高中英语课件必修3表语从句文档
- 格式:doc
- 大小:71.50 KB
- 文档页数:4
Grammar宾语从句与表语从句名词性从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
名词性从句的作用相当于名词,因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
主语从句: Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句: I want to know what he has told you.表语从句: The fact is that we have lost the game.同位语从句: The news that we won the game is exciting.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词 (不充当从句的任何成分 ):that ,whether ,if连接代词:what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever连接副词: when ,where ,how ,whyObject Clauses宾语从句请对应写出句子成分I know him.()()()I know who he is.()()()请用横线画出下面句子的宾语从句部分。
1、I know him.2、Do you have the time?3、I think that she is beautiful.4、Why don’tyou pay attention to me?总结:宾语通常位于谓 _____________或者 _____________后一、宾语从句的概念:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
位置:通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
句子结构:主句+连词 (引导词 )+ 宾语从句e.g.She asked if these answers were right.We can learn what we do not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A.I don ’ t knowwhere we will hold the meeting.通过观察,我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序:接 +主 ++其他成分:1)Could you tell me______.A. you will get here whenB. when will you get hereC. get here when you willD. when you will get here2)Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school.A. did he hadB. does he hadC. he hasD. he had3)Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture.A. whatB. ifC. whereD. how二、接1、从属接 (不充当从句的任何成分 ): that ,whether ,if1)、 I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.2)、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us注:1、由 that 引的述句性的从句,在很多如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等后。
必修三Unit3表语从句表语:位于系动词之后,用来说明主语的特征,属性,状态,身份等.表语从句:一般位于主语和系动词之后,通常对主语的内容起解释和进一步说明的作用.表语从句的链接词连接词:that / whether /as if /as though (if不引导表语从句)连接代词:who / whom / whose / which / what连接副词:when / where / why / how /because详细讲解:1. 以that 引导的表语从句,that无意义,通常不能省略,但在口语或非正式文体中可以省略。
The truth is (that)I have never seen him.2. 以whether 引导的表语从句。
注意:If 不能引导表语从句The question is whether he is able to do it alone.The question is whether we can rely on him.3. 以wh-引导的表语从句This is what I am interested in.That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.4. as / as if / as though 引导的表语从句此类表语从句常跟特定动词后面,如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。
He looked just as he had looked ten years before.It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.He looked as if he was going to cry .注意:(1)在as if, as though 等引导表语从句中,表示与事实相一致时,要用陈述语气。
Unit3. 表语从句和宾语从句一.表语从句表语从句一定义:A 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
The problem is puzzling.主语连系动词形容词作表语The problem is when we can get a pay rise.主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句B 连接表语从句的连接词有:that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.例句He has become a teacher.He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.She has remained there for an hour.She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.His suggestion is good.His suggestion is that we should stay calm.The question is confusing.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.why he cried yesterday.how I can persuade her to join us in the party.whether the enemy is marching towards us.二注意:A .表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B .不可以用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)。
表语从句【教学内容】表语从句【教学日标】熟练掌握表语从句的用法【教学重难点】连接词的使用【教学过程】什么是表语从句:在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。
能引导宾语从句的连词皆可引导表语从句。
例:1 .She is a girl.2.The question is who are you.(整个句子作表语■)▼表语从句的连接词引导表语从句的连接词主要有以下几类:一、从属连词引导表语从句的从属连词有that和whether.that和whether在表语从句中不作任何成分,that无具体意义, whether仍有“是否”的意义。
—>The reason for your mistake is (that) you lack confidence in yourself.你犯错误的原因是你本身缺乏信心。
—>The question is whether we can reduce the cost of the product.问题是我们能否降低产品的成本。
注:一般不用if引导表语从句。
二、连接代词引导表语从句的连接代词主要Tf who(cvcr),whom(cvcr),whosc(cvcr),what(cvcr),which(cvcr)等—>This is what I am interested in.这就是我所感兴趣的。
一The doubt is who has got away with the document.疑点就是谁拿走了文件。
—>Actually,girls can be whatever they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a manager.实际上,女孩可以和男孩一样想从事什么职业就从事什么职业——不管是飞行员、宇航员还是总经理。
三、连接副词引导表语从句的连接副词主要when(ever),where(ver),why,how(ever)等—That was where we can camped last time.那就是上次我们野营的地方。
表语从句讲与练(一)定义用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look,sound等。
例句: The reason was that he was late for school. (二)关联词A从属连词that在从句中不做成分如:The trouble is that I have lost his address。
麻烦是我把他的地址丢了B从属连词whether, as, as if 如:1. He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
2. The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如:All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday.这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。
It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。
注:能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look,sound等。
如:He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
C 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。
如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The problem is who we can get to replace her.我想问的是谁离开了。
My question is who left.D 连接副词where, when, how, why。
如:What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。
This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。
这就是他为何没到这儿来的原因。
That is why he didn't come here.E 连词because可引导表语从句。
如:I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
这是仅仅因为他不认识她。
It's just because he doesn't know her.That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。
(That's because...强调原因) That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。
(That's why...强调结果)F 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”如suggest的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。
should+动词原形表示,should可省略My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
(三)语序和时态1表语从句一定要用陈述语序如The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.2不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可不一致如:The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.The problem is why he cried yesterday.(四)注意事项1不可以用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)。
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether 位于句首时要用whether 引导表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句时要用whetherx: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.v: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.2 that在表语从句中不可以省掉题练精讲[考题1]The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed”to mak e us do so.A. when B. why C. whether D. that [答案]D[解析]下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句, 如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的意思。
因此, 应选择可引导名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that。
[考题2]You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree. (2004)A. why B. where C. what D. how[答案]B[解析]下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语(“disagree”属于不及物动词, “I disagree”本身是完整的主谓结构), 下划线应填入引导词where, 表语从句“where I disagree”的意思是“我不同意之处、我不同意的地方”。
[考题3]—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that ____ you had a few days off? (1999)A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where[答案]A[解析]下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语, 下划线应填入表示“因此……”(指因某种原因所造成的结果)的引导词why。
[考题4]____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that [答案]A[解析]第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语, 特指她所不理解的事情, 应填入关系代词型的引导词what;第二个下划线处表示“因此……”(指因某种原因所造成的后果, 由why引导对应的名词性从句)而不是“为什么……”(指原因、理由, 由because引导对应的名词性从句), 应填入引导词why。
[考题5]____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春)A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD. That; because[答案]B[解析]第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语, 特指令校方骄傲的事情, 应选用关系代词型的引导词what;第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示原因、理由, 应由that引导对应的名词性从句。
[考题6]—Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?—Oh, that’s ____. (2003北京春)A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited[答案]A[解析]A选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物”;B选项的意思是“我觉得激动的任何事物”;C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式”;D选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的时间”。
四选项中A最适合跟代表“game”主语that对应,充当表语从句。
单线选择1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A. thatB. ifC. whenD. whether2.The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A. becauseB. thatC. forD. because of3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left itA. whereB. thereC. there whereD. where there4.The problem is _________to take the place of TedA. who can we getB. what we can getC. who we can getD. that we can get5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD.不填6. The reason is_________I missed the bus.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A. thatB. likeC. asD. as though9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A. whyB. whenC. whatD. because10. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A. because his mother is illB. because of his mother’s being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother is ill11. —He was born here.-- That is _______ he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A. whatB. whereC. thatD. whythat/what的区别1._______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies. A. What; how are you B. That;how you areC. How;that you areD. What;how you are2. The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A. whatB. thatC. howD. why that3. America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A. whatB. whereC. the placeD. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ .A. what it used to beB. what it was used to beingC. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be5. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A. What … thatB. That … whatC. What … whatD. That … what6. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. such高考练习1 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .—Is that_____ you had a few days off?(NMET1999)A. why B .what C. when D. where2 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through. (1998 上海)A. It’s the reasonB. That’s whyC. There’s whyD. It’s how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning. (06 全国)A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what4. --- Are you still thinking abo ut yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)---Oh, that’s _____.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.(2004湖北)A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which答案DBACCACDDCCBthat/what的区别DBAAAC高考练习ABDAA。