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重点词汇短语细解一、重点词汇细解1．contribute vt.& vi.捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿(1)contribute sth. to 把某物捐献给……contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿(2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿make a contribution/contribution 对……做出贡献Eating too much fat can contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。
I was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for the new year.我受邀为报纸撰写一篇文章,对新的一年进行预测。
I’m sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.我相信你的建议一定有助于问题的解决。
The government should honor the engineer for the contribution he has made to the city’s development. 政府应为那位工程师对这座城市的发展所做出的贡献给予他荣誉。
Her contribution to the research went largely unacknowledged.她对这项研究的贡献大都被忽略了。
We made a contribution to the famine relief fund.我们给饥荒赈济基金捐了款。
His new contribution to the advancement of physiology was well appreciated.他对生理学发展的新贡献获得高度赞赏。
真题演练与单元复习【真题演练】Ⅰ.单项选择1.(2017·江苏卷·21)Many Chinese brands, their reputations over centuries,arefacing new challenges from the modern market.A.having developedB.being developedC.developedD.developing【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意:很多享有几百年盛誉的中国品牌,现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。
此处是现在分词的完成时作后置定语,修饰Many Chinese brands。
因为Many Chinese brands和develop之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,并且develop这一动作发生在谓语are facing之前,所以用现在分词的完成形式。
2.(2017·天津卷·10)I was watching the clock all through the meeting,as I had atrain .A.catchingB.caughtC.to catchD.to be caught【答案】C3.(2017·天津卷·14)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,more patients to be treated.A.being allowedB.allowingC.having allowedD.allowed【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意:最近这家医院已经获得了新的医疗设备,允许更多的病人得到治疗。
“获得了新的医疗设备”和“更多的病人得到治疗”之间是顺理成章的因果关系,且allow与the hospital之间为主动关系,故要动词的-ing形式作结果状语。
4.(2017·北京卷·27)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online their valuable time.A.saveB.savingC.to saveD.saved【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
备考试题训练第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if________ regularly, can improve our health.A. being carried outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out【答案】C .【解析】：=if proper amounts of exercise are carried out句意：这个实验表明合理的运动量可以促进我们的健康，如果运动量有规律的进行的话。
2. In order to make our city green，______ .A. it is necessary to have planted more treesB. many more trees need to plantC. our city needs more treesD. we must plant more trees【答案】D.3. If _______the same treatment again，he is sure to get well.A. givingB. getC. givenD. being given【答案】C.【解析】：句意为：如果再一次被给予同样的治疗，他一定会好的。
given是过去分词表被动，相当于he is given，主从句主语一致所以用了省略结构。
4 . Many scientists believe that global warming，if________，will cause extreme climate changes this century.A. not stopping C. 【解析】：考查状语从句的省略。
备考试题训练第一部分英语知识运用( 共两节，满分45 分 )第一节单项填空 ( 共 15 小题；每题 1 分，满分15 分 )从 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项。
1. He has recovered ________ of his friend .A . to their much delight B. to the much delightC. to much the delightD. much to the delight【答案】 D【分析】 :程度副词much / greatly修饰to one’s delight /surprise / disappointment构造时，置于这些构造以前。
2.The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself _______ by a young man inblack .A. was followedB. followedC. followingD. had been followed【答案】 B3. I found her nice and honest ________ I saw her.A. for the first timeB. the first timeC. on the first timeD. for the first time when【答案】 B【分析】：选项中能作连词指引从句的只有 B 项， the first time I saw her意为“我第一次见到她的时候”。
A、 D 为介词短语， C 项搭配错误。
4. If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.A.不填；theB.不填；aC. the; aD. the；the【答案】 C【分析】：表示“某空间内部的前部”时，front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配，表示“视线宽阔，视线优秀”之意；所以 C 项切合语境。
重点句型语法剖析三、重点句型剖析23. There is no need to do没有必要做某事There is no doubt that ………是毫无疑问的There is no possibility that….……是没有可能的There’s no point in doing sth. 做……没用/没意义It’s no good/ no harm/ no use doing sth.做某事没有好处There’s no use/ no goo d/ no point （in）doing sth. 做某事没有用处/好处It is no wonder that…难怪……(1) 我们有必要再去那一趟吗?__________________ for us to go there again?(2) 没必要给他写封信告知这个消息._________________ to write to him and inform him the news.【答案】：(1) Is there any need (2) There is no need【解析】本题主要考查there is no need句型的用法24. There followed St. Paul’s Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666.表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。
这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词; 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live 等表示状态的动词(表示存在).(1) Here ________ the bus. 公共汽车来了。
(2) There ________ the bell. 铃响了。
(3) There ________ a desk against the wall.靠墙放着一张书桌。
单元同步练习I. 语境填词1. It seems strange that he should have missed the deadline _____________ (deliberate).2. Mary must have done something wrong, because she’s looking so _____________ (guilt).3. I can’t give my _____________ (approve) to such an arrangement.4.To his _____________, he took first place in the exam. His parents were delighted to know about it. (delight)5. Professor Smith, who is famous in the medical _____________,_is paying a _____________ visit to our college. (profession)6. He has just been _____________ to the position of Export Manager for the company. He will have an _____________ with his first foreign customers tonight. (appointment)7.The _____________ is ready to _____________ others. When you require _____________, he is sure to come.(assist)8.We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists are very _____________. In other words, we _____________ the artists for their _____________ skills.(admire)9. You should keep us _____________ (inform) whenever you are in trouble.10. The new edition textbook _____________ (publish) by the Department of Education last month is popular with students.【答案】：1. deliberately 2. guilty 3. approval 4. delight; delighted 5. profession; professional 6. appointed; appointment 7. assistant; assist; assistance 8. admirable; admired; admirable 9. informed 10. Published 【解析】本题主要考查本单元的重点词汇II. 选词填空his office.2.The people of the whole country _________________ the terrorists _________________ their cruelty.3.China is paying more and more attention to education _________________ catch upwith advanced countries in science and technology.4.Andrew returned to the room and _________________ me _________________ his decision.5.You can _________________ him, for he is a man of his word.6. As a journalist, not only does Li Qiang _________________ news, but he also has admirable professional skills.7. He told this to somebody else，not realizing that he was not _________________.8. I bought some beef and vegetables _________________ make a soup for dinner.9. Although her father is the manager of the company, she got the job _________________.10. When I cleaned his room, I found a 100-yuan note _________________.【答案】：1. concentrated on2. accused…of3. so as to4. informed…of5. depend on6. have a good nose for7. supposed to8. so as to9. on her own 10. by accident 【解析】本题主要考查本单元的重点短语III. 单句语法填空1. My husband who is three years senior _________ me, is very considerate and always places me in the first place.2. The newly appoint ed mayor was said to be accused _________ cheating on his income tax.3. The diligent man is _________ (achieve) his goal, because he spares no effort to do the best for every detail.4. It is every citizen’s demand that the murderer who killed three child ren _________ (punish).5. My parents didn’t approve _________ my leaving school this year and I had to accept it.6. The knowledge _________ (acquire) in one’s childhood will make a stronger impression on him than what he learns at any other life stage.7. I have an _________ (appoint) with the manager of that company in the evening.8. There’s no _________ (deny) that a positive attitude towards life will be very helpful in lifting your spirits.9.The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, _________ (depend) on your different answers.10.Generally speaking, a political leader should have a good nose _________ currentaffairs.11. You should picture to yourself the brilliant future ahead _________ us.12. He has been working hard so as _________ (have) enough money to buy an apartment in the future.13. Our software, unless _________ (update) on a regular basis, may not serve us well in our work.14. _________ (inform) timely will help you prepare interesting questions beforehand.15. He is a _________ (gift) musician and promises to be a famous musician.16. _________ (acquire) a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.17. Many _________ (journal) as well as photographers have been invited to their opening ceremony.18. Betty is a promising young poet. So far over ten of her poems _________ (publish) in magazines.【答案】：1. to2. of3. to achieve4. (should) be punished5. of6. acquired7. appointment8. denying9. depending 10. for 11. of 12. to have 13. updated 14. Being informed 15. gifted 16. To acquire 17. journalists 18. have been published【解析】本题主要考查本单元的重点语法IV. 单句改错1. He is in a dangerous situation where he doesn’t know how to deal with. ___________________2. You’ll be faced with two choices — whether to be fired or not, depend on your performance in the work. ___________________3. You’d better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows. ___________________4. My parents don’t approve me making friends with him. ___________________5. It is demanded that a doctor must be sent for. ___________________6. He didn’t notice his mother enter his room with his attention concentrating on the computer games. ___________________【答案】：1. where →that/which或去掉where2. depend →depending3. 去掉of4. approve后加of5. must →should或去掉must6. concentrating →concentrated【解析】本题考查本单元的重要知识点V. 单项填空1. —______ he said at the meeting made everyone present angry.—Yes. We all ______ him of his rudeness.A. That；accusedB. What；accusedC. That；chargedD. /；charged【答案】B【解析】what引导主语从句并在从句中作said的宾语；accuse sb.of sth.“因……而指责某人”。
真题演练与单元复习真题演练(2017江苏高考)For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, 1 across the campus with their heavy instrument cases. 2 at school for practice hours 3 anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to 4 music, as he hated getting to school extra early.__5__，one day，in the music class that was __6_of his school’s standard curricular，he was playing idly （随意地）on the piano and found it ____7___to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually __8__doing it. He tried to hide his __9__pleasure from the music teacher, who had __10__over to listen. Hemight not have this particularly well, __11__the teacher told Gabriel that he hada good___12__and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there __13__ him. There he decided to give the cello（大提琴）a __14__.When he began practicing, he took it very __15__. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was __16__to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.This __17__, of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning, __18__his heavy instrument case across the campus to the __9__ looks of the non-musicians he had left __20__.1. A. travelling B. marching C. pacing D. struggling 【答案】D【解析】根据“with their heavy instrument cases”可知，每天上学的时候，Gabriel总是同情地看着背着沉重的乐器的同学们艰难地穿梭于校园中，struggle努力，艰难地行进，斗争，符合语境。
备考试题训练第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AChina, org. cn selected its top 10 people who moved China in 2012. These heroes included a jet engineer, a businessman, a teacher, as well as nurses and migrant workers. Here are the accounts of the exemplary deeds of Zhang Lili, a teacher. Zhang Lili is a teacher at the No. 19 Middle School in Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province. She suffered from serious injuries after saving two students from being hit by an oncoming bus on May 8.Zhang and her students were crossing the road just outside the school gate when suddenly a runaway school bus changed direction towards the students. Zhang managed to push both students out of the vehicle’s destructive (破坏的，毁灭性的)path, but she herself did get run over. Her legs were crushed and later had to be cut off above the knee.Bom on Jan. 19, 1984，in Jiamusi, Zhang was a 168cm-tall lively and cheerful young woman who had devoted herself entirely to her job. She got married in 2009. The couple planned on having a baby after the graduation of her class.Zhang’s act of heroism has moved a large number of people. She was even named “the most beautiful teacher” by netizens. She was awarded the “May I Labor Medal” and given the title of “Female Pace-setter” by authorities. She became a Party member in July.本文是一篇记叙文。
重点词汇短语细解一、重点词汇细解1．contribute vt.& vi.捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿(1)contribute sth. to 把某物捐献给……contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿(2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿make a contribution/contribution 对……做出贡献摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。
I was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for the new year.我受邀为报纸撰写一篇文章,对新的一年进行预测。
I’m sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.我相信你的建议一定有助于问题的解决。
The government should honor the engineer for the contribution he has made to the city’s development. 政府应为那位工程师对这座城市的发展所做出的贡献给予他荣誉。
Her contribution to the research went largely unacknowledged.她对这项研究的贡献大都被忽略了。
We made a contribution to the famine relief fund.我们给饥荒赈济基金捐了款。
His new contribution to the advancement of physiology was well appreciated.他对生理学发展的新贡献获得高度赞赏。
即时应用：①A large population and too many private cars contribute heavy traffic jam in the city.②如果你想往我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章寄给我。
备考试题训练第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Hot springs are said to help ________ skin diseases.A. damageB. produceC. ignoreD. treat【答案】D【解析】句意：温泉据说能帮助治疗皮肤疾病。
A. damage破坏；B. produce制造；C. ignore 忽视；D. treat治疗。
根据常识可知选D项。
2. —Heather, you said you started buying that expensive dog food. Does it really make a ________?—Yes. My dog seems much healthier than he did before.A. differenceB. gapC. fashionD. time【答案】A3. It’s a good habit to keep eve rything ________ in your study.A. in the wayB. in placeC. in handD. in case【答案】B【解析】句意：把书房里的物品摆放得井井有条是个好习惯。
in place在适当位置。
in the way 挡路；in hand手牵手，一起；in case以防万一。
故选B。
4. She knows how to make full use of her time and her parents never put ________ on her to work hard.A. forceB. pressureC. burdenD. weight【答案】B【解析】put pressure on sb. (to do sth). 给某人施压；强迫、促使或劝说某人（做某事）。
备考试题训练第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Not until he left his home ________to know how important the family was for him.A. did he beginB. had he begunC. he beganD. he has began【答案】A【解析】not until所引导的状语（从句）放在句首要用部分倒装。
2 . So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.A. did the attackB. the attack didC. was the attackD. the attack was【答案】C3. So difficult ______ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.A. I did findB. did I findC. I have foundD. have I found【答案】B【解析】以so＋adj./adv.开头的句子要在主句中进行部分倒装。
句意：我发现这个问题是那么的难，就问了汤姆。
4. —How many photos _______ so far?—About one hundred.A. do you takeB. did you takeC. have you takenD. will you take【答案】C【解析】根据so far可知要用现在完成时。
5. Only in this way ________ to make improvement in the operating system.A. you can hopeB. you did hopeC. can you hopeD. did you hope【答案】C【解析】由句意知应选用一般现在时态，only引导状语前置时，主句应用倒装形式，故C项为正确选项。
6. Special attention should be paid ________ our earth from________.A. to prevent；being pollutedB. to prevent；pollutingC. to preventing；being pollutedD. to preventing；polluted【答案】C【解析】pay attention to中的to是介词，应当接名词类的词或者短语；preventfrom中的from也是介词，其后也要接名词、代词或动名词；地球和pollute之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。
7. Nowhere else can you find ________ bed other than in your own sweet home.A. the comfortableB. the most comfortableC. a more comfortableD. a comfortable【答案】C8. With the help of her teachers and parents，Liu Ran eventually ________ her goal of passing the entrance examination.A. acquiredB. requiredC. scoredD. achieved【答案】D【解析】achieve one’s goal意为“达到目的，实现目标”。
acquire获得；require需要，要求；score a goal进球。
9. From facts，scientists have ________ that more energy is being absorbed from the sun，throwing the earth’s energy “out of balance”.A. confirmedB. concludedC. concentratedD. centered【答案】B【解析】句意表明：从事实中，科学家得出结论……。
conclude得出结论。
A项，进一步证实；C项，集中；D项，以……为中心，这三项均不符合语境意义。
10. Not having a good ________ of English can be a serious obstacle to achieving your goals.A. demandB. appreciationC. experienceD. command【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
command在此意为“掌握”。
句意为“学不好英语可能会严重阻碍你达到自己的目标”。
appreciation欣赏；理解，同情；感激。
11. Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost ________ his.A. as much twice asB. twice as much asC. much as twice asD. as twice much as【答案】B【解析】考查as----as同级比较前的修饰语位置。
twice应该放在第一个as之前，选B符合。
12. Her mother does not ______ of her going to study in the United States alone.A. admitB. agreeC. proveD. approve【答案】D【解析】此题考查动词短语的固定搭配。
句意：她母亲不同意她一个人单独去美国学习。
approve of“同意；赞成”。
其他选项不与of构成搭配。
13. He glanced out of the window，______ that the post office was still closed.A. notedB. having notedC. to noteD. noting【答案】D14. Into the sky ______ the light blue smoke.A. had gone upB. up wentC. did go upD. went up【答案】D【解析】此题考查倒装。
在英语中，当句首为表示地点的介词词组，并且谓语是不及物动词sit，live，stand，run，come，go等，主语为名词时，常用完全倒装。
此句正常语序为：The light blue smoke went up into the sky.15. —Here’s your change.—___________A. Thank you.B. Don’t mention it.C. No problemD. With pleasure.【答案】A【解析】句意为：“这是找你的零钱。
”“谢谢”。
A符合语境。
B用于回答道谢或道谦；C、D用于回答求助。
第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36～55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2017·江西红色七校二联) Many sports players have not only accomplished incredible acts of athleticism(运动能力),but also unbelievable acts of sportsmanship. There were some 16 examples in 2014,and I have 17 two that inspired me.One example of sportsmanship took place in the Sochi Olympics. Russian Anton Gafarov was hobbling (蹒跚而行) along the track, far 8 the rest of the skiers. One of his skis(滑雪板) was broken. He had tried to 9 with the damaged equipment. Canadian ski coach Justin Wadsworth was the only one who had an extra. Wadsworth didn’t want Gafarov to finish slowly, hobbling across the line. He wanted him to finish with 20 .The Canadian skiers were already out of the race, giving Wadsworth two 21 : Leave Gafarov to hobble across the line on one ski, 22 give him the spare one. Wadsworth gave him the extra ski, 23 Gafarov to get second place in the quarter-finals. 24 , he came in sixth in the semi-finals. 25 was Wadsworth who helped Gafarov complete his Olympic dream.The other example took place in the 2014 World Cup quarter-final match between Brazil and Colombia. The game had just ended. Brazil had won,2-1.Brazil was 26 on the sidelines, cheering and having a good time. Colombian midfielder James Rodriguez had just had his World Cup dream tore apart 27 scoring a record-breaking six goals in the competition. Brazil defender David Luiz walked over to him, pointed at him, and 28 the crowd to acknowledge him. He then declared his 29 for a game well played and 30 him for his wonderful World Cup performance. It made both the crowd and Rodriquez 31 .As an athlete, I know it’s easy to ge t caught up in the 32 of a game. But I also know that 33 is just as important as losing and winning.Always remember to 34 your opposing team. Play hard, but play fair. And always be nice. It’s the right thing to do and it always 35 .【语篇导读】作者通过两个赛场上的例子诠释了什么是真正的体育精神。
