中英文文献翻译-物流配送中心设施及设备

格式：doc
大小：67.00 KB
文档页数：18

下载文档原格式

物流管理中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)原文:The Research of Regional Logistics CompetitivenessAbstractAt present, the development of logistics is the logistics demand rapid increase, the expanding market capacity, accelerates the construction of logistics infrastructure, third-party logistics fast growth the tendency, the whole logistics industry is developing in the direction of the information, globalization and specialization. At the same time, with the rapid increase of logistics demand, the development of the regional logistics more rapidly. Regional logistics is an important part of regional economy, the existence and development of regional logistics is the premise of existence and development of regional economy, no regional economy there would be no regional logistics. Regional logistics and regional economic development level, is closely related to the scale and the level of the different regional economic shape, size and industry, determines the level of regional logistics, the scale and structure form. Regional economic integration can make the area and regional logistics incline to reasonable, adapt to reasonable layout of industrial structure, to reduce logistics cost, promote the development of regional logistics. On the other hand, the regionaleconomic development is inseparable from the development of regional logistics and regional logistics to provide support and guarantee for the development of regional economy, the development of the regional logistics will drive and promote the further development of regional economy. Therefore, the development of the regional logistics has become to improve the regional investment environment and industry development environment, expanding the scope of the regional influence, the key to enhancing regional competitiveness.Keywords: Regional logistics; Regional logistics competitiveness; Evaluation index 1 IntroductionThe rapid development of world economy and the progress of modern science and technology, the logistics industry as an emerging service industry, is developing rapidly in the global scope. Internationally, logistics industry is considered to be the economic development of the artery and basic industry, its development degree become to measure a country's modernization degree and comprehensive national strength, one of the important marks is known as the "third profit source" of the enterprise, its role is more and more big, became the current after the IT industry, financial industry's hottest emerging industry a new growth point of national economy, and caused widespread social attention. Regional logistics is an important component of regional economy, is the important force in the formation and development of regional economy, it is to improve the efficiency and economic benefit in the field of regional circulation, improve the competitive ability of regional market, etc., plays a positive role in active. Behind the rapid development of modern logistics, however, there are still many problems; including logistics competitiveness level is lower than the level of logistics development is particularly prominent. Choosing logistics competitiveness development level evaluation index, since there is no uniform standard, can only use freight or freight turnover scale to measure logistics. Implementation of goods transport is the process of logistics spatial displacement at the center of the link, with the two indicators to measure logistics scale has certain scientific, but it can't reflect the outline of the regional logistics. Estimates of logistics demand, typically based on GDP and total retail sales of social consumer goods such as index of national economic accounting. This is just a simple measure of the macro level, the proportion of different researchers use different, ranging from teens to twenty percent, there are large difference between the results and gives theoreticalanalysis greater difficulties. At the same time, the logistics industry's economic statistical data shortage, there is no comprehensive logistics demand statistics, which made us qualitative understanding of the level of understanding of logistics.2 Literature reviewAbout the Core Competence theory, Core Competence (Core Competence) of the original intention is the Core skills or Core skills, this concept is in 1990 by the American strategic management experts made (C.K.P rahalad) and Britain's strategic management experts hamer (c. amel), refers to the enterprise organization of accumulating knowledge, especially about how to coordinate different production skills and integrate a variety of technical knowledge, and on the basis of advantage over other competitors unique ability, namely Core Competence is built on the basis of enterprise Core resources, is the enterprise intelligence, technology, products, management, culture and other elements in the reflection of comprehensive advantage in the market. At present there are three typical academic argument: the ability theory represented by Rossby and Christie's school; School represented by porter's theory of market structure; Represented by Werner Phil and Penrose's theory of resource school. Core competitiveness is value, the ability to integrated, uniqueness, extensibility and inherent characteristics.Related theory, the study of regional logistics, the logistics research of Europe and the United States, Japan and other developed countries, focus on the enterprise level, is committed to providing enterprise optimization strategy. And regional logistics system and competitiveness research, involved. According to literature review, the regional international logistics field of research mainly includes the following aspects: (1) from the perspective of multinational company research the global logistics resources configuration and coordination problems. Specific include logistics infrastructure, market competition mechanism and the problem of logistics supply chain operation. Such research quantification technology such as using the operational research tools, more for the global network of supply chain facility location positioning, and coordinate the factory more support, strategic distribution system design problem. This is an extension of the logistics enterprise level optimization study, the commonly used methods include mathematical analytical method, system simulation method and heuristic methods, etc. If only one method and graphical method solving the problem of the layout of the site; Mixed integer programming solve the problem of siteselection of logistics center and logistics planning, etc.(2) from the perspective of urban economy and the environment, the research of urban traffic network Settings. For example Tanjguchietal from the city level, using a dynamic traffic simulation model, quantitative research economic growth, the transport demand, as well as the related road congestion and environmental pollution.(3) from the point of view of the city government, study its role in macro logistics development and utility. For example MeirJ. R and Senblatt, studied the global supply chain management in infrastructure financing, transportation and regional trading rules, corporate tax law of the government subsidies, and other effects of the main factors of global production and distribution network, etc.3 Introduction to the theory of regional logistics related3.1 The definition of regional logisticsAcademic definition of regional logistics has not yet unified, a more accepted view is that regional logistics is the geographical environment in a certain area, with large and medium-sized cities as the center, based on the regional scale and scope economy, combined with effective logistics service scope, area inside and outside of all kinds of goods from the supplier to accept to effective entity flow; Is the transport, storage, loading and unloading, handling, distribution, packaging, circulation processing, information processing, such as integrated logistics activities, to service in the composite system of regional economic development. It requires the integration, the integration of logistics management, namely to meet user needs for the purpose, to the goods, services and related information from the supplier to accept to the efficient flow of planning, execution, and control activities, is the organic unity of cash-flow, information flow and cash flow.3.2 Relationship of regional logistics subject, object and carrierRegional logistics has the characteristics of multi-level and multi-dimensional structure, its basic elements include logistics main body, object and logistics carrier, and the structure of the basic elements and their complete system, each element show different features, thus forming the function of the regional logistics. Regional logistics main body is directly involved in or specialized is engaged in the economic organization of regional logistics activity, including the owner of the goodsFlow, the third party logistics enterprise, storage and transportation enterprise, etc. Logistics is the supply chain logistics channels, the starting point and end point ofconnection in the whole course of the regional logistics activity plays a dominant and decisive role. Elements of the integrated logistics subject is the essential characteristic of modern logistics. Therefore, the elements of logistics as one of the main body, logistics has a decisive role in the development of logistics industry. Similar accumulation and regional economy industry, regional logistics also emphasizes the logistics main body accumulation, logistics main body in space is beneficial to promote the logistics activities of large-scale, intensive, body development, it is also a regional logistics park, logistics center, the objective basis of the formation of distribution centers, and regional logistics park, logistics center and distribution center determines the spatial structure of the regional logistics system.3.3 Regional logistics and regional economic relationsRegional logistics is an important part of regional economy, the existence and development of regional logistics is the premise of existence and development of regional economy, no regional economy there would be no regional logistics. Regional logistics and regional economic development level, is closely related to the scale and the level of the different regional economic shape, size and industry, determines the level of regional logistics, the scale and structure form. Logistics is always accompanied by business flow, the more advanced the regional economy, manufacturing and trading more active, the logistics industry as a service industry will have a good customer base and market infrastructure, the greater the chance of large-scale development. On the other hand, the regional economic development is inseparable from the development of regional logistics and regional logistics to provide support and guarantee for the development of regional economy, the development of the regional logistics will drive and promote the further development of regional economy. Thus, regional logistics and regional economy is the unity of interdependence. Regional economy is the premise and foundation of regional logistics development, is the dominant force in the regional logistics development; Regional logistics is an important part of regional economy, is the regional economic support system, and serve the regional economy. Regional logistics development goal and strategy must obey and serve the regional economic development goals and strategies.4 Regional logistics competitivenessRegional logistics competitiveness refers to a certain space range (generaladministrative area as the border, across regions), the logistics industry are different from other areas of the assignment of resources was made in the advantage, the logistics enterprises, government policy support and industrial innovation ability, eventually embodied through regional internal benign competition will be more than all kinds of resources, the ability to effectively integrate to form a complementary and integrated ability system, reflect the regional comparison of competitive power in the logistics activity, reflect the size of the regional logistics service ability and the logistics industry development level of high and low. The competitiveness of the regional logistics is mainly composed of six basic elements constitute: social and economic development level, scale of logistics demand and supply condition of logistics, the logistics development of logistics industry in the enterprise information development level, development level, the macro environment.4.1 The social and economic development levelComprehensive social and economic development level reflects the regional logistics competitiveness level of social economic basis, is the guarantee of development of regional logistics competitiveness, to provide support for the sustainable development of regional logistics, from the other side also reflects the competitiveness of regional logistics development potential and power.4.2 The logistics demand scaleLogistics demand scale is mainly refers to the logistics services in the field such as production, consumption and circulation quantity and scale, to some extent, restricted by local resource conditions, it reflects a region, the demand for logistics service level and size: the size of the logistics demand, determines the size of the logistics market capacity, is the premise of existence and development of regional logistics industry and the foundation.4.3 Logistics supply conditionThe supply condition of logistics refers to the logistics infrastructure provided for the development of the logistics industry, all kinds of logistics technology and equipment, is engaged in the logistics services enterprises and the corresponding professionals such as the number and size of traffic capacity and regional situation, the comprehensive reflection of regional logistics supply capacity and service level, reflects the effect on the development of the logistics industry to promote and satisfaction, is the main factor of the formation and development of regional logisticscompetition.4.4 Logistics enterprise development levelLogistics enterprise comprehensive development level reflects the regional logistics main body's ability to provide logistics services and meet customer demand, embodies the subject of logistics operation level, mainly including the enterprise competition ability, profit ability and performance level, reflect a certain period of logistics enterprises in the area of the overall level of development, is the key factor for the formation of regional logistics competitiveness.4.5 Information development levelMainly refers to the regional information development level of information degree and the level of information technology. Logistics is based on information flow, logistics has become more and more rely on the whole process of access to information. Many logistics enterprises have established their own information management system as a crucial to the development of its core competitiveness, the development level of information is the one important factor for the formation of regional logistics competitiveness level.4.6 Logistics macro environmentMacro environment refers to the logistics industry development of logistics industry development planning, land use policy, tax policy, market access policy, talent training, such as the soft environment, affecting the development of logistics industry reflects the external environment for the development of the logistics industry to provide favorable conditions and the environment support.译文:区域物流竞争力研究摘要当前，物流的发展正呈现出物流需求快速上升、市场容量不断扩大、物流基础设施建设加速、第三方物流快速成长的趋势，整个物流产业正朝着信息化、全球化和专业化的方向发展。

电子商务物流配送外文文献译文及原文

电子商务物流配送外文文献译文及原文Increased competitiveness in all industrial sectors sharpened by globalization and fall of global supply is forcing companies towards optimization of their business processes and new ways of mergers or partnerships with direct results in decreased business costs. With these strategic alliances new management strategies are formed as Clusters, Supply Chain Management (SCM), E-logistics, etc. Some authors are making references that logistic are “worth” 10% to 12% of GDP (Sahay, 2003). According to AMR research (Challenger, 2001), E-logistics has apotential of lowering costs by 10 %. On basics of these two references we can conclude that E-logistics can save our money for as much as 1.2% of GDP. Therefore it is not surprised that in last few years in high effective companies as Hewlett-Packard, Compaq, Digital Equipment Corporation, Xerox, Dell and Benetton Group top management is favorable to Supply Chain and therefore E-logistics (Romano, 2003).There is collection of literature indicating the importance ofclusters and networks not only between firms, but along the value chain and across industries. The networks inherent in these clusters are integral for knowledge generation and diffusion, for technology transfer, for sharing risk and costs, for allowing firms to access new markets and opportunities and, finally, for building comparative advantage in the global market.Porter (Porter, 1990) defines clusters as geographic concentrations of interconnected companies, specialized suppliers, service providers, firms in related industries, and associated institutions. He proposed a model that provides conditions that have to be met for a firm to be internationally competitive and successful. This model focuses on four primary conditions which he arranged in a diamond-shaped diagram: factor conditions, demand conditions, structures of firms and rivalry and related and supporting industries. The "Related and Supporting Industries" feature of the diamond denotes the importance of clustering in developing international competitive advantage incorporating two features of a healthy cluster: the presence of vertical support through internationally competitive supplier industries which ensure cost-effective and speedy deliveries; and the presence of horizontal support in internationally competitive related industries to co-ordinate and share activities with and to stimulate local competition.In the article informatization of STLC will be presented through the project Modeling, Analyzing and Renovation, Standardization and Informatization of business processes of the Slovenian Transport Logistics Cluster which is performed by Business Informatics Institutein Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. With informatization have logistic compani es’ not just better connectivity with their customers and suppliers but also better performance andfaster responds. To achieve appropriate level of informatization STLC must invest in modern information technologies. One of possiblesolutions is use of internet with his costless policy and in last years high security as the most appropriate communication channel.For all logistic companies it is assumed to control global logistic chain of their customers and therefore are dependent on successful implementation of informatization technologies which leads to decrease of inventory costs, better customer retention, asset management, etc.增加对全球化和全球供应下降削尖所有工业部门的竞争力，迫使他们对优化业务流程和兼并或在降低经营成本的直接成果的伙伴关系的新途径公司。

物流规划中英文对照外文翻译文献

物流规划中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)设施规划引言设施规划在过去的十年间已经被赋予了全新的意义。

在过去，设施规划一般被认为是一门科学。

而在当今竞争激烈的全球市场，设施规划成为了一种策略。

政府、教育机构和企业已经不再单独相互竞争，现在这些实体或企业将彼此联合为合作企业、组织协会，并最终合成为供应链，将客户纳入到整个供应链过程以保持竞争力。

这些年来设施规划问题一直是一个热门话题。

尽管它已拥有很悠久的历史，但在目前的出版物、会议以及研究中，设施规划仍是最受欢迎的科目之一。

设施规划的处理已经从清单式或者菜单式的方法发展到了高度复杂的数学建模。

在本文中，我们使用了一个实用的设施规划方法，其利用了实证以及同时包含传统和现代概念的分析方法。

值得提及的是，在本文中拥有很广泛的设施规划应用示例。

例如，这本书的内容可以适用于一个新医院,一个装配部门,一个已有的仓库,或者一个机场的行李部的规划。

无论问题是发生在医院、生产工厂、配送中心、机场、零售商店、学校、银行、还是办公室或者这些设施的任何部分；无论是在一个发达国家的现代化设施还是在一个发展中国家的过时设施中，本文给出的材料在进行规划时都非常有用。

重要的是要认识到现代设施规划中将设施当作是一个动态的实体，一个成功的设施规划方案的关键因素是其适应性以及适合全新应用的能力。

设施规划的定义当今的设施规划必须能够帮助组织实现供应链的优越性。

实现供应链的优越性是一个有六个步骤、或者说六个等级的过程。

一如既往，这些步骤与优越性、可见性、协同性、综合性、敏捷性等联系在一起。

当一家公司最大化供应链的各个功能（采购-制造-运输-储存-销售），个体部门（如金融、市场营销、销售、采购、信息技术、研发、生产、分配和人力资源等部门）的目标就是要成为公司最好的部门。

组织的有效性不是重点，每个组织内的元素都需要试图在其个体范围内表现良好。

只有在每个人的环节都实现卓越的绩效之后，他或者她才能开始追求整个供应链的卓越。

物流专用术语中英文翻译

物流基本概念术语1．物品article2．物流logistics3．物流活动logistics activity 4．物流作业logistics operation 5．物流模数logistics modulus 6．物流技术logistics technology 7．物流成本logistics cost8．物流管理logistics management 9．物流中心logistics center10．11．12．13．14．15．16．17．18．19．20．物流网络物流信息物流企业物流单证物流联盟供应物流生产物流销售物流回收物流logistics networklogistics informationlogistics enterpriselogistics documentslogistics alliancesupply logisticsproduction logisticsdistribution logisticsreturned logistics物流专用术语21．22．23．24．25．废弃物物流waste material logistics 绿色物流企业物流社会物流军事物流国际物流environmental logisticsinternal logisticsexternal logisticsmilitary logisticsinternational logistics26．27．28．29．30．31．32．33．第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL) 定制物流customized logistics 虚拟物流virtual logistics 增值物流服务value-added logistics service 供应链supply chain 条码bar code 电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI) 有形消耗tangible loss 无形消耗intangible loss物流作业术语1．运输transportation2．联合运输combined transport 3．直达运输through transport 4．中转运输transfer transport5．6．7．8．9．10．11．12．13．14．15．16．17．18．19．20．21．22．23．24．25．26．27．甩挂运输drop and pull transport 集装运输containerized transport 集装箱运输container transport 门到门door-to-door 整箱货full container load (FCL) 拼箱货less than container load (LCL 储存storing 保管storage 物品储存article reserves 库存inventory 经常库存cycle stock 安全库存safety stick 库存周期inventory cycle time 前置期(或提前期) lead time 订货处理周期order cycle time 货垛堆码搬运装卸goods stack stackinghanding/carryingloading and unloading28．29．30．单元装卸unit loading and unloading 包装package/packaging 销售包装定牌包装中性包装运输包装托盘包装sales package packing ofnominated brand neutralpacking transport packagepalletizing31．32．33．34．35．36．37．38．39．40．41．42．43．集装化containerization 散装化containerization 直接换装cross docking 配送distribution 共同配送joint distribution 配送中心distribution center 分拣拣选集货组配sorting orderpicking goodscollectionassembly流通加工distribution processing 冷链cold chain 检验inspection物流技术装备及设施术语1．仓库warehouse2．库房storehouse自动化仓库 automatic warehouse 4 ．立体仓库 stereoscopicwarehouse 虚拟仓库保税仓库出口监管仓库 export supervisedwarehouse 海关监管货物 cargo under customer ' s supervision 冷藏区 chill space 冷冻区 freeze space 控湿储存区 humiditycontrolled space 温度可控区 temperature controlled space 收货区 receiving space 发货区 shipping space 料棚货场货架托盘叉车输送机 conveyor 自动导引车 automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 箱式车集装箱换算箱 twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU) 特种货物集装箱 specific cargo container 全集装箱船 full container ship 铁路集装箱场railway container yard 公路集装箱中转站 inland container depot集装箱货运站 container freight station (CFS) 集装箱码头 container terminal 国际铁路联运 international through railway transport 国际多式联运 international multimodal transport 大陆桥运输 land bridge transport 班轮运输 liner transport 租船运输shipping by chartering 船务代理 shipping agency 国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent 理货 tally 国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance 报关 customsdeclaration 报关行 customs broker 进出口商品检验 commodityinspection 奖罚物流管理术语1．物流战略 logistics strategy 3． 4． 5．6．7．8．9． 10．11．12．13． 14． 15． 16． 17． 18． 19．20．21．22． 23． 24． 25． 26．27． 28． 29． 30． 31． 32． 33． 34．35． 36．37． 38．39．40．41．42．virtual warehouse boned warehouse goods shedgoods yardgoods shelf pallet fork lift truck box car container2． 3． 4． 5． 6． 7． 8．9． 10． 11． 12． 13． 14．物流战略管理 logistics strategy management 仓库管理 warehouse management 仓库布局warehouse layout 库存控制 inventory control经济订货批量定量订货方式定期订货方式 ABC 分类管理电子订货系统economic order quantity (EOQ) fixed-quantity system (FQS) fixed-quantity system (FIS) ABC classificationElectronic order system (EOS) 15． 16． 17．18． 19． 20．21． 22． 23． 24．准时制 just in time (JIT) 准时制物流 just-in-time logistics 零库存技术 zero-inventory logistics 物流成本管理物料需要计划制造资源计划配送需要计划配送资源计划物流资源计划企业资源计划 logistics cost control material requirements planning (MRP) manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) distribution requirements planning (DRP) distribution resource planning (DRP II) logistics resource planning (LRP) enterprise resource planning (ERP) 25． 26． 27．供应链管理 supply chain management (SCM) 快速反映 Quick response (QR) 有效客户反映 efficient customer response(ECR) 连续库存补充计划 continuous replenishment program (CRP) 计算机付诸订货系统 computer assisted ordering (CAO) 供应商管理库存 vendor managed inventory (VMI) 业务外包 outsourcing 度量单位汇总克 Gram g. 公斤公担公吨 Kilogram Kg. Quintal q. Metric ton m.t. 长吨短吨英担美担 Long ton l.t. Short ton Sh.t. Hundredweight Cwt. Hundredweight cwt. 磅 Pound lb. 两(常衡) Ounce oz. 两(金衡) Ounce oz.t 司马担 Picul 米 Metre m. 公里 Kilometre Km. 厘米Centimetre cm.毫米 Milimerte mm.码 Yard Yd. 英尺 Foot Ft. 英寸 Inch In. 平方米 Squaremetre Sq.m. 平方英尺 Square foot Sq.ft. 平方码Square yard Sq.yd. 立方米 Cubic metre Cu.m. 立方英尺 Cubic foot Cu.ft.升 Litre l. 毫升 Millilitre Ml.加仑 Gallon Gal. 蒲式耳 Bushel Bu. 克拉 Carat Car.马力 Horse Power h.p. 千瓦 Kilowatt Kw.Dozen 打 gross 罗( 12 打) drum 桶 In bulk 散装 lot 批 package 件件 Ream 令专有名词汇总export credit export subsidy dumping exchange dumpingspecial preferences bonded warehouse favorablebalance of trade unfavorable balance of trade importquotas free trade zone value of foreign trade value ofinternational trade generalized system of preferences-GSP公吨度 Metric ton unit m.t.u. 表 6 Bag Box coil ：常见英文单位袋 bale 包 bottle 瓶箱 carton/ctn 纸盒箱 Case(c/s) 箱、合、套圈 Container 集装箱 Crate 板条箱pallet 托盘 Pieces/pcs roll卷 set 套、台、坐 strand 股 unit 辆、台、 Sheet 张、件单位 Vial 药瓶出口信贷出口津贴商品倾销外汇倾销优惠关税保税仓库贸易顺差贸易逆差进口配额制自由贸易区对外贸易值国际贸易值普遍优惠制最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 价格术语trade term （price term）运费freight 单价price 码头费wharfage 总值total value 卸货费landing charges 金额amount 关税customs duty 净价net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues 回佣return commission . 装运港port of shipment 折扣discount, allowance 卸货港批发价目的港零售价进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证export licence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price 国际市场价格world （International）Market price 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight 交货delivery 轮船steamship（缩写S.S）装运、装船shipment 租船charter （the chartered ship）交货时间time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船time charter 托运人（一般指出口商）shipper , consignor 收货人consignee 班轮regular shipping liner 驳船lighter 舱位shipping space 油轮tanker 报关clearance of goodsport of dischargewholesale priceport of destinationretail price陆运收据 cargo receipt 提货 to take delivery of goods 空运提单 airway bill 正本提单 original B\\L 选择港（任意港） optional port 选港费 optional charges 选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers 'account 一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment 一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st. 或 shipment on or before Jan.31st. 一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb. 或 Jan./Feb. shipment 在（时间）分两批装船 shipment during ............................................... in two lots在..... （时间）平均分两批装船 shipment during ... in two equal lots分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments 分三个月，立即装运 immediate shipments 即期装运 promptshipments 收到信用证后 30 天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C 允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable 订单 indent 订货；订购 book; booking 电复 cable reply 实盘递盘 bid; bidding 递实盘 bid firm 还盘 counter offer 发盘（发价） offer 发实盘 offer firm 询盘（询价） inquiry;enquiry 指示性价格 price indication 速复 reply immediately 参考价 reference price 习惯做法交易磋商不受约束业务洽谈限** 复 subject to replysubject to reply reaching here ** time of validity purchase contract sales contract购货确认书 purchase confirmation每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipmentsfirm offerusual practicebusiness negotiationwithout engagementbusiness discussion**限* * 复到有效期限购货合同销售合同销售确认书 sales confirmation 一般交易条件 general terms and conditions 以未售出为准 subject to prior sale 需经卖方确认 subject to seller ' s confirmation需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation INT （拍卖 auction ）寄售 consignment 招标 invitation of tender 投标 submission of tender 一般代理人 agent 总代理人代理协议累计佣金补偿贸易 trade（又叫：往返贸易） counter trade 来料加工 processing on giving materials 来料装配assembling on provided parts 独家经营 / 专营权 exclusive right 独家经营 /包销/代理协议 exclusivity agreement 独家代理 sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency; exclusive agent 轮船 steamship （缩写 S.S ）装运、装船 shipment 租船 charter （ the chartered shep ）交货时间定程租船装运期限定期租船托运人（一般指出口商） shipper,consignor 收货人 consignee regular shipping liner lighter shipping space tanker clearance of goods陆运收据 cargo receipt 提货 to take delivery of goods 空运提单 airway bill 正本提单original B\L 选择港（任意港） optional port 选港费 optional charges 选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或 optional charges for Buyers' accountgeneral agent agency agreement accumulative commissioncompensation trade （或抵偿贸易） compensating/compensatorytime of deliveryvoyage charter;time of shipmenttime charter班轮驳船舱位油轮报关一月份装船shipment during January 或January shipment 一月底装船shipment not later than Jan.31st. 或shipment on or before Jan.31st. 一/二月份装船shipment during Jan./Feb. 或Jan./Feb. shipment 在（时间）分两批装船Shipment during....in two lots在…（时间）平均分两批装船召shi pment dur in g....i n two equal lots分三个月装运in three monthly shipments 分三个月，每月平均装运in three equal monthly shipments 立即装运immediate shipments 即期装运prompt shipments 收到信用证后30天内装运shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C 允许分批装船partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable 运费freight 单价price 码头费wharfage 总值total value 卸货费landing charges 金额amount 关税customs duty 净价net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税portdues 回佣return commission 装运港portof shipment 折扣discount,allowance 卸货港批发价目的港零售价进口许口证inportlicence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证exportlicence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price 国际市场价格world （International）Marketprice 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight［此文档可自行编辑修改，如有侵权请告知删除，感谢您的支持，我们会努力把内容做得更好］port of dischargewholesale priceportof destinationretail price。

物流配送系统规划设计外文文献翻译2014年译文3450字

文献出处: Tomas R. The planning and design of the logistics distribution system [J] The Journal of International Logistics, 2014, 15(6): 35-59原文The planning and design of the logistics distribution systemTomas RAbstractAt present, the development of world economy is trend to be globalization and regional integration. Especially under the push of information technology, logistics industry will become more competitive, how they are at a high level of customer service, lower logistics cost and create more value-added services, as well as what operation mode under the new form, is a very urgent and realistic problem. Set logistics, information technology and capital into one of the modern logistics distribution center, logistics distribution system in the increasingly fierce competition plays an important role. Practice proves that the logistics distribution system of goods transportation, storage, loading and unloading, handling, circulation processing, distribution, order processing and information processing work of unified management, can greatly reduce the work intensity of labor, reduce loss, improve inventory turnover, reasonable control inventory, accelerate the circulation of commodities, reduce the circulation cost, improve the satisfaction of social needs, give consumers more choice, to a virtuous cycle logistics system, so as to reduce costs for the enterprise, the enterprise can improve its core competitiveness.Key words: Logistics system; Distribution center; Planning and design; Operationsmanagement1 Introduction1.1 The basic concept of distributionDistribution is according to the customer order and time plan, the logistics node (warehouses, shops, cargo terminal, logistics center, etc.) after operation, sorting, processing, distribution, as well as to match a good process of the goods to the consignee. Distribution is a kind of special and comprehensive logistics activity form, is combined closely with the business flow and logistics. Distribution includes almost all of the logistics function elements, is an epitome of logistics or in a small range all logistics activities to complete the purpose of the goods delivered, Special delivery to carry on the processing activities. Its targets is safe, accurate and high quality services and lower distribution costs.1.2 Formation and developmentDistribution, so must be mentioned from the connotation and characteristics. Issued at the end of 1985, the Japanese Japanese industrial standard (JIS) logistics term "lieutenant general distribution is defined as:" send consignee goods from logistics point ".Rules in April 1998, wised university professor Dry Repair in his book "the logistics of ABC guide to distribution are discussed in detail:" from the point of origin to the consumer, between all into products, semi-finished products, hair goods and inventory are to be carried out in a planned way, unified management and implementation. Distribution is the cheapest and the best service delivery way, to the most effective professional raw materials, product arrived, the procurement,transportation, warehouse functions organically combined together."1.3 The natureAccording to the customer request, the goods in a timely manner to the customer, to reach the company the possession and control of the market. Distribution is a "match" and "send" in the form of organic combination. “Match" is assigned user, with time, with goods, vehicles and routes. “Send", refers to the delivery transport. Distribution is an advanced form of modern logistics. It not only brings to the suppliers and demanders reduce logistics cost and enjoy the excellent service directly benefit, but also will save social carrier time, ease traffic pressure, reduce the transportation pollution, protect the ecological environment, etc.2 The basic model of distribution system and functionSo-called distribution system, is composed of multiple mutually distinguishes interconnected units, materials for working object, to the flow of finished material entity for the purpose of organic combination. Distribution system as well as general system, input, transformation, output and feedback four big functions, through the input and output system and social environment to carry on the exchange, make system and environmental dependency and deposit, and the conversion is the system with the characteristics of the system function.2.1 Communication and cohesion functionDistribution service provides the bridge between the circulation and production. The organic link between supply and demand together, communicate information, exchange goods, we have to establish a stable base for sourcing and distribution.2.2 concentration, suction functionRely on the distribution center of sensitive and huge information network and powerful "regulator", "pump" the strength of the non-stop from material widely, suction source and centralization reserves, as the strength distribution.2.3 Coordinate and balance functionAccording to the market demand status and situation of prophase stimulation, to dynamic balance into the supply of goods, optimizing the allocation of resources, distribution scheme is determined, in preparation for the points to deliver goods, distribution.2.4 Distribution function of goodsThis is an important business activity distribution center. Varieties of according to customer's order, order time and delivery time requirements, sort sorting distribution, combining with the urban transportation regulations, distribution plan, make the most of the means of transport.2.5 loading and delivery capabilitiesRelying on powerful carrying capacity to "center", will have good quantity, quality, on time delivery of goods households' hands.3 The logistics distribution system planning and design3.1 PrincipleDistribution operation is using delivery vehicles of the user to place an order for goods from the manufacturer, production base, wholesalers, distributors or distribution center, into the hands of the user's work. Vehicle distribution service isdirectly in front of the service users, service quality had a greater influence on the efficiency and credibility of the enterprise. Therefore, in the logistics distribution system planning and design should pay attention to the following principles: Low speed. The so-called timeliness is to be delivered within a specified time. Low reliability. In good shape to have the goods sent to the hands of the user. Low service attitude. Delivery personnel is on behalf of the company's image in the interaction with the user. So we must treat the users with the best service, so as to maintain the company's image and credibility. When convenience. Convenient for users, be sure to delivery according to the requirements of customers. If for emergency delivery should try our best to meet the requirements. Low efficiency. Meet user requirements, not only the quality is better, and the price is reasonable. Through careful operation, reduce cost, cheap to users, allows users to feel real benefit.3.2 Overall planning and designThe real distribution management is very difficult. Distribution management influenced by many factors, such as order processing takes effort, to make the plan of distribution, it is difficult to choose distribution path, delivery efficiency is low, it is difficult to on time delivery, delivery performance evaluation benchmark is unknown, the driver and the working time of uncertainty, fatigue and loss in the process of distribution and damage to the goods, transport vehicles and the refrigerator refrigerator car in good condition, etc. So we must strengthen the planning and design of logistics distribution system. In the process of actual distribution at the same time, also is affected by many uncontrolled factors, such as the distribution of user area,road traffic network, traffic restrictions, delivery time requirements, traffic, vehicle, road construction, the user changes changes, etc. So we must set up a team of planning and design, overall planning and design of logistics distribution system.3.3 The specific planning and designLogistics distribution system planning and design is based on the change of external environment, selecting the best distribution route, combined with the change of internal environment configuration is suitable for vehicle and improve unit cubed out, prevent crisscross transportation, as far as possible reducing distribution error rate, improve circulation and processing, sorting, inspection, packaging, and other functions, to make it in the best working state, and worked out their performance appraisal index, etc. In this paper, we study the logistics distribution system consists of seven subsystems: information collection and processing, distribution plan, choice of distribution, distribution vehicle path planning, distribution, performance analysis, choice of distribution mode, distribution process design.4 Distribution process designDistribution is a comprehensive and integrated logistics. Distribution contains rich content. Look from the link, both contain the transport of goods, as well as harmony goods collection, storage, cargo, picking, fittings and other activities. Some goods distribution activities (e.g., production and distribution), and often accompanied by processing (such as log cutting saw, shear, glass steel suit cut, coal mixed assembly, components, etc.).How to make these activities optimization, efficient and coordinated operation, is our shipping process to consider the content of the planningand design.4.1 The order processing workDistribution began in customer's inquiry, business offer, then receiving orders, business ability to query the inventory status, loading and unloading cargo delivery day, packaging, circulation processing load capacity, load distribution, etc., design to meet customer needs and distribution operations. When business is constrained to delivery according to customer's request, the need to coordinate the business department. Because enterprise is not with the cargo receipt, at the time of order processing, need to check company to the customer credit evaluation. In addition also need to statistics the time the order quantity, shipment to arrange the delivery, distribution, application and quantity. Returns the data processing are also treated in this stage. Other business needs quotation calculation method, formulate customer order minimum quantity, order or order checkout deadline. The economic order batch purchase order or release bill of lading is put forward. On the stock inventory with purchase orders issued after the rush.4.2 Inventory management operationsInventory management assignments include lots of management and inventory control. Store block management including commodity put way in the area of the warehouse, and the size of the area, such as regional distribution planning; The process of making the goods in and out of the way of the warehouse (first in first out and last in first out); Goods required for handling tools, handling way; Storage area of position adjustment and change. Inventory control must be in accordance with thetime needed for goods delivery, warehousing and so on to make a purchase quantity and purchase time, and do purchase time warning system. Setting inventory count method, is responsible for the inventory checking list to print on a regular basis, and according to the content of the inventory listing inventory revised inventory accounts, inventory and produce inventory surplus, dish deficient statements. With lots of management include packaging containers and packaging container takes care of the maintenance.4.3 Replenishment and the homeworkIn order to satisfy the customer different types, different specifications and different number of goods demand, the enterprise must effectively sporting goods, shipment and plans. Statistical customer order can know goods real demand. In the delivery date, when the inventory to meet demand for delivery, can print out the stock picking orders according to the quantity demanded and the picking instructions, picking the regional planning layout, tool selection and staff seconded. Shipment cherry-pick only including cherry-pick homework, also be picked off store shelves, helps the picking out of stock, this includes the replenishment quantity and replenishment time formulation, replenishment job scheduling, replenishment operation staff seconded.4.4 Shipment job processingAfter finish goods cherry-pick and circulation processing operations, can delivery of goods. Shipping operation, including print shipping documents according to customer orders for customers, make shipment scheduling, printing batch deliveryreport, needed to address label on the shipment of goods and delivery checklist. By scheduling personnel decided to focus mode, choose goods set tools, seconded set the operation personnel, and decided to transport vehicle size and number. The warehouse management personnel or managers decided to shipment delivery area planning layout and the mode of delivery of goods.4.5 Distribution operationsActual distribution assignments include goods loading and distribution, complete these assignments require prior planning and distribution Area, arrange delivery routes, determined by the order of distribution routes to choose goods loading order, and in Commodity distribution on the way to track goods, control and deal with the distribution surprises on the way.译文物流配送系统的规划和设计作者：托马斯摘要当前，世界经济的发展呈全球化以及区域一体化趋势。

物流配送英文文献及翻译

物流配送中英文对照英文文献及翻译1. INTRODUCTIONLogistics is normally considered as nothing more than getting the right product to the right place at the right time for the least cost. Faced with a rapidly changing environment, revolutionary changes in technology, continued government deregulation, the shortening of product life cycle, proliferation of product lines and shifts in traditional manufacturer-retailer relationships, many organisations have had to rethink their traditional assumptions.Over the last ten years one of the most significant changes in management thinking was the emphasis on the search for strategies that will provide superior value in competition. Logistics management has the potential to assist the organisation in the achievement of both a cost/productivity advantage and a value advantage. The importance of logistics and its integration in the supply chain was argued by.China is a huge consumer market that accounted for a third of global economic growth over the past three years. Its development speed and potential cannot be ignored by the rest of the world. As a result of China’s internal and external economic attributes, most of the global consumer brands have established operations there. In particular in the automobileindustry, many of the leading global OEMs including Honda, T oyota, General Motors, Volkswagen and Ford have established joint-venture partnerships with local car manufacturers. Auto sales in China rose by 76% in the year to July 2003 and by 2011, China is expected to surpass Japan to become the world’s second largest auto market. In order to compete in the Chinese market share and satisfy increasing demand, these operations are continuously expanding their production volumes with astonishing speed. Such expansion is, however carried out in the context of a legacy environment.China spans a large geographical area with, in many parts, under-developed infrastructure. This presents a challenge to efficient deployment of logistics strategies. Furthermore, the involvement of third party logistics providers, favoured by most global OEMs, is an emergent consideration in China. Finally, the conflicts that inevitably arise in the joint venture partnerships lead to delays in the introduction of western logistics management experiences and methods from the OEMs. All these factors increase the difficulties in managing logistics by China’s local auto makers.2. The overall development of foreign distribution Overview2.1 The United States of modern logistics developmentTwenty-first century from the 60s on wards, the rationalization ofdistribution of goods in general are valued in the United States to take the following measures: First, the warehouse will replace the old distribution center: The second is the management of the introduction of computer networks, on the loading and unloading, handling, custody, standardized operation, improve operating efficiency; Third, the common chain distribution centers set up to promote the growth of chain-effective. United States chain stores have a variety of distribution centers, mainly in the wholesale-based, retail and warehouse-type three types.2.2 Japan's modern logistics developmentOn logistics and distribution of wood with the following features: well-developed distribution channels, frequent, low-volume stock, logistics and distribution reflects the common and set the trend sticks, logistics and distribution cooperative, the Government planning in the development of modern logistics and distribution play an important role in the process of .2.3 European modern development of logisticsCountries in Europe, especially Germany, logistics refers to the user's orders in accordance with the requirements of positions in the logistics sub-goods distribution, the goods will be sent to the consignee with good activities. Germany's logistics industry formed of basic commodities from origin to distribution center, from the distribution center (and sometimes through more than one distribution center) arrive at the modern mode ofend customers. Traveled in Germany, it can be said of the logistics and distribution in Germany has been formed to final demand-oriented to the modernization of transport and high-tech information network as a bridge toa reasonable R69 distribution center hub to run a complete system.2.4 the main reasons of logistics industry developing faster in developed countriesRelying on high-tech to the core economies of scale to allow flexibility based on a variety of forms.3、China's 3PL enterprises are facing a major obstacle to business3.1 The current situation of China's 3PLChina's 3PL enterprises: service radius of a small, low entry barriers. With the gradual warming heat logistics, urban logistics industry is also increasingly unitary covered by the importance and development. However, due to historical reasons in our country, the long-standing emphasis on production of a light flow, heavy flow to light the idea of the logistics, distribution of development in the not yet ripe at this stage, there is the issue more prominent in the following two aspects: the service delivery difficult to play a central role, the process of distribution of the low level of modernization.China's 3PL companies with foreign 3PL companies mainly in the gapbetween the three aspects: First, procurement capacity, and the other is logistics, and the third is cash flow. Aspects of logistics and distribution, foreign retailers have done very well, has a set of efficient logistics information system, which can effectively improve the inventory turnover rate, so as to enhance the return on assets and profitability. And domestic retailers in this area has just started, or have not yet started.3.2 distribution center lower the overall distribution, commercial chain failed to give full play to the advantagesFrom our point of view the existing commercial retail enterprises, in addition to some large, well-known commercial enterprises, the general commercial "chain" businesses are not set up their own logistics and distribution centers or use third-party logistics center. Although these companies have also established some of his own "chain" stores, but in fact operating goods stores do not do "unified procurement, unified distribution, unified billing," which allows some commercial retail enterprises, "chain" seems to exist in name only. The other has been established in their own logistics and distribution centers or use third-party logistics distribution center of commodities in commercial enterprises, the effectiveness of distribution centers has not been effective, which in turn affected the procurement cost of an integrated chain advantages, including outstanding manifested by the distribution center for goods distribution ratio of unity isvery low. Uniform distribution logistics center can not be achieved, indicating the store's commercial enterprises "unified purchase" did not materialize, rather than a unified procurement chain has lost the core strengths.3.3 China's more enterprises are facing a major obstacle of the higher logistics costWal-Mart 8 5% of the commodities distribution through the distribution center, in which 80% is through the "zero inventory" of the more complete form of the distribution database. Wal-Mart as a result of the use of the "Cross distribution" and "auto-replenishment" of supply chain technology, so that goods turnover in the Treasury down to 2 days. And retail enterprises in China are in the 15-30 days, which reflects the retail , distribution enterprises, underdeveloped logistics system, distribution costs are too high. Rapid expansion of retail enterprises in China's size and speed in the short term if they can not form a qualitative edge is a dangerous speculation.Over the years the practice has proved that the multi-purpose logistics distribution center, intensive, low-cost supply hub, as well as the use of information technology to reorganize and upgrade the entire flow of the supply chain management is the core of large-scale retail enterprises strategy is to support the retail giant super-conventional development. The face of large-scale retail and distribution businesses of the main distribution center logistics requirements planning, focusing on how to reflect the integration of。

电子商务毕业外文文献(本科)

本科毕业论文外文文献及译文文献、资料题目：Distribution to users from alogistics base shipping method 文献、资料来源:网络文献、资料发表（出版)日期:2012。

7院（部）：商学院专业: 电子商务班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期：外文文献：Distribution to users from a logistics base shipping methodAbstract: Logistics is the company's 'third profit source'，while at the end of the logistics of distribution, logistics and economic efficiency has to improve, optimize，improve the logistics system，improve service, reduce costs and other functions in the logistics system to occupy an important position。

Keywords：Efficient Logistics And Distribution Trends Of The Importance Of Features Distribution of transport and other logistics activities，or constitute a combination of integrated logistics services activities。

Distribution of the 'distribution’ includes the requirements of the order by the user，sorting，picking, loading, storage, handling and other activities, one of the 'free' in the transport process is in the 'secondary transport’, ’Feeder' or 'transport terminal', starting and ending point of the logistics base to the user。

英语作文-现代快递服务行业的智能设备与物联网应用

英语作文-现代快递服务行业的智能设备与物联网应用In recent years, the rapid development of the modern express delivery service industry has been greatly facilitated by the application of intelligent devices and the Internet of Things (IoT). These technological advancements have revolutionized the way packages are tracked, sorted, and delivered, leading to significant improvements in efficiency and customer satisfaction.One of the key contributions of intelligent devices in the express delivery service industry is the introduction of smart sorting machines. These machines utilize advanced technologies such as computer vision, machine learning, and robotics to accurately identify and sort packages based on their destination. With the help of high-resolution cameras and image recognition algorithms, these machines can quickly scan and analyze the labels on packages, ensuring that each parcel is directed to the correct delivery route. This not only reduces the manual labor required for sorting, but also minimizes the chances of misplacement or misdelivery.Furthermore, the integration of IoT in the express delivery service industry has enabled real-time tracking and monitoring of packages throughout the entire delivery process. By equipping packages with IoT-enabled devices, such as GPS trackers or RFID tags, logistics companies can constantly monitor the location, temperature, and condition of each package. This allows them to provide accurate and up-to-date information to customers regarding the whereabouts of their parcels. Moreover, in the event of any unforeseen circumstances, such as delays or damages, the IoT devices can immediately notify both the logistics company and the customer, enabling swift resolution of any issues.In addition to enhancing efficiency and transparency, the use of intelligent devices and IoT in the express delivery service industry has also improved the overall security of package handling. For instance, many delivery companies have implemented facialrecognition systems to verify the identity of delivery personnel, ensuring that only authorized individuals have access to the packages. Moreover, IoT-enabled surveillance cameras and sensors are installed in sorting centers and delivery vehicles, constantly monitoring and recording any suspicious activities. This not only deters potential theft or tampering, but also provides valuable evidence in the event of any security breaches.Furthermore, the application of intelligent devices and IoT has also facilitated the integration of different stakeholders in the express delivery service industry. Through the use of online platforms and mobile applications, customers can easily place orders, track their packages, and provide feedback. Delivery personnel can receive real-time instructions and updates on their handheld devices, optimizing their routes and minimizing delivery time. Logistics companies can efficiently manage their operations, analyze data, and make informed decisions based on the insights provided by IoT devices. This seamless integration of various stakeholders has greatly improved the overall coordination and collaboration within the industry.In conclusion, the modern express delivery service industry has greatly benefited from the application of intelligent devices and IoT. From smart sorting machines to real-time tracking and monitoring systems, these technological advancements have significantly improved efficiency, transparency, security, and coordination within the industry. As the technology continues to evolve, we can expect further advancements in the express delivery service industry, ultimately leading to faster, more reliable, and more customer-centric services.。

物流配送外文文献及翻译

1、 INTRODUCTIONLogistics is normally considered as nothing more than getting the right product to theright place at the right time for the least cost、 Faced with a rapidly changing environment, revolutionary changes in technology, continued government deregulation, the shortening of product life cycle, proliferation of product lines and shifts in traditional manufacturer-retailer relationships, many organisations have had to rethink their traditional assumptions、Over the last ten years one of the most significant changes in management thinking wasthe emphasis on the search for strategies that will provide superior value in competition、Logistics management has the potential to assist the organisation in the achievement of botha cost/productivity advantage and a value advantage、 The importance of logistics and its integration in the supply chain was argued by、China is a huge consumer market that accounted for a third of global economic growthover the past three years、 Its development speed and potential cannot be ignored by the restof the world、 As a result of China’s internal and external economic attributes, most of the、 In particular in the automobileglobal consumer brands have established operations thereindustry, many of the leading global OEMs including Honda, Toyota, General Motors, Volkswagen and Ford have established joint-venture partnerships with local car manufacturers、 Auto sales in China rose by 76% in the year to July 2003 and by 2011,、 InChina is expected to surpass Japan to become the wor ld’s second largest auto marketorder to compete in the Chinese market share and satisfy increasing demand, these operations are continuously expanding their production volumes with astonishing speed、Such expansion is, however carried out in the context of a legacy environment、China spans a large geographical area with, in many parts, under-developed infrastructure、 This presents a challenge to efficient deployment of logistics strategies、Furthermore, the involvement of third party logistics providers, favoured by most globalOEMs, is an emergent consideration in China、 Finally, the conflicts that inevitably arise inthe joint venture partnerships lead to delays in the introduction of western logistics management e xperiences and methods from the OEMs、All these factors increase the、difficulties in managing logistics by China’s local auto makers2、 The overall development of foreign distribution Overview2、1 The United States of modern logistics developmentTwenty-first century from the 60s on wards, the rationalization of distribution of goodsin general are valued in the United States to take the following measures: First, the warehouse will replace the old distribution center: The second is the management of the introduction of computer networks, on the loading and unloading, handling, custody, standardized operation, improve operating efficiency; Third, the common chain distribution centers set up to promote the growth of chain-effective、 United States chain stores have a variety of distribution centers, mainly in the wholesale-based, r etail and warehouse-type three types、2、2 Japan's modern logistics developmentOn logistics and distribution of wood with the following features: well-developed distribution channels, frequent, low-volume stock, logistics and distribution reflects the common and set the trend sticks, logistics and distribution cooperative, the Government planning in the development of modern logistics and distribution play an important role inthe process of 、2、3 European modern development of logisticsCountries in Europe, especially Germany, logistics refers to the user's orders in accordance with the requirements of positions in the logistics sub-goods distribution, the goods will be sent to the consignee with good activities、Germany's logistics industry formed of basic commodities from origin to distribution center, from the distribution center (and sometimes through more than one distribution center) arrive at the modern mode of end customers、 Traveled in Germany, it can be said of the logistics and distribution in Germany has been formed to final demand-oriented to the modernization of transport and high-techinformation network as a bridge to a reasonable R69 distribution center hub to run a complete system、2、4 the main reasons of logistics industry developing faster in developed countriesRelying on high-tech to the core economies of scale to allow flexibility based on a variety of forms、3、China's 3PL enterprises are facing a major obstacle to business3、1 The current situation of China's 3PLChina's 3PL enterprises: service radius of a small, low entry barriers、 With the gradual warming heat logistics, urban logistics industry is also increasingly unitary covered by the importance and development、However, due to historical reasons in our country, the long-standing emphasis on production of a light flow, heavy flow to light the idea of the logistics, distribution of development in the not yet ripe at this stage, there is the issue more prominent in the following two aspects: the service delivery difficult to play a central role,the process of distribution of the low level of modernization、China's 3PL companies with foreign 3PL companies mainly in the gap between the three aspects: First, procurement capacity, and the other is logistics, and the third is cash flow、Aspects of logistics and distribution, foreign retailers have done very well, has a set of efficient logistics information system, which can effectively improve the inventory turnover rate, so as to enhance the return on assets and profitability、 And domestic retailers in this、area has just started, or have not yet started3、2 distribution center lower the overall distribution, commercial chain failed to give full play to the advantagesFrom our point of view the existing commercial retail enterprises, in addition to some large, well-known commercial enterprises, the general commercial "chain" businesses are not set up their own logistics and distribution centers or use third-party logistics center、Although these companies have also established some of his own "chain" stores, but in fact operating goods stores do not do "unified procurement, unified distribution, unified billing,"、 The which allows some commercial retail enterprises, "chain" seems to exist in name onlyother has been established in their own logistics and distribution centers or use third-party logistics distribution center of commodities in commercial enterprises, the effectiveness of distribution centers has not been effective, which in turn affected the procurement cost of an integrated chain advantages, including outstanding manifested by the distribution center for goods distribution ratio of unity is very low、 Uniform distribution logistics center can notbe achieved, indicating the store's commercial enterprises "unified purchase" did not、materialize, rather than a unified procurement chain has lost the core strengths3、3 China's more enterprises are facing a major obstacle of the higher logistics costWal-Mart 8 5% of the commodities distribution through the distribution center, in which 80% is through the "zero inventory" of the more complete form of the distribution database、Wal-Mart as a result of the use of the "Cross distribution" and "auto-replenishment" of supply chain technology, so that goods turnover in the Treasury down to 2 days、 And retail enterprises in China are in the 15-30 days, which reflects the retail , distribution enterprises, underdeveloped logistics system, distribution costs are too high、 Rapid expansion of retail enterprises in China's size and speed in the short term if they can not form a qualitative edge is a dangerous speculation、Over the years the practice has proved that the multi-purpose logistics distribution center, intensive, low-cost supply hub, as well as the use of information technology to reorganize and upgrade the entire flow of the supply chain management is the core of large-scale retail enterprises strategy is to support the retail giant super-conventional development、The face of large-scale retail and distribution businesses o f the main distribution center logistics requirements planning, focusing on how to reflect the integration of information flow in business flow, logistics, capital flow, so that the operation of retail enterprises to expand the logistics for the entire enterprise supply chain collaboration nodes and so that the whole positive and negative to minimize logistics cost of goods (including consumers, stores, logistics, distribution centers, headquarters, suppliers and partners), and a timely response t o sales demand and timely replenishment、This is also a large-scalecross-regional, multi-format, chain retail enterprises have the capacity of the core competitive advantage、3、4 Lack of modern logistics management knowledge and expertise of logistics personnel、This is the third-party logistics industry in restricting the development of China's most important one of the bottlenecks、Logistics knowledge, especially in modern integrated third party logistics knowledge is far from being universal, but that its main business areas is to provide transportation and warehousing services, not know that it is new to these traditional business integration of its business fields Far too simple to become connected with transport and storage of raw materials, semi-finished products supply, production process, material flow, the whole process of product distribution services, as cover flow, solid logistics, capital flow, information flow is equal to the integrated systemof systems、4 to enhance core competitiveness, the implementation of integrated management"integrated management" is the original English Integrated SupplyProcess, refers to the production enterprises, office, life of a non-core business areas of the operation and management of integration as a Overall, as a business-oriented t o manage outsourcing projects, by the special "integrated management" of the suppliers to provide full-service projects、"Integrated management" is not simply puts together the management of the business, but to improve management efficiency and reduce management costs as the core, combined with advanced information technology and network management features such as one organically integrated、Compared with the general outsourcing services, integrated management has the following characteristics:(1) It is not a business, but a complete outsourcing business from the operation of themanagement integration of outsourcing;(2) Outsourcing is not a core operation, but a comprehensive business management、Responsible for the entire business as a first-class suppliers, and its main task is to use its unique resources to conduct a comprehensive knowledge management, the operation of the specific is it managed by the secondary and tertiary suppliers to implement, so in themanagement of outsourcing functions based on the specific operation of the outsourcing; (3) In the case of the most important first-level suppliers, other than remuneration in thefixed service, its the only way to increase revenue for users to save costs as much as possible in order to share the proceeds of cost savings, rather than as general outsourcing as suppliers, mainly through an increase in turnover, that is, to increase spending to increase the user's own earnings、 "Double bottom" principle of cooperation between the two sides can make a stable and lasting、5 The third party logistics enterprise strategic choiceSummarized the latest of several foreign logistics theory and the development ofthird-party logistics with the current practice of foreign, third-party logistics firm's strategic choice to have the following three:(1)Lean Logistics StrategySince the lag theory and practice of logistics, our most extensive third-party logistics company or business, it can not accurately position their logistics services、 If you do not reverse this situation as soon as possible, will be third-party logistics industry in China have restricted role、 Lean production theory of logistics for our third-party logistics company provides a new development ideas for these enterprises to survive in the new economy and development opportunities、 Lean Logistics concept originated in lean manufacturing、 Itis produced from the Toyota Motor Corporation 70 years in the last century by the original "Toyota Production System", after research by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology professor and summary, was published in 1990 published "change the world of machines), a book、 Lean thinking is the use of various modern management methods and means, based on the needs of society to fully play the role of people as a fundamental and effective allocation and rational use of corporate resources to maximize economic benefits for enterprises to seek a new Management philosophy、 Lean Logistics Lean Thinking is the application in logistics management, logistics development must reflect、The so-called Lean Logistics means: the process by eliminating the production and supply of non-value added waste in order to reduce stocking time, improve customer satisfaction、 The aim ofLean Logistics according to customer needs, providing customers with logistics services, while pursuing the provision of logistics services in the process to minimize waste and delay, the process of increasing value added logistics services、Lean logistics system is characterized by its high-quality, low cost, continuous improvement, driven by customer demand oriented logistics system、 It requires establishing the customer first thought, on time, accurate and fast delivery of goods and information、In short, Lean Logistics, as a new management ideas, bound to have a third-party logistics enterprises in China have far-reaching impact, it will change the appearance of the extensive third party logistics management concept, the formation of third party logistics Core competitiveness、the establishment of small and medium third party logistics value chain allianceThird-party logistics enterprises of small and medium can not be independent because of their one-stop logistics services to provide full shortcomings, and because the small size of assets, services, not wide area so that small and medium enterprises in China's logistics third party logistics industry at a disadvantage、 Therefore, third party logistics for small and medium enterprises, starting from their own resources to construct their own core competence is the key、 As small and medium enterprise features of a single third-party logistics and incomplete, so based on their respective core competencies based on the structure of the logistics business enterprise cooperation is an effective capacity to make up for deficiencies, constitutes a feasible way of competitive advantage of logistics、 Value chain is the use of systems approach to investigate the interaction between business and the、 Value analysis of all activities and their access to the resources of competitive advantageof the business activities fall into two categories: basic activities and support activities、Basic activities are involved in product creation and sale of the material transferred to the buyer and after-sales service activities、 Basic activities of supporting activities is to assistthe revenue by providing outsourcing, technology, human resources and a variety of functions to support each other、 Theory to analyze the value chain study the value of third party logistics chain composition, can be found in auxiliary activities, third party logisticsenterprise and general business is no different, the basic activities in the third-party logistics companies has its own characteristics、 Third-party logistics enterprises there is generally no commodity production process, only the re-circulation process, d oes not account for major components of a wide range of third-party logistics companies and thus become the basic operating activities of storage, transport, packaging, distribution, customer service and marketing, etc、 link、 Various aspects of the basic work activities, due to their own limited resources and capacity, can not have every aspect of an advantage in that value chain in terms of some of the deficiencies, resulting in their overall logistics function not complete, lack of corresponding competitiveness and comparative advantage in some sectors of the value chain due to lack of overall effect should not play、 Therefore, third party logistics industry, small and medium sized logistics enterprises within the Union, should be based on the value chain between complementary on the basis of cooperation, make full use of professional logistics companies and logistics functions of specialized logistics organization and coordination of agents Flexible complementary integrated logistics capabilities、Third-party logistics for small and medium enterprises, value chain should start with the advantage of links to explore and develop the core competitiveness of enterprises, through the reconstruction of the value chain to avoid weaknesses、(2)Large third-party logistics enterprise virtualization of strategyRapid development in IT and the Internet era, companies can not fight alone singles, but must be in the competition and collaboration, in cooperation and development、Thus, under modern conditions resulting from modern large-scale virtualized development of third-party logistics has a strong necessity、Large third-party logistics enterprise virtualization is the logistics management resources of others who will have "all", through the network, the other part into its own logistics, with the help of others break the power of physical boundaries, extending to achieve their various Function, and thus expand their ability to enhance their strength、Therefore, the logistics information technology, virtualization is a means for the connection and coordination of temporary and dynamic alliance in the form of virtual logistics、 Integrated logistics virtualization technology as ameans of electronic communication, customer-focused, based on the opportunity to participate in members of the core competencies as a condition to an agreement for the common pursuit of goals and tasks, the different parts of the country's existing Resources to quickly mix into a no walls, beyond the space constraints, by means of electronic networks, contact the unified command of the virtual business entity, the fastest launch of high-quality, low-cost logistics service、Modern large-scale virtualization, including third-party logistics functions, organization, geographic three virtualization、Virtualization capabilities with third-party logistics enterprise IT technology will be distributed in different locations, different companies take different functions within the logistics resources (information, human, material and other resources) organized to accomplish a specific task, to achieve the optimization of social resources、 Virtualization refers to the organizational structure of the logistics organization is always dynamically adjusted, not fixed, but also decentralized, flexible, self-management, flat network structure, its objectives and in accordance with changes in the environmentre-combination, in a timely manner Reflect the market dynamics、 Virtual is the regional third party logistics network through the Internet link the global logistics resources, removing barriers and national barriers, to production management to achieve "virtual neighbors、 "1 导言物流通常被认为就是将恰当的产品以最低的成本,在恰当的时间送达恰当的地点。

(完整word版)物流外文文献翻译

外文文献原稿和译文原稿Logistics from the English word "logistics", the original intent of the military logistics support, in the second side after World War II has been widely used in the economic field. Logistics Management Association of the United States is defined as the logistics, "Logistics is to meet the needs of consumers of raw materials, intermediate products, final products and related information to the consumer from the beginning to the effective flow and storage, implementation and control of the process of . "Logistics consists of four key components: the real flow, real storage, and management to coordinate the flow of information. The primary function of logistics is to create time and space effectiveness of the effectiveness of the main ways to overcome the space through the storage distance.Third-party logistics in the logistics channel services provided by brokers, middlemen in the form of the contract within a certain period of time required to provide logistics services in whole or in part. Is a third-party logistics companies for the external customer management, control and operation of the provision of logistics services company.According to statistics, currently used in Europe the proportion of third-party logistics services for 76 percent, the United States is about 58%, and the demand is still growing; 24 percent in Europe and the United States 33% of non-third-party logistics service users are actively considering the use of third-party logistics services. As a third-party logistics to improve the speed of material flow, warehousing costs and financial savings in the cost effective means of passers-by, has become increasingly attracted great attention.First, the advantages of using a third-party logisticsThe use of third-party logistics enterprises can yield many benefits, mainly reflected in: 1, focus on core businessManufacturers can use a third-party logistics companies to achieve optimal distribution of resources, limited human and financial resources to concentrate on their coreenergy, to focus on the development of basic skills, develop new products in the world competition, and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises.2, cost-savingProfessional use of third-party logistics providers, the professional advantages of mass production and cost advantages, by providing the link capacity utilization to achieve cost savings, so that enterprises can benefit from the separation of the cost structure. Manufacturing enterprises with the expansion of marketing services to participate in any degree of depth, would give rise to a substantial increase in costs, only the use of professional services provided by public services, in order to minimize additional losses. University of Tennessee in accordance with the United States, United Kingdom and the United States EXEL company EMST & YOUNG consulting firm co-organized a survey: a lot of cargo that enable them to use third-party logistics logistics costs declined by an average of 1.18 percent, the average flow of goods from 7.1 days to 3.9 days, stock 8.2% lower.3, reduction of inventoryThird-party logistics service providers with well-planned logistics and timely delivery means, to minimize inventory, improve cash flow of the enterprise to achieve cost advantages.4, enhance the corporate imageThird-party logistics service providers and customers is a strategic partnership, the use of third-party logistics provider of comprehensive facilities and trained staff on the whole supply chain to achieve complete control, reducing the complexity of logistics, through their own networks to help improve customer service, not only to establish their own brand image, but also customers in the competition.Second, The purpose of the implementation of logistics management The purpose of the implementation of logistics management is to the lowest possible total cost of conditions to achieve the established level of customer service, or service advantages and seek cost advantages of a dynamic equilibrium, and thus create competitive enterprises in the strategic advantage. According to this goal, logistics management to solve the basic problem, simply put, is to the right products to fit the number and the right price atthe right time and suitable sites available to customers.Logistics management systems that use methods to solve the problem. Modern Logistics normally be considered by the transport, storage, packaging, handling, processing in circulation, distribution and information constitute part of all. All have their own part of the original functions, interests and concepts. System approach is the use of modern management methods and modern technology so that all aspects of information sharing in general, all the links as an integrated system for organization and management, so that the system can be as low as possible under the conditions of the total cost, provided there Competitive advantage of customer service. Systems approach that the system is not the effectiveness of their various local links-effective simple sum. System means that, there's a certain aspects of the problem and want to all of the factors affecting the analysis and evaluation. From this idea of the logistics system is not simply the pursuit of their own in various areas of the lowest cost, because the logistics of the link between the benefits of mutual influence, the tendency of mutual constraints, there is the turn of the relationship between vulnerability. For example, too much emphasis on packaging materials savings, it could cause damage because of their easy to transport and handling costs increased. Therefore, the systems approach stresses the need to carry out the total cost analysis, and to avoid the second best effect and weigh the cost of the analysis, so as to achieve the lowest cost, while meeting the established level of customer se rvice purposes.Third, China's enterprises in the use of third-party logistics problems in While third-party logistics company has many advantages, but not many enterprises will be more outsourcing of the logistics business, the reasons boil down to:1, resistance to changeMany companies do not want the way through the logistics outsourcing efforts to change the current mode. In particular, some state-owned enterprises, we reflow will also mean that the dismissal of outsourcing a large number of employees, which the managers of state-owned enterprises would mean a very great risk.2, lack of awarenessFor third-party logistics enterprise's generally low level of awareness, lack of awareness of enterprise supply chain management in the enterprise of the great role in thecompetition.3, fear of losing controlAs a result of the implementation of supply chain companies in enhancing the competitiveness of the important role that many companies would rather have a small but complete logistics department and they do not prefer these functions will be handed over to others, the main reasons it is worried that if they lose the internal logistics capabilities, customers will be exchanges and over-reliance on other third-party logistics companies. 4, the logistics outsourcing has its own complexitySupply chain logistics business and companies are usually other services, such as finance, marketing or production of integrated logistics outsourcing itself with complexity. On a number of practical business, including the integration of transport and storage may lead to organizational, administrative and implementation problems. In addition, the company's internal information system integration features, making the logistics business to a third party logistics companies have become very difficult to operate.5, to measure the effect of logistics outsourcing by many factorsAccurately measure the cost of information technology, logistics and human resources more difficult. It is difficult to determine the logistics outsourcing companies in the end be able to bring the cost of how many potential good things. In addition, all the uniqueness of the company's business and corporate supply chain operational capability, is usually not considered to be internal to the external public information, it is difficult to accurately compare the inter-company supply chain operational capability.Although some manufacturers have been aware of the use of third-party logistics companies can bring a lot of good things, but in practical applications are often divided into several steps, at the same time choose a number of logistics service providers as partners in order to avoid the business by a logistics service providers brought about by dependence. Fourth, China's third-party logistics companies in the development of the problems encounteredA successful logistics company, the operator must have a larger scale, the establishment of effective regional coverage area, with a strong command and control center with the high standard of integrated technical, financial resources and business strategy.China's third-party logistics companies in the development of the problems encountered can be summarized as follows:1, operating modelAt present, most of the world's largest logistics companies take the head office and branch system, centralized headquarters-style logistics operation to take to the implementation of vertical business management. The establishment of a modern logistics enterprise must have a strong, flexible command and control center to control the entire logistics operations and coordination. Real must be a modern logistics center, a profit center, business organizations, the framework, the institutional form of every match with a center. China's logistics enterprises in the operating mode of the problems of foreign logistics enterprises in the management model should be from the domestic logistics enterprises.2, the lack of storage or transport capacityThe primary function of logistics is to create time and space utility theft. For now China's third-party logistics enterprises, some companies focus on storage, lack of transport capacity; other companies is a lot of transport vehicles and warehouses throughout the country little by renting warehouses to complete the community's commitment to customers. 3, network problemsThere are a few large companies have the logistics of the entire vehicle cargo storage network or networks, but the network coverage area is not perfect. Customers in the choice of logistics partner, are very concerned about network coverage and network of regional branches of the density problem. The building of the network should be of great importance to logistics enterprises.4, information technologyThe world's largest logistics enterprises have "three-class network", that is, orders for information flow, resources, global supply chain network, the global Resource Network users and computer information network. With the management of advanced computer technology, these customers are also the logistics of the production of high value-added products business, the domestic logistics enterprises must increase investment in information systems can change their market position.Concentration and integration is the third-party logistics trends in the development ofenterprises. The reasons are: firstly, the company intends to major aspects of supply chain outsourcing to the lowest possible number of several logistics companies; the second, the establishment of an efficient global third party logistics inputs required for increasing the capital; the third Many third-party logistics providers through mergers and joint approaches to expand its service capabilities.译文物流已广泛应用于经济领域中的英文单词“物流”，军事后勤保障的原意，在二战结束后的第二面。

物流分拣中英文对照外文翻译文献

物流分拣中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)由一个单一的存储/检索机服务的多巷道自动化立体仓库存在的拣选分拣问题摘要随着现代化科技的发展，仓库式存储系统在设计与运行方面出现了巨大的改革。

自动化立体仓库（AS / RS）嵌入计算机驱动正变得越来越普遍。

由于AS / RS 使用的增加对计算机控制的需要与支持也在提高。

这项研究解决了在多巷道立体仓库的拣选问题，在这种存储/检索（S / R）操作中，每种货物可以在多个存储位置被寻址到。

提出运算方法的目标是，通过S/R系统拣选货物来最大限度的减少行程时间。

我们开发的遗传式和启发式算法，以及通过比较从大量的问题中得到一个最佳的解决方案。

关键词：自动化立体仓库，AS / RS系统，拣选，遗传算法。

1.言在现今的生产环境中，库存等级保持低于过去。

那是因为这种较小的存储系统不仅降低库存量还增加了拣选货物的速度。

自动化立体仓库（AS / RS），一方面通过提供快速响应，来达到高操作效率；另一方面它还有助于运作方面的系统响应时间，减少的拣选完成的总行程时间。

因此，它常被用于制造业、储存仓库和分配设备等行业中。

拣选是仓库检索功能的基本组成部分。

它的主要目的是，在预先指定的地点中选择适当数量的货物以满足客户拣选要求。

虽然拣选操作仅仅是物体在仓储中装卸操作之一，但它却是“最耗时间和花费最大的仓储功能。

许多情形下，仓储盈利的高低就在于是否能将拣选操作运行处理好”。

（Bozer和White）Ratliff和Rosenthal，他们关于自动化立体仓库系统（AS/RS）的拣选问题进行的研究，发明了基图算法，在阶梯式布局中选取最短的访问路径。

Roodbergen 和de Koster 拓展了Ratliff 和Rosenthal算法。

他们认为，在平行巷道拣选问题上，应该穿越巷道末端和中间端进行拣选，就此他们发明了一种动态的规划算法解决这问题。

就此Van den Berg 和Gademann发明了一种运输模型(TP)，它是对于指定的存储和卸载进行测算的仪器。

物流管理专业外文翻译外文文献英文文献

物流管理专业外文翻译外文文献英文文献附录英文资料原文:From the perspective of modern logistics systems, storage is an important part of logistics is the logistics system, distribution center, hoping for effective logistics warehouse here, scientific management and control, so that the logistics system more smoothly, more reasonable to run. In this paper, the importance of starting from the warehouse, combining theory and practice, through an enterprise storage andlogistics activities in the "space" and "cargo space" to analyze how the activities in the warehouse through the "space" and "cargo space "management to improve storage efficiency, reduce storage costs.Case Background: Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. of a storage management. A Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. located in Guangdong Huizhou Jinyuan Industrial Zone, which was established in 1998, is a professional lighting devices and electrical equipment manufacturers, it is the industry's leading enterprises. With excellent product quality, excellent service, the access to the customer's extensive approval and praise. In order to adapt to the new form of strategic development needs, the Company's existing network of integrated customer relationship, across the country set up the 35 operations centers, improve the company's supply chain, logistics, warehousing and distribution systems and customer service system. The company is headquartered Total finishedgoods warehouse 3, namely a set of finished products warehouse, finished products and finished second group of three storage warehouses. They are based on different types of products in different product sub-warehouses: one product a warehouse on the first floor is to facilitate the shipment into, so it is relatively types of goods stored there are more point, such as lamp, lamp panel and so on. And all of the export goods are stored in a group. Finished second group is mainly warehouse track lights, metal halide lamp, T4 lamp, T5 lamp and light. The company's several light sources are stored in the warehouse two groups finished. Three major stored product warehouse specific grid lamps, ceiling lamps, track lights, and some other companies products.1 An analysis of warehouse storage spaceWarehouse storage system's main elements include storage space, goods, personnel and equipment and other factors. Storage is the storage of the core functions and key links, storage area plan is reasonable or not directly affect the operational efficiency of warehouse and storage capacity. Therefore, the effective use of storage space as warehouse management is one important factor of good or bad. The company'sproducts sell well. Frequency of a large warehouse storage, goods flow also great. The company's warehouse space layout is stored on theshelves of goods, three-dimensional space utilization is not high, sohe's warehouse is not very high degree of mechanization, storage, only forklifts, including hand trucks and electric forklift. Warehouse operation methods, generally with a forklift, rarely manpower for thereceipt of goods, which are materials used to send and receive cards, every time shipping and receiving cards will be done in the send and receive registration materials, so we usually check very convenient goods such as some of the follow-up results from the present work seems to still relatively high efficiency, operation is quite easy. So the whole way of operating the company's warehouse is quite reasonable. The warehouse usually because the storage space is often not enough and the goods stored in the work space position. Particularly in the sales season, the warehouse storage products especially crowded, working up inside people feel a little depressedfeeling. So not very reasonable storage operating environment. The warehouse, data storage costs a statistical look fairly reasonable, because it costs very little equipment, fixed storage cost is not very high, while the storage cost is the cost of the class structure, so storage costs are therefore not very high.Storage warehouse for storage of goods that is as functional space.Storage space = potential use of physical space + space + space + operations useless space. Physical space, which means the goods were in fact occupied the space. The company's warehouse, its physical space accounted for 75% of the warehouse; the potential use of space accounted for 10%; work space and accounts for about 10% as the company's warehouse mechanization is not high, so a small point of space does not work What effect, its security is also essential to meet the requirements intermittent; his useless space accounted for about 5%. Onthe whole, the warehouse space utilization is high, there is a little crowded phenomenon. Analysis: the relative reduction should be the use of some physical space to increase the number of intermittent operations such as space, safety of space use. In addition, space and vertical space from the plane of view, the level of space has been put to good use, but the use of vertical space is not high, it can be considered top shelf, or high-level automatic three-dimensional shelf, to make better use of vertical space.2 rack management analysisRack management refers to the goods into warehouse, on the goods handling, how to put, place, etc. where a reasonable and effective planning and management. The disposal of goods, how to place, mainly by the strategic decision taken by the storage of goods of a specific storage location, will have to combine the principles of location assignment related to the decision. The company's warehouse storage rack management approach is used in positioning guidelines to follow. Positioning refers to each type of storage or storage of goods are fixed for each cargo space, cargo space of goods can not be interoperable. Therefore, when planning cargo space, cargo space for each volume of goods shall not be less than the possible maximum amount in the bank. However, in actual operation, the positioning of different storage conditions generally done in accordance with appropriate adjustments, it will make changes based on the actual situation. Cargo space in the warehouse management in the work by the staff of the company, combiningtheory with practice, carried out positioning, fixed-point, quantitative management principles, therefore, Ta cargo-bit capability is not Quanbu Anzhaozuida conducted in the library volume positioning, as the company's products belong to relatively large seasonal variations in the product, if the maximum amount set in the library space utilization will fall to the warehouse, so wastage of resources.- As all the libraries in the digital warehouse are stored with the principles of positioning, in accordance with the current situation of the company's warehouse, all use the principle of positioning is not very reasonable storage should be in accordance with the different characteristics of products and storage requirements, the product classification For important product, a small number of products used variety store positioning. And because almost all of the company's products feature the same features they are not mutually exclusive, this product features from the point of view is they could be put together randomly.In addition, the company's warehouse management, distribution of cargo spaces You are also a number of principles: (1) FIFO principle, Ji is the ancestor of goods, first-out library library principles, the principles generally applicable to a short life cycle of goods. (2) the principle of facing channel, referring to the goods of the mark, name the face of passageways so that theoperator can easily simple identification, it allows the retentionof goods, access to easy and efficient manner, which is to the warehouseto be fluent in the basic principles of operation. (3) weight characteristics of the principle, meaning that according to the weight of different goods to determine the level of goods in the storage location of places. In general, the weight should be kept on the ground or the lower shelf position, light goods were kept in the upper shelf location. In the case of manual handling operations carried out when the people of waist height for the custody of heavy or large items, while above the waist height of the light used to keep the goods or small items. This principle, the use of the safety and shelf manual handling operations have great significance. According to this principle, the company's warehouse stocking on the use of the fruit picking type. In this way, the storage requirements of the company's present situation is very reasonable, but also for staff is also very convenient.In the specific cargo space management process, we can see that the above description: they still use more modern management methods and principles. These methods and principles. For most of the moretraditional business management for storage or a more scientific and reasonable. Of course, in the management of the process there will be issues, such as operation in practice, some operators do not pay attention, not careful, careless also makes some of the principles of our implementation is not good enough. In the company's product sales, and warehouse management appears cargo space confusion, some products will be stored in the operating channel and the secure channel, so that is not conducive to our operations, warehouse operations particularlyaffect the safety of personnel, there are security risks. Because these problems often are especially prominent when the season, so these problems, the author suggested that some of the goods stored in the open yard, but the time to do well in the storage protection. 3 proposed ABC Classified Management ApplicationsTo conduct an effective inventory management and control, we mustfirst sort of inventory, only then can we better manage the goods and control. Therefore, I analyzed that in the original storage facilities under the same conditions, using ABC classification of goods for the implementation and management. This can effectively use the original storage space and cargo space. Through the analysis of goods to identify the primary and secondary, classification queue. According to Barrett curve reveals the "critical few and minor majority" rule should be applied in the management. Therefore, in accordance with product value, sales, shortage cost, or order in advance of other indicators toclassify the product. A class of products which are the highest value of inventory, general inventory of its total inventory of 15%, while the value of it is accounted for 70% ~ 80%; B products are middle of the stock value of these species 30% of the total inventory value of the total value of 15% to 25%; while the C class product is the value of the bottom of the inventory, its value is only 5% of the total value, but it accounts for the total inventory stocks 55%. Storage can be classified by goods and different products for each type of different management strategies developed to implement different control measures. In themanagement process, the products for A to require warehousing products are all everyday to inspect and inventory, the operation should be careful, can significantly embodiment up such products other products Butong between, were the focus of management; on B products, managed by sub-key can be 2 to 3 days to inspect and inventory. At the same time,do not neglect the management of products on the C, C products every week to conduct an inspection and inventory.We know from the analysis, storage operations, "space", "cargo space" and its scientific and rational management is an important partof warehouse management, warehousing costs alsoaffect the cost of important factors. Through practical examples of some of the storagemanagement problem analysis and research, through analysis and study of these issues, so wehave deeper storage management to understand, storage has its own management principles, weshould abide by and seriously the implementation of these principles. When in use thecombination of theory and practice, so that our warehouse and our theory more in tune with theactual operation. Only the combination of theory and practice to our knowledge to the limits.中文译文从现代物流系统观点来看,仓储是物流的一个重要环节,是物流系统的调运中心,希望在仓储这里对物流进行有效、科学地管理与控制,使物流系统更顺畅、更合理地运行。

物流配送中心外文文献原稿和译文

外文文献原稿和译文原稿logistics distribution center location factors:(1) the goods distribution and quantity. This is the distribution center and distribution of the object, such as goods source and the future of distribution, history and current and future forecast and development, etc. Distribution center should as far as possible and producer form in the area and distribution short optimization. The quantity of goods is along with the growth of the size distribution and constant growth. Goods higher growth rate, the more demand distribution center location is reasonable and reducing conveying process unnecessary waste.(2) transportation conditions. The location of logistics distribution center should be close to the transportation hub, and to form the logistics distribution center in the process of a proper nodes. In the conditional, distribution center should be as close to the railway station, port and highway.(3) land conditions. Logistics distribution center covers an area of land in increasingly expensive problem today is more and more important. Is the use of the existing land or land again? Land price? Whether to conform to the requirements of the plan for the government, and so on, in the construction distribution center have considered.(4) commodities flow. Enterprise production of consumer goods as the population shift and change, should according to enterprise's better distribution system positioning. Meanwhile, industrial products market will transfer change, in order to determine the raw materials and semi-finished products of commodities such as change of flow in the location of logistics distribution center should be considered when the flow of the specific conditions of the relevant goods.(5) other factors. Such as labor, transportation and service convenience degree, investment restrictions, etc.How to reduce logistics cost，enhance the adaptive capacity and strain capacity of distribution center is a key research question of agricultural product logistics distribution center．At present，most of the research on logistics cost concentrates off theoretical analysis of direct factors of logistics cost, and solves the problem of over-high logistics Cost mainly by direct channel solution．This research stresses on the view of how to loeate distribution center, analyzes the influence of locating distribution center on logistics cost．and finds one kind of simple and easy location method by carrying on the location analysis of distribution center through computer modeling and the application of Exeel．So the location of agricultural product logistics distribution center can be achieved scientifically and reasonably, which will attain the goal of reducing logistics cost, and have a decision．making support function to the logisties facilities and planning of agricultural product．The agricultural product logistics distribution center deals with dozens and even hundreds of clients every day, and transactions are made in high-frequency. If the distribution center is far away from other distribution points，the moving and transporting of materials and the collecting of operational data is inconvenient and costly. costly．The modernization of agricultural product logistics s distribution center is a complex engineering system，not only involves logistics technology, information technology, but also logistics management ideas and its methods，in particular the specifying of strategic location and business model is essential for the constructing of distribution center. How to reduce logistics cost，enhance the adaptive capacity and strain capacity of distribution center is a key research question of agricultural product logistics distribution center. The so—called logistics costs refers to the expenditure summation of manpower, material and financial resources in the moving process of the goods．such as loading and unloading，conveying，transport，storage，circulating，processing, information processing and other segments. In a word。

快递行业中英文对照外文文献翻译

快递行业中英文对照外文文献翻译文献信息：文献标题：Why Customers Intend to Use E_press Delivery Services（客户为何打算使用快递服务）文献作者：S Setiyawati，B Haryanto文献出处：《Social Science Electronic Publishing》,20__,3(2):56- 81 字数统计：英文 2718 单词，15832 字符；中文 4805 汉字外文文献：Why Customers Intend to Use E_press Delivery ServicesAbstract The aim of this research was to better understand the effects of products quality, price reasonableness, brand image, and attitude towards customer&rs;s intention.This research was guided by four research questions: What product quality has a positive influence on e_press delivery services a positive attitude? What price reasonableness positive influence on attitude to use e_press delivery services? What positive effect on brand imagee_presses delivery services? What positive attitude influence on intention to use e_press delivery services? The methodology employed was survey of 100 customers plus in-depth interviews with courier service operators.Interviews and survey were conducted from August to October 20__.This research was used SEM techniques for data analyze.The results confirmed there was no relationship between products quality, price reasonableness and attitude.Furthermore, brand image has influence attitude.The mediating role effects of costumer&rs;s attitude for product quality, price reasonableness and brand image towards customer&rs;s intention offer new insight into antecedents on costumer&rs;s intention in a highinfluence.This study presents an original contribution to understanding brand image effect and its attributes either directly or through attitude towards customer&rs;s intention is determine.Keywords: Product Quality, Price Reasonableness, Brand Image, Attitude, Customer&rs;s Intention 1.Introductionpetitive advantage is likely to depend on market orientation, which means fosters behaviors that lead to customer&rs;s perception of superior value.Market orientation implies to customer&rs;s needs and delivering solutions and services that meet customer&rs;s needs, which indicates customer orientation.The phenomenon of attitude and intention to use e_press delivery service part of orientation to the customers is an interesting issue to be studied.Previous studies show inconsistency attitudes and intentions models relating to e_press delivery services (Li Petrick, 2021).This is due each study is based on the object and different settings.These conditions provide opportunities to design an alternative model capable of elaborating phenomenon to be observed.The alternative model is built based on five variables: products quality, price reasonableness, brand image, and attitudes which e_plain its influence on intention to use e_press delivery services.Thus, prediction models of individual behavior intention can bee_plained as follows: Product quality needs to be e_amined because these variables effectively to influence customer attitude (Stank et al.,20__3; Richey et al., 20__7; Rafid Jaafar, 20__7).However, different findings on influence customer behavior and product quality services performed by Mentzer et al.(20__1) indicating customer perceptions about product quality is very relative and changeable nature because of individual psychological influence.1.1.Problem StatementConceptualization of variables to be studied, namely: product quality, pricereasonableness, brand image and attitude influence intention to use e_press delivery services.To encourage practices this study addresses the follog questions:Is product quality has a positive influence on e_press delivery services a positive attitude? What price reasonableness positive influence on attitude to use e_press delivery services? What positive effects on brand image e_press delivery services? What positive attitude influence on intention to use e_press delivery services? 1.2.Research Objectives The general purpose of this study is to look at the effect of product quality, price reasonableness, brand image and attitude influence on intention.Especially, this study aims to figure product quality has apositive influence on attitude; price reasonableness positive influence attitude; brand image positive influence attitude; and attitude positive effect on the customers&rs; intent to use e_press delivery services.1.3.Research ContributionsThe contribution of this study is to offer a new roach that is more prehensive, namely elaborate dimensions of product quality, brand image, price reasonableness, and attitude to assess the e_tent of its significance to customer&rs;sintent to use e_press delivery services; contribute to the science of management.Especially to understand the effect of product quality, price reasonableness, brand image, attitude to assess the e_tent its significance to customer&rs;s intent on e_press delivery services.Then, show main factors that e_plain highest variation incustomer&rs;s intent on e_press delivery services pany will help policymakers to reform corporate marketing service significantly and qualified; a pioneer in customer&rs;s intent perspective to use e_press delivery services.The findings of study will fill chasms theoretical to e_plore role of attitudes that decide customer&rs;s intent to use e_press delivery services and mainstreaming for further studies in marketing services.2.Research Framework and HypothesesThe roach used in assessing the influence of attitudes and intentions of customers are TRA of Fishbein Ajzen (2021) and TPB developed by Ajzen (20__1) with adding the perceived behavioral control as a determinant of behavioral intention.Dimensions intention to behave customers essentially determined by three factors: a person&rs;s attitude toward behavior, the degree of social pressure one feels about the behavior and the degree of acceptance of control perceived in behavior.The third ponent of this belief interacts and be a decisive intention that determines a person&rs;s behavior.In a study of the influence of the attitudes and intentions of customers in using e_press delivery services, the proposed research model as follows: 2.1.Product Quality Positively Influence on Attitude Customers use e_press delivery services for reasons of timeliness submissions (Kannan Tan, 20__2; Cakravastia Takahashi, 20__4), at petitive prices (Bienstock Royne, 2021; Rahman, 20__6; Mentzer et al., 20__7) reliable, safety and shipment security (O_ford Economic Forecasting, 2021).Parasuraman et al.(20__5); Goode Harris (20__4) said that service quality is a significant predictor of attitudes (Cronin Taylor, 1992) affects intention to behave.Indicate that intentions better than customer&rs;s attitude towards products / services quality.The degree of intent describes customer state while attitude is perceived by degree assessment of products / services quality provided by providers.In accordance opinions by Fawcett et al.(1996); Colonna (1997) about product quality attributes this study used the Global E_press Association Standard (20__), namely: Global Reach; Reliability; Transparency; Speed and Security are predicted to affect positive attitude.Based on these results, products / services quality included in model and proposed the first hypothesis as follows: H1: Product quality positively influence attitude to use e_press delivery services.2.2.Price Reasonableness Positively Influence on AttitudePrice is an important variable for positive attitudes towarde_press delivery services formation.Prices give positive or negative consumer perception (Zeithaml, 1988; Gerrard Cunningham, 20__4) to assess a product, both products services, and goods.Colgate Hedge (20__1) conclude behavioral effect on the price of customer attitudes about products / services (Peng Wang, 20__6) price (e_pensive) and pricing policy cannot be trusted.Based on Imran et al.(2021) studied price reasonableness will be assessed by a customerin accordance with service quality, both significantly with a positive attitude.Different studies Chitty et al.(20__7) high-quality services would be considered good even pay more e_pensive than low-quality services so that services (Rahman, 20__6; Mentzer et al., 20__7) is difficult to reposition price.Basedon the research above, follog hypothesis is advanced: H2: Price reasonableness positively influence attitude to use e_press delivery services.2.3.Brand Image Positively Influence on AttitudeBased on research Aaker (20__4); Anisimova (20__7); BlombackA_elsson (20__7); Martenson (20__7); Da Silva Syed Alwi (2021)e_plained that brand image is customer attitudes perception when considering a particular brand, an image can be brand assured.The brand image role elaborating memories, belief and preference of customer&rs;s attitude toward a brand (Hsieh et al., 20__4; Karour Ahmadinejad, 20__).Keller Lehmann (20__3) e_plain that brand image and attitudeaffect customer&rs;s intention.Nguyen LeBlanc (1998) indicated attitude is more influential than a brand image on intention.Hsieh et al.(20__4) indicate the pany&rs;s brand perception big influence on buying behavior.Noted that brand image positively influence attitude and intention to use a particular product.Vahid Aidin (20__) indicating that it cannot predict actual behavior of products / services selection, due to various reasons, particularly situational reasons.Based on research above, follog hypothesis is advanced: H3: Brand image positively influence attitude to use e_press delivery services.2.4.Attitudes Influence on IntentionsAttitude consistently affect on intentions (Tarkianen Sundqvist, 20__5).Customers&rs; positive attitude tends to realize intention (Ajzen, 1991).Based on research (Rosenberg Hod, 1995; Fishbein Ajzen, 2021) attitude predisposes behavior.A multi-dimensional as hierarchical sequence model of cognitive, affective and conative (Rosenberg Hod, 1995).Chang (2021) is used to determine attitude effect by intention.Focus of this study aims to describe the model predictions about attitudes and intentions on e_press delivery services are to e_plain individual&rs;s desire degree to determine attitude on e_press delivery services customer.Based on research Anoraga (20_) indicate intention based one_perience and motivational factors influence behavior (Ajzen, 20__1).Intention described attitude directing behavior and subjective norms and refers to individual&rs;s perception that benefits against certain behaviors (Werner, 20__4) and increasing the intention to use the services.Results of research Webb Sheeran (20__6) indicate that the intention is the determinant of behavior, in addition to the PBC can predict directly to behavior or mediate relationship between intention and behavior.Based on these studies proposed hypothesis therefore is: H4: Attitude to use e_press delivery services mediates the relationship between product quality, price reasonableness, and brand image on customer&rs;s intention to use e_press delivery services.Based on these descriptions, research model on attitudes and intentions customers using e_press delivery services in Jakarta this basic framework can be arranged as shown in Figure 1 as follows: Figure 1.The conceptual model3.MethodsThe results are justified scientifically from source and truth, and then research methods are designed to provide a clear and structured basis instruments used to test a hypothesis.In order to achieve these objectives, this chapter will discuss scope, sling techniques, operational definition and measurement of variables, and statistical methods.3.1.The Scope of ResearchThis study was designed as an e_ploratory research to e_plain a phenomenon (Maholtra, 20__7).The research was conducted in Jakarta using survey techniques and data collected are cross-sectional.3.2.Sling TechniquesThe target population in this study is customers who intend to choose e_press delivery service for shipments / packages / documents in Jakarta chosen as study setting are e_pected to limit a scope of study so that results are relatively homogeneous.Non-probabilistic sle taken with follog criteria: (1) sle must have knowledge of courier / courier service / mail / e_press delivery services intended use; (2) Sle never use a delivery service and intend to use e_pressdelivery service at PT.Nugraha path Ekakurir (JNE) during August to October 20__.The determined number of sles of 100 respondents, thus meeting the minimum eligibility criteria for consideration data analysis aspects of Structural Equation Model / SEM (Hooper et al., 2021).3.3.Operational Definition and Measurement of Variables3.3.1.Product Quality Product quality is defined as an individual&rs;s perception of product superiority (Aaker, 1997).In this study variable product quality adopted from Global E_press Association (20__).Product quality variable was measured with dimension (a) Global Reach (knog its wide range) measured using five indications: (1) unlimited range; (2) reach to all corners; (3) a broad range; (4) reach to corner and (5) spread range; (b) Reliability (knog of reliable service) were measured using five indications: (1) timely service; (2) reliable services; (3) consistent; (4) tested services; (5) ministry assured.; (c) Transparency was measured using five indications: (1) service is transparent; (2) service is open; (3) services are easily tracked; (4) service is easily detected and (5) e_plicit service.(d) Speed (fast delivery) was measured using 5 indications (1) fast delivery; (2) timely delivery; (3) delivery smoothly; (4) delivery efficient and (5) delivery reliable.(e) Security was measured using five indications: (1) safe delivery;(2) delivery is guaranteed; (3) are not damaged; (4) shipment is not lost, and (5) shipments protected.Each item was measured using a 5-point Likert scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree.3.3.2.Reasonableness PricePrice is defined as an individual&rs;s quality perception.The price factor is a sacrifice that must be paid to get some product type (Zeithaml, 1988; Rahman, 20__6; Mentzer et al., 20__7).This variable was measured by using 5 price reasonablenessindicators (Karour Ahmadinejad, 20__): (1) reasonable rates; (2) reasonable rates; (3) affordable rates; (4) reasonable rates, and (5) usual fare.Each item wasmeasured using a 5-point Likert scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree.3.3.3.Brand ImageBased on the earlier studies, the researcher determined that this variable was measured by using brand image attributes.Brand image is elaborating memories, beliefs and preferences of customer&rs;s attitude toward a brand.So the brand image is measured using 5 indications (Hsieh et al.20__): (1) popular brands image (2) superior brand image.(3) a good brand image.(4) brand image has a good reputation.(5) brand image has a good impression.Each item was measured using a 5-point scale Linkert from strongly disagree to strongly agree.3.4.Positive Attitude towards E_press Delivery ServicesAttitude is defined as a degree of evaluation like or dislike of a person against an object or product (Ajzen, 1991).This means that if a customer has a positive attitude towards a product, the customer tends to manifest intention.Attitude measure multi- dimensional (Rosenberg Hod, 1995) as a construct in a hierarchical manner described through a cognitive, affective and conative sequence.In this study, e_press delivery services attitude is measured by using a 5 attitude indications, namely: (1) Glad to e_press delivery services; (2) Likes to e_press delivery services; (3) e_cited to e_press delivery services; (4) Hy on the e_istence of e_press delivery services, and (5) Think positive to e_press delivery services.Each item was measured using a 5-point Likert scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree.3.5.Intention to use E_press Delivery ServicesIntention to use e_press delivery services (Fishbein Ajzen, 2021)is measure of confidence, motivation; attitudes to direct behavior, subjective norm; intention to act, and perception of behavioral control.This variable was measured by using 5 indications: (1) It will usee_press delivery services; (2) Want to use e_press delivery services; (3) Tendency to use e_press delivery services; (4) Willingness to use to use e_press delivery services; (5) Regarding use of these services in the future.Each item was measured using a 5-point Likert scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree.4.ConclusionInfluence between variables in structural equation modeling, in general, does not support the results of previous studies, such as product quality and price reasonableness is not consistent with thestudy (Cronin Taylor, 1992) that product quality perceived and services are predictors of positive attitudes and behavior intention antecendent subscribers.The findings further showed no consistent also with findings (Keaveney, 1995; Colgate Hedge, 20__1) that price reasonableness influence positive attitude customers.However, results of studies on price reasonableness in line with (Mittal et al., 1998; Karour Ahmadinejad, 20__) studies indicatingprice does not affect customer&rs;s purchase intention.The findings indicate that brand image positively influences attitudes.These results support previous studies (Aaker, 20__4) that quality perception shows superior differentiation of products or services and customers to the brand and think selectively used services.These results are consistent findings (Hsieh et al., 20__4; Karour Ahmadinejad, 20__) that brand image elaborating memories, beliefs and preferences of customer&rs;s attitude toward a brand, then brand image and perception of corporate image influence on intention and purchase behavior brand, in line with studies (Blomback A_elsson, 20__7; Ogba Tan, 2021; Matthiesen Phau, 2021) brand image influence positive customers attitude.Good customer perception will ear when the brand has a unique advantage / superior, good reputation, popular, nice and provide the best service (Aaker, 1997; Kotler Keller, 20__).This shows brand image directly describes product quality.The study showed mediating role attitudes towards an intention to use e_press delivery services to sharpen study (Rosenberg Hod, 1995) that a construct ofcognitive, affective and conative able to e_plain desireindividuals to determine a positive attitude.Construction positive attitude (Ehigie, 20__6) is a critical factor closely related to customer e_pectations, perceived services quality.Similar findings (Donio et al., 20__6; Brunner et al., 2021) which affect-laden of a brand that a positive attitude will enhance customer intention to use e_press delivery services.中文译文：客户为何打算使用快递服务【摘要】：^p本研究的目的是更好地了解产品质量、价格合理性、品牌形象和态度对客户意向的影响。

仓储物流外文文献翻译中英文原文及译文2023-2023

仓储物流外文文献翻译中英文原文及译文2023-2023原文1：The Current Trends in Warehouse Management and LogisticsWarehouse management is an essential component of any supply chain and plays a crucial role in the overall efficiency and effectiveness of logistics operations. With the rapid advancement of technology and changing customer demands, the field of warehouse management and logistics has seen several trends emerge in recent years.One significant trend is the increasing adoption of automation and robotics in warehouse operations. Automated systems such as conveyor belts, robotic pickers, and driverless vehicles have revolutionized the way warehouses function. These technologies not only improve accuracy and speed but also reduce labor costs and increase safety.Another trend is the implementation of real-time tracking and visibility systems. Through the use of RFID (radio-frequency identification) tags and GPS (global positioning system) technology, warehouse managers can monitor the movement of goods throughout the entire supply chain. This level of visibility enables better inventory management, reduces stockouts, and improves customer satisfaction.Additionally, there is a growing focus on sustainability in warehouse management and logistics. Many companies are implementing environmentally friendly practices such as energy-efficient lighting, recycling programs, and alternativetransportation methods. These initiatives not only contribute to reducing carbon emissions but also result in cost savings and improved brand image.Furthermore, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have become integral parts of warehouse management. AI-powered systems can analyze large volumes of data to optimize inventory levels, forecast demand accurately, and improve operational efficiency. Machine learning algorithms can also identify patterns and anomalies, enabling proactive maintenance and minimizing downtime.In conclusion, warehouse management and logistics are continuously evolving fields, driven by technological advancements and changing market demands. The trends discussed in this article highlight the importance of adopting innovative solutions to enhance efficiency, visibility, sustainability, and overall performance in warehouse operations.译文1：仓储物流管理的当前趋势仓储物流管理是任何供应链的重要组成部分，并在物流运营的整体效率和效力中发挥着至关重要的作用。

英语作文-现代快递服务行业的末端配送与配送中心

英语作文-现代快递服务行业的末端配送与配送中心In the realm of the ever-evolving landscape of modern logistics, one critical aspect that drives the seamless delivery of goods is the intricate interplay between末端配送 and distribution centers. This intricate web of operations is the backbone of the快递 industry, ensuring timely and efficient delivery to consumers worldwide.At the heart of this system lies the末端配送, a dynamic and agile network of delivery personnel who are the face of the service. They are the ones who navigate the bustling streets, suburban neighborhoods, and even the urban jungle, delivering packages with precision and speed. With the advent of technology, these delivery agents are often equipped with GPS tracking and mobile apps, enabling real-time updates to customers and streamlining their routes.The distribution centers, on the other hand, serve as the nerve center, managing the incoming and outgoing flow of shipments. These facilities are strategically located, often close to major transportation hubs, to facilitate the rapid sorting and dispatch of goods. Advanced technologies, such as automated sorting systems and inventory management systems, help optimize the storage and dispatch processes, minimizing delays and errors.The integration of these two components is crucial for the industry's efficiency. While the末端 delivery ensures the physical delivery to the end-consumer, the distribution centers ensure the smooth transition from the warehouse to the streets. They handle the bulk of the volume, allowing the末端 teams to focus on delivering to specific addresses and handling last-mile challenges.The快递 industry is witnessing rapid growth, driven by the rise of e-commerce and the increasing demand for same-day and express deliveries. This has led to a surge in the need for efficient and responsive logistics solutions. Companies are investing heavily intechnology and infrastructure to enhance their delivery capabilities, from drones for last-mile deliveries to smart packaging that can track its journey.In conclusion, the modern快递 service industry's success is hinged on the harmonious functioning of末端 delivery and distribution centers. Their seamless collaboration, powered by technology, enables the timely delivery of goods, fostering customer satisfaction and loyalty. As the industry continues to evolve, the role of these two components will only become more pivotal, shaping the future of logistics and retail.This document has been crafted with the aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the importance of末端 delivery and distribution centers in the快递 service industry. It does not contain any promotional content or unrelated information, ensuring a pure and informative discussion of the subject.。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

物流配送中心设施及设备1 绪论当前世界经济发展的两大趋势是全球化和市场化。

经济腾飞、科技进步和信息革命，将世界经济带入前所未有的全球化和市场化的时代。

集物流、信息流和资金流于一身的物流配送中心，在这全球化和市场化的时代里，又进一步促进了世界经济和贸易的发展。

迈向２１世纪的国际物流技术的特征是信息化、网络化、智能化、柔性化、标准化和社会化。

科学的物流配送是实现电子商务的重要环节。

物流配送中心在物流业中作用极大，加速了商品流通，减少了商品损耗，降低了物流成本，提高了库存周转率，降低了超市连锁系统的采购、验货和入库费用，减少了仓库面积，节约了土地面积、人力和财力，提高了经营灵活性和工作效率。

1.1 工业CT传送装置的研制叶片传送装置是为检测叶片质量好坏的一套高度自动化装置。

该装置以可编程逻辑控制器PLC为控制核心，通过接近开关，及光电传感器检测得到的信号判断叶片托盘的位置，同时将信号反馈到PLC，再由PLC对采集到的信号进行分析判断，按照预先编制好的逻辑程序控制叶片传送带各电动机及液系统协调工作，使叶片托盘按既定程序停靠在指定检测区域。

由于叶片检测所使用射线对人体有害，所以我们采用远程控制的手段，操作房间与检测房间独立设置，使操作人员远离检测区域。

使用触摸屏替代传统的按钮，指示灯组成的操作面板，既方便操作，更改便捷，又方便触摸屏与PLC通讯，只需要一根通讯电缆即可完成对现场各装置的动作控制。

整套系统还使用安装了组态软件的工业控制计算机作为上位机，编制组态动画对现场叶片传送装置的动作进行形象模拟，通过与PLC实时通讯，掌握现场各环节动作情况，编制历史数据库，方便用户对工作量，故障分析等数据的查询。

机械部分则有传感器，传送带，液压三部分构成。

通过机械，电气，上位控制几个系统的协调工作，确保整套系统在要求的工艺下完成检测叶片的任务。

课题使用到了当今比较先进的控制、数据采集、机械制造等环节，。

项目中整合了PLC、触摸屏、组态软件、传感器、机械传送装置的设计、液压控制等机电一体化知识，通过技术手段使之结合到一起，最终实现了系统的协同工作。

通过改造旧有生产线，使用本文所设计的叶片传送装置大大提高了工厂的生产和检测效率，并且伴随着这种高度自动化设备的广泛使用，人力资源得到解放，降低了企业的生产成本。

1.2国内外研究现状目前国际上的自动化传送装置已经发展的极为成熟，在各大知名制造业的流水线上使用的都是各式各样的传送装置。

包括：冶金业，制造业，矿业，IT行业，纺织业等等行业中，传送装置起到了相当巨大的作用。

使用合适的传送装置会大大提高工厂的生产或检测效率，并且伴随着这种高度自动化设备的广泛使用，人力资源得到解放，降低了企业的成本。

国内外各传送装置有着同样的几个共性：(1)都具备一套或几套控制系统。

以控制系统为核心对传送装置进行综合操控，配合高精度机械手臂或自动化机器人或各种检测设备对成品或半成品进行检测或再加工。

(2)都具有一整套的监测传感器。

通过各种传感器，对位移，压力，流量，温度，速度等数据进行检测，将监测到的原始信号变送为可供计算机或控制系统识别的数字或模拟量信号，再将得到的信号交由控制系统或上位机进行分析处理。

(3)都具有传动或动力装置。

如：电动机，油泵等。

随着科学技术的发展，制造精度的提高，各生产厂商制造的控制器，传感器等设备的性能越来越高，传送装置的控制精度，传送效率必将得到进一步提高。

目前上位工控机也广泛使用到了传送装置的控制系统中，利用上位工控机强大的处理能力，可以实现复杂的算法，便于控制动作的可操作性。

利用高级语言编制程序，省时省力，且便于维护调试。

对现场工作情况可做数据记录，在需要时调历史数据库进行数据查询，方便回查，有利于编制更科学的工艺过程。

使用组态软件编制现场工作动画，使操作者更直观更快捷的了解现场实时工作情况。

2 物流机械设备2.1输送机系统分类输送机是按照规定路线连续地或间歇地运送散料物料和成件物品的搬运机械。

输送机系统是由两个以上输送机及其附件，组成一个比较复杂的工艺输送系统，完成物料的搬运、装卸、分拣等功能。

广泛应用于工厂企业的流水生产线、物料输送线；广泛应用于流通中心、配送中心物料的快速拣选和分拣。

2.1.1带式输送机定义：带式输送机是一种利用连续而具有挠性输送带连续地来输送物料的输送机。

用途：输送各种散状物料；在装配、检验、测试等生产线上输送单位质量不太大的成件物品。

分类：根据挠性输送带的不同，可分：织物芯胶带／织物芯PVC带／钢带／网带等。

织物芯又可分为棉帆布／尼龙帆布(NN)／聚酯尼龙交织帆布(EP)等。

2.1.2滚柱输送机定义：采用滚柱来取代辊道的输送机。

用途：结构简单，一般用于无动力驱动。

适用于成件包装货物或者整底面物料的短距离搬运。

2.1.3辊道输送机定义：辊道输送机是利用辊子的转动来输送成件物品的输送机。

它可沿水平或曲线路径进行输送，其结构简单。

安装、使用、维护方便，对不规则的物品可放在托盘或者托板上进行输送。

分类：按驱动方式分：无动力辊道输送机／动力辊道输送机（链传动／摩擦传动）。

按无动力辊道输送机的曲线段形式分：柱形辊子式／锥形辊子式／差速辊子式／短辊子差速式等。

按转撤装置的形式分：曲线段转撤／岔道分流／平面分流／小车转撤／直角转撤／回转台转撤／辊子输送机升降装置转撤等。

适用范围：滚筒输送机适用于各类箱、包、托盘等件货的输送，散料、小件物品或不规则的物品需放在托盘上或周转箱内输送。

能够输送单件重量很大的物料，或承受较大的冲击载荷，滚筒线之间易于衔接过滤，可用多条滚筒线及其它输送机或专机组成复杂的物流输送系统，完成多方面的工艺需要。

可采用积放滚筒实现物料的堆积输送。

滚筒输送机结构简单，可靠性高，使用维护方便。

辊筒的选择：1、滚筒的长度选择：不同宽度的货物应选适合宽度的滚筒，一般情况下采用“输送物+50mm”。

2、滚筒的壁厚及轴径选择：按照输送物的重量平均分配到接触的滚筒上，计算出每支滚筒的所需承重，从而确定滚筒的壁厚及轴径。

3、滚筒材料及表面处理：根据输送环境的不同，确定滚筒所采用的材质和表面处理（碳钢镀锌、不锈钢、发黑还是包胶）。

4、选择滚筒的安装方式：根据整体输送机的具体要求，选择滚筒的安装方式: 弹簧压入式, 内牙轴式, 全扁榫式, 通轴销孔式等。

对于弯道机的锥形滚筒，其滚面宽度及锥度视货物尺寸和转弯半径而定。

2.1.4链式输送机定义：链式输送机是利用链条牵引、承载，或由链条上安装的板条、金属网、辊道等承载物料的输送机。

分类：根据链条上安装的承载面的不同，可分：链条式/链板式/链网式/板条式/链斗式/托盘式/台车式，此外，也常与其他输送机、升降装置等组成各种功能的生产线。

2.1.5悬挂输送机定义：悬挂输送机属于链条（也可为钢索）牵引式的连续输送机。

用途：悬挂输送机是规模较大的工厂综合机械化输送设备，它广泛地应用于大量或者成批生产的工厂，作为车间之间和车间内部的机械化、自动化连续输送设备。

在汽车、家电、服装、屠宰、邮政等方面得到了广泛应用。

分类：根据牵引件和承载件的连接方式不同，可分：通用悬挂输送机（提式悬挂输送机）/推式悬挂输送机/拖式悬挂输送机/积放式悬挂输送机。

根据承载件的支撑方式不同可分：空中吊挂式/地面支撑式等。

3 自动化立体仓库系统的设计与实现3 绪论自动化立体仓库系统(Automated Storage and Retrieval System shorted forAS/RS)是现代物流系统的一个重要组成部分，广泛应用于各行各业中。

目前，它已经成为企业生产和管理信息化的标志之一。

自动化立体仓库在军事领域中同样具有很高的应用价值，是提高部队信息化毹；理水平、战斗力的有力保障。

自动化立体仓库是集机电、液压、通讯、PLC、计算机、数据库技术为一体的复杂的高度集成的智能系统。

本课题设计的自动化立体仓库采用分布式PLC控制液压和机电设备进行作业，使用丰富的传感器确保作业的准确性和安全性；组态王开发的上位机软件对其工作进行监控和指挥并用数据库记录库存信息，辅以基于无线通讯技术的摄像设备进行实时视频监控。

3．1自动化立体仓库(Automated storage／Retrieval system)3．1．1自动化立体仓库的定义自动化是现代物流技术发展的主要趋势，因此作为现代物流系统主要组成部分的自动化立体仓库在整个物流系统中占有非常重要的地位。

作为现代物流技术的典型代表，自动化立体仓库系统(AS／RS)能够按照指令自动完成货物的存取，并能对库存货物进行自动管理，完全实现自动化作业，该系统具有提升物流管理。

水平与物流运作效率、操作简单、能与ERP系统进行信息集成、节省占地面积、维护方便快捷等诸多优点。

自动化立体仓库丰要有以下部分组成：高层货架：用于存储货物的钢结构。

目前主要有焊接式货架和组合式货架两种基本形式。

托盘(货箱)：用于承载货物的器具，亦称工位器具。

巷道堆垛机：用于自动存取货物的设备。

按结构形式分为单立柱和双立柱两种基本形式；按服务方式分为直道、弯道和转移车三种基本形式。

输送机系统：立体库的丰要外围设备，负责将货物运送到堆垛机或从堆垛机将货物移走。

输送机种类非常多，常见的有辊道输送机，链条输送机，升降台，分配车，提升机机，皮带机等。

AGV系统：即自动导向小车。

根据其导向方式分为感应式导向小车和激光导向小车。

自动控制系统：驱动自动化立体库系统各设备的自动控制系统。

目前以采用现场总线方式为控制模式为主。

库存信息管理系统：亦称中央计算机管理系统。

是全自动化立体库系统的核心。

目前典型的自动化立体库系统均采用大型的数据库系统(如ORACLE，SYBASE等)构筑典型的客户机／服务器体系，可以与其他系统(如ERP系统等)联网或集成。

3．1．2自动化立体仓库的现状及发展趋势立体仓库的产生和发展是第二次世界大战之后生产和技术发展的结果。

50年代初，美国出现了采用桥式堆垛起重机的立体仓库；50年代末60年代初出现了司机操作的巷道式堆垛起重机立体仓库；1963年美国率先在高架仓库中采用计算机控制技术，建立了第一座计算机控制的立体仓库。

此后，自动化立体仓库在美国和欧洲得到迅速发展，并形成了专门的学科。

60年代中期，日本开始兴建立体仓库，并且发展速度越来越快，成为当今世界上拥有自动化立体仓库最多的国家之一。

我国对立体仓库及其物料搬运设备的研制开始并不晚，1963年研制成第一台桥式堆垛起重机(机械部北京起重运输机械研究所)，1973年开始研制我国第一座由计算机控制的自动化立体仓库(高15米，机械部起重所负责)，该库1980年投入运行。

到目前为止，我国自动化立体仓库数量己超过200座。

立体仓库由于具有很高的空间利用率、很强的入出库能力、采用计算机进行控制管理而利于企业实施现代化管理等特点，己成为企业物流和生产管理不可缺少的仓储技术，越来越受到企业的重视。