes at present.

此刻他正在洗衣服。

3. northern adj 。

[ 考点点拨 ] 方向词: north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern 。

如:

in the north of China = in the northern part of China

在中国北部

East China 华东; North China 华北 译林牛津八年级下册8B知识点梳理

The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a

cultural centre.

城北过去人口稀罕,但此刻成了文化中心。

4. pollution n .

[ 考点点拨 ] 常有短语: air pollution 空气污染; noise pollution 噪音污染; light

pollution 光污染。如:

I could hardly believe she had made a video about water pollution by herself.

我几乎不可以相信她靠自己制作了一份相关水污染的录像。

pollute 作动词,意为“污染” , pollute the air 污染空气。

5. interview n . & vt .

[ 考点点拨 ] interview 作名词,意为“采访,会见” ,还可作动词,意为“采访,面试” ;

interviewer 作名词,意为“采访者,面试官” 。如:

interview sb .= have an interview with sb. 采访某人

Sally became a member of the company after the job interview.

萨莉在求职面试后成为了这家企业的一员。

I interviewed Mr Zhang yesterday afternoon

= I had an interview with Mr Zhang yesterday afternoon.

昨天下午我采访了张先生。

6. return v.

[ 考点点拨 ] return 作“返回”讲时是不及物动词,相当于 come/get back: 作“送还”讲

时是及物动词,相当于 giveback 。 return to someplace 回到某处; return sth to sb. =

give sth .back to sb. 把某物还给某人。 return 自己含有 back 的意思,不可以再和 back 连

用。如:

他借了我的手机,还没还给我。

正: He borrowed my mobile phone and hasn't returned it to me.

误: He borrowed my mobile phone and hasn't returned it back to me.

二、核心句型 译林牛津八年级下册8B知识点梳理

1. You used to share food with me!

你 去常和我分享食品!

[ 考点点 ] used to do sth 去常常做某事( 在不做了) ; be used to do sth. = be

used for doing sth 是被 构,意 “被用来做某事” ; be used to doing sth 意

“ 于做某事” ,此中 to 介 ,后接名 、代 或 名 。如:

I used to play tennis but I don't play it very often now.

我 去常打网球,但 在不常打了。

Stamps are used to post letters.

= Stamps are used for posting letters.

票是用来寄信的。

I am used to going to school by bus.

我 于坐公交 去学校。

2. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we've

lived in this area since then.

当我 1965 年 婚 ,我和老婆搬到两个街区之外,从那此后向来住在 个地域。

[ 考点点 ] marry sb. 嫁 /娶某人; get married 婚

( 作); be married to sb. 与某人 婚(状 ) ; get

married to so. 与某人 婚( 作) 。如:

They married their daughter to an old rich man.

他 把女儿嫁 了一位年迈的富人。

This couple have been married for 50 years.

夫 婚已有 50 年了。

3. Anyway, it's good to see the amazing changes in the town.

不论怎 ,看到小 些令人惊讶的 化 是很好的。

[ 考点点 ] “It's+adj. (easy , important , bad, nice ⋯ )+ (for sb.) to do sth ”是英

中 用特别宽泛的一个句型,意 “ ( 某人来 )做某事是(简单的,重要的,坏的,

好的⋯⋯)”。此中 it 是形式主 , 无 意 , 真实的主 是后边的 不定式 to do sth 。 译林牛津八年级下册8B知识点梳理

如:

It is important for us to master a foreign language.

掌握一门外语对我们来说很重要。

三、要点语法

此刻达成时

1.基本构造为:助动词 have/has+ 动词的过去分词

(1) 表示过去发生的行为、 动作或状况对此刻造成的影响或结果。时间副词常用 just( 刚才 ) ,

already (已经), still( 仍旧 ) , recently (近来), yet (还、尚), ever (以前), never

(从不)。此中 just ,already 用于一定句; yet ,ever ,never 常用于疑问句或否认句; still ,

recently 可用于一定句、否认句或疑问句。如:

Have you ever been to Hong Kong?

你以前往过香港吗?

I haven't got the letter from my uncle yet. ‘

我还充公到我叔叔的信。

(2) 表示从过去开始并连续到此刻的行为、动作或状况。常与 for 或 since 指引的时间状语

连用。for 表示一段时间, 后接时间段.;since 表示“自从”,后接时间点。 (3) 也常与 so far( 迄

今为止 ) ,in the past several years( 在过去几年里 ) ,ever since (迄今),in/during/over

the past/last few years( 在过去几年里 ) 这种从过去到此刻的时间状语连用。在此类句子

中,谓语动词要用连续性动词,而不可以是短暂性动词。如:

The children have been away from home since the new term began.( 木用 left)

自重新学期开始,孩子们就已经走开了家。

2.详细的几组时间短语辨析

ago 用于一般过去时(用瞬时动词) ; since ... ago 用于此刻达成时; in the past 用于一

般过去时; in the past few years 用于此刻达成时; just now(置于句末 ) 用于一般过去时;

just( 置于句中 ) 用于此刻达成时。如:

I bought this dictionary three years ago.

= I have had this dictionary for three years.