(完整word版)初中英语单词重要词根.doc
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一．初中重要前缀1.否定 (a; dis; im; in; ir; il; non; un):a- amoral atypical pneumoniaab- abnormal absentdis-disable dislikeim/in/ir/il- immeasurable impartial inadequate inaccessible illegal illogical irrational irresistible irrevocablemis— mistake，misunderstandnon-nondurable，nonsenseun- unlike, unhappy, unalterable, unworldly unyieldinganti- anti-terrorist antiwar anti-dumping op- oppositeob-objectcounter-counter-strikecontra-contradictwith- withdraw2.空间（方位）上： over—overweight，overlook，super— superman，superstarup— upstream，upstairs下： de— decline decide departmentsub—subwayunder— underline里： il/im/in/ir inlandinter- Interruptintro— introduceem-embarrass外： ex— /es—exit， exralout—outside前： fore— before， foreheadpre—/pro—predict， progress，prefer后： post— postpone，posterafter— afterwards转移： transport，transformer遍及： circum— circumstancecircu—circuscross—crossroads遥远： tele—telephone，telegram，telescope，television在： a—aboard， asleep3.时间：先： ex— ex-husbandfore— foreseepro— professorante— anteroom，antelope后： after—afternoonstep— step-father中 mid— midday， Mid-A utum’ s day重复re— rewrite，replay， recycle4.程度高： over— overeatsuper— superstarextra— extraordinaryarch— arch-enemymacro— macrostructure低： sub—sub-editorvice—vice-presidentmicro— Microsoft, microwavemini — minibus， miniskirt5.数量一． uni-unit, China Unicom, USA, UN, UK二．ambi-/ bi-/twi-/di-/bi-dioxide, bicycle, amphibians, twins,ambassador 三． tri- tricycle ， triangle，十． de-， dec-December, decade百. cent-, cent, century千． kilo- kilogram ，kilometer多.multi-pole ， multi-media半. hemi-，semi-semicircle，hemisphere二．初中重要1.名后(1)具有某种或作的人1)-an, -ain, 表示 " ⋯⋯地方的人，精通⋯⋯的人” American, historian2)-al, 表示 "具有⋯⋯的人principal3)-ant, -ent, 表示 " ⋯⋯者” merchant, agent, servant, student,4)-ar, 表示 " ⋯⋯的人”scholar, liar5)-ary, 表示 "从事⋯⋯的人 " secretary, missionary6)-ant, 表示 "具有⋯⋯的人 " candidate, graduate7)-ator, 表示 "做⋯⋯的人 " educator, speculator(投机者 )8)-ee, 表示 "作承受者 " employee, examinee9)-eer, 表示 "从事于⋯⋯人" engineer, volunteer10)-er, 表示 "从事某种的人 , 某地区，地方的人 " banker, observer, Londoner, villager11)-ese, 表示 " ⋯⋯国人，⋯ ..地方的人” Japanese, Cantonese12)-ess, 表示 "阴性人称名，actress, hostess, manageress13)-eur, 表示 " ⋯⋯家” amateur, litté rateur14)-ian, 表示 " ⋯⋯地方人，信仰⋯⋯.教的人，从事⋯⋯的人” Christian,physician(内科医生 )， musician15)-ician, 表示 "精通者，⋯⋯家，” electrician, magician, technician16)-icist, 表示 " ⋯⋯家，⋯⋯.者,⋯⋯能.手” physicist, phoneticist, technicist 2)-ic, 表示 " ⋯⋯者，⋯⋯" mechanic, critic17)-ine, ian, 表示 "阴性人称 " heroine, ballerina18)-ist, 表示 "从事⋯⋯研究者，信仰⋯⋯主者 " pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist19)-ive, 表示 "作者，行者” native, captive20)-logist, 表示 " ⋯⋯学家，研究者 " biologist, geologist(地学家 )21)-or, 表示 " ⋯⋯者 " author, doctor, operator,22)-ster, 表示 "做⋯⋯.事情的人” youngster, gamester(徒 )，songster23)-yer, 表示 " 从事⋯⋯者” lawyer(2). 构成，具有抽象名的含1)-acy, 表示 "性，状，境遇 " accuracy, diplomacy2)-age, 表示 "状，行，身份及其果，称" courage, storage, marriage3)-al， a) 表示 " 事物的作，程” refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approvalb) 表示具体的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal4)-ance, -ence表示 "性，状况，行，程，量，程度” endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience5)-ancy, -ency, 表示 "性，状，行，程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,6)-bility,表示"作，性，状" possibility, feasibility,7)-craft, 表示 "工，技巧” woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft（治国策）8)-cracy, 表示 "治，支配 " bureaucracy, democracy9)-cy, 表示 "性，状，位，" bankruptcy(破 )，supremacy10)-dom, 表示 "等，域，状 " freedom, kingdom, wisdom11)-ery, -ry, 表示 "行，状，性 " bravery, bribery, rivalry12)-ety, 表示 "性，状” variety, dubiety(疑 )13)-faction, -facture, 表示 "作成，⋯⋯化，作用 " satisfaction, manufacture14)-hood, 表示 "格，身份 , 年，状 " childhood, manhood, falsehood15)-ice, 表示 "行，性，状 " notice, justice, service16)-ine, 表示 "有抽象概念 " medicine, discipline, famine17)-ing, 表示 "作的程，果 " building, writing, learning18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示 "行的程，果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction19)-ise, 表示 "性，状” exercise, merchandise(商 )20)-ism, 表示 "制度，主，学，信仰，行 " socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism21)-ity, 表示 "性，状，程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity22)-ment, 表示 "行，状，程，手段及其果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument23)-mony, 表示 "作的果，状 " ceremony, testimony24)-ness, 表示 "性，状，程度 " goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness25)-or, -our, 表示 "作，性，状 " favor, error,26)-osity, 表示 "作，状” curiosity27)-ship, 表示 "情况，性，技巧，技能及身份，” hardship, membership, friendship28)-th, 表示 "作，性，程，状" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth29)-tude, 表示 "性，状，程度 " latitude, altitude(海拔 )30)-ure, 表示 "行，果 " exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手 )，31)-y, 表示 "行的果，状，性” glory, history, victory, inquiry(3)有所，地方的含1)-age, 表示 "住所，地点 " village, cottage2)-ary, 表示 "住所，地 " library, granary (谷 )3)-ery, ry, 表示 "工作所，养所，地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手室 )4)-ory, 表示 "工作所，住 " factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory(4)有学，科技含1)-grapy, 表示 " ⋯⋯学，写法” biography, calligraphy, geography2)-ic, ics, 表示 " ⋯⋯学⋯⋯法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics3)-ology, 表示 " ⋯⋯学⋯⋯” biology, zoology, technology(工学)4)-nomy, 表示 " ⋯⋯学⋯⋯" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生学 )5)-ery, 表示 "学科，技 " chemistry, cookery, machinery6)-y, 表示 " ⋯⋯学，，法” photography, philosophy(5)表示人和事物的和，集合含1)-age, baggage, tonnage2)-dom,kingdom， freedom3)-hood, neighbourhood, livelihood4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁 )5)-ure, legislature, judicature(6)表示物品和物质名称的含义1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant2)-al, signal, pictorial(画报 )3)ar, collar, pillar( 石柱 )4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker5)-ery, drapery(绸缎 )6)-ing, clothing, matting,7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment(7)表示“细小”的含义1)-cle, particle,2)-cule, molecule(分子 )3)-el, parcel4)-en, chicken, maiden5)-et, pocket, ticket6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文 )7)-kin, napkin8)-ling, duckling,9)-let, booklet10)-y, baby, doggy11)-ie, 表示 "爱，指小 " dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘 )2.形容词后缀（ 1）带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible2)-al, natural, additional, educational3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent5)-ar, similar, popular, regular6)-ary, military, voluntary7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine9)-ing, moving, touching, daring10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的 )(2)表示“相象，类似”的含义1)-ish, boyish, childish2)-esque, picturesque3)-like, manlike, childlike4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly5)-some, troublesome, handsome6)-y, milky, pasty(3)表示“充分的”含义1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various3)-ent, violent,(4)表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen2)-ous, gaseous3)-fic, scientific(5)表示方向的含义1)-ern, eastern, western2)-ward, downward, forward(6)表示“倍数”的含义1)-ble, double, treble2)ple, triple3)-fold, twofold, tenfold(7)表示“数量关系”的含义1)-teen, thirteen2)-ty, fifty3)-th, fourth, fiftieth(8)表示国籍，种，宗教的含1)-an, Roman, European2)-ese, Chinese,3)-ish, English, Spanish(9)表示“比程度”的含1)-er, greater2)-ish, reddish, yellowish3)-est, highest4)-most, foremost, topmost(10)其他的含-less, 表示否定， countless, stainless, wireless3.后1)-ize, ise, 表示 "做成，成，⋯⋯化“ modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize2)-en, 表示 "使成，引起，使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden3)-fy, 表示 "使⋯⋯化, 使成” beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify4)-ish, 表示 "使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish5)-ate, 表示“成⋯⋯，理，作用” separate, operate, indicate4.副后1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply2)-ward, -wards, downward, inwards, upward3)-ways, always, sideways4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise三．初中英语重要词根1 act 行为 /举止 active action activate2 cap 帽子 / 罩着 /盖着 capable capacity capacious3 ceive 做(事情 ) conceive perceive receive deceive4 cess 行走 process access recess5 cide 切割 decide incidence accident biocide6 cite 说话 recite cite excite7 dem/demo 人/人民 democracy epidemic10 dict/dic 说话 predict dicionary dedicate addict11 dis 距离 /分开 distance distribute disinterested12 dom 领域 dominate predominate domain kingdom13 fend 遮挡物 defend offend14 fer 拿 prefer infer defer confer15 fess 说话 confess profess16 fin 边线 /边界 finite finish infinite definite indefinite17 flex 使弯折 flexible reflect18 flu 流动flu fluent flush fluctuate19 gress 行走congress progress aggressive20 ject 射 /喷射 reject eject inject deject21 leg 腿legal illegal legislation (isl: 通道） delegate allege22 less 没有careless valueless priceless worthless23 liter 文字 literature literal illiterate literary24 main 手maintain25 mand 命令 demand command26 mit 放射 /传送 emit commit submit transmit27 mod 模式 /模型 /模具 mode modify model commodity28 nat 本身的 /自然的 natural native29 nov 心奇 /心意 novel (adj.) novelty innnovate30 opt 选择 optional adopt optimism31 para 相对的 parallel parasite paradox (dilemma)32 part 一部分 partial impartial apart apartment33 pens 钱dispense compensate expensive34 plex 使弯折 perplex complex35 ply 含义 /内容 reply imply supply36 pot 坛子 potent potential impotent37 press 按压 compress pressing oppress repress suppress38 priv 权利 private deprive derive privilege39 scend 行走 descend ascend40 scrib 写 describe prescribe subscribe postscript manuscript41 sembl 集聚 assemble resemble42 sent 感觉 /感官 assent consent dissent43 serv 安放 preserve conserve reserve deserve44 sign 图标 /符号 assign design resign45 sol 太阳 solar system; solitary console isolate46 spec/spect 看 respect respective inspect prospect perspecitive47 sper/spir 呼吸 inspire conspire expire prosper desperate48 stit 坐 institute substitue constitute49 sum 归总 summarize summary consume resume50 tain 拿着 /托着 retain contain attain detain distain51 tend 伸展 /展开 extend tend intend tendency52 text 编织 texture context pretext53 tract 地域 /地带 attract tractor tractable intractable54 trans 通过 / 穿过 transport transit transmit transplant55 tribute 贡品 attribute distribute contribute56 vac 空/空的 vacant vacuum evacuate57 vers/vert 转换 /转向 conversation anniversary reverse introvert58 vis 看 vision visit supervise advise59 voc 说话 vocal vocation advocate60 vent 来/来临 advent ventilate convention补充：ab强调/否定aboriginalabuse absolute abnormalad倾向于pro倾向于re二次 /反复3. 自己的；自动的 (auto)autobiography;自传auto alarm;自动警报4.两个的；双重的 (bi)biweekly;两周一次的 /一周两次的bimonthly;两月一次的 /一月两次的biannually;一年两次的5.共同的 (co; con)cooperation;合作cohere;粘合coincide;一致 /符合concentrate;集中 (注意力 )conclude;总结6. 反对的；相反的 (contra)contradict; counterstrike; counterpart 矛盾反击配对物 / 人7.在之中；加强意义 (en) encourage;鼓励enlarge;放大enrich;使丰富enroll;招纳 /招募8. 好的 (eu)eulogy; euphony; euphemism; euthanasia; 赞歌悦耳之音委婉语安乐死9.前面的；在先的 (fore) forearm;前臂forehead;额头foresight;远见forefinger;食指10.之间的 (inter) international;国际的interfere;干涉interrupt;打断interval intervene; 间隔 /间隔的干涉 /干预11.错误的 (mis) mistake错误misapprehend; misunderstand; mistrust;误会 /误解误会 /误解不信任 /猜疑12.外面的；上面的；过度的 (over) overcoat大衣overlook;眺望 /远看 /概述overhear偶然听到overdue;迟到的13. 后(post)postpone; post-war; 推迟战后14. 前(pre)predict; prehistoric; prevent; preview; previous; 预测史前的防止预展 /预演之前的15. 半(semi)Semifinal; Semicolon; 半决赛分号16.上面的；过度的 (super) supernatural;超自然的supervise;监督superstition;迷信17.18多的 (multi)multilateral ；多边的unilateral;单边的multinational;多国的multiple;多样的 /多重的19单词结束表示总结 (虚的 ;无实际意义 ) Ible 形容词结束标志able 形容词结束标志al 形容词结束标志ate 动词结束标志tion/ation 名词结束标志ment 名词结束标志e 单词结束标志。
