非谓语动词之动名词
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非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)---动名词非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分。
动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。
Ⅰ、动名词的形式:一般式(谓语动词同时发生)doingbeing done完成式(谓语动词发生之前)having donehaving been done否定式:not + 动名词一般式:Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
被动式:He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。
完成式:We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。
完成被动式:He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
否定式:not + 动名词I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。
复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。
His not knowing English troubled him a lot.他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。
Ⅱ、动名词的句法功能:一、作主语:Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。
当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。
It's no use quarreling.争吵是没用的。
二、作表语:In the ant city,the queen's job is laying eggs.在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。
英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(动名词)敬告:以下内容,不参加高考等有语法题(语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等)考试的应用类学员无须深究,知道该语法结构的存在,及其充当的句子成分和功能即可,应多花时间练习听说读写,否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。
应试类学员有时间可以比较分析,基本搞懂。
动名词长什么样,就是动词加ing的形式,如playing, making, sitting;如果是及物动词,其后还可以跟宾语以及补语,如Finding a good job;动名词是名词化了的动词,所以它可以充当主语、宾语、定语和名词性的补语;(1)Being careless is not a good habit.(充当主语)(2) I hate talking with such people.(充当宾语)(3) I will bought a washing machine. (充当定语)(4) My favorite sport is skating. (充当表语,也就是主语补语)动名词长相与现在分词相同,但它们充当的句子成分有所不同,请比较现在分词;动名词有多种体现其时态和语态的形式。
1、动名词的一般式(doing)表示的动作通常是一般性动作,不明确地发生在过去、现在或将来的动作,或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作。
如:(1) I hate talking with such people.(2)Being careless is not a good habit.2、动名词的完成式(having done)表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。
如:(1) I don’t rememb er having met him before.(2) I have to say sorry for having given you so much trouble.3、动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作的承受者,用动名词用被动式(being done)。
非谓语动词用法精讲动名词的用法及注意事项非谓语动词用法精讲:动名词的用法及注意事项非谓语动词是指在句子中作除谓语以外的成分的动词形式。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词。
在本篇文章中,我们将重点介绍动名词的用法及注意事项。
一、动名词的定义与结构动名词是由动词加上-ing构成的名词,它具有双重性质。
它既是动词又是名词,因此可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和宾补等成分。
二、动名词作主语动名词作主语时,后面需要用动词的单数形式。
例如:Swimming is good for health.(游泳对健康有益。
)三、动名词作宾语动名词作宾语时,通常跟在动词后面,表示动作的宾语或者表达一种习惯。
例如:I enjoy playing basketball.(我喜欢打篮球。
)四、动名词作表语动名词作表语时,用来说明主语的特征、性质或所从事的活动。
例如:Her hobby is reading books.(她的爱好是读书。
)五、动名词作定语动名词作定语时,修饰名词,表示名词的用途、功能等。
例如:I bought a writing pen.(我买了一支书写用的钢笔。
)六、动名词作宾补有些动词后接动名词作宾补,表示被动或完成的意义。
例如:He kept me waiting for a long time.(他让我等了很久。
)七、动名词的注意事项1. 与介词to连用:有些动词后接动名词时需要在两者之间加上介词to,表示目的或作用。
例如:He is looking forward to seeing you.(他期待着见到你。
)2. 与不定式的区别:有些动词后既可接动名词又可接不定式,但含义上有所区别。
例如:I enjoy playing soccer.(我喜欢踢足球。
)I want to play soccer.(我想要踢足球。
)3. 直接加名词所有格:有些动词后接动名词作宾语时,可以直接加名词所有格,表示所属关系。
非谓语动词之动名词一、动名词作主语1.一般置于句首:Reading English is easier than speaking it.2.有时也可以用it作形式主语,而把动名词放在谓语动词之后。
It will be nice seeing them again.这类句子结构常见的还有:1)It’s no use…;It is no use crying over spilt milk.2)It's no good…;It is no good feeling self——satisfied over your first success.3)Is it any good…?Is it any good trying to exp1ain?4)It's a waste of time…;It's a waste of time arguing about it.3.动名词还可以在There is no…句子结构中做主语:There is no asking him to come now.He is busy.这种句子中的动名词常带有宾语,其句型含义相当于It is impossible to do…二、动名词作表语连系动词常与动名词连用,一起构成复合谓语:Our task is building China into a powerfu1 modern socialist country.三、动名词作宾语1.作动词宾语:This factory has stopped producing the old type of engine.必须接动名词作宾语的动词常见的有:consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,excuse,finish,give up,cannot help(禁不住),imagine,mind,miss,practise,put off,resist,suggest,pardon,stop,allow,permit,forbid,appreciate等。
非谓语动词之动名词在英语中,不能单独作谓语而具有除谓语动词以外的语法功能的动词叫非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分:动名词、动词不定式、分词(现在/过去分词)。
非谓语动词的否定式是在非谓语动词前直接加not。
动名词既具有动词的特征,又具有名词的句法功能。
其形式是:doing;否定式是:not doing。
(一)、动名词的形式:(1)一般式:Seeing is believing.(2)被动式:He came to the party without being invited.(3)完成式:We remembered having seen the film.(4)完成被动式:He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.(5)否定式(not + 动名词):I regret not following his advice.,(二)、动名词的句法功能:(1)作主语:Reading aloud is very helpful.Collecting stamps is interesting.当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。
如:It's no use/no good/not any good/not any use/useless/a waste of time/fun quarrelling.It’s no use reading the book.a, ------ What made him so unhappy------ the ticket for the football match.A. Having been lostB. LostC. Because of losingD. Losingb. Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.\(2)作宾语:We have to prevent the air from being polluted.注意:动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语。
非谓语动词—动名词一.构成:二.动词ing形式的一种,兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
主动被动一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done 三.句法功能1. 作主语:表示习惯性行为,谓语动词用单数。
句型:no use /no goodnot any use / good + doingIt be of little use /goodworthIt’s worth making an appointment before you go .2. 作宾语:1) 只用doing 作宾语的动词:建议承认感激、欣赏避免允许禁止推迟原谅考虑喜欢结束幻想否认介意想象冒险逃避坚持理解包括见到错过练习报告做了原谅抵抗阻止、防止容忍、忍受考虑建议盼原谅承认推迟没得想否认完成就欣赏禁止想象才冒险不禁介意准逃亡advise , allow, forbid, permit ,consider doingsb to do 2) 接doing 的短语:习惯于导致致力于、贡献回去继续做坚持反对开始考虑注意不能忍受放弃想要坚持感谢道歉忙于做…有困难花费做开心做1) doing 用于there be 和have 句型中:someanysb have much + difficulty / trouble ( in ) doinglittlea littlesome / anythere be little / a little + difficulty / trouble +(in) doingmuchsb have funa pleasure + (in) doinga good time there be no needuseharm + (in) doinggoodhurry2) 接to do 和doing的区别:remember forget regret stop trymeanlearngo on/ continuebe afraidfearcan’t helpbe surelove/ likehate/ dislikepreferstart/ begin3) want / need / require to dodoing = to be donesb to dodeserve n. be worth n.doing / to be done doing to be donebe worthy n. (不可接钱、价格)ofbeing done3.作表语:表抽象、概念,指多次经常的工作。
考研长难句:非谓语动词之动名词1.动名词作主语(1)直接位于句首作主语。
例如:Swimming is a good sport in summer. 在夏天游泳是一项很好的运动。
(2)用it作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。
动名词做主语时,不太常用it作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。
例如:It is no use telling him not to worry. 告诉他不要担心是没有用的。
(3)动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较:动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。
在意义上相近。
但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。
Smoking is not good for health. 吸烟对身体不好。
It is not good for you to smoke so much. 你抽这么多烟对身体不好。
2.动名词作宾语(1)只接doing做宾语的常见动词:admit, advise, avoid, appreciate (感激,欣赏), can't help(禁不住), can't bear (忍受不了), can't stand (忍受不了), delay, deny, endure, enjoy, escape, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, stop (停止) , mention, mind, miss (错过), postpone (推迟), practice, quit (戒), resist (抵制), resent, resume (恢复), risk, suggest, understand(2)介词宾语必须为doing:approve of ( 批准), insist on (坚持), keep (on) (继续), look forward to (盼望), object to (反对), put off (推迟), rely on (依靠, 依赖) , swear to (断言,坚决肯定), be accustomed to / to be used to (习惯于…)Furthermore, governments of many countries have taken effective measures to call on peopleto give up smoking.此外,许多国家的政府已采取有效措施,呼吁人民戒烟。
必修四Unit 2 语法----动名ing (作主语,宾语)姓名:_______非谓语动词:1.动名词:(可作主语,宾语,表语,定语,宾语补足语)2.动词不定3.分词动名词的时态,语态主动形式被动形式一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done 否定式在动名词(doing)前加上not动名词:一般式动名词一般式所表示的动作可与谓语动作同时,也可在谓语动作之前或之后,有时可能没有明确的先后关系1. 没有明确的先后关系。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
Being careless is not a good habit. 粗心不是一个好习惯。
His job is teaching. 他的工作是教书。
Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。
2. 与谓语动作同时发生。
He kept smiling. 他不停地笑。
We had a good time in dancing with them. 我们同他们跳舞玩得很开心。
3. 发生在谓语动作之前。
I apologize for not having kept my promise.我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。
He was praised for having made such a contribution to the country.他对国家做了大的贡献而受到表扬After reading your letter I knew what had happened. 看了你的信后我就知道出什么事了。
4. 发生在谓语动作之后。
He suggested bringing out a new type of bike. 他建议生产一种新型的自行车。
I am thinking of going to the Industrial Exhibition this afternoon.我想下午去看工业展览。
非谓语动词语法:动名词的用法在英语语法中,动名词是一种非谓语动词形式,它具有动词和名词的特点。
动名词以-ing结尾,并且可以作为名词使用,用于表达一种动作、状态或感受。
本文将介绍动名词的用法及相关注意事项。
1. 动名词作主语动名词可以作为句子的主语,通常位于句首。
例如:•Running is good for your health.(跑步对健康有好处。
)•Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
)2. 动名词作宾语动名词可以作及物动词的宾语。
例如:•I enjoy playing basketball.(我喜欢打篮球。
)•She admitted stealing money.(她承认偷了钱。
)需要注意的是,某些动词后面既可以接动名词,也可以接不定式。
例如,下面的动词可以接动名词或不定式作宾语:•想要(want)•喜欢(like)•开始(start)•继续(continue)•停止(stop)•完成(finish)动名词作宾语时,可以加上介词to,以表示目的或意图。
例如:•He is looking forward to meeting his friends.(他期待着见到他的朋友。
)•I am used to waking up early.(我习惯早起。
)3. 动名词作定语动名词可以作为名词的定语,用于修饰名词。
例如:•The running water is very clear.(流动的水非常清澈。
)•I need a writing pen.(我需要一支写字的笔。
)4. 动名词作表语动名词可以作为动词be的表语。
例如:•His favorite activity is playing guitar.(他最喜欢的活动是弹吉他。
)5. 动名词作宾语补足语动名词可以作为及物动词的宾语补足语,用于补充说明主语的动作。
例如:•I found him reading a book in the library.(我在图书馆发现他在读书。
非谓语动词之动名词(一)做主语和表语。
动名词短语用and连起来做主语时,谓语用复数形式。
例如:Fishing in this lake is forbidden.在It’s no use; It’s (no) good; It’s useless ; It’s (not) wise; It’s (not) worthwhile; It’s of great (no, little) importance 等习惯表达中,It为形式主语,而将做主语的动名词短语放在后面。
例如:It’s no use /good ringing her up now. 现在给她打电话没用了。
It is of great importance fighting against pollution.(二)动名词短语作宾语。
常用的能接动名词的动词有:admit承认,appreciate 感激,avoid 避免,advise 建议,can’t help 不禁,celebrate 庆祝,consider 考虑,complete 完成,contemplate沉思、打算,defer推迟,delay 延期,deny 否认,detest 痛恨,discontinue 停止,dislike不喜欢,dispute不同意,endure 忍耐,enjoy 喜欢,escape 逃脱,excuse 原谅,fancy想象,feel like 想要,finish结束,严禁,forgive 原谅,hinder 阻碍,imagine想象,keep 保持,mention 提到,mind 在意,miss 错过,pardon 饶恕、原谅,permit允许,postpone 推迟,practise 实践、练习,prevent 阻止,recall 回忆,report报告,resent 怨恨,resist抵制、阻止,risk冒险,stop 停止,suggest 建议,understand 明白、理解,等等。
动名词动名词是动词的另外一种非限定形式,通常由动词+-ing形式构成。
它具备动词的某些特点,有时态和语态上的变化,可以有自己的宾语或状语;也具备名词的特点,可以带冠词,被形容词、代词及名词所有格所修饰,在句中起名词的作用,单独或引起短语作主语,表语,宾语,或介词的宾语等。
一、动名词的形式和意义因为动名词具备动词的特征,所以它也有时态和语态上的变化。
以do为例:1. 动名词的一般式通常表示一般性动作(即不是明确地在过去、现在或将来发生的动作),或是表示与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的动作。
e.g. I) They are interested in climbing mountains.II) He took a great delight in helping others.2. 如果动名词所代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,则通常用动名词的完成形式。
e.g. I) He de nied having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper. 他否认偷看了他同桌的考卷。
II) He was praised for having made such a contribution to the country.【注】在某些动词后或成语中,也常用动名词的一般形式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前所发生的动作。
e.g. I) I don’t remember ever seeing him anywhere.II) Thank you for giving us so much help.3. 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时,这动名词一般要用被动形式。
如果动名词所表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生,有时还需用动名词的完成被动式。
e.g. I) He could not bear being made fun of like that. 人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。
非谓语动词之动名词和不定式的辨析非谓语动词是指在句子中作宾语、状语、定语等成分时,不以谓语动词形式出现的动词形式。
其中,动名词和不定式是非谓语动词的两种常见形式。
本文将对动名词和不定式进行辨析,明确它们的用法和区别。
一、动名词动名词是由动词+ing构成的名词形式,具有名词的特征,可作主语、宾语、表语、宾补或介词宾语等。
作为非谓语动词,动名词可以表示动作、状态或者具体事物。
1. 动名词作主语- Smoking is harmful to health.(抽烟对健康有害。
)- Jogging in the park is a good way to relax.(在公园慢跑是一种很好的放松方式。
)2. 动名词作宾语- He enjoys swimming in the ocean.(他喜欢在海洋中游泳。
)- She avoids eating junk food.(她避免吃垃圾食品。
)3. 动名词作表语/宾补- Her favorite hobby is dancing.(她最喜欢的爱好就是跳舞。
)- I found him sleeping in the library.(我发现他在图书馆里睡觉。
)4. 动名词作介词宾语- He is tired of waiting for the bus.(他厌倦了等公交车。
)- She is good at playing the piano.(她擅长弹钢琴。
)二、不定式不定式是由"to + 动词原形"构成的形式,具有动词和名词的特征,可作主语、宾语、表语、宾补和定语等。
作为非谓语动词,不定式可以表示目的、原因、结果和程度等。
1. 不定式作主语- To learn a new language requires patience and persistence.(学习一门新语言需要耐心和坚持。
)- To succeed in life is everyone's ultimate goal.(在生活中取得成功是每个人的终极目标。
1英语非谓语之动名词(初)知识定位动名词是非谓语动词的一种,它由动词原形加-ing 构成,形式上与现在分词相同。
动名词除具有动词的性质外,还具有名词的性质。
初中学习阶段,要求学生了解基本概念,掌握一些常用的固定词组即可。
在目前的中考英语中,动名词的考察形式也是多种多样。
可能是以固定搭配的形式出现在基础题中,每年的题目在1-2 题左右;也可能在阅读和写作当中有所涉及,尤其是写作中如果适当使用动名词,会给文章增色不少。
知识梳理一、定义动名词,就是动词后加ing 的形式,即doing sth. 它的作用相当于一个名词,所以叫做“动名词”。
二、动名词的特征及作用动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。
它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。
动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词属于非谓语动词中的一种,所以它不可以做谓语。
动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。
1、动名词作主语:Talking like that is not polite. 那样谈话不礼貌.Learning from others is important. 向别人学习很重要.Putting on more clothes is not so good . 多穿衣服不一定好.动名词作主语通常用一般式,可以像动词不定式一样,用it 先行词代替,而把动名词写在后面.It's no use waiting here, let's go home. 在这儿等着也没用,我们回家吧.It's very difficult climbing this mountain. 爬这座山很困难.2、动名词作表语The nurse's job is looking after the patients. 护士的工作是护理病人.Seeing is believing. 眼见为实.3、动名词作定语She is studying in the reading room. 她在阅览室学习.He slept in the sleeping bag. 他在睡袋里睡觉.4、动名词作宾语Please stop smoking in the house. 请不要在家里抽烟.I like reading in the forest. 我喜欢在树林里读书.Do you mind my opening the windows? 你介意我打开窗户吗?She is found of collecting stamp. 她喜欢集邮.【例题】指出下列句子中动名词/现在分词或动名词/现在分词短语做句子的什么成份:Climbing mountains is really fun.2It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulati ons. We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. a walking stickBe careful while crossing the street. Seeing is believing. My work is cleaning the house. Be careful while crossing the street.三、动名词和现在分词的区别:动名词:动词的-ing 形式,相当于名词在句子中的用法;现在分词:具有动词的特征,可以表示一个正在进行、主动的动作。
非谓语动词(二)动名词1. The man caught hold of the side of the lifeboat and narrowly escaped ______.A. to be drownedB. from drowningC. being drownedD. from being drowned2. _____ for several years, I was excited to return to the place where I was born and brought up.A. Since being awayB. Since leavingC. After being awayD. After being left3. Instead of _____ the teacher to explain, Mary _____ her own conclusion.A. waiting, came toB. waiting, reachedC. waiting for, formedD. waiting for, draw4. _____ by the teacher to leave the classroom made him feel ashamed.A. AskedB. Being askedC. Having askedD. to have asked5. ______ by his colleagues as a “distinguished teacher” has supported the notion (观念) that he is doing a good job.A. Being electedB. ElectedC. ElectingD. Having elected6. – What do you think his job is in the restaurant?- Just ____ plates and dishes in the kitchen.A. washB. washingC. to be washingD. of washing7. I can hardly stand his rude manners. I object _____ like a child.A. to being treatedB. being treatedC. to be treatedD. to treat8. – Do you mean _____ a ballet dancer?- Yes.- But training to be a ballet dancer means ____ at least six hours every day.A. being, practisingB. to be, practisingC. to be, to practiseD. being, to practise9. I suppose _____ something and _____ it understand and accepted is satisfactory.A. write, haveB. writing, havingC. to write, havingD. writing, to have10. – Did you hear about _____ his job?- Yes. I was surprised because he’s a fine worker.A. Robert being lostB. Robert to have lostC. Robert losingD. Robert had lost11. I have no objection _____ the weekend with my children.A. to spendB. to spendingC. for you to spendD. to your spending12. “Did you help with the new advertisement?”“Yes, I was in charge of the work _____ on it.”A. doingB. which doneC. being doneD. to do13. This model worker is worth ____.A. learning fromB. being learned fromC. to be learned fromD. to learn from14. “I’m afraid you’ll have to come to an interview before we decide whether we’ll hire you.”“That’s OK. I wouldn’t mind ______.”A. interviewB. interviewingC. being interviewedD. having interviewed15. “Let me tell you something about the journalists.”“Don’t you remember ______ me the story yesterday?”A. toldB. tellingC. to tellD. to have told16. Please excuse _____ you.A. me to delayB. for me to delayC. for my delayingD. my delaying17. “What do you think made Mary so upset?”“_____ her new bicycle.”A. As she lostB. LostC. LosingD. Because of losing18. These football players had no strict ____ until they joined our club.A. practiseB. educationC. trainD. training19. Just after putting away the dishes, _____.A. the doorbell rang loudB. Nancy heard the doorbell ringC. someone knocked at the doorD. the doorbell was rung20. I really appreciate _____ to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have had timeB. having timeC. to have timeD. to having time21. _____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposed22. I don’t think the play is worth _____.A. to seeB. seeingC. to be seenD. being seen23. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ____ some schools for poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up24. “I usually go there by train.”“Why not _____ by boat for a change?”A. to try goingB. trying to goC. to try and goD. try going25. I would appreciate ____ back this afternoon.A. you to callB. you callC. your callingD. you’re calling26. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ____ into buying something they don’t really need.A. to persuadeB. persuadingC. being persuadedD. be persuaded27. How about the two of us _____ a walk down the garden?A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking28. “I must apologize for ____ ahead of time.”“That’s all right.”A. letting you not knowB. not letting you knowC. letting you know notD. letting not you know29. She looks forward every spring to _____ the flower-lined garden.A. visitB. paying a visitC. walk inD. walking in30. Once your business becomes international, ______ constantly will be part of your life.A. you flyB. your flightC. flightD. flying31. “The old lady has been sad since her husband died.”“Yes, she needs _____.”A. being comfortedB. comfortingC. be comfortedD. to comfort32. They didn’t like him at first, but they ended up ____ the praises of him.A. to singB. singingC. and sangD. sung33. Some movie stars are always wearing sunglasses, afraid of ______.A. recognizing some fansB. being recognizedC. having been recognizedD. having recognized34. You can hardly imagine Bob ____ the housework by himself.A. doB. have doneC. to doD. doing35. The new computer leads to _____ a lot of people and labour. It’s a ____ machine.A. save, labour-savingB. saving, labour-savedC. saving, labour-savingD. save, labour-saved36. What made me puzzled was _____ to Jiao Tong University.A. her being not admittedB. being her not admittedC. her not being admittedD. having not been admitted37. What about _____ to the Summer Palace ____ the weekend.A. to go, forB. to go, atC. going, forD. going at38. Can you imagine the best boy in the class ______ in the examination?A. CheatingB. to cheatC. cheatD. to have cheated39. They say _____ is no use _______ over spilt milk.A. that, to cryB. it, to cryC. that, cryingD. it, crying40. Do you remember ______ to professor Smith during your last visit?A. to be introducedB. being introducedC. having introducedD. to have introduced41. The manager of the company said they should have prevented such silly mistakes ______.A. occurringB. being occurredC. to occurD. from being occurred42. _______ is worth doing at all is worth doing well.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhateverD. If43. We were delighted to find the trees planted a year before _____ very tall.A. grownB. being grownC. to have been growingD. growing44. She didn’t mind _____ all her spare time to _____ the sick old woman.A. to give, helpB. to give, helpingC. giving, helpD. giving, helping45. Your door needs _____. Would you like me to do it for you?A. to paintB. paintingC. paintD. to be painting46. It’s no use _____ me at the office this week because I’m ________.A. to ring, on my leaveB. to ring, at leaveC. ringing, in holidaysD. ringing, on holiday47. On hearing the _____ result, all the teachers of Class Six couldn’t help _____.A. satisfied, to jumpB. satisfactory, to jumpC. satisfied, jumpingD. satisfactory, jumping48. What I really mean is the noise of ______.A. the desks being opened and shutB. the desks’ being opened and shutC. the desks opening and shuttingD. the desks’ opening and shutting49. Why not try _____ in more sugar – that might make the soup taste a bit better?A. putB. to putC. puttingD. being put50. The farmer who admitted _____ the tiger was severely punished.A. to killB. killingC. killedD. to have killed51. _____ the sad news, she burst out ______.A. On, cryingB. At, cryingC. At, tearsD. On, tears52. His hesitation means _____ the chance.A. to give upB. giving upC. to give inD. giving in53. _____ president for so long, it was an unpleasant thought that he would have to take a back seat.A. After beingB. BeingC. To have beenD. Not being54. Do you remember _____ to Mr. Green during your last visit?A. to be introducedB. being introducedC. to introduceD. having introduced55. I realized we should do something to avoid _____ to death.A. freezingB. to freezeC. to be frozenD. being frozen56. You may have been right when you said I didn’t have to help him. But I don’t regret ___ what I thought was right.A. having to doB. being doneC. to doD. to have done57. Soon I got used _____ at seven in the morning.A. to riseB. to have risenC. to risingD. to be rising58. Excuse _____ you, but I have an important message for you.A. me to interruptB. for my being interruptedC. my interruptingD. me of interrupting59. She used to _____ a girl used to ____ jokes.A. be, makeB. be, makingC. being, makingD. being , tell60. No one likes _____ at in public.A. a laughingB. to laughC. laughedD. being laughed61. Mike doesn’t regret ____ even if it might have upset her.A. to tell her what he thoughtB. to tell her that he thoughtC. telling her what he thoughtD. telling her that he thought62. Do you think his hesitation means ______ an underwater tunnel here?A. giving up buildingB. to give up buildingC. giving up to buildD. to give up to build63. There is no risk ______ when your boat is upset if you learn to swim.A. of your being drownedB. for you to be drownedC. that you will be drownedD. at you being drowned64. The idea of fighting a noise ____ more noise wounds strange, but that’s exactly what some scientists are doing.A. to makeB. for makingC. only to makeD. by making65. Doctors say that ____ to sunlight for a long time is harmful to one’s skin.A. exposedB. exposingC. being exposedD. to expose66. A man can never accomplish if he always puts off _____ a decision.A. to makeB. makingC. in makingD. till making67. I regretted _____ my son for the mistake, for I later found that it was my own fault.A. to blameB. blamingC. blamedD. being to blame68. The whole family objected _____ a Japanese.A. Jane to marryB. that Jane should marryC. to Jane’s marryingD. Jane from marrying69. Having lived in France for many years, they still enjoyed the foods ____ in their homeland.A. which were used to havingB. they were used to havingC. which used to haveD. they were used to have70. ______ the next morning upset his parents very much.A. His being operated onB. Her would be operated onC. Him to be operated onD. The fact that he be operated on71. They couldn’t stand _____ by the host at the party.A. to be neglectedB. being neglectedC. neglectedD. that they were neglected72. A heavy smoker is usually unaware of the damage _____ to his body while he continues to smoke.A. having been doneB. to have been doneC. to be doingD. being done73. I can hardly imagine Kate _____ so difficult a job in three days.A. doingB. to do c. to have done D. has done74. The news of victory _____ in.A. keep pouringB. keep to pourC. keeps pouringD. keeps poured75. He ______ to bed early, but now he ______ to bed late.A. used to go, is used to goingB. used to go, is used to goC. uses to go, is used to goD. uses to go, is used to going76. It is no use _____ a lot without doing anything.A. talkB. talking c. to talk D. to talking77. I can hardly imagine Victor _____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A. sailB. to sail B. sailing D. to have sailed78. They dare not tell the truth, for they are afraid _____.A. to be laughedB. of laughing atC. of being laughed atD. being laughed at79. Only ____ students in Senior Three can _____ so much time traveling.A. very few, takeB. a few, spareC. few, findD. few, spend80. The rocks brought from the moon are ______.A. worth to studyB. worthy of being studiedC. worthy of studyingD. worth being studied81. I need ______ a cleaner. The room needs ______.A. to get, to cleanB. get, to be cleanedC. getting, cleaningD. to get, cleaning82. Don’t you still remember _____ him once when you were in Paris?A. having metB. to have metC. to meetD. had met83. My uncle _____ live in the north, but he _____ the hot weather in the south now.A. used to, is used toB. used to, used toC. was used to, is used toD. was used to, used to84. His stomach began to _____ because of the bad food he had eaten.A. painB. acheC. be hurtD. go bad85. “What made his mother angry?”“____________.”A. Because he had lost the ticketB. Because of his having lost the ticketC. As he had lost the ticketD. Having lost the ticket86. He kept _____ how things were going on in the earthquake areas.A. informed us ofB. informing us ofC. us informing ofD. informing on87. That’s one of those questions that really don’t need _____.A. to answerB. answerC. answeringD. being answered88. Have you got used to ______ in a quiet place?A. to live aloneB. live aloneC. living aloneD. lived alone89. Without _____, the boy was hit by a third bullet and fell from the tree, dead.A. able to finish his wordsB. abling to finish his wordsC. being able to finish his wordsD. being able finished his words90. the children are fond of _____ to the New Year party, and they don’t mind ____ there till midnight.A. inviting, keepingB. invite, keepC. be invited, stayD. being invited, being kept91. Her suggestion is worth ____ seriously.A. consideringB. being consideredC. to considerD. of considering92. Did you have difficulty _____ the professor’s house in the dark?A. to findB. findingC. by findingD. to have found93. It is no use ____ any more since you have made the decision.A. to discussB. to be discussedC. discussingD. for discussion94. Trying without success is better than _____ at all.A. not to tryB. to not tryC. not tryingD. trying not95. The milk is too cold. It requires ______.A. to heatB. heatingC. to be hotD. being heated96. _________ the work in that way would cost much more time and money.A. If doingB. DoC. To be doingD. Doing97. Do you object _____ Japanese as a second foreign language?A. to my choosingB. for me to chooseC. that I chooseD. that I should choose98. Anyone who does a crime won’t _____.A. escape to be punishedB. be escaped punishingC. be escaped to punishD. escape being punished99. _____ as the top student on her campus made her parents very happy.A. Jane was chosenB. Jane’s being chosenC. Jane chosenD. Jane to be chosen 100. The murderer was sentenced to death even though he had admitted _____ the small boy.A. killingB. to have killedC. to killD. by having killing 101. We are looking forward to ______ you at our party, but we wouldn’t mind ____ soon if you have to.A. have, you to leaveB. having, your leavingC. have, your leavingD. having, your being left 102. We don’t allow ______ in the school.A. smokingB. to smokeC. they smokingD. anyone smoked103. Bethune never stopped ___ to save our wounded soldiers ____ he died at his post on November 12, 1939.A. working, untilB. to work, untilC. working, not untilD. to work, not until 104. He set about _____ the experiment last month and succeeded _____ a good result.A. doing, in gettingB. doing, to getC. to do, in gettingD. to do, to get105. I can’t _____ feeling angry about it.A. beB. helpC. sayD. do106. What about ____ a drink in that inn?A. havingB. to haveC. haveD. to having107. They went on _____ football all afternoon.A. playsB. playedC. playD. playing108. He was busy _______ his lessons.A. prepareB. to prepareC. preparingD. prepared109. He is _____ an artist.A. on the way to becomeB. on the way to becomingC. on way to becomeD. on the way become 110. He succeeded ______ everyone laugh.A. in makingB. to makeC. for makingD. in make111. Your window wants _____, you’d better have it _____ this week.A. cleaning, doB. to be cleaned, doC. cleaning, doneD. being cleaned, done 112. I’ll never forget _____ you for the first time.A. to meetB. meetingC. to have metD. having to be meeting 113. Tired of the cold weather in New England, Mr. And Mrs. Smith are considering _____ to the south.A. to moveB. movingC. moveD. to be moving114. ______ the Victoria Line with other lines of ten caused great problems.A. ConnectB. ConnectingC. ConnectedD. Connection115. The _____ video games all day made his mother very angry.A. child’s playingB. child playingC. child’s playD. child play116. These days he is busy ____ a job but no job _____ him.A. finding, suitB. look for, suitC. finding, is suitable toD. looking for, suits 117. The old nurse devoted herself ______ the patients.A. to look afterB. to looking afterC. in looking afterD. for looking after 118. The house needs _____ before we move in.A. to cleanB. being cleanedC. cleanedD. cleaning119. If you miss _____ for a couple of hours, no harm _____ to you.A. sleeping, will doB. to sleep, will be doneC. to sleep, will doD. sleeping, will be done 120. She didn’t mind _____ all her spare time to _____ the sick old lady.A. to give, helpB. to give, helpingC. giving, helpD. giving, helping 121. How much time does he spend ____ piano every day?A. practising playingB. to practise playing theC. practising playing theD. to practise playing 122. I am sure all of us have had experience of _____ when we are worried about something.A. staying wakingB. remaining wakeningC. staying awakeD. remaining awakened 123. I meant to have a look at books in stock, but at last I _____ a number of reference books.A. ended up buyingB. finished withC. ended with getting upD. finished off124. ______ a supermarket near our school is a great advantage.A. There beingB. There to beC. BeingD. There is125. He suggested _____ to Beijing by plane and _____ without a word.A. going, leftB. to go, to leaveC. going, leavingD. go, left126. He walked into the library on tiptoe, afraid _____ the others.A. of disturbingB. to disturbC. for disturbingD. about disturbing 127. Scanning before you read means _____ quickly and thoroughly.A. to look a passageB. looking a passageC. to look over a passageD. looking over a passage 128. Last night the policemen caught a thief _____ Wang’s car.A. when stealingB. that he stoleC. when stolenD. stealing129. The discovery of new evidence led to _______.A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught130. At that time she was so angry that she felt like ______ something at him.A. to throwB. throwingC. to have thrownD. having thrown131. ______ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A. The mayor will attendB. The mayor to attendC. The mayor is attendingD. The mayor’s attending 132. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A. having been finedB. to finedC. to have been finedD. being fined133. The old man caught a thief _____ Mike’s bike.A. to stealB. stealingC. steelingD. steal134. Wind can send a junk(帆船) ______.A. sailingB. to sailC. sailD. sailed135. Fancy his _____ like that.A. talkingB. to talkC. talkD. talked1. CCCBA 6. BABBC 11. DCACB 16. DCDBB 21. CBBDC 26. CCBDD 31. BBBDC 36. CCADB 41. ACDDB 46. DDACB 51. BBABD 56. ACCBD 61. CAADC 66. BBCBA 71. BDACA 76. BCCDB 81. DAABD 86. BCCCD 91. ABCCB 96. DADBA 101. BAAAB 106. ADCBA 111. CBBBA 116. DBDDD 121. CCAAA 126. ADDCB 131.DDBAA。