chapter 1 business organisation and structure

• 你能简单介绍一下自己吗？
• Interviewee: I am a graduate of a technical university and have been employed as a technician with Company # for approximately 10 years.
• 从你的简历，我可以看出你在 方面有丰富的经验。我想 知道为什么你认为你适合这份工作。
• Interviewee: Well I’m impressed with what the company has done in the past and I think by hiring me the company’s future can only be brighter. I find that my personal goals and ideas about business operations mesh1 perfectly with this company’s goals and mission statement.
• 在低成本的生产目标与拓宽生产线的营销目标之间由来已 久的冲突是一个管理学问题内在联系的好例子。每个目标 之间都存在冲突。
• 8、The objectives of individual parts must be (compromised) to meet the objectives of the entire firm .
• 甚至在今天, 我们所了解的管理学也都出自 于那些管理人员的自传和论文集。
• 3、According to the text ,the three well-established approaches to management thought are the (classical) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing work and organizations ;the (behavioral) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing people;and the (management science)approach,which focus on the task of production and operations.

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How organisations differ
最重要的两个标准： • Ownership（属于谁？） • Profit or non-profit orientation（赚不赚钱？） 其他标准： • Control（所有者控制还是经理人控制？） • Activity（从事什么工作？） • Legal status（有无独立法人地位？） • Size • Sources of finance（银行的钱基本都是借来的，普通公司则不是） • Technology
• enable people to specialise in what they do best.（各司其职）
• save time, because people can work together or do two aspects of a different task at the same time.（同一时间两个人做事） • accumulate and share knowledge. • enable synergy: by bringing together two individuals their combined output will exceed their output if they continued working separately.（协同效应，1+1>2）
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Purposes of Business Organisation
An organisation is: 'a social arrangement which pursues collective goals, which controls its own performance and which has a boundary separating it from its environment'. 组织，是社会性的协定。在这种协定内，人们追求着共同的目标，控制 着其自身的活动。同时，这一协定是有边界的，这边界将其与其周围环 境区分开。 关键字： Collective goals Control A boundary

工商管理相关英文书籍Essentials of Business Administration: A Comprehensive Guide.Introduction.In the dynamic world of business, the role of effective management is paramount. Business administration, as a field, encompasses a wide range of disciplines and practices that aim to optimize organizational performance and achieve strategic goals. This comprehensive guide explores the essentials of business administration, providing readers with a solid foundation in the principles and practices that underlie successful management.Chapter 1: Overview of Business Administration.Business administration is the discipline that deals with the management of businesses and organizations. It involves the planning, organizing, directing, andcontrolling of activities to achieve desired goals. The field covers various areas such as accounting, marketing, human resources, operations, and strategy.The primary functions of business administration include decision-making, coordinating resources, leading people, and ensuring compliance with legal and ethical standards. Effective managers must possess a blend of technical skills, people skills, and strategic insight to guide their organizations towards success.Chapter 2: The Managerial Process.The managerial process is the core of business administration. It involves five key activities: planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and evaluating.Planning involves setting goals and developing strategies to achieve them. Organizing involves dividing work among employees, assigning responsibilities, and creating structures and procedures. Leading involves motivating and guiding employees towards achieving theorganization's goals. Controlling involves monitoring progress and making necessary adjustments to ensure that plans are being followed. Evaluating involves assessing the effectiveness of the managerial process and making improvements where necessary.Chapter 3: Key Areas of Business Administration.Marketing: Marketing is the process of promoting and selling products or services to customers. It involves understanding customer needs, developing appropriate products or services, promoting them effectively, and distributing them to the target market. Marketing managers must stay abreast of trends, competition, and technology to ensure that their organizations maintain a competitive edge.Finance: Finance is the area of business administration that deals with the management of money and other financial assets. It involves raising funds, allocating them to different projects or investments, and ensuring that the organization's financial position remains healthy.Financial managers must have a deep understanding offinancial statements, ratios, and market trends to make informed decisions.Human Resources: Human resources (HR) is the area responsible for managing the people within an organization. It involves recruiting, selecting, training, and developing employees, as well as administering compensation and benefits programs. HR managers must ensure that the organization has the right people in the right positions, and that these people are motivated and engaged.Operations: Operations management deals with the production and delivery of goods and services. It involves managing the physical resources of the organization, such as facilities, equipment, and inventory, to ensureefficient and effective production. Operations managers must ensure that the organization's processes are optimized to maximize productivity and minimize waste.Strategy: Strategy is the long-term plan of an organization, aiming to achieve its mission and vision. It involves analyzing the external environment, understandingthe organization's internal strengths and weaknesses, and developing a plan to achieve competitive advantage. Strategic managers must have a broad perspective and the ability to think creatively about how to position their organizations for success.Chapter 4: The Future of Business Administration.The field of business administration is constantly evolving, driven by technological advancements, globalization, and changing consumer behaviors. Future trends in business administration include the increasing importance of data analytics and artificial intelligence in decision-making, the rise of remote work and virtual teams, and the need for more sustainable and ethical business practices.Managers must stay up-to-date with these trends and adapt their strategies and practices accordingly. They must also focus on developing their own skills and capabilities, particularly in areas such as leadership, innovation, and cross-functional collaboration.In conclusion, business administration is a critical discipline that covers a wide range of topics and practices essential for organizational success. It requires a blend of technical knowledge, people skills, and strategicinsight to effectively manage and lead organizations in today's dynamic business environment. By staying abreast of trends and continuously developing their skills, managers can ensure that their organizations remain competitive and thrive in the future.。