高中英语真题-词义猜测题 建议用时：15分钟

高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版1.The author uses the word "jubilant" in the passage. What does it mean?A.angryB.happyC.sadD.tired答案：B。

解析：在文章中可以通过作者描述的场景和氛围来猜测词义。

文中提到人们在庆祝活动中，脸上洋溢着笑容，由此可推断“jubilant”是高兴的意思。

选项A“angry”生气不符合庆祝活动的氛围；选项C“sad”悲伤也与场景不符；选项D“tired”疲惫同样不恰当。

2.In the story, the word "scurry" is mentioned. What's the meaning?A.walk slowlyB.run quicklyC.jump highD.stand still答案：B。

解析：根据上下文，文中描述小动物们在听到声音后迅速行动，可推测“scurry”是快速跑的意思。

选项A“walk slowly”走得慢与迅速行动不符；选项C“jump high”跳得高不相关；选项D“stand still”站着不动也不对。

3.The word "mellow" appears in the text. What does it mean?A.sharpB.softC.loudD.quiet答案：B。

解析：从文章中对音乐或氛围的描述可以推断“mellow”的意思。

文中提到音乐让人放松，氛围很温和，所以“mellow”是柔和的意思。

选项A“sharp”尖锐不符合；选项C“loud”大声不对；选项D“quiet”安静不准确。

4.The author writes about a "vivacious" person. What does "vivacious" mean?A.boringB.livelyC.shyD.calm答案：B。

篇章结构题建议用时：15分钟建议用时：15分钟A[2015·重庆一中一诊]The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem (生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great ex tent the builder of its environment. As a big planteater, it largel y shapes the forestandsavanna (稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting_the_terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat (栖息地)．It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a distur ber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must h ave every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerousopen spaces i n both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover p art of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numero us plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of o ther plant eaters.Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the sp reading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new pla nts to grow on the forest floor. In such situations，the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant eaters to m ove around and for small plant eaters to get their food as well. What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has b ecome an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, sc ientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.本文主要讲述的就是在非洲草原的生物链中大象的重要作用，它不断的寻找食物拓宽了其他动物的生存空间等。

1.正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。

2.英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义在不同的语境中会有所不同，能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。

3.阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来，这是阅读理解中经常检测的一种能力。

1. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测【典例1】（2020·山东卷C 篇节选）In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia , which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A Developing a serious mental disease.B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题。

考点15 阅读之词义猜测（解析版）【命题趋势】词义猜测题型是高考中必考题型，每年考察1-2题。

所以词义猜测题型也是考生需要复习的考点。

词义猜测，即阅读中的完形填空。

可以通过前后句子中的关键词寻找相对应的词。

只要找到方法，拿下词义猜测轻而易举。

当然，着需要我们掌握足够的词汇量才能游刃有余！【重要考向】一、了解词义猜测题型的基本设题方式和基本提示词；二、掌握词义猜测解题技巧；考向一【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇】When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?A. Acquire.B. Export.C. Destroy.D. Distribute.【参考答案】C词义猜测题。

解密15 阅读理解之词义猜测题词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。

【命题趋势】1.要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或成熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。

2.要求猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。

3.代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常考类型。

用＂逻辑关系梳理法＂、＂递向寻踪法＂理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。

【设问形式】1. The underlined word ＂…＂in the second(third…) paragraph refers to(means) ______.2. By saying that ＂…＂in the first(second…) paragraph, the au thor means that ______.3. In paragraph …, ＂…＂can be replaced by ＂______＂.4. The meaning of ＂…＂in paragraph… is related to ______.5. Which of the following has the closest meaning to…(paragraph…)?6. The underlined sentence in the … paragraph pro bably means that _____.对此类试题，考生应该进行大胆猜测，但这种猜测不是胡乱的，盲目的，而是有一定的方法和技巧。

下面介绍几种常见的猜测词义的方法供同学们加以运用。

一、相似法：利用同义词、近义词（词组）或相似的结构猜测词义。

专题一阅读理解第4讲词义猜测题[真题演练]A(2016·全国卷Ⅱ，阅读理解B)Five years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle，I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student，and said：“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes today—and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside．I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare，“But I'm just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when you're asleep？”“Oh，sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or i n a time machine or growing three heads.“That's pretty creative.Who does that for you？”“Nobody.I do it.”“Really—at night，when you're asleep？”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？”[语篇解读] 本文属于记叙文，作者通过让学生拼装玩具培养学生的创造性和想象力。

高考英语必考点妙解专题：猜测词义本类考题解答锦囊英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。

即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。

如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。

据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。

因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。

任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。

NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。

但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。

此类题的提问形式一般有：1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?2. The underlined word, means_______.3. The underlined phrase, means_______.4. Theun derlined sentence,means_______.利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：1.根据定义或解释猜测词义【例题】(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。

(2)A biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else 根据定义，biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。

(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy.2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。

►第17讲词义猜测题（讲义）【复习目标】明确命题规律和提问方式掌握不同题型的解题方法熟练代词的含义【考情分析】近三年新高考阅读理解词义猜测题细目表【网络构建】命题规律：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解试题中的必考题型, 可以是对一个单词意义的推断，也可以是对一个短语或句子的推断，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新意，可以考查替代词的内容。

在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语大多超出考纲的范围，需要根据语境进行推测其含义。

平时的训练中应当注意生词和短语的积累，还要掌握构词法，和一定的解题技巧。

题型和考查角度：1.猜测生词或熟词生义。

2.猜测短语的意义。

3.猜测代替词所替代的内容。

4.猜测句意。

命题方式：The phrase“...”in the sentence could be replaced by“”.The word “...”in the paragraph refer to“”.What is the meaning of the underlined word in the.. paragraph?Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase“...”?The word“...”most nearly means“”.The underlined sentence in the... paragraph implies that .解题技巧：1.定位文中画线处上下文。

2.理解上下文，查找提示点，根据背景、上下文等线索推测生词词义。

选项特征：1.根据定义推测词义：有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义，如线索词that is, or, namely, in other words, that is to say, to be more exact, to put it another way, which is等。

第03讲词义猜测题题型一单词或短语猜测题的考查1.（2024·浙江杭州·一模）The match was only interrupted by Di’s act for a short period. On the field, Argentina triumphed over Australia with a 2-0 win eventually, although the game was likely to be remembered for other reasons. ......What does the underlined word “triumphed over” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Competed against. B．Defeated.C．Conflicted with.D．Misunderstood.2.（2024·湖北高中名校大联考）......That’s wrong. Recitation allows students to experience a text as a living thing, ready to be taken up by a new generation. Committing a poem or speech to memory means stepping into the author’s shoes and pondering what he meant. Deciding which words to stress when reciting means thinking about what those words mean.What does the underlined word “pondering” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Learning from.B．Reflecting on.C．Bringing out.D．Arguing against.3.（2024·河南、山西大联考）......“Our work introduced the idea of a fourth traffic signal called a ‘white phase’, which taps into the computing power of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in order to expedite traffic at crossroads,” says Prof. Ali Hajbabaie, corresponding author of the paper. “Our research found that the more AVs there are on the road, the more efficiently the traffic moves. You’ll see less congestion (堵塞). To be clear, this improves travel time, fuel efficiency and safety for all of the cars.”What does the underlined word “expedite” in paragraph 2mean?A．Work out.B．Speed up.C．Put off.D．Hold back.4.（2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考）Going to the gym can take time and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely tiresome. Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps (组和次). In order to see any significant change from any exercise, it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, fora minimum of three sets, for about three months. For some, there’s nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill (跑步机).But what if there were a way to relieve the tedium of exercise while still getting a good workout? Luckily for us, there’s virtual reality..What does the underlined word “tedium” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?A．Boredom.B．Tiredness.C．Expense.D．Inconvenience.5.（2024·江西省重点中学协作体·模拟）The 36-year-old from Shanghai has broken the glass ceiling to become one of China’s first two female rescue helicopter pilots who respond to search and rescue missions involving cargo ship snags(货船遇险), vessel accidents, medical emergencies and special marine operations. The demanding nature of the profession had always favored male candidates until the rules were changed for the first and only time. She says, “Rescue at sea can be both challenging and terrifying. If you don’t think and act fast, people may die.”What do the underlined words “broken the glass ceiling” probably mean?A．Winning wide praise.B．Making a personal breakthrough.C．Disobeying rules of her career.D．Breaking barriers preventing women’s advancement.6.（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）To avoid conflicts, organizers have fenced in beaver-related projects. The beavers are not permitted to wander freely beyond the fences. The government has also put together a beaver management strategy framework, which advises communication and listening, in an effort to clear up misunderstandings and concerns. When beavers do cause issues, available options will be provided, including modifying the dams, reducing water levels, or relocating the animals.What does the underlined word “concerns” in paragraph 4 refer to?A．Worries about related costs.B．Doubts about beavers’ safety.C．Fears for species extinction.D．Anxieties over river pollution.7.（2024·河南郑州·二模）“Travelling to the Arctic leaves an unforgettable impression on the visitor. Its vast expanse and the fragility of its environment are two things that really blow away people,” said Cheryl Rosa, the director of the US Arctic Research Commission.The underlined part “blow away” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.A．defeat B．affect C．move D．impress（2024·江苏省兴化中学·模拟）“Children are affected by the same time crunch that affects their parents,” says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children’s timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and “male breadwinner” households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.)What does the underlined phrase “the same time crunch” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．Children have little time to play with their parents.B．Both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure time.C．Children are not taken good care of by their working parents.D．Both parents and children have trouble managing their time.9.（23-24高三·北京·开学考试）There are many arguments for and against the interview as a way of selection. The main argument against it is that it results in a wholly subjective decision. As often as not, employers do not choose the best candidate. They choose the candidate who makes a good first impression on them. Some employers, of course, reply to this argument by saying that they have become so experienced in interviewing staff that they are able to make a good assessment of each candidate’s likely performance.The underlined word “subjective” means “based on one’s ________ rather than facts”.A．personality B．character C．opinion D．ability10.（23-24高三·上海·阶段练习）The last few months had brought to my attention an important incompatibility between us — one that I’d never noticed before. Despite being a pair of lifelong travelers, Felipe and I seldom travel in a similar way. The reality about Felipe is that he’s both the best traveler I’ve ever met and by far the worst. The word “incompatibility” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to “_____”.A．harmony B．negotiation C．difference D．tension题型二代词指代题的考查1.（2024·福建福州·三模）These conservation efforts have taken different forms. In Beijing, a near-ruined templewas transformed into a restaurant and gallery, while in Nanjing, a cinema from the 1930s was restored to its original form, with some additions providing it for modern use. In 2019, Shanghai welcomed Tank Shanghai, an arts center built in renovated（重修的）oil tanks.What does the underlined word “it” in Para. 4 refer to?A．All original form.B．A new addition.C．A cinema.D．A temple.2.（2024·湖北黄冈·一模）French children 15 and under will no longer be allowed to bring smart devices to school. Lawmakers in France voted recently to ban all phones, tablets, and other Internet-connected devices from school grounds. The ban will start in September, “These days, the children don't play at break time anymore,” Jean-Michel Blanquer, France's education minister, said. “They are just all in front of their smartphones, and from an educational point of view, that's a problem. Some strict measures must be taken immediately.” A 2010 law bad already banned smartphones during "all teaching activity" in France. But the new rules say smartphones and tablets are not allowed even during breaks. Students who bring these digital devices to school have to keep them in their backpacks and turned off, If they want to call their parents, schools will help. However, the new law doesn’t forbid students to turn to them during extra-curricular activities. It also makes an exception for disabled students.What does the underlined word "them" in paragraph 1 refer to?A．Disabled students.B．Digital devices.C．Backpacks.D．Students' parents.3.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）The position of a bird’s head also plays a role in its hearing abilities. Scientists have determined that noises register at different frequencies on each side of the bird’s head. Depending on the angle from which the noise originates, it registers with a certain frequency in the left eardrum but with a different frequency in the right eardrum. This allows the bird to locate a sound’s origin.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 probably refer to?A．The angle of noise sources.B．The bird’s unique ear structure.C．The intensity of the sound around the bird.D．The difference in frequencies between the eardrums.4.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Allcove provides fully staffed safe spaces for teens and young adults to discuss and deal with their health, both mental and physical. Dr. Steven Adelsheim, a psychiatrist, who created the Allcove in 2014, said, “There is a crying need in the U.S. to reach kids with early intervention and help.” Sometimes a kid may come in with a physical complaint, and only after a few visits is the mental suffering brought out into the open. When that happens, Alcove can make a “warm handoff” to a mental health specialist onsite. Success, say Adelsheim and Cox, would mean the establishment of hundreds of Allcove centers up and down the state and, eventually, around the country.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph mean?A．The sense of mental suffering.B．Involvement of health experts.C．Complaints about physical suffering.D．The pressing call for assistance.A．The Earth.B．A spaceship.C．Chang'e 5.D．The Moon7.（2023年湖北武汉校考练习）Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns. Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”, and until now it has been hypothetical (假设的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals’ movements.What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?A．The opening for learning and practice.B．The unique living habit of Cory’s shearwaters.C．The way Cory’s shearwaters form their migration patterns.D．The process scientists track Cory’s shearwaters’ movements.题型三句意猜测题的考查1.（2024·江苏高三·模拟预测）Despite public health campaigns to highlight the many problems with sugary drinks, we drink them by the liters, about 42 liters per person a year. But, not everyone consumes them. Two new studies throw light on the fact that some of us are more vulnerable to the harms of sugary drinks than others.“Some of us are more vulnerable” underlined in paragraph 1 refers to people who ______.A．never drink soft drinks B．drink less soft drinksC．drink more soft drinks D．produce soft drinks2.（2024·天津实验中学·模拟）Even our fathers dropped their tools and joined us. Our mothers took their turn, laughing like schoolgirls. I think we were all beside ourselves. Parents forgot their duty and their dignity; children forgot their everyday fights and little jealousies. "Perhaps it's like this in the kingdom of heaven," I thought confusedly.It was growing dark before we all walked sleepily back to the house. I suppose we had some sort of supper. I suppose there must have been surface tidying-up, for the house on Sunday looked clean and orderly enough. The strange thing was, we didn't mention that day afterward. I felt a little embarrassed. Surely none of the others had been as excited as I. I locked the memory up in that deepest part of me where we keep "the things that cannot be and yet they are."By "we were all beside ourselves," the writer means that they all _________.A．felt confused B．looked onC．went wild with joy D．forgot their fights3.（2024·北京·三模）Modem technology has changed this. Either man will abolish war, or war will abolish man. For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in killing people, but by arbitration (通过仲裁) in accordance with agreed principles of law. It is not easy to change very old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Men, as well as war, will have to make the ultimate choice between the two.B．Modern technology has empowered man to choose whether to have war or not.C．At least 6,000 years later, man has finally decided to abandon war once and for all.D．People will eventually destroy themselves if they choose to go to war at modern times.4.（23-24高三·北京·期中）If you like reading, just come and look through the collection of books. Each grade will have its own week to bring in books. Right now, eighth grade is bringing in books. When every grade has brought in books, we will have quite a selection. You will probably find at least one new book that you’d like to read. Who knows? Maybe you’ll find a book so good that you won’t be able to put it down.What are you waiting for? Go home and clean out your bookshelves and closets!Which of the following words best describes Tony Hill?A．Realistic.B．Convincing.C．Independent.D．Ambitious.5.（2024·北京师大附中·模拟）Don’t put it off, do it now!Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning, which, if you’re not careful, becomes procrastination in itself. But it is worth making sure you have everything in place. “Successful people don’t pretend they don’t procrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “People who pretend they have willpower are less successful.” Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward.What does the author do by saying the underlined sentence?A．Encourage the reader to develop plans effectively.B．Advise the reader to deal with complex tasks quickly.C．Warn the reader against spending too long getting organized.D．Remind the reader to take the time to focus properly on a task.6.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for being lazy, you might even be shocked and angry. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance (不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.What does the underlined statement “it is all too monkey” mean in the first paragraph?A．Disliking unfairness is also monkeys’ nature.B．Monkeys have a reputation for laziness.C．Monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other.D．No animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.7.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）“As with all things, the secret to managing your finances like an adult is a constant strive for balance,” Waters says. “Have fun along the way, but don’t let the tail wag the dog.”What do the underlined words “don’t let the tail wag the dog” in the last paragraph mean?A．Don’t bite the hand that feeds you.B．Don’t put the cart before the horse.C．Don’t do one thing under the cover of anotherD．Don’t count the chicken before they are hatched.8.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life.......What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”?A．It is rewarding to learn new skills.B．Skiing has become his lifelong hobby.C．He will explore more with his daughter.D．His daughter will accompany him forever.题型阅读理解A（2024·河北·一模）California’s Water Resources Control Board recently approved new regulations in a unanimous (一致同意的) vote — toilet or shower wastewater will be recycled and pumped into the public drinking water system.In 2023, more than 97% of California has been in moderate to severe drought, while water suppliers are struggling to keep up. A 2022 water supply and demand report indicated that around 18% of water suppliers were at risk of facing potential shortages. “The reality is that anyone out there on Mississippi River and on Colorado River, and anyone out there taking drinking water downstream is already drinking ‘toilet to tap’,” said Esquivel, a director of the Board.Early in the 1990s, the state was struggling to overcome the distaste its residents had toward drinking recycled water. Their efforts fizzled out when the phrase “toilet to tap” caught on and met with fierce resistance. The idea became too unpopular to be implemented. Despite the negative name, the regulations are the key to ensuring the supply of drinking water.California’s new regulations would let water agencies to treat wastewater, and then put it back into the drinking water system. It has taken officials more than 10 years to develop these regulations, a process that included several studies by independent groups of scientists. To put the scheme into effect and build huge water recycling plants, however, water agencies say they will need to prove to people that recycled water is not only safe to drink but also under monitoring.The new regulations require the wastewater be treated for all bacteria and viruses. In fact, the treatment is so intense that it removes all of the minerals that make fresh drinking water taste good. That means the minerals need to be added back at the end of the process. “What we have here are standards, science, and importantly monitoring that allow us to have safe pure water, and probably better in many instances,” said Esquivel. He added that it takes time and money to build these treatment centers. So, they will only be available for bigger cities at first.1．What is the purpose of paragraph 2?A．To highlight the current severe climate crisis in California.B．To describe the role of California’s new water regulations.C．To reveal the distribution of water resources in California.D．To show the urgency of water supply reform in California.2．What does the underlined phrase “fizzled out” in paragraph 3 mean?A．Failed.B．Worked.C．Stood out.D．Paid off.3．What is critical for water agencies to conduct the recycling wastewater project?A．Policies from the government.B．The recognition by the public.C．Scientific research on wastewater.D．The construction of recycling plants.4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．The minerals will be preserved in the treatment.B．The treatment centers will be built in rural areas.C．The recycled water seems to be of better quality.D．Bacteria will be produced in the treating process.B（23-24·湖南株洲一中·期末）Geologists have long been fascinated by a missing piece of Earth’s history — a lost continent called Argoland. Around 155 million years ago, the 5,000-kilometer continent broke off from Western Australia and began drifting(漂移), leaving behind a basin deep below the ocean known as the Argo Abyssal Plain. But where did Argoland actually go?The seabed structure suggests that the continent drifted northwestward and ended up Southeast Asia. But surprisingly, there is no large continent hidden beneath those islands, only small continental fragments(碎片) surrounded by ancient oceanic basins. Using this theory, geologists at Utrecht University discovered that Argoland hadn’t really disappeared but survived as a “very extended and fragmented collection” under the islands to the east of Indonesia.Unlike other continents like Africa and South America, which broke neatly into two pieces, Argoland split into many smaller fragments that were dispersed, which made it difficult for scientists to locate and study the continent’s geological features. However, with advanced technology and the discovery, scientists can now piece them together.Tracing the continents is vital for understanding processes like the evolution of biodiversity. It could help explain something known as the mysterious Wallace line, which is an imaginary boundary that separates mammals, birds, and even early human species in Southeast Asian islands. The boundary has puzzled scientists because of how clearly it separates the island’s wildlife. To the west of the line are placental mammals like apes and elephants. But these are almost completely absent to the east, where you can find marsupials and cockatoos — animals typically associated with Australia. Researchers have theorized that this may be because Argoland carried its own wildlife away from Australia before it crashed into Southeast Asia, which helps explain why different species are found in different nations.The story of Argoland is not one of complete disappearance but of transformation. As the world continues to evolve, this lost continent serves as a powerful symbol of the fragility of life on this planet, and a reminder of the importance of respecting and protecting the world that we live in.5．What do we know about Argoland?A．It split into two pieces many years ago.B．It broke away from the continent of Africa.C．It sank to the bottom of the Argo Abyssal Plain.D．It exists as fragments under the eastern islands of Indonesia.6．What does the underlined word “dispersed” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Crashed.B．Connected.C．Distributed.D．Disappeared.7．Why does the author mention the “Wallace line” in paragraph 4?A．To introduce the early history of Argoland.B．To stress the significance of tracing Argoland.C．To prove the biodiversity of Southeast Asian islands.D．To explain the evolutionary process of Australian species.8．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．The Discovery of a Lost Continent B．The Boundaries of Wildlife HabitatsC．The Geological Features of Argoland D．The Formation of the Argo Abyssal Plain1.（2024年全国甲卷B篇）Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it!Which best explains the phrase "take. . . up notch" in paragraph 3?A. Perform appropriately.B. Move faster.C. Act strangely.D. Do better.2.（2024年新高考I卷C篇）When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean?A Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain..C. Become ready to use.D. Become easy to notice.3.（2024年新高考II卷D篇）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady intothe understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making fora guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. If read by someone poorly educated.B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.C. If written by someone less competent.D. If translated by someone unacademic.4.（2023年全国甲卷B篇）between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.10. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Understand.B. Paint.C. Seize.D. Transform.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe! Safe! Safe！” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.9．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe！” probably mean?A．Be careful! B．Well done!C．No way! D．Don't worry!8.（2022年全国乙卷C篇）Money with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”What does the expression “Money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean?A．Money spent without hesitation.B．Money not legally made.C．Money offered without conditions.D．Money not tied together.10.（2020年新高考I卷C篇）In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A．Developing a serious mental disease.B．Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.C．Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.D．Writing an article about the Aral Sea.。