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初中英语定语从句和时间状语从句

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状语从句

状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如：

1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call .(副词)

2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词短语)

3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式)

4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词)

状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子,它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

一、时间状语从句

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，, no sooner … than（一...就...）,

hardly …when（刚一...就...）

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.

The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard.

No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

1. when、 as、 while引导的时间状语从句分析：

(1) when引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”， when既可以指时间段也可指时间点， 从句中既可用延续性动词又可用非延续性动词， 且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生，

注意体会如下例句：

I’ll call you when I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。

When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. 只要风一吹， 这门就吱嘎作响。

He stopped trying, when he might have succeeded next time. 他不再试了， 其实他可能下一次就成功。

When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时， 妻子在做晚饭。

如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同， 而从句的谓语又是be动词时， 那么从句中的主语和be可以省略； 当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时， 往往还可以用“when＋分词”的形式替代该状语从句。例如：

When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help. 当你遭遇麻烦的时候去向她求助。

When I came into the room(=When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep. 当我进入房间的时候， 我发现他躺在那儿睡着了。 (2) while引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”， 它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行， 用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词， 或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中， 主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词， 例如：

Study while you study; play while you play. 该学习的时候就学习， 该玩的时候就玩。

I met her while I was at school. 当我在学校的时候我遇见了她。

(3) as引导时间状语从句时表示“当……时， 一边……一边……”， 侧重表示两个动作同时发生(包括一个主语同时进行两个动作)， 或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。例如：

He jumps as he goes along. 他边走边跳。

I slipped on the ice as I ran home. 我跑回家时在冰上滑了一跤。

I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 正当他下公共汽车时, 我看见了他。

As the wind rose the noise increased. 刮风的时候噪声增大。

1. I had just steeped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ____ I heard the steps. (南山中学)

A. while B. when C. since D. after 〔答案〕 B

〔解析〕 下划线处表示 “正在这时， 突然……”， 四个选项中只有when可以表示此含义。

2.He was about halfway through his meal ____ a familiar voice came to his ears. (绵阳外国语学校)

A. why B. where C. when D. while 〔答案〕 C

〔解析〕 下划线处表示 “正在这时， 突然……”， 四个选项中只有when可以表示此含义。

3.We were swimming in the lake ____ suddenly the storm started. (北京)

A. when B. while C. until D. before 〔答案〕 A

〔解析〕 题意为“当我们正在湖里游泳的时候突然暴风雨开始了”， 表示主句的动作处于从句的动作突然发生时应采用when(while不适合用于这样的语境)， when表示“当……的时候”受限制条件最少。

4. — I’m going to the post office. B

— ____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps? (达州市)

A. As B. While C. Because D. If 〔解析〕 主句中“get me some stamps”的动作发生在时间状语从句“you’re there”的过程之中， 因此应选while表示这一时间关系(属于while引导时间状语从句的两大基本用法之一)。注意： as有时也可用于表示主句的动作发生在从句动作的过程中， 但这一用法不是as引导时间状语从句的主要用法， 表示主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中时用while更为常见， 因此B选项是最佳选项。

5.____ the days went on, the weather got worse. (南山中学)

A. With B. Since C. While D. As 〔答案〕 D

〔解析〕 表示“the days went on”、 “the weather got worse”两个相互伴随地进行变化的动作， 应选as表示这一时间关系(while不适合用于这样的语境)。

6.Tom ____ into the house when no one ____. (重庆第二外国语学校) A

A. slipped; was looking B. had slipped; looked

C. slipped; had looked D. was slipping; looked

〔解析〕 题干当中的when表示“当……的时候”， slip表示“偷偷地、 悄悄地移动”， 在本题中表示非延续性的动作——“溜进了教室”的结果， 不适合用进行时态表示。第一个下划线处应填入slipped， 以一般过去时客观描述在过去某一时间上发生的动作； look表示延续性的动作， 可以持续进行， 所以第二个下划线处应填入was looking， 以过去进行时描述汤姆溜进教室的大背景。

注意： 如果主句的动作发生于表示“当……时”的时间状语从句中的动作的进行过程中， 从句常用进行时。例如： The landlady suspected that someone must have broken into the house when/while/as she was watching TV

show. 女房东怀疑在她看电视时曾有人闯入屋里。// When/While/As Tom was reading, Jim was arrested. 在汤姆看书的时候， 吉姆被逮捕了。

7． I ____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ____. (安徽) C

A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred

C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred

〔解析〕 根据题干句子含义， 事故发生于当我沿街行驶、 寻找停车之处的时候； 从句的动作发生在主句动作的过程中。主句的谓语动词go表示非延续性的动作， 可以持续进行， 应选用过去进行时的形式，

从句的谓语动词为非延续性动词， 应以一般过去时的形式表结果。

as soon as 一。。。就。。。

1.as soon as 引导时间状语从句当主句用一般过去时，从句中用一般过去时或过去完成时

He left as soon as the party began / had began.

As soon as he heard / had heard the news, he fainted.

2. as soon as 引导的从句也可以表将来，这是遵循主将从现原创（主句用将来时态，从句用现在时态）

I will call you as soon as I arrive Beijing.

As soon as I see him , I will tell him the news.

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初中英语定语从句

初中英语定语从句

定语从句

1. 基本知识精讲

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词.用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词（分为关系代词和关系副词）。定语从句一般放在先行词之后.如：

This is the engineer who will give us a talk on science。

先行词 关系词 定 语

从 句

一、由关系代词引导的定语从句

英语中的关系代词有who, whom, whose， which， that 和as.它们的用法如下：

1. who，whom的用法

who 和 whom 指人，在从句中分别作主语、宾语。作动词宾语时常被省掉。在口语中可用who代替whom。

The young worker who invented this tool is her brother.

This is the boy （whom) I helped。

2。 which的用法

which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语是在非正式语体中可以省略.如:

The factory which produces these cars is very large.

This is the book （which) you want.

3。 whose 的用法

whose指人或物，在从句中作定语，不可省略。Whose有时可用of which替换。如：

Do you live in the room whose window opens to the west？

This is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class。

4。 that的用法

that既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语.作宾语时，在非正式语体中常省略。如:

There were once six blind men that/ who lived in a village in India。

初中定语从句练习题及答案

初中定语从句练习题及答案

1 定语从句

一、单项填空

1. ---Who is the man _____ was talking to our English teacher?

---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.

A. he B. that C. whom D. which

2. I hate the people ______ don’t help others when they are in trouble.

A. who B. which C. they D. where

3. The foreigner _______ visited our school is from Canada.

A. which B. when C. who D. whom

4. George Mallory was an English school teacher ______ loved climbing.

A. who B. whom C. he D. which

5. This is the place _ ___I have ever visited.

A. there B. when C. where D. which

6. Nobody knows the reason _____ she didn’t come to the meeting.

A. that B. which C. why D. when

7. The moon is a world ____ there is no life.

A. that B. which C. where D. why

8. He has forgotten the day ______ he arrived.

初中英语状语从句讲解、练习与答案

初中英语状语从句讲解、练习与答案

1 冀教八年级

中考专题语法-----状语从句

状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。

1. 时间状语从句

(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如：

It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨） when got to school yesterday.

While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.

As he walked along（沿着走） the lake, he sang happily.

He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.

After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.

(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：

I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.

I will tell him everything when he comes back.

He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.

(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：

中考英语定语从句汇总

中考英语定语从句汇总

定 语 从 句 （提高班练习一）

定 语 从 句 （ Part I）

一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.

2) You must do everything that I do.

上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why

关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分

二、关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who指人，在从句中做主语

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)