阅读1

Hurricane KatrinaA hurricane is a fiercely powerful,rotating form of tropical storm that can be 124 to l , 240 miles in diameter. The term hurricane is derived from Hurican, the name of a native American storm god. Hurricanes are typical of a calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter, known as the eye. They occur in tropical regions. Over its lifetime,one of these storms can release as much energy as 10000 nuclear bombs.The seed for hurricane formation is a cluster of thunderstorms over warm tropical waters. Hurricanes can only form and be fed when the sea-surface temperature exceeds 27℃and the surrounding atmosphere is calm. These requirements are met between June and November in the northern hemisphere.Under these conditions, large quantities of water evaporate and condense into clouds and rain - releasing haet in the process. It is this heat energy, combined with the rotation of the Earth, that drives a hurricane.When the warm column of air from the sea surface first begins to rise, It causes an area of low pressure. This in turn creates wind as air is drawn into the area. This spinning wind drags up more moisture-laden air from the sea surface in a process that swells the storm. Cold air falls back to the ocean surface through the eye and on the outside of the storm.Initially, when wind speeds reach 23 miles per hour, these mild, wet and grey weather systems are known as depressions. Hurricane Katrina formed in this way over the south-eastern Bahamas on 23 August 2005. Katrina has had a devastating impact on the Gulf Coast of the US, leaving a disaster zone of 90000 square miles in its wake – almost the size of the UK. Thousands have been killed or injured and more than half a million people have been displaced in a humanitarian crisis of a scale not seen in the US since the great depression. The cost of the damage may top $ 100billio卡特里娜飓风一个飓风一个激烈强大，轮流用热带风暴构成那能124半导体技术天地，240英里在直径。

山东师范大学成人教育期末考试复习题搜题方法：输入题目题干部分文字，按键盘快捷键Ctrl+F查找题目答案。

一.单项选择题1.Allan is looking forward to _______ the trade fair.A.meetB.meetingC.be meetingD.having met参考答案：B2.The message ________ Mr. Black was elected chairman of the committee arrived just in time.A.whichB.whatC.thaD.how参考答案：C3.The scientists wanted to keep people ________ about the breakthrough in their experiment.rmrmedrmingD.to inform参考答案：B4.She didn’t know ________ to express her ideas in English clearly in publiC.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how参考答案：D5.The sales manager had his secretary ________ a press conference for their new products.A.arrangeB.to arrangeC.have arrangedD.arranged参考答案：A6.They had talked only for a few minutes ________ they found they were of different opinions.A.unlessB.whileC.beforeD.once参考答案：C7.We must find a way to cut prices ________ reducing our profits too much.A.withoutB.despiteC.withD.for参考答案：A8.It is important that we ________ the task ahead of time.A.will fishB.finishedC.finishD.shall finish参考答案：C9.We are happy at the good news ________ Mr. Black has been awarded the Best Manager.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether参考答案：A10.________ the weather improves, we will suffer a huge loss in the tourist industry.A.AsB.SinceC.WhileD.Unless参考答案：D二.阅读理解11.Dorothy married Bud Ryther, a soft-spoken immigration officer, in 1942, and at 36 gave birth to a stillborn baby boy. Despite her grief, she realized that her loss left her available to help others. At a small rented house in Fort Erie, Ontario, she began tutoring kids with problems in school, charging a nominal fee only if parents could afford it.Among those who learned at her kitchen table was a dropout who couldn't read well enough to become a police officer. With remedial aid from Dot, he was hired by the force. There was a girl who did so poorly in all her classes that the school labeled her “not too bright.”In one-on-one sessions, however, Dot found she was slightly deaf. Back in her regular class but now seated at the front, she soon revealed above-average intelligence.Long before schools had special-needs programs, Dot helped pupils beset by learning disabilities. Those who knew her say Dot's philosophy was “Whatever their full potential may be, that's my goal for them.”Soon her work also attracted illiterate adults. In a chemical plant, one man judged the contents of bottles by the size and color of their labels. Afraid of losing his job, he turned to Dot, Months later, assembling a shipment of chemicals, he realized that he was reading the labels－and burst into tears of joy.After Bud Ryther's mother died, he and Dot moved into his brown-shingled family home. Dot's star pupil there was a teenage boy who had suffered brain damage in an accident. Doctors felt he could absorb knowledge no more. Under Dot's tutelage(指导), however, he finished secondary school, took correspondence courses in business and became self-supporting.。

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Two years ago, I went to a bookstore. When I started out for home, it was already dark."It seems to rain.” I thought as I ____ 1 _____(ride) my bike home.“ I need to ride fast.”I rode as fast as I could. Suddenly, I saw a little girl __2___ (cross)the street. She held a basket in her hand and looked at me. She was nervous, I was getting nearer and nearer to her. I wanted to stop but I couldn't . Then it was too __3___.My bike hit the girl hard. She was hit ____4____ hard that she was crying. Her basket lay on the street. What could I do? One voice shouted, "Get her to a doctor as ___5___ (quick) as possible! "But another voice whispered, “Get away as fast as you can.” I didn’t know what ___6___ (do). It was raining and I was confused. Finally, I just rode off.I rode on in the rain, but my heart was beating fast. I couldn’t help ___7___ (think) about the girl. Was she still crying in the street? Was she hurt? I wasn’t there ___8____ I didn’t know. I decided to ride back. But when I got there, the girl was gone. Only her basket was left. I stood there for a long time, ashamed of ___9_____(me).Two years has passed，but I cant 10 (forget)that girl. I really want to say to her，＂I’m sorry，little girl.”1.rode2.crossing3. late4. so5.quickly6.to do7. thinking8.so9. myself 10. forgetIn September，my family and I will leave Britain to travel around the world.We __1_planning the trip last January，and we will be back in June.We will travel about 10 months.We plan to_2_____20 countries.People often have to lose their jobs to have a(n)_3_ like this,but my parents will never do that.They have a pet shop，and they plan to find_4_ to help them._5_ I'll have to do my homework.Mum says we can go online in most places，so I'll _6__email my homework to my teachers.We have to 7 what we need to take.We can't take too many nice clothes and different pairs of shoes，but l know I must take my travel pillow.If I have that，I can_8_anywhere.Of course we can't take_9_cat and l know I will miss her.But I'm sure she'll play happily_10_my grandparents.Also,I’ll often talk to my friends online.1. A.stopped B.started C. disliked D.enjoyed2. A.join B.show C. describe D.visit3. A.trip B.idea C. answer D. guide4. A. something B.anything C. someone D.anyone5. A.But B.So C.Or D.If6. A.yet B.never C. just D.only7. Await B. decide C. remember D.miss8. A. jump B.shout C.order D.sleep9. A.our B. their C. his D.her10. A.over B with C. at D.on答案：BDACA CBDAB1。

英语阅读第1册参考答案1. Lesson 1: The Little Red Hen- Q1: What did the Little Red Hen find? A: She found some wheat.- Q2: Who helped her to plant the wheat? A: No one helped her.- Q3: What did the hen do with the wheat? A: She planted it, tended it, and made bread.- Q4: Who ate the bread? A: The Little Red Hen ate the bread by herself.2. Lesson 2: The Cat and the Mice- Q1: What happened to the cat? A: The cat fell asleep.- Q2: What did the mice do when the cat was asleep? A: They stole cheese and played.- Q3: What did the cat do when it woke up? A: The cat chased the mice.- Q4: What did the cat catch? A: The cat caught the mouse who stole the cheese.3. Lesson 3: The Fox and the Grapes- Q1: What did the fox want to eat? A: The fox wanted to eat grapes.- Q2: Why couldn't the fox reach the grapes? A: The grapes were too high.- Q3: What did the fox say about the grapes? A: The fox said the grapes were sour.- Q4: What does this story teach us? A: It teaches us notto be envious of what we cannot have.4. Lesson 4: The Tortoise and the Hare- Q1: Who was the fastest runner? A: The hare was the fastest runner.- Q2: Who won the race? A: The tortoise won the race.- Q3: Why did the tortoise win? A: The tortoise won because the hare took a long nap.- Q4: What is the moral of the story? A: The moral is that slow and steady wins the race.5. Lesson 5: The Lion and the Mouse- Q1: Who was the king of the jungle? A: The lion was the king of the jungle.- Q2: What did the mouse do to the lion? A: The mouse woke the lion up by mistake.- Q3: What did the lion do to the mouse? A: The lion laughed and let the mouse go.- Q4: How did the mouse repay the lion? A: The mouse freed the lion from a hunter's net.6. Lesson 6: The Ant and the Grasshopper- Q1: Who worked hard all summer? A: The ant worked hard all summer.- Q2: Who played all summer? A: The grasshopper played all summer.- Q3: What happened when winter came? A: The ant had food, but the grasshopper was hungry.- Q4: What did the ant do for the grasshopper? A: The ant gave the grasshopper some food.7. Lesson 7: The Ugly Duckling- Q1: What was the duckling's appearance? A: The duckling was ugly and different from the other ducks.- Q2: How did the other ducks treat the duckling? A: The other ducks teased and bullied the duckling.- Q3: What happened to the duckling when it grew up? A: The duckling became a beautiful swan.- Q4: What does this story symbolize? A: It symbolizes personal transformation and self-acceptance.8. Lesson 8: The Three Little Pigs- Q1: What did the three little pigs build their houses with? A: Straw, sticks, and bricks.- Q2: Who blew the first two houses down? A: The big bad wolf blew the first two houses down.- Q3: Which pig's house was not blown down? A: The pig who built his house with bricks.- Q4: What did the wolf do when he couldn't blow down the brick house? A: The wolf tried to trick the pig but failed, and he was chased away.9. Lesson 9: The Boy Who Cried Wolf- Q1: What did the boy do when there was no wolf? A: The boy cried "Wolf!" falsely.- Q2: What did the villagers do when they heard the boy's cries? A: The villagers came to help the boy.- Q3: What happened when a real wolf came? A: The boy cried for help, but the villagers did not believe him.- Q4: What does this story teach us? A: It teaches us not to lie, as people will not believe us when we tell the。

孩子和书佚名这小镇只有一家书店。

这书店只有她一个卖书的。

她卖了多少书?怎样忙过来的?没有人说得清。

人们只知道，书架上的书越来越丰富，进出书店的人换了一拨又一拨，她的额头和眼角也已渐渐刻上细细的皱纹。

可她那一双眸子却依然如秋日潭水般清明。

几十年来，人们从她那传神的眸子中读出的满是善良、真诚。

正因为这样，那些赶集的老婆婆们不买书也会走进店来，歇乏，拉家常，向她讨水喝。

有时，她们也会大把大把地掏出鲜枣、红果，强留在柜面上。

一天，小书店里来了一位年轻人。

“您要买书?”不看看先看看年轻人礼貌地说请您取一下那本书他指向那本装帧精荚雅致的诗集孩子和书“您看过这本书吗?”他抚摸着手中的诗集，问。

她赧然了：“没有……”真的，她卖过的书很多，但读过的书太少。

实在是因为太忙了。

她常常只能翻一翻新进的书：看看封面、内容提要、插图、定价。

这是为了向客人介绍、推荐。

让顾客买了不合适的书，她觉得对不起人家，尤其是那些农家孩子。

她深知，那些孩子手中的一把把硬币是从妈妈的盐钱里一点一点抠来的。

“您，认识我吗?”年轻人突然问道。

她愣住了，仔细地观察他，希望能记起来。

可是，回忆里只是一片空白。

他笑了。

“您真好，”说着，他放下手中的诗集，从包里取出一本书，递到她面前，“这是我送给您的。

”她茫然，甚至有点不知所措——为什么送我书?见她不接，他就把那书放在柜面上，凝视着她，“您还记得十五年前的一个偷书的孩子吗?”他顿了一下，似乎为了唤起她的记忆，“他偷了您的书……您没有骂他……还给了他两块点心，是白皮的，一杯水，放了糖……”年轻人的话使她渐渐记起了一件往事。

十五六年前，正值“文化大革命”时期，她店里许多捆书被贴上了封条，放在了角落里。

有一天，她听到一阵“窸窸窣窣”的响声，走过去，啊!一个孩子，蓬头垢面，一脸汗珠，正从一捆书里掏出一本匆匆往怀里塞。

她咳嗽了一声。

于是看到一双慌张中带着倔强的眼睛……她没有训他，送了那本书给他，好像是《牛虻》。

第二部分阅读理解（1）全真翻译版（判断对错题——A：T代表对；B：F代表错）以下18篇正误判断题(实考题),考1题共10分,答案是二选一,即A或B. 相对来说难度较低,投机率大.阅读一的题库范围太大、每次考试出现的新题很多，资料里的题目考试时抽中的机会很小。

建议不用花时间去准备。

阅读一的答案特点为 A 多于 B 的几率大，约 70%的文章答案为 A 多于 B解题思路:正误判断题主要考学生对文章的理解能力.根据文章内容对所给句子即题干判断正误.难度相对较小.此类题型往往依托短文内容进行发挥,或者给出意见相近或相反的几个句子要求辨别判断.或者变换词句结构来考察同意思的不同表达.做此类题目时,应先看问题,根据”问题中的关键词回归原文定位的方法”, 带着”问题”,寻找所需要的信息,两相对照,仔细辨别. 注意在对句子进行判断时,只有完全符合文章意思的句子才可判断为正确,那些基本意思相同,却仍然有某一点不符合的应判断为错误.Passage 1Jimmy is a very kind young man. He works in a big supermarket. His workmates like him very much.Last month Jimmy caught a bad cold, he stayed in bed for about two weeks. But after he got well, something happened—he couldn’t stop winking(眨眼). When he stayed at home, he was all right as usual. But if he went out, he couldn’t stop his eyes from winking.Jimmy went to work the next morning. On the way he met a policeman and winked at him. The policeman felt surprised but said nothing. Then he met an old man and winked at him. The old man thought he must be mad. But still he didn’t say a word.Real trouble started when he met women. First he met a young lady. He winked at her. The woman’s face turned red, and ran away as fast as she could. And then he met an old woman who carried a walking stick. Jimmy winked at her, she looked closely at him. Jimmy winked again. Without saying a word, she hit Jimmy on the head with her walking-stick.“Take that!” she cried out “This is a lesson for you.” Poor Jimmy! How could he explain it? He ran away quickly.From then on, he always wears a pair of dark glasses when he goes out.吉米是个很好的年轻人，他在一个大超市工作，他的同事们都很喜欢他。

阅读1 《好消息》三月的微风把好消息轻声告诉了一朵云，云儿背着许多小雨滴。

雨滴噼噼啪啪落下来，把好消息告诉了苹果树上的一朵花儿。

正在采蜜的小蜜蜂听到了好消息，就嗡嗡地唱着歌告诉山丘上的每一朵蒲公英。

蒲公英一句话也不说，她们金黄色的脸儿，在雨后的阳光下露出了笑容。

现在每一个人都知道了这个好消息—春天来了。

1、全文共有（）个自然段。

2、在文中找出与下列词语意思相反的词哭—（）坏—（）去—（）上—（）3、短文中写了谁在传播那个好消息？4、你知道这个好消息是什么吗？写下来。

阅读2《小兔运南瓜》一天，住在森林边上的小白兔到菜地里收南瓜。

他蹦蹦跳跳地来到地里，看见南瓜长得又圆又大，他高兴极了，伸手就摘下来一个。

这一下他可发愁了，这么大的南瓜怎么搬得动呢？正在这时，小熊猫骑着自行车过来了，边走边说：“小白兔，你好！”看见小熊猫骑的车子，小白兔一下子有主意了，他想：我的大南瓜圆圆的，多像车轮呀，不是也可以转动吗？好，有办法啦！小白兔用力把南瓜竖起来，推着它往前走。

南瓜果然像车轮一样转动着向前滚去。

真是又快又省劲。

一会儿，小白兔就到了家门口。

兔妈妈见了惊讶的问：“你是怎么把南瓜运回来的？”小白兔把经过告诉了妈妈，妈妈高兴地夸奖小白兔，说：“你真是个善于观察、爱动脑筋的好孩子。

”1、大南瓜圆圆的，多像呀。

小兔子地来到地里。

2、读了短文，你认为小兔聪明吗？他是怎么把南瓜运回家的？用“ 画出文中的答案。

3、最后一个自然段共有句话。

兔妈妈是如何夸奖小兔的？用“一一”在文中画出来。

阅读3《孤单的斑鸠》小斑鸠很孤单，几乎没有朋友。

有一天，他问白头翁：“白头翁爷爷，谁能和我交朋友呢？”白头翁说：“你可以去和喜鹊交朋友，他热情、善良！” 小斑鸠惭愧地说：“我强占过他的巢，他不会和我好的。

” 白头翁说：“你可以去和啄木鸟交朋友，他勤劳、正直！”小斑鸠不好意思地说：“上次，我骂他是笨蛋，他不会原谅我的。

” 白头翁想了想，又说：“那么，你去找小麻雀试试，他天真、活泼！” 小斑鸠为难地说：“不行啊，前几天我和他打了一架，把他啄得头破血流。

三月的微风把好消息轻声告诉了一朵云，云儿背着许多小雨滴。

雨滴噼噼啪啪落下来，把好消息告诉了苹果树上的一朵花儿。

正在采蜜的小蜜蜂听到了好消息，就嗡嗡地唱着歌告诉山丘上的每一朵蒲公英。

蒲公英一句话也不说，她们金黄色的脸儿，在雨后的阳光下露出了笑容。

阅读2《小兔运南瓜》一天，住在森林边上的小白兔到菜地里收南瓜。

他蹦蹦跳跳地来到地里，看见南瓜长得又圆又大，他高兴极了，伸手就摘下来一个。

这一下他可发愁了，这么大的南瓜怎么搬得动呢？正在这时，小熊猫骑着自行车过来了，边走边说：“小白兔，你好！”看见小熊猫骑的车子，小白兔一下子有主意了，他想：我的大南瓜圆圆的，多像车轮呀，不是也可以转动吗？好，有办法啦！小白兔用力把南瓜竖起来，推着它往前走。

南瓜果然像车轮一样转动着向前滚去。

真是又快又省劲。

一会儿，小白兔就到了家门口。

兔妈妈见了惊讶的问：“你是怎么把南瓜运回来的？”小白兔把经过告诉了妈妈，妈妈高兴地夸奖小白兔，说：“你真是个善于观察、爱动脑筋的好孩子。

”小斑鸠很孤单，几乎没有朋友。

有一天，他问白头翁：“白头翁爷爷，谁能和我交朋友呢？”白头翁说：“你可以去和喜鹊交朋友，他热情、善良！”小斑鸠惭愧地说：“我强占过他的巢，他不会和我好的。

”白头翁说：“你可以去和啄木鸟交朋友，他勤劳、正直！”小斑鸠不好意思地说：“上次，我骂他是笨蛋，他不会原谅我的。

”白头翁想了想，又说：“那么，你去找小麻雀试试，他天真、活泼！”小斑鸠为难地说：“不行啊，前几天我和他打了一架，把他啄得头破血流。

”白头翁叹了一口气说：“哎，你总是欺负别人，谁还愿意成为你的朋友呢？”阅读4小斑鸠说秋姑娘秋姑娘来了，多么美丽动人。

苹果是你的脸蛋，葡萄是你的眼睛，红枣是你的嘴巴，风铃是你的笑声。

你从夏天走过来，走进我们香甜的梦。

、。

阅读5《春妈妈的三个小姑娘》春妈妈回来了，带来了三个淘气的小姑娘。

雷姑娘喜欢敲着鼓儿玩，敲醒了天空，敲醒了田野，敲醒了沉睡的山岭和村庄。

三月的微风把好消息轻声告诉了一朵云，云儿背着许多小雨滴。

雨滴噼噼啪啪落下来，把好消息告诉了苹果树上的一朵花儿。

正在采蜜的小蜜蜂听到了好消息，就嗡嗡地唱着歌告诉山丘上的每一朵蒲公英。

蒲公英一句话也不说，她们金黄色的脸儿，在雨后的阳光下露出了笑容。

阅读2《小兔运南瓜》一天，住在森林边上的小白兔到菜地里收南瓜。

他蹦蹦跳跳地来到地里，看见南瓜长得又圆又大，他高兴极了，伸手就摘下来一个。

这一下他可发愁了，这么大的南瓜怎么搬得动呢？正在这时，小熊猫骑着自行车过来了，边走边说：“小白兔，你好！”看见小熊猫骑的车子，小白兔一下子有主意了，他想：我的大南瓜圆圆的，多像车轮呀，不是也可以转动吗？好，有办法啦！小白兔用力把南瓜竖起来，推着它往前走。

南瓜果然像车轮一样转动着向前滚去。

真是又快又省劲。

一会儿，小白兔就到了家门口。

兔妈妈见了惊讶的问：“你是怎么把南瓜运回来的？”小白兔把经过告诉了妈妈，妈妈高兴地夸奖小白兔，说：“你真是个善于观察、爱动脑筋的好孩子。

”小斑鸠很孤单，几乎没有朋友。

有一天，他问白头翁：“白头翁爷爷，谁能和我交朋友呢？”白头翁说：“你可以去和喜鹊交朋友，他热情、善良！”小斑鸠惭愧地说：“我强占过他的巢，他不会和我好的。

”白头翁说：“你可以去和啄木鸟交朋友，他勤劳、正直！”小斑鸠不好意思地说：“上次，我骂他是笨蛋，他不会原谅我的。

”白头翁想了想，又说：“那么，你去找小麻雀试试，他天真、活泼！”小斑鸠为难地说：“不行啊，前几天我和他打了一架，把他啄得头破血流。

”白头翁叹了一口气说：“哎，你总是欺负别人，谁还愿意成为你的朋友呢？”阅读4小斑鸠说秋姑娘秋姑娘来了，多么美丽动人。

苹果是你的脸蛋，葡萄是你的眼睛，红枣是你的嘴巴，风铃是你的笑声。

你从夏天走过来，走进我们香甜的梦。

、。

阅读5《春妈妈的三个小姑娘》春妈妈回来了，带来了三个淘气的小姑娘。

雷姑娘喜欢敲着鼓儿玩，敲醒了天空，敲醒了田野，敲醒了沉睡的山岭和村庄。

剑桥雅思真题13-阅读Test 1（附答案）Reading Passage 1You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Case Study: Tourism New Zealand websiteNew Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country's gross domestic product, and is the country's largest export sector. Unlike other export sectors, which make products and then sell them overseas, tourism brings its customers to New Zealand. The product is the country itself - the people, the places and the experiences. In 1999, Tourism New Zealand launched a campaign to communicate a new brand position to the world. The campaign focused on New Zealand's scenic beauty, exhilarating outdoor activities and authentic Maori culture, and it made New Zealand one of the strongest national brands in the world.A key feature of the campaign was the website , which provided potential visitors to New Zealand with a single gateway to everything the destination had to offer. The heart of the website was a database of tourism services operators, both those based in New Zealand and those based abroad which offered tourism services to the country. Any tourism-related business could be listed by filling in a simple form. This meant that even the smallest bed and breakfast address or specialist activity provider could gain a web presence with access to an audience of long-haul visitors. In addition, because participating businesses were able to update the details they gave on a regular basis, the information provided remained accurate. And to maintain and improve standards, Tourism New Zealand organised a scheme whereby organisations appearing on the website underwent an independent evaluation against a set of agreed national standards of quality. As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered.To communicate the New Zealand experience, the site also carried features relating to famous people and places. One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga. Another feature that attracted a lot of attention was an interactive journey through a number of the locations chosen for blockbuster films which had made use of New Zealand's stunning scenery as a backdrop. As the site developed, additional features were added to help independent travellers devise their own customised itineraries. To make it easier to plan motoring holidays, the site catalogued the most popular driving routes in the country, highlighting different routes according to the season and indicating distances and times.Later, a Travel Planner feature was added, which allowed visitors to click and 'bookmark' places or attractions they were interested in, and then view the results on a map. The Travel Planner offered suggested routes and public transport options between the chosen locations. There were also links to accommodation in the area. By registering with the website, users could save their Travel Plan and return to it later, or print it out to take on the visit. The website also had a 'Your Words' section where anyone could submit a blog of their New Zealand travels for possible inclusion on the website.The Tourism New Zealand website won two Webby awards for online achievement and innovation. More importantly perhaps, the growth of tourism to New Zealand was impressive. Overall tourismexpenditure increased by an average of 6.9% per year between 1999 and 2004. From Britain, visits to New Zealand grew at an average annual rate of 13% between 2002 and 2006, compared to a rate of 4% overall for British visits abroad.The website was set up to allow both individuals and travel organisations to create itineraries and travel packages to suit their own needs and interests. On the website, visitors can search for activities not solely by geographical location, but also by the particular nature of the activity. This is important as research shows that activities are the key driver of visitor satisfaction, contributing 74% to visitor satisfaction, while transport and accommodation account for the remaining 26%. The more activities that visitors undertake, the more satisfied they will be. It has also been found that visitors undertake, the more satisfied they will be. It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn about traditional Maori life. Many long-haul travellers enjoy such learning experiences, which provide them with stories to take home to their friends and family. In addition, it appears that visitors to New Zealand don't want to be 'one of the crowd' and find activities that involve only a few people more special and meaningful.It could be argued that New Zealand is not a typical destination. New Zealand is a small country with a visitor economy composed mainly of small businesses. It is generally perceived as a safe English-speaking country with a reliable transport infrastructure. Because of the long-haul flight, most visitors stay for longer (average 20 days) and want to see as much of the country as possible on what is often seen as a once-in-a-lifetime visit. However, the underlying lessons apply anywhere -the effectiveness of a strong brand, a strategy based on unique experiences and a comprehensive and user-friendly website.Questions 1-7Complete the table below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.Questions 8-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this8. The website aimed to provide ready-made itineraries and packages for travel companies and individual tourists.9. It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location.10. According to research, 26% of visitor satisfaction is related to their accommodation.11. Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture.12. Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones.13. Many visitors feel it is unlikely that they will return to New Zealand after their visit.Reading Passage 2You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Why being bored is stimulating - and useful, tooThis most common of emotions is turning out to be more interesting than we thoughtA We all know how it feels - it's impossible to keep your mind on anything, time stretches out, and all the things you could do seem equally unlikely to make you feel better. But defining boredom so that it can be studied in the lab has proved difficult. For a start, it can include a lot of other mental states, such as frustration, apathy, depression and indifference. There isn't even agreement over whether boredom is always a low-energy, flat kind of emotion or whether feeling agitated and restless counts as boredom, too. In his book, Boredom: A Lively History, Peter Toohey at the University of Calgary, Canada, compares it to disgust - an emotion that motivates us to stay away from certain situations. 'If disgust protects humans from infection, boredom may protect them from ''infectious'' social situations,' he suggests.B By asking people about their experiences of boredom, Thomas Goetz and his team at the University of Konstanz in Germany have recently identified five distinct types: indifferent, calibrating, searching, reactant and apathetic. These can be plotted on two axes - one running left to right, which measures low to high arousal, and the other from top to bottom, which measures how positive or negative the feeling is. Intriguingly, Goetz has found that while people experience all kinds of boredom, they tend to specialise in one. Of the five types, the most damaging is 'reactant' boredom with its explosive combination of high arousal and negative emotion. The most useful is what Goetz calls 'indifferent' boredom: someone isn't engaged in anything satisfying but still feels relaxed and calm. However, it remains to be seen whether there are any character traits that predict the kind of boredom each of us might be prone to.C Psychologist Sandi Mann at the University of Central Lancashire, UK, goes further. 'All emotions are there for a reason, including boredom,' she says. Mann has found that being bored makes us more creative. 'We're all afraid of being bored but in actual fact it can lead to all kinds of amazing things,' she says. In experiments published last year, Mann found that people who had been made to feel bored by copying numbers out of the phone book for 15 minutes came up withmore creative ideas about how to use a polystyrene cup than a control group. Mann concluded that a passive, boring activity is best for creativity because it allows the mind to wander in fact, she goes so far as to (suggest that we should seek out more boredom in our lives.D Psychologist John Eastwood at York University in Toronto, Canada, isn't convinced. 'If you are in a state of mind-wandering you are not bored,' he says. 'In my view, by definition boredom is an undesirable state.' That doesn't necessarily mean that it isn't adaptive, he adds. 'Pain is adaptive - if we didn't have physical pain, bad things would happen to us. Does that mean that we should actively cause pain? No. But even if boredom has evolved to help us survive, it can still be toxic if allowed to fester.' For Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is a failure to put our 'attention system' into gear. This causes an inability to focus on anything, which makes time seem to go painfully slowly. What's more, your efforts to improve the situation can end up making you feel worse. 'People try to connect with the world and if they are not successful there's that frustration and irritability,' he says. Perhaps most worryingly, says Eastwood, repeatedly failing to engage attention can lead to a state where we don't know what to do any more, and no longer care.E Eastwood's team is now trying to explore why the attention system fails. It's early days but they think that at least some of it comes down to personality. Boredom proneness has been linked with a variety of traits. People who are motivated by pleasure seem to suffer particularly badly. Other personality traits, such as curiosity, are associated with a high boredom threshold. More evidence that boredom has detrimental effects comes from studies of people who are more or less prone to boredom. It seems those who bore easily face poorer prospects in education, their career and even life in general. But of course, boredom itself cannot kill - it's the things we do to deal with it that may put us in danger. What can we do to alleviate it before it comes to that? Goetz's group has one suggestion. Working with teenagers, they found that those who 'approach' a boring situation - in other words, see that it's boring and get stuck in anyway - report less boredom than those who try to avoid it by using snacks, TV or social media for distraction.F Psychologist Francoise Wemelsfelder speculates that our over-connected lifestyles might even be a new source of boredom. 'In modern human society there is a lot of overstimulation but still a lot of problems finding meaning,' she says. So instead of seeking yet more mental stimulation, perhaps we should leave our phones alone, and use boredom to motivate us to engage with the world in a more meaningful way.Questions 14-19Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, A-H, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.14Paragraph A15Paragraph B16 Paragraph C17 Paragraph D18Paragraph E19Paragraph FQuestions 20-23Look at the following people (Questions 20-23) and the list of ideas below.Match each person with the correct idea, A-E.Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 20-23 on your answer sheet.20Peter Toohey21 Thomas Goetz22John Eastwood23Francoise WemelsfelderQuestions 24-26Complete the summary below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.Responses to boredomFor John Eastwood, the central feature of boredom is that people cannot 24 …………, due to a failure in what he calls the 'attention system', and as a result they become frustrated and irritable. His team suggests that those for whom 25 ………… is an important aim in life may have problems in coping with boredom, whereas those who have the characteristic of 26 ………… can generally cope with it.Reading Passage 3You should spend about 20 minutes on QUESTIONS 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Artificial artistsCan computers really create works of art?The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, so their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robothave sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. And software has been built which creates art that could not have been imagined by the programmer.Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly. If we can break this process down into computer code, where does that leave human creativity? 'This is a question at the very core of humanity, ' says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. 'It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.'To some extent, we are all familiar with computerised art. The question is: where does the work of the artist stop and the creativity of the computer begin? Consider one of the oldest machine artists, Aaron, a robot that has had paintings exhibited in London's Tate Modern and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realise the programmer's own creative ideas.Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesn't attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier 'artists' such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It is now beginning to display a kind of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is a series of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. While some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions arise from people's double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. 'If a child painted a new scene from its head, you'd say it has a certain level of imagination, ' he points out. 'The same should be true of a machine.' Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results. Some of the Painting Fool's paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the renowned Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their colour palette -so why should computers be any different?Researchers like Colton don't believe it is right to measure machine creativity directly to that of humans who 'have had millennia to develop our skills'. Others, though, are fascinated by the prospect that a computer might create something as original and subtle as our best artists. So far, only one has come close. Composer David Cope invented a program called Experiments in Musical Intelligence, or EMI. Not only did EMI create compositions in Cope's style, but also that of the most revered classical composers, including Bach, Chopin and Mozart. Audiences were moved to tears, and EMI even fooled classical music experts into thinking they were hearing genuine Bach. Not everyone was impressed however. Some, such as Wiggins, have blasted Cope's work as pseudoscience, and condemned him for his deliberately vague explanation of how the software worked. Meanwhile, Douglas Hofstadter of Indiana University said EMI created replicas which still rely completely on the original artist's creative impulses. When audiences found out the truth they were often outraged with Cope, and one music lover even tried to punch him. Amid such controversy, Cope destroyed EMI's vital databases.But why did so many people love the music, yet recoil when they discovered how it was composed? A study by computer scientist David Moffat of Glasgow Caledonian University provides a clue. He asked both expert musicians and non-experts to assess six compositions. The participants weren't told beforehand whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers,but were asked to guess, and then rate how much they liked each one. People who thought the composer was a computer tended to dislike the piece more than those who believed it was human. This was true even among the experts, who might have been expected to be more objective in their analyses.Where does this prejudice come from? Paul Bloom of Yale University has a suggestion: he reckons part of the pleasure we get from art stems from the creative process behind the work. This can give it an 'irresistible essence', says Bloom. Meanwhile, experiments by Justin Kruger of New York University have shown that people's enjoyment of an artwork increases if they think more time and effort was needed to create it. Similarly, Colton thinks that when people experience art, they wonder what the artist might have been thinking or what the artist is trying to tell them. It seems obvious, therefore, that with computers producing art, this speculation is cut short - there's nothing to explore. But as technology becomes increasingly complex, finding those greater depths in computer art could become possible. This is precisely why Colton asks the Painting Fool to tap into online social networks for its inspiration: hopefully this way it will choose themes that will already be meaningful to us.Questions 27-31Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.27 What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph?A People's acceptance of them can vary considerably.B A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field.C They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others.D The advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be.28 According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art?A It is aesthetically inferior to human art.B It may ultimately supersede human art.C It undermines a fundamental human quality.D It will lead to a deterioration in human ability.29 What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool?A its programmer's backgroundB public response to its workC the source of its subject matterD the technical standard of its output30 What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph?A Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic.B The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art.C It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being.D People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria.31 The writer refers to the paintings of a chair as an example of computer art whichA achieves a particularly striking effect.B exhibits a certain level of genuine artistic skill.C closely resembles that of a well-known artist.D highlights the technical limitations of the software.Questions 32-37Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G below.Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 32-37 on your answer sheet.32 Simon Colton says it is important to consider the long-term view when33 David Cope's EMI software surprised people by34 Geraint Wiggins criticised Cope for not35 Douglas Hofstadter claimed that EMI was36 Audiences who had listened to EMI's music became angry after37 The participants in David Moffat's study had to assess music withoutDo the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this38 Moffat's research may help explain people's reactions to EMI.39 The non-experts in Moffat's study all responded in a predictable way.40 Justin Kruger's findings cast doubt on Paul Bloom's theory about people's prejudice towards computer art.参考答案1 update2 environment3 captain4 films5 season6 accommodation7 blog8 FALSE9 NOT GIVEN10 FALSE11 TRUE12 NOT GIVEN13 TRUE14 iv15 vi16 i17 v18 viii19 iii20 E21 B22 D23 A24 focus25 pleasure26 curiosity27 B28 C29 C30 D31 A32 D33 A34 E35 C36 G37 B38 YES39 NOT GIVEN40 NO。