复旦考博英语资料3-写作分析

2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题如果你是那种看着别人的生活就羡慕，对自己的生活提不起精神的人，也许你需要把握生活，做些改变。

很多人每天从早到晚做同样的事情，对现状感到非常满足并很快乐。

但是，如果你觉得自己的潜能被浪费，内心深处渴望更活跃刺激的生活，你就需要采取一些积极的行动。

你会觉得如果你处在另一种环境，你肯定会掌握好局面，为更宏大目标而努力。

如果你真这样想过，那就不应该被无法改变的现状所难倒，不要为自己为什么不开始行动找借口，也不要为自己找为什么不去充分发挥潜能的理由了。

如果人满腹激情，也有能力干一番事业，就不要浪费自己的才能。

停止抱怨，命运掌握在自己手里！现在该是人停止自欺欺人、认识到岸上的安全可能要比你所想的更具有破坏性的时候了。

【答案】If you are that kind of person who admires others’ lives and is low-spirited to your own life, you need to hold your life and make some changes. Many people do the same thing from morning to night and feel very satisfied with current situation. However, if you think that your potential is wasted and you expect to have a more active and exciting life deeply in your heart, you need to take some positive actions.You would imagine that if you are placed in another environment, you will be control the situation better, and make great efforts for more ambitious goals. If you really thought about this, you should not be frustrated by unalterable status, rationalize and explain what you were not doing and why you cannot exert your potential fully.If a person is full of passion, and is capable of having a career, he shoul dn’t waste his capacity. Stop complaining and you control your own destiny! It is high time that you should stop your self-deception and realize that the safety on the shore that is possibly more devastating than you can imagine.2.单选题Psychoanalysts tend to regard both（）and masochism as arising from childhood deprivation. 问题1选项A.attachmentB.distinctionC.ingenuityD.sadism【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

复旦考博英语题型
1.阅读理解：文章长度在500-700词之间，主要考察对文章内容的理解、推理和分析能力。

2. 翻译：要求考生将一篇中文文章翻译成英文，考察考生的语言表达和翻译技能。

3. 写作：要求考生根据所给话题，撰写一篇约300-500字的英文作文，考察考生的写作能力和思维逻辑能力。

4. 完形填空：文章长度在300-500词之间，包含10-15个空格，主要考察考生对于英语词汇和语法的掌握。

5. 听力：考生需要听取一段约5分钟的英语对话或短文，并根据听取的内容回答相关问题，主要考察考生的听力理解能力。

- 1 -。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题What if our society uses new-found technologies of “genetic engineering” to interfere with the biological nature of human beings? Might that not be disastrous?What about cloning, for instance?Cloning is a term originally used in connection with nonsexual reproduction of plants and very simple animal. Now it is coming into use in connection with higher animals, since biologists are finding ways of starting with an individual cell of a grown animal and inducing it to multiply into the same way in the future.But is cloning a safe thing to unleash on society? Might it not be used for destructive purposes? For instance, might not some ruling group decide to clone their submissive, downtrodden peasantry, and thus produce endless hordes of semi-robots who will slave to keep a few in luxury and who may even serve as endless ranks of soldiers designed to conquer the rest of the world?A dreadful thought, but an unnecessary fear. For one thing, there is no need to clone for the purpose. The ordinary method of reproduction produces all the human beings that are needed and as rapidly as is needed. Right now, the ordinary method is producing so many people as to put civilization in danger of imminent destruction. What more can cloning do? Secondly, unskilled semi-robots cannot be successfully pitted against the skilled users of machine, either on farms, in factories or in armies. Any nation depending on downtrodden masses will find itself an easy mark for exploitation by a less populous but more skilled and versatile society. This has happened in the past often enough.But even if we forget about self-hordes, what about the cloning of a relatively few individuals? There are rich people who could afford the expense, or politicians who could have the influence for it, or the gifted who could undergo it by popular demand. There can be two if a particular banker or governor or scientist — or three — or a thousand. Might this not create a kind of privileged caste, who would reproduce themselves in greater and greater numbers, and who would gradually take over the world?Before we grow concerned about this, we must ask whether there will really be any great demand for cloning. Would you want to be cloned? The new individual formed your cell will have your genes and therefore your appearance and, possibly, talents, but he will not be you. The clone will be, at best, merely your identical twin. Identical twins share the same genetic pattern, but they each have own individuality and are separate persons.Cloning is not a pathway to immortality, then, because your consciousness does not survive in your clone, any more than it would in your identical twin if you had one.In fact, your clone would be far less than your identical twin. What shapes and forms a personality is not genes alone, but all the environment to which it is exposed. Identical twins grow up in identical surroundings, in the same family, and under each other’s influence.A clone of yourself, perhaps thirty of forty years younger, would grow up in a different world altogether and would be shaped by influences that would be sure to make him less and less like you as he grows older.He may even earn your jealousy. After all, you are old and he is young. You may once have been poor and struggled to become well-to-do, but he will be well-to-do from the start. The mere fact that you won’t be able to view it as a child, but as another competing and better-advantaged you, may accentuate the jealousy.No! Imagine that, after some initial experiments, the demand for cloning will be virtually nonexistent.1.The central theme of the essay is（）.2.The author assumes that the readers is（）.3.The author assumes that the reader thinks “immortality”（）.4.To hold the reader’s interest, the author（）.5.The word “hordes” used in the passage means（）.问题1选项A.genetic engineers are experimenting with cloningB.the cloning of human could produce a privileged classC.worries about the dangers of human cloning are ill-foundedD.personality traits cannot be passed on though cloning问题2选项A.afraid of a nation of dictatorsB.worried about the abuses of cloningC.egger to put cloning to practical useD.ready to be cloned问题3选项A.frighteningB.unavoidableC.profitableD.desirable问题4选项ed quotations by famous peopleB.asks frequent questions of the readerC.presents many research statisticsD.tells many amusing stories问题5选项A.swarms of fishrge groups of peopleC.mountain rangesrge fields of grain【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:B【解析】第1题:文章以genetic engineering 开头，接着作者提到了克隆会带来的问题，但是在第5段提出克隆是一个可怕的想法，但是没有必要去恐惧（A dreadful thought, but an unnecessary fear）。

[模拟] 复旦大学考博英语3Part ⅠVocabulary Directions: There are 30 incompete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter or Answer Sheet I with a single line through center.第1题：I'd ( ) his reputation with other farmers and business peoplein the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make out参考答案：A答案解析：四选项的意思分别是：A.“把……考虑在内”；B．“说明……发生的原因”；C．“弥补，补偿”；D．“书写；拼凑；说明；理解；辨认出”。

第2题：He was ( ) when he heard the unexpected news, but I finally convinced him.A.incredibleB.inevitableC.incredulousD.indifferent参考答案：C答案解析：本题意为“当他听到这个意外的消息时很怀疑，但是我最终还是说服了他(相信这个意外的消息)”。

据此推断前面应该填表示“怀疑的”单词。

incredulous的意思是“怀疑的，不轻信的”，如： incredulous about ghosts(不信鬼)。

复旦大学考博英语历年试题题型题量分析导语：考博，英语是第一关，而英语成绩的高低主要取决于平时的复习，因此决心考博的考生一定要提前准备，每天学习英语。

全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真题分析则显得尤为重要，能够为考生准确定位自己的英语水平提供良好的参照，也使考生对自己报考的院校试题有一个全面的了解，更加清晰地了解出题者的思路，从而正确地制定出复习方法和学习步骤，使复习具有针对性。

下面是华慧考博的老师对复旦大学试题进行的一个全面的分析。

一．试题结构分析复旦大学考博英语的测试时间为3个小时，试卷分为词汇、阅读、完型、翻译、作文5个部分。

华慧老师根据近几年来的真题进行了分析，并列表如下：二．考核要求：除医学考博英语外，其他专业的考博英语由全国各大院校自主命题，而且各院校的考核要求水平也有差异，其中复旦大学的考博英语对考生的具体要求如下：词汇方面，需要考生掌握7000~8000单词，900常用动词短语。

当然，一般掌握了六级及硕士研究生入学考试的词汇，通过考博英语也没有多大问题，只是词汇题可能失去少数分数。

长期关注和研究考博英语试题，反对有些所谓考博英语词汇书所讲的考博需要掌握1万甚至1万以上词汇的观点。

事实上，背诵那么多词汇是没有多大意义的，考博英语考查的重点不是考生掌握了多少词汇，而是阅读、翻译、写作能力。

所以，词汇够用即可，建议复习自己当年很熟悉的考研词汇、六级词汇，然后略加拓展，如可看看公共英语等级考试五级词汇、新托福词汇、部分GRE词汇。

有些院校公布了词汇表或参考词汇表，但实际出题人并不怎么按大纲出题。

英语说到底还是个水平问题。

语法方面，复旦大学考博英语试题都不直接考查语法，但语法有必要全面复习一下。

这也不怎么花费时间。

阅读方面，能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论，比如经济人网；能分析上蔟体裁文章的思想观点。

复旦大学考博英语翻译题型分析翻译学习方法复旦大学考博英语写作（1题，共计15分 1×15=15）写作是考博英语的重点，考察考生用英语分析事物和表达自己的观点的能力或概括事物的能力。

这部分对大叔考生来说是最难攻克的难关。

复旦大学考博英语的写作占15分，要求考生看图作文写一篇25 0字左右的评论。

写作题的目的是测试考生用英语表达思想或传递信息的能力及对英文写作基础知识的实际运用。

从复旦考博写作题型上来看，07年以前主要是命题作文，08年以后主要是图表作文，即要求考生在所给时间内，对所给图表进行分析归纳和总结，然后用简洁、生动、准确的语言将图中所提供的信息完整地表达出来，并对图中的信息作出自己的评论复旦考博英语试卷中短文写作部分改变了以往提纲三段式作文形式，采用了图画式作文。

此举的目的是为了避免考生猜题，同时也增加了作文的难度。

考生除了在语言技能上多下功夫外，还要熟悉一些图表式作文的要领。

从复旦考博写作的选材上来说，主要是针对一些学习、工作、生活上的问题的思考以及对社会现象的评论，提出自己的观点并论述。

例如2009年的公交车上不给老年人让座，2008年的针对考试成绩的不同态度，2006年的态度决定结果等，或者按照命题写出一篇200字的命题作文，例如2007年的野心塑造男人，2005年的对当代中国的传统节日的看法。

for their free time. Which doyou prefer?2003年The Values of Failure既定主题，观点论述2004年One of turning Points in MyLife叙事类2005年My Opinion aboutTraditional Holidays in China 既定主题，观点论述2006年Attitude is Everything结合图片，观点类2007年My Views about “Ambition Makes a Man”既定主题，观点论述2008年Optimism or Pressimism结合图片，观点类2009年Persuasion结合图片，观点类2010年Privacy and Liberty既定主题，观点论述2011年plagiarism 既定主题，观点论述复旦大学考博英语写作重点：怎样写好主题句段落的主题一篇文章有中心思想，也就是题目。

复旦博士面试时的英文材料复旦大学博士面试时的英文材料通常包括以下内容：
1. Research Proposal: 申请者需要准备一份研究计划书，详细描述自己的研究方向、研究目标、研究方法和预期成果。

这份材料需要展现申请者对所申请专业领域的深入理解和研究潜力。

2. Academic Transcripts: 申请者需要提供本科和硕士阶段的成绩单，以展示自己的学术表现和专业背景。

3. Letters of Recommendation: 通常需要提供两至三封推荐信，推荐人可以是申请者的导师或者其他学术人士，推荐信需要详细描述申请者的学术能力、研究潜力和个人品质。

4. CV/Resume: 申请者需要提供个人简历，包括教育背景、科研项目、发表论文、获奖情况等，以展示自己的学术和科研经历。

5. English Proficiency Test Scores: 申请者需要提供托福或雅思成绩，以证明自己具备足够的英语水平进行博士阶段的学习和研究。

6. Interview Presentation: 部分专业可能要求申请者进行面
试演讲，展示自己的研究计划和学术能力，以及回答面试官的问题。

以上材料是复旦大学博士面试时可能需要准备的英文材料，申
请者需要根据具体要求进行准备，并在面试过程中展现出自己的学
术潜力和研究能力。

希望以上信息能够帮助到你。

复旦大学考博英语模拟试题及其解析Flatfish,such as the flounder,are among the few vertebrates thatlack approximate bilateral symmetry(symmetry in which structures tothe left and right of the body’s midline are mirror images).Moststriking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish iseye placement:before maturity one eye migrates,so that in an adultflatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head.While in mostspecies with asymmetries virtually all adults share the same Geng duoyuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xiquan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi asymmetry,membersof the starry flounder species can be either left-eyed(both eyes onthe left side of head)or right-eyed.In the waters between the UnitedStates and Japan,the starry flounder populations vary from about50percent left-eyed off the United States West Coast,through about70percent left-eyed halfway between the United States and Japan,tonearly100percent left-eyed off the Japanese coast.Biologists call this kind of gradual variation over a certaingeographic range a“cline”and interpret clines as strongindications that the variation is adaptive,a response toenvironmental differences.For the starry flounder thisinterpretation implies that a geometric difference(between fish thatare mirror images of one another)is adaptive,that left-eyedness inthe Japanese starry flounder has been selected for,which provokesa perplexing question:what is the selective advantage in having botheyes on one side rather than on the other?The ease with which a fish can reverse the effect of the sidedness of its eye asymmetry simply by turning around has caused biologists to study internal anatomy,especially the optic nerves,for the answer. In all flatfish the optic nerves cross,so that the right optic nerve is joined to the brain’s left side and vice versa.This crossing introduces an asymmetry,as one optic nerve must cross above or below the other.G.H.Parker reasoned that if,for example,a flatfish’s left eye migrated when the right optic nerve was on top,there would be a twisting of nerves,which might be mechanically disadvantageous. For starry flounders,then,the left-eyed variety would be selected against,since in a starry flounder the left optic nerve is uppermost.The problem with the above explanation is that the Japanese starry flounder population is almost exclusively left-eyed,and natural selection never promotes a purely less advantageous variation.As other explanations proved equally untenable,biologists concluded that there is no important adaptive difference between left-eyedness and right-eyedness,and that the two characteristics are genetically associated with some other adaptively significant characteristic. This situation is one commonly encountered by evolutionary biologists, who must often decide whether a characteristic is adaptive or selectively neutral.As for the left-eyed and right-eyed flatfish, their difference,however striking,appears to be an evolutionary red herring.1.According to the text,starry flounder differ form most other species of flatfish in that starry flounder[A]are not basically bilaterally symmetric.[B]do not become asymmetric until adulthood.[C]do not all share the same asymmetry.[D]have both eyes on the same side of the head.2.Which of the following best describes the organization of the text as a whole?[A]A phenomenon is described and an interpretation presented and rejected.[B]A generalization is made and supporting evidence is supplied and weighed.[C]A contradiction is noted and a resolution is suggested and then modified.[D]A series of observations is presented and explained in terms of the dominant theory.3.The text supplies information for answering which of the following questions?[A]Why are Japanese starry flounder mostly left-eyed?[B]Why should the eye-sidedness in starry flounder be considered selectively neutral?[C]Why have biologists recently become interested in whether a characteristic is adaptive or selectively neutral?[D]How do the eyes in flatfish migrate?4.Which of the following is most clearly similar to a cline as it is described in the second paragraph of the text?[A]A vegetable market in which the various items are grouped according to place of origin.[B]A wheat field in which different varieties of wheat are planted to yield a crop that will bring the maximum profit.[C]A flower stall in which the various species of flowers are arranged according to their price.[D]A housing development in which the length of the front struts supporting the porch of each house increases as houses are built up the hill.5.Which of the following phrases from the text best expresses the author’s conclusion about the meaning of the difference between left-eyed and right-eyed flatfish?[A]“Most striking”(line3,paragraph1)[B]“variation is adaptive”(line2,paragraph2)[C]“mechanically disadvantageous”(line7,paragraph3)[D]“evolutionary red herring”(line9,paragraph4)[答案与考点解析]1.【答案】C【考点解析】这是一道细节推导题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As many as 100 species of fish, some（） to these waters, may have been affected by the pollution.问题1选项A.unusualB.particularC.typicalD.unique【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

unusual “不寻常的”；particular “特别的，详细的”；typical “典型的”；unique “独一无二的”。

句意：在这片水域有100多种鱼类，有些是独一无二的，已经被污水影响了。

选项D符合题意。

2.单选题The public can rest（）that detectives are doing everything possible to find the murderer.问题1选项A.assuredB.approvedC.guaranteedD.convinced【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。

rest assured that “(强调所言确凿无误)尽管放心”。

因此选项A符合题意。

3.单选题I spent most of my money in the first week and（）had very little to eat during the last few days of the holiday.问题1选项A.after allB.consequentlyC.otherwiseD.anyhow【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。

after all“毕竟”；consequently“因此，结果”；otherwise“否则，不然”；anyhow“无论如何，总之”。

句意：我第一周就花掉了大部分的钱，因此在假期的最后几天只能吃一点点东西。

选项B符合题意。

复旦医学考博英语学术数据图作文模英文版：The writing model of the English academic data graph in the doctoral exam of Fudan Medical: Exploring and Emulating Background: With the increasing emphasis on academic writing in modern doctoral exams, the importance of utilizing effective writing models has become increasingly apparent. Among these models, the English academic data graph writing model has become a hot topic in recent years. It is a type of writing that requires a combination of data analysis and language expression, and is widely used in various fields of study, including medicine. Methodology: The key to writing a successful English academic data graph lies in carefully selecting and organizing the data, selecting appropriate language and structures, and effectively communicating the information conveyed by the data. To achieve this, it is recommended to follow a step-by-step approach, including: 1) selecting and organizing data, 2) creating a clear structure, 3) selecting appropriate language and structures, 4) incorporating visual elements, and 5) proofreading and editing. Results: After following this approach, students can effectivelycommunicate their ideas through the use of English academic data graphs, while maintaining a clear and logical structure. These graphs can also improve their academic writing skills and increase their chances of being accepted for doctoral exams.Case Studies: We have selected three case studies from students who have used this approach to write their English academic data graphs successfully. The graphs are published below for reference. 中文版：随着现代博士考试中对学术写作的日益重视，学术数据图的写作模型的重要性日益凸显。

复旦大学博士申请英语入学考试作文1. 引言1.1 概述复旦大学是中国一所优秀的高等学府，其博士申请英语入学考试作文是申请者进入该校攻读博士学位的重要环节之一。

本文旨在通过分析复旦大学博士申请英语入学考试作文的要点和特点，提供准备策略和建议，以及解析示例作文，并对备考和提高给出意见，帮助读者顺利通过该考试并取得成功。

1.2 相关背景在当今全球化的教育环境下，越来越多的学生选择到海外深造。

复旦大学以其优质的教育资源和声誉吸引着众多国内外学子前往攻读博士学位。

为了选拔最合适的研究人才，复旦大学设立了英语入学考试，并将作文作为其中一个重要组成部分。

1.3 研究意义复旦大学博士申请英语入学考试作文具有一定的研究意义。

首先，它可以评估申请者在英语写作能力方面的水平，这对后续在复旦大学攻读博士学位期间的学术交流和论文写作至关重要。

其次，通过对考试要点和评价标准的分析，可以帮助申请者更好地了解复旦大学对于优秀作文的要求，并针对性地进行备考和提高。

最后，本研究结果的有效实施还将为其他高校在招收博士生时建立相似英语入学考试提供参考。

这样就完成了“1. 引言”部分的内容。

2. 复旦大学博士申请英语入学考试作文要点分析2.1 题型与要求复旦大学博士申请英语入学考试的作文题型多样，可能涉及到议论文、说明文、议论说明文以及问题解决等。

要求考生能够清晰明确地表达自己的观点，结构严谨，逻辑性强。

2.2 内容构思技巧在写作内容上，考生需要理解所给题目，并能准确把握主题。

重点是在有限的篇幅内展开观点阐述，并通过具体事例或论证来支持自己的观点。

同时，还要注意整体框架和段落之间的衔接，使文章内容条理清晰，层次分明。

2.3 语言表达技巧在语言表达上，考生需要使用正确、准确的词汇和语法结构。

句子应该通顺流畅，使用恰当的连词和过渡词来实现句与句、段落与段落之间的衔接。

同时，注意避免冗长繁琐的句子结构，并尽量使用简洁明了的表达方式。

在写作过程中，还应注重掌握一些高级的语言表达技巧，如运用比喻、对比、假设等修辞手法，以及恰如其分地使用一些学术性词汇和复杂句式，以展示自身的语言能力和表达深度。

复旦大学20XX年博士研究生入学考试英语试题附参考答案和解析Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure （15 points）Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ with a single line through center.1．Official figures show that unemployment ______ in November and then fell slowly over the next two months.A．plodded B．peeped C．plunged D．peaked2．The old lady was immediately sent to a nearby hospital when she ______ from heat stroke.A．passed away B．passed off C．passed out D．passed by 3．Her spirits ______ at the thought of all the work she had to do that morning.A．sagged B．sacked C．saddled D．scored4．Jack would rather his younger sister ______ in the same hospital as he does.A．worked B．works C．to work D．work5．Jane was badly taken in when she paid $ 300 for that second-hand bicycle; it was not worth ______.A．that all much B．all that much C．much all that D．that much all6．A patient crowd had ______ around the entrance to the theatre, hoping to catch a glimpse of the stars of the show.A．contracted B．consulted C．contemplated D．congregated 7．UN diplomats are suspicious that the country's ______ weapons programme may be broader than reported.A．flail B．clandestine C．temperate D．fake8．Fortunately the acting and photography are so good that they somehow manage to ______ the limitations of the film plot.A．trace B．transcend C．tranquilize D．trail9．When the report was published, various environmental groups criticized it for being too ______.A．alert B．zealous C．meek D．gregarious10．Her friends helped her ______ after her sister was killed in a car crash.A．pull off B．pull out C．pull through D．pull on11．Nell's father said to him that he was ______ dog to learn new tricks.A．so old a B．a too old C．too old a D．a so old12．The skipper was not willing to risk ______ his ship through the straits until he could see where he was going.A．taking B．to take C．having taken D．being taken13．We were running out of money and things were looking ______.A．grim B．glossy C．gorgeous D．gracious14．If law and order ______ not maintained, neither the citizens nor their properties are safe.A．were B．are C．is D．was15．He saw writers and artists as being important to the state for they could ______.credibility on the regime.A．bestow B．embrace C．disperse D．undertake16．When import taxes on goods are high, there is a greater chance that they will be ______.A．bartered B．counterfeited C．manufactured D．smuggled 17．There's been so little rain, the forest is ______ to go up in flames at any moment.A．precarious B．feeble C．convenient D．liable18．The school's development committee has deliberated the question ______ great length.A．on B．along C．at D．for19．On a Summer evening it is ______ to hear the joyful sound of the shepherd's flute floating across the valley.A．treacherous B．enchanting C．rash D．furtive20．Let's ______ the arrangements with the others before we make a decision.A．talk over B．talk into C．talk down D．talk round21．He'll have to ______ the music when his parents find out he's been missing school.A．listen to B．compose C．face D．play22．Her eyes were shining brightly and her face was suffused ______ color.A．with B．in C．by D．of23．In my opinion Elizabeth and Henry are not ______ friends as lovers.A．too much B．as much C．very much D．so much24．Yesterday my brother ______ with his girlfriend over where to go on holiday.A．fell off B．fell out C．fell away D．fell apart25．The writer ______ the newspaper readers against buying shares without getting good advice first.A．spurred B．menaced C．cautioned D．induced26．Some of his colleagues say he's loud and ______ and that everyone hates him.A．obnoxious B．straightforward C．considerate D．genial 27．She claims that the pressure on public hospitals could be ______ by combining medical resources in the public and private sectors．A．relieved B．replaced C．retrieved D．resurrected28．Please ______ it that the door is locked before you leave.A．see through B．see to C．see into D．see after29．I will ______ you personally responsible if anything goes wrong in this project.A．get B．hold C．let D．have30．The burglars ______ the house but found nothing valuable.A．ransacked B．besieged C．mortgaged D．renovatedPart ⅡReading Comprehension （40 points）Directions：There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ with a single line through the center.Passage OneNowadays, with plentiful ice and electric churning, few people recall the shared excitement of the era when making ice cream was a rarely scheduled event. Then the iceman brought to the back door, on special order, a handsome 2-foot-square cube of cold crystal and everyone in the family took a turn at the crank. The critical question among us children was, of course, who might lick the dasher. A century or so ago the novelist Stendhal knew only hand-churned ice cream and, when he first tasted it, exclaimed, “What a pity this isn't a sin!”Hand-churning is still tops for perfectionists for no power-driven machine has yet been invented that can achieve a comparable texture. Even French Pot, the very best commercial method for making ice cream, calls for finishing by hand．Ice creams are based on carefully cooked well-chilled syrups and heavy custards, added to unwhipped cream. No form of vanilla flavoring can surpass that of vanilla sugar or of the bean itself, steeped in a hot syrup. If sweetened frozen fruits are incorporated into the cream mixture instead of flesh fruits, be sure to adjust sugar content accordingly.Make up mixtures for chum-frozen ice creams the day before you freeze, to increase fill the container only 3/4 full to permit expansion. To pack the freezer, allow 3 to 6 quarts of chipped or cracked ice to 1 cup of coarse rock salt. Pack about 1/3 of the freezer with ice and add layers of salt and ice around the container until the freezer is full. Allow the pack to stand about 3 minutes before you start turning. Turn slowly at first, about 40 revolutions a minute, until a slight pull is felt. Then triple speed for 5 to 6 minutes. If any additions, such as finely cut candied or flesh fruits or nuts are to be made, do so at this point. Then repack and taper off the churning to about 80 revolutions a minute for a few minutes more. The cream should be ready in 10 to 20 minutes, depending on the quality.If the ice cream or ice is to be used at once, it should be frozen harder than if you plan to serve it later. Should the interval be 2 hours or more, packing will firm it. To pack, pour off the salt water in the freezer and wipe off the lid. Remove the dasher carefully, making sure that no salt or water gets into the cream container. Scrape the cream down from the sides of the container. Place a cork in the lid and replace the lid. Repack the container in the freezer with additional ice and salt, using the same proportions as before. Cover the freezer with newspapers, a piece of carpet or other heavy material.The cream should be smooth when served. If it proves granular, you used too much salt in the packing mixture, overfilled the inner container with the ice cream mixture or turned too rapidly. If you are making a large quantity with the idea of storing some in the deep-freeze, package in sizes you plan on serving. Should ice cream be allowed to melt even slightly and is then refrozen, it loses in volume and even more in good texture.31．In the first paragraph, “took a turn at the crank” could be paraphrased ______.A．“helped to mix the ice cream”B．“ate some ice cream”C．“helped break up the ice with a hammer”D．“protected the ice cream from children”32．According to the writer truly perfect ice cream ______.A．is now common and inexpensive at most storesB．is only possible with hand laborC．should be melted and then refrozenD．needs to be a sin33．When ice cream is being hand-churned it is surrounded by a mixture of ______.A．syrup and cream B．syrup and iceC．salt and ice D．flesh fruit and ice34．In paragraph 4, “taper off” means ______.A．cut up B．stop C．speed up D．slow down35．This passage reflects an era when ______.A．people liked a little salt in their ice creamB．making ice cream was an occasional form of family entertainmentC．ice cream was not popularD．people did not knew now to make cheese with their creamPassage TwoFood and drink play a major role in Christmas celebrations in most countries, but in few more so than in Mexico. Many families over the festive season will do little more than cook and ingest a seemingly constant cycle of tortillas, fried beans, meat both roasted and stewed, and sticky desserts for days on end．Thus does the extended family keep on extending—further and further over their collective waistlines.Lucky them, you might think. Except that Mexico's bad eating habits are leading to a health crisis that most Mexicans seem blissfully unaware of. Obesity and its related disorder, diabetes, are now major health concerns in a country where large rural regions are still concerned more with under- than with over-nourishment. In its perennial rivalry with the United States, Mexico has at last found an area in which it can match its northern neighbor—mouthful for mouthful.The statistics are impressive, and alarming. According to the OECD, Mexico is now thesecond fattest nation in that group of 30 countries A health poll in 1999 found that 35% of women were overweight, and another 24% technically obese. Juan Rivera，an official at the National Institute of Public Health, says that the combined figure for men would be about 55%, and that a similar poll to be carried out next year will show the fat quotient rising. Only the United States, with combined figures of over 60%, is a head.That situation also varies geographically. Although Mexicans populate the north of their country more sparsely than the south, they make up for it weight-wise. A study published by the Pan-American Health Organization a month ago showed that in the mostly Hispanic population that lives on either side of the American-Mexican border, fully 74%of men and 70％of women are either over weight or obese.Moreover, even experts have been surprised by how rapidly the nation has swollen. Whereas the 1999 poll showed 59％of women overweight or obese, only 11 years previously that figure was just 33 %. Nowhere is the transformation more noticeable than in the prevalence of diabetes, closely linked to over-eating and obesity. In 1968, says Joel Rodriguez of the Mexican Diabetes Federation, the disease was in 35th place as a direct cause of mortality in Mexico, but now it occupies first place, above both cancer and heart disease. With about 6.5m diabetics out of a population of 100m, Mexico now has a higher rate than any other large country in the world. Not surprisingly, Mr. Rodriguez argues that Mexi co is in the grip of an “epidemic”.Nor does it tax the brain much to work out that the causes of these explosions in obesity and diabetes are the Mexican diet and a lack of exercise. For most Mexicans, food consumption, not just at Christmas but all year round, is an unvarying combination of refried beans, tortillas, meat and refrescos, or fizzy drinks; they consume 101 liters of cola drinks per person per year, just a little less than Americans and three times as much as Brazilians.Meanwhile, the lack of exercise, Mr. Rivera argues, is a symptom of rapid urbanization over the past 30 years. Obesity and diabetes rates remain slightly lower in rural areas, indicating that manual labor endures as an effective way to stave off weight gain. In Mexico City, though, pollution and crime have progressively driven people out of the parks and the streets, so most now walk as little as possible—preferably no further than from the valet-parking service to the restaurant. To combat the fat, health professionals say that the country must first realize that it is indeed in the grip of an epidemic．Other diseases, such as AIDS and cancer, have captured mostof the publicity in recent years; obesity and diabetes have been comparatively neglected.But these are also, as in other developing countries, mainly problems of the urban poor. It is a symptom of their growing prosperity that these parts of the population have, probably for the first time, almost unlimited access to the greatest amount of calories for the smallest amount of money. But with little knowledge of nutritional values, their diets are now unbalanced and unhealthy.Low-carb products and other dietary imports from the United States have already made an appearance on the posher Mexican supermarket shelves. They may go into be shopping baskets of the rake-thin and utterly unrepresentative models who dominate the country's advertising hoardings. But they are still comparatively expensive. For the heaving mass of the population, things may have to get worse before the government, doctors and consumers realize that things have got to start getting better.36．The phrase “on end” in the first paragraph can be replaced by ______.A．until all been consumed B．uprightC．continuously D．until the last day37．Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?A．Mexicans are eating a lot because of the country's affluence.B．Mexicans can match Americans in the nourishment of their diet.C．Mexicans only overeat during festive seasons.D．Mexico is now the second fattest nation in this world.38．Judging by the context, the word “perennial” in the second paragraph most probably means ______.A．perpetual B．recurring C．transient D．perilous39．Which is the most significant cause of mortality in Mexico?A．Cancer. B．Heart disease. C．Diabetes. D．Epidemic.40．It is known from the passage that from 1988 to 1999 the figure of women overweight or obese in Mexico rose by ______.A．30% B．26% C．35% D．55%Passage ThreeWhen you are small, all ambitions fall into one grand category：when I'm grown up. When I'm grown up, you say, I'll go up in space. I'm going to be an author. I'll kill them all and thenthey'll be sorry. I'll be married in a cathedral with sixteen bridesmaids in pink lace. I'll have a puppy of my own and no one will be able to take him away.None of it ever happens, of course—or dam little, but the fantasies give you the idea that there is something to grow up for. Indeed one of the saddest things about gilded adolescence is the feeling that from eighteen on, it's all downhill; I read with horror of an American hippie wedding where someone said to the groom (age twenty), “You seem so kind a grown up somehow”, and the lad had to go around seeking reassurance that he wasn't, no, really he wasn't. A determination to be better adults than the present incumbents is fine, but to refuse to grow up at all is just plain unrealism.Right, so then you get some of what you want, or something like it, or something that will do all right; and for years you are too busy to do more than live in the present and put one foot in front of the other; your goals stretching little beyond the day when the boss has a stroke or the moment when the children can bring you tea in bed—and the later moment when they actually bring you hot tea, not mostly slopped in the saucer. However, I have now discovered an even sweeter category of ambition. When my children are grown up …When my children are grown up I'll learn to fly an aer o plane. I will career round the sky, knowing that if I do “go pop” there will be no little ones to suffer shock and maladjustment; that even if the worst does come to the worst I will at least dodge the geriatric ward and all that looking for your glasses in order to see where you've left your teeth. When my children are grown up I'll have fragile, lovely things on low tables; I'll have a white carpet; I'll go to the pictures in the afternoon. When the children are grown up I'll actually be able to do a day's work in day, instead of spread over three, and go away for a weekend without planning as if for a trip to the Moon. When I'm grown up—I mean when they're grown up—I'll be free.Of course, I know it's got to get worse before it gets better. Twelve-year-olds, I'm told, don't go to tend at seven, so you don't even get your evenings; once they're past ten you have to start worrying about their friends instead of simply shooting the intruders off the doorstep, and to settle down to a steady ten years of criticism of everything you've ever thought or done or worn. Boys, it seems, may be less of a trial then girls, since they can't get pregnant and they don't borrow your clothes—if they do borrow your clothes, of course, you've got even more to worry about.The young don't respect their parents any more, that's what. Goodness, how sad,still, likeeating snails, it might be all right once you've got over the idea: it might let us off having to bother quite so much with them when the time comes. But one is simply not going to be able to drone away one’s days, toothless by the fire, brooding on the past.41．What interests the writer about young children is that they ______.A．have so many unselfish ambitions B．have such long-term ambitionsC．don't all want to be spacemen D．all long for adult pleasures42．The writer maintains that fantasies ______.A．satisfy ambition B．lessen ambitionC．stimulate ambition D．frustrate ambition43．What does the writer feel is wrong with the modern generation?A．Their wanting to grow up. B．Their not wanting to grow up.C．Their wanting to improve adults. D．Their not wanting to improve adults.44．The writer feels that as an adult one must ______.A．achieve one's ambitions at all costsB．continue to be ambitiousC．find a compromise between ambition and realityD．give up all one's earlier ambitions45．When the children leave home, the writer thinks that ______.A．there will be compensations B．she will be delightedC．she will be desolated D．there will be nothing to doPassage FourFor years, pediatricians didn't worry much about treating hypertension in their patients. After all, kids grow so fast, it's hard keeping up with their shoe size, let alone their blood pressure. Sure, hypertension in adults places them at greater risk of heart attack and stroke. But nobody likes the idea of starting youngsters on blood-pressure medicine they could wind up taking the rest of their lives. Who knows what previously unheard of side effects could crop up after five or six decades of daily use? The rationale has been: kids grow out of so many things, maybe they'll grow out of this too.Now, though, comes word that high blood pressure can be destructive even in childhood. According to a recent report in the journal Circulation, 19 of 130 children with high bloodpressure developed a dangerous thickening of the heart muscle that, in adults at least, has been linked to heart failure. “No one knows if this pattern holds true for younger patients as well,” says Dr. Stephen Daniels, a pediatric cardiologist who led the study at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Cincinnati, Ohio. “But it's worrisome.”Who's most at risk? Boys more than girls, especially boys who are overweight. Their heart works so hard to force blood through extra layers of fat that its walls grow more dense. Then, after decades of straining, it grows too big to pump blood very well. Fortunately, the abnormal thickening can be spotted by ultrasound. And in most case, getting that blood pressure under control—through weight loss and exercise or, as a last resort, drug treatment—allows the overworked muscle to shrink to normal size.How can you tell if yours are like the 670,000 American children ages 10 to 18 with high blood pressure? It's not the sort of thing you can catch by putting your child's arm in a cuff at the free monitoring station in your local grocery. You should have a test done by a doctor, who will consult special tables that indicate the normal range of blood pressure for a particular child's age, height and sex. If the doctor finds an abnormal result he will repeat the test over a period of months to make sure the reading isn't a fake. He'll also check, whether other conditions, like kidney disease, could he the source of the trouble. Because hypertension can be hard to detect, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute recommends annual blood pressure checks for every child over age 3．About half the cases of hypertension stem directly from kids being overweight. And the problem is likely to grow. Over the past 30 years the proportion of children in the US who are overweight has doubled, from 5 % to 11%, or 4.7 million kids.You can keep your children from joining their ranks by clearing the junk food from your pantry and hooking your kids—the earlier the better—on healthy, attractive snacks like fruits (try freezing some grapes) or carrot sticks with salsa. Not only will they lower your children's blood pressure；these foods will also boost their immune system and unclog their plumbing. Meanwhile, make sure your kids spend more time on the playground than with their Play Station. Even if they don't shed a pound, vigorous exercise will help keep their blood vessels nice and wide, lowering their blood pressure. And of course, they'll be more likely to eat right and exercise if you set a good example.46．This piece of writing is mainly addressed to ______.A．parents B．boys C．gifts D．pediatrician47．The word “unclog” in paragraph 6 can be replaced by ______.A．fix B．clear C．hinder D．dismantle48．By saying “It's not the sort of thing you can catch by putting your child's arm in a cuff at the free monitoring station in your local grocery”, the writer implies ______.A．hypertension is hard to detectB．children often refuse to have their blood pressure testedC．you'll have to pay a lot of money if you want to have your child's blood pressure checked in a groceryD．in a local grocery, you are free to determine how to have your child's blood pressure examined49．Which of the following is not suggested by the writer to control hypertension?A．Drug treatments. B．Weight loss.C．Exercise. D．Overwork.50．We can conclude from the passage that ______.A．children with hypertension are unlikely to suffer from heart attack and strokeB．parent's blood pressure decides their children's blood pressureC．besides overweight, there are other factors resulting in hypertensionD．vigorous exercise sometimes will lead to heart troublePart ⅢCloze (10 points)Directions：Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.Even geologist is familiar with the erosion cycle. No sooner has an area of land been raised above sea-level than it becomes subject to the erosive forces of nature. The rain beats down on the ground and washed 51 the finer particles, sweeping them into rivulets and into rivers and out to sea. The frost freezes the rain water in cracks of the rocks and breaks 52 even the hardest of the constituents of the earth's crust. Blocks of rock dislodged at high levels are brought down by the force of gravity. Alternate heating and 53 of bare rock surfaces causes their disintegration. In the dry regions of the world the wind is a powerful force in removing materialfrom one area to another. All this is natural. But nature has also provided certain defensive forces. Bare rock surfaces are in 54 course protected by soil, itself dependent initially on the weathering of the rocks. Slowly 55 surely, different types of soil with differing “profiles” evolve the main types depending primarily on the climate. The protective soil covering, once it is formed, is hold together by the growth of vegetation. Grass and herbaceous plants, 56 long, branching tenuous roots, hold firmly together the surface particles. The 57 is true with the forest cover. The heaviest tropical downpours beating on the leaves of the giant trees reach the ground only 58 spray, gently watering the surface layers and penetrating along the long passages provided by the roots to the lower levels of the soil. The soil, thus protected by grass, herb, or trees, furnishes a quiet habitat for a myriad varied organisms—earthworms that importantly modify the soil, bacteria, active in their work of converting 59 leaves and decaying vegetation into humus and food for the growing plants. Chemical action is constantly taking 60 ; soil acids attack mineral particles and salts in solution move from one layer in the soil to another.Part ⅣTranslation (20 points)Section A (10 points)Directions：Put the following passage into Chinese.Dun took a deep breath, thinking over what had been said and searching in his mind for a possible course of action. Not for the first time in his flying career, he felt himself in the grip of a cute sense of apprehension, only this time his awareness of his responsibility for the safety of a huge, complex aircraft and nearly sixty lives was tinged with a sudden icy premonition of disaster. Was this, then what it felt like? Older pilots, those who had been in combat in the war, always maintained that if you kept at the game long enough you'd buy it in the end. How was it that in the space of half an hour a normal, everyday, routing flight, carrying a crowd of happy football fans, could change into a nightmare nearly four miles above the earth, something that would shriek across the front pages of a hundred newspapers?Section B(10 points)Directions：Put the following passage into English．在美国历史上人们最津津乐道的政治问题恐怕就是法律与秩序。

复旦大学博士申请英语入学考试作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Fudan University Doctoral Application English Entrance Exam EssayIntroductionFudan University is one of the most prestigious andwell-respected universities in China. As a prospective doctoral student, I am excited at the opportunity to pursue my studies at Fudan University. The doctoral application process includes an English entrance exam, which I am confident I can excel in.Academic BackgroundI hold a Master's degree in Economics from a renowned university in my home country. My research focused on the impact of globalization on economic development in emerging economies. Through my academic endeavors, I have developed a strong analytical skill set and a passion for research.Research InterestsMy research interests lie in the intersection of economics and public policy. Specifically, I am interested in studying the effectiveness of government policies on promoting sustainable economic growth and reducing income inequality. I believe that these topics are not only academically stimulating but also have practical implications for policymakers.Why Fudan UniversityI have chosen Fudan University for my doctoral studies because of its reputation for academic excellence and research innovation. The university's strong emphasis on interdisciplinary research and collaboration will provide me with the ideal environment to pursue my research interests. Additionally, the opportunity to learn from world-class faculty members and engage with a diverse student body will enrich my academic experience.Future GoalsUpon completing my doctoral studies at Fudan University, I aspire to pursue a career in academia. I am eager to contribute to the academic community through my research and teaching. I believe that Fudan University will provide me with the necessary tools and knowledge to achieve my career goals.ConclusionIn conclusion, I am excited about the prospect of studying at Fudan University and contributing to its academic community. I am confident that my academic background, research interests, and future goals align well with the university's values and mission. I look forward to the opportunity to showcase my abilities in the English entrance exam and make a positive impact during my time at Fudan University. Thank you for considering my application.篇2Fudan University Doctoral Application English Entrance ExamIntroductionFudan University is one of the top universities in China and is known for its excellent academic programs and research opportunities. For students who wish to pursue a doctoral degree at Fudan University, they must first pass an English entrance exam as part of the admissions process. This exam is designed to assess the students' English language proficiency and their ability to communicate effectively in an academic setting.The English entrance exam for the doctoral program at Fudan University typically consists of two parts: a written exam and an interview. The written exam tests the students' reading and writing skills, while the interview assesses their listening and speaking abilities. In order to succeed in this exam, students must be well-prepared and confident in their English language skills.Tips for Success1. Practice Reading and Writing: The written exam will test your ability to read and understand complex academic texts, as well as your writing skills. To prepare for this, practice reading academic articles and writing essays on a variety of topics. This will help you become more comfortable with the type of material that may be covered in the exam.2. Improve Listening and Speaking Skills: The interview portion of the exam will require you to listen to questions and respond verbally. To prepare for this, practice listening to English podcasts or watching English-speaking videos. Additionally, find a language partner or tutor to practice speaking with in order to improve your fluency and pronunciation.3. Familiarize Yourself with Academic English: The exam will likely include vocabulary and phrases commonly used inacademic settings. To prepare for this, study academic English textbooks and practice using these terms in your writing and speaking. This will help you feel more confident when encountering academic language during the exam.4. Manage Your Time Effectively: During the written exam, it is important to manage your time wisely in order to complete all of the questions. Divide your time evenly among the different sections and leave yourself a few minutes at the end to review your answers. This will help ensure that you do not run out of time or overlook any important details.ConclusionPassing the English entrance exam for the doctoral program at Fudan University is an important step towards achieving your academic goals. By following these tips and preparing effectively, you can increase your chances of success and demonstrate your proficiency in English. Remember to stay calm and focused during the exam, and trust in your abilities to communicate effectively in English. Good luck!篇3Fudan University Doctoral Program Application EssayIntroduction:Fudan University is one of the most prestigious universities in China, known for its academic excellence and research output. Pursuing a doctoral degree at Fudan University has been a long-term goal of mine, and I am excited to apply for the doctoral program in [insert department/field].Background and Motivation:I completed my undergraduate and master's degrees in [insert your field of study] at [insert previous university]. Throughout my academic journey, I have developed a strong passion for [insert specific research interest or topic] and a keen interest in advancing knowledge in this field. The opportunity to study at Fudan University, with its renowned faculty andstate-of-the-art research facilities, is a dream come true for me.Research Experience and Achievements:During my master's program, I had the privilege of working on several research projects that deepened my understanding of [insert research topic/field]. I successfully published two papers in reputable academic journals and presented my research findings at international conferences. These experiences have not only honed my research skills but have also instilled in me a sense of the importance of contributing to the academic community.Why Fudan University:Fudan University's commitment to excellence in research and education aligns with my own academic goals. The university's diverse and dynamic academic environment, coupled with its emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration, provides the perfect platform for me to further my research and academic aspirations. I am particularly drawn to the opportunity to work with esteemed faculty members at Fudan University who are experts in [insert specific research area].Future Goals:As a doctoral student at Fudan University, I aim to engage in cutting-edge research that addresses pressing issues in [insert research field]. I aspire to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in my field and make a meaningful impact through my research. Ultimately, I hope to pursue a career in academia and inspire future generations of scholars.Conclusion:In conclusion, I am eager to embark on this new chapter of my academic journey at Fudan University and contribute to the university's rich tradition of academic excellence. I am confident that my research experience, academic achievements, andpassion for [insert research field] make me a strong candidate for the doctoral program at Fudan University. I look forward to the opportunity to collaborate with faculty members and fellow students at Fudan University and contribute to the university's academic community.。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题He （）outrage by calling the TV programmes “talking wallpaper”.问题1选项A.provokedB.evokedC.revokedD.invoked【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

provoke “激起，挑衅”；evoke “引起，唤起，博得”；revoke “撤回，取消，废除”；invoke “调用，换气”。

句意：他称那个电视节目为“会说话的壁纸”激起了愤怒。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题As many as 100 species of fish, some（） to these waters, may have been affected by the pollution.问题1选项A.unusualB.particularC.typicalD.unique【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

unusual “不寻常的”；particular “特别的，详细的”；typical “典型的”；unique “独一无二的”。

句意：在这片水域有100多种鱼类，有些是独一无二的，已经被污水影响了。

选项D符合题意。

3.单选题He built a hut on a piece of rough land hear a rock fall. In the wet season there was a plentiful stream, and over the years he encouraged the dry forest to surround him with a thick screen. The greener it became the easier it was to forget the outside. In time Melio (not without some terrible mistakes) learnt how to live in spite of the difficulties up on that mountain shelf.His only neighbors were a family group of Parakana Indians who, for reasons known only to themselves, took a liking to Melio. Their Chief never looked closely at Melio and said to himself that this white man was as mad as a snake which chews off its own tail. The parakanas taught Melio to catch fish with the help of a wild plant which made them senseless in the stream. It gave off a powerful drug when shaken violently through the water. They shored him bow to hunt by laying tra ps and digging. In time Melio’s piece of land became a regular farm. He bad wild birds, fat long-legged ones and thin nearly featherless chickens, and his corm and sailed fish was enough to keep him stocked up though the wet season.The Parakanas were alwa ys around him. He’d never admit it but he could feel that the trees were like the bars of a prison: they were watching him. It was as if he was there by courtesy of the Chief. When they came to him, the Indians never entered his house, with its steeply sloping roof of dried grass and leaves. They had a delicate way of behaving. They showed themselves by standing in the shade of the trees at the clearing’s edge. He was expected to cross the chicken strip towards them. Then they had a curious but chiming habit of taking a pace hack from him, just one odd step back wards into their green corridors. Melio never could persuade them to come any closer.The group guessed at Melio’s hatred for his civilized brothers in the towns far away-They knew Melio would never invite any more white men up here. This pleased the Parakanas. It meant that traders looking for rubber and jewels would never reach them. Their Melio would see to that. They were safe with this man and his hatred.1.It is known from the passage that Melio wanted the forest around him to become thick because the dense leaves________.2.The Chief's comparison of Melio to a snake is intended to show that _________.3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?4.To Melio, the Parakana Indians seemed_________.5.It can be concluded from the passage that place described by the author was___.问题1选项A.reminded him of his house in the town far away.B.prevented the Parakanas from watching himC.helped him to forget the world he hatedD.protected him from being intruded by the white men in the town问题2选项A.he did not trust MelioB.it was unwise to go too close to MelioC.he believed Melio hated the ParakanasD.he thought Melio was out of his mind问题3选项A.Melio stayed on his farm for a number of years.B.Melio felt like a prisoner because he couldn’t escape being watched.C.Melio kept himself alive, during the rainy season by eating what be had in store.D.The Parakanas thought Melio lived there because he was looking for rubber and jewels. 问题4选项A.odd but hatefulB.strange but attractiveC.unhealthy but friendlyD.cowardly but sociable问题5选项A.far removed from civilizationB.impossible to cultivateC.the home of Melio’s Indian relativesD.wet all the year round【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】第1题:文章第一段The greener it became the easier it was to forget the outside，树木越多，越容易忘记外面的世界。

The Journey to Fudan: My Pursuit ofAcademic ExcellenceAs the sun cast its golden rays over the bustling cityof Shanghai, my heart beat with anticipation and excitement.I was on my way to the campus of Fudan University, a place that had long held a special place in my academic aspirations. The journey to this prestigious institutionhad been fraught with challenges and hardships, but the promise of intellectual growth and学术成就 kept me afloat. The essence of Fudan lies in its rich academic heritage and the profound impact it has had on generations of scholars. Its storied history, dating back to its establishment in 1905, is a testament to its commitment to excellence and innovation. The university's commitment to research and its dedication to fostering critical thinking skills among its students are what make it a standout institution in the Chinese higher education landscape.My decision to pursue a doctoral program at Fudan wasnot one taken lightly. The rigorous curriculum and competitive nature of the program required a level of dedication and perseverance that I was willing to commit to.I had spent countless hours poring over research papers, honing my analytical skills, and preparing for the challenging entrance exam. The thought of finally stepping onto the campus, surrounded by like-minded individuals pursuing their academic dreams, filled me with a sense of fulfillment and purpose.My first day at Fudan was a blur of excitement and exploration. The campus, with its lush green spaces and stately buildings, was a stark contrast to the hustle and bustle of the city outside. The atmosphere was one of serious学术追求, with students and faculty alike engrossed in their respective research projects. The library, a sanctuary of knowledge, was a haven for students seeking answers to their academic queries. Here, I found myself surrounded by a community of scholars who shared a passion for learning and a desire to contribute to their field of study.My doctoral program was a rigorous and demanding undertaking. The coursework was intense, pushing me to think critically and analytically about the subjects I had long been passionate about. The professors, with theirwealth of knowledge and experience, were not just mentors but also friends and advisors. They encouraged us to think outside the box, to challenge existing theories, and to push the boundaries of our academic inquiries.The research component of the program was particularly challenging. Conducting independent research, analyzing data, and writing dissertations required a level of discipline and focus that I had never before experienced. However, it was these challenges that made the journey all the more rewarding. The sense of accomplishment I felt when I finally grasped a complex concept or when my research led to a breakthrough was indescribable.Beyond the academic rigors, Fudan provided me with an opportunity to explore different cultures and perspectives. The university's diverse student body, representing various countries and backgrounds, brought a richness and diversity to the academic discourse. Engaging in conversations with my peers from around the world broadened my horizons and challenged my own preconceptions.The support system at Fudan was also a crucial aspect of my academic journey. The university provided ampleresources and opportunities for students to excel,including funding for research projects, scholarships, and opportunities for international exchange. The sense of community and camaraderie among students and faculty alike was a welcome respite from the rigors of academic life.In conclusion, my journey to Fudan University has been a transformative experience. The university's commitment to excellence, its rich academic heritage, and the support it provides to its students have been instrumental in shaping me into a more discerning and knowledgeable scholar. The friendships and connections I have made here will be treasured forever, and the lessons learned will guide me in my future academic and professional pursuits. As I look ahead to the remainder of my doctoral program, I am filled with optimism and excitement about the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead. I am grateful to be a part of the Fudan community and look forward to contributing to its esteemed legacy of academic excellence.。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In the movie he plays a loving and（）father trying to bring up two teenage children on his own.问题1选项A.sensitiveB.senselessC.sensualD.sensuous【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

sensitive“敏感的”；senseless“愚蠢的，无知的”；sensual“感觉的；肉欲的”；sensuous“感觉上的，感官的”。

句意：在电影中他扮演了一个有爱而又敏感的父亲，他要独自一人抚养两个孩子。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题As they entered the village shop, the old lady behind the counter ________ at them kindly. 问题1选项A.beamedB.glaredC.grimacedD.peeped【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

beam at sb.“对某人微笑”；glare at sb.“盯着某人；怒视某人”；grimace“扮鬼脸”；peep at“偷窥”。

句意：当他们走进乡村小店时，柜台后面的老妇人朝他们友好地微笑。

选项A符合题意。

3.单选题What is so depressing about this war is the _____ hatred that both sides feel for each other. 问题1选项A.impartialB.implacableC.imploringD.immune【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

impartial“公正的”；implacable“不能安抚的，难和解的”；imploring“恳求的”；immune“免疫的”。

目　录2012年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2011年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2010年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2009年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2008年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2007年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2006年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2005年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2004年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2003年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解2012年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解Paper OnePart I Vocabulary and Structure (15%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.1. It was very difficult to find the parts needed to do the job because of the ______ way the store was organized.A. logicalB. haphazardC. orderlyD. tidy【答案】B句意：由于店铺东西摆放杂乱无章，干活时找寻所需东西相当【解析】困难。

haphazard随意的；无计划的；胡乱的。

orderly整齐的；有组织的。

2. Mississippi also upholds the South’s well-deserved reputation for warm, hospitable people; balmy year-round weather; and truly ______ cuisine.A. destructiveB. horribleC. amiableD. delectableD【答案】【解析】句意：密西西比州也保持着南方人们热情好客、气候一年到头温暖舒适和菜肴真正美味可口的声誉。

复旦考博英语作文经典范文英文回答：In the ever-evolving landscape of academic research, the pursuit of knowledge and innovation drives researchers to explore uncharted territories and push the boundaries of human understanding. The role of universities as centers of higher learning and knowledge creation is paramount in this endeavor, and they serve as breeding grounds for future scholars and thought leaders who will shape the course of human history.One of the most prestigious and renowned universitiesin China, Fudan University stands as a beacon of academic excellence, attracting top scholars and students from around the world. Its commitment to fostering a vibrant intellectual community and cultivating critical thinking skills is evident in its rigorous academic programs and world-class research facilities.As a prospective doctoral candidate at Fudan University, I am eager to immerse myself in this intellectually stimulating environment and contribute to the advancementof knowledge in my chosen field. My passion for research, coupled with my strong academic foundation and provenability to conduct independent research, will enable me to make significant contributions to the university's research community.Moreover, I am confident that the diverse perspectives and expertise of Fudan University's faculty and studentswill enrich my academic journey and provide me with invaluable opportunities for collaboration and knowledge exchange. The university's interdisciplinary approach to research and its emphasis on cutting-edge technologies will allow me to develop a comprehensive understanding of myfield and prepare me for the challenges of the 21st century.Beyond my academic pursuits, I am committed to actively engaging with the wider Fudan community and contributing to its vibrant intellectual and cultural life. I believe that my involvement in student organizations, conferences, andcommunity outreach initiatives will not only enhance my leadership skills but also foster a sense of belonging and purpose within the university.In summary, I am convinced that Fudan University is the ideal institution for me to pursue my doctoral studies and embark on a fulfilling academic and research career. I am eager to join the Fudan community and contribute to its legacy of academic excellence and innovation.中文回答：复旦大学作为中国最负盛名的大学之一，以其卓越的学术成就享誉海内外，吸引着来自世界各地的顶尖学者和学生。