语言与社会论文英文
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语言与社会论文英文
摘要
以中国和英语国家对待花卉的不同态度为根据，对花卉的文学作品表现和文化内涵进行分析，总结差异出现的原因。事实上，造成此差异主要因为中西方对花卉的理解方法不同：西方国家承袭古希腊罗马文化，花卉的寓意更多来自传说；中国文化则含蓄内敛，崇尚寄情草木以抒怀。中西方文化从根源上便完全不同，通过对两者于花卉的不同态度入手，可以以小见大地探知差异一隅。进而推及语言与社会的其他方面，便于双方的文化交流与发展。
关键词：态度；花卉寓意；古希腊罗马神话
Abstract
On the basis of the different attitudes towards flowers in
Chinese culture and western culture, the samples of flowers from
literary works and cultural connotation were analyzed carefully
to find out the causes. As a matter of fact, the major cause of the
differences is the basic method that Chinese and westerners use
to understand flowers: western countries adopted the ancient
Roma and Greek culture so that their flowers were mainly judged
by the ancient Roma and Greek Mythology; Chinese culture is
more restraining and implied so that people often express
themselves through plants. Chinese culture and western culture
are different naturally and essentially. The tip of the iceberg of
the great discrepancy between two cultures can be detected
through the effort made in flowers. And the conclusion can be
used on deducing other aspects in society then. And such efforts
can be helpful for the intercultural communications and
developmental.
Key words: attitudes, connotations of flowers, the ancient Roma and Greek Mythology
Outline
Title: An Intercultural Approach to the Different Attitudes
towards Flowers.
Thesis Statement: Dissimilarities in Chinese culture and
Western culture are reflected in the two people’s differential
attitudes towards flowers.
1.Introduction
Different flowers have different meanings; certain flower has
different meaning in different cultures at the same time. Chinese
culture and western culture have different attitudes towards
flowers.
2.Different meanings of certain flower
2.1 Poppy’s meanings
2.2 Narcissus’ meanings
2.3 Rose’s meanings
3. Different attitudes towards flowers
3.1 Attitudes towards poppy
3.2 Attitudes towards narcissus
3.3 Attitudes towards rose
4. Source of western flowers’ meanings
4.1 Fairy tales
4.1.1 Ancient Greek mythology
4.1.2 Religious works
4.2 Literary works
4.2.1 Poems
4.2.2 Master pieces
4.3 Historical events
4.3.1 Positive events
4.3.2 Negative events 4.4 Plants’ features
4.4.1 Appearance
4.4.2 Growth habit
5. Conclusion
Chinese culture and western culture understand flowers in
different way. Chinese culture concentrates more on what flower
itself shows while western culture judges flowers
for some external season. The attitudes towards certain
flower can be influenced bi-directionally.
Bibliography
John, McCrae. 1915. Punch
John, Gower. 1390. Confessio Amantis
Shelley.1820. The Sensitive Plant
周末,1991 ,《罂粟花》,《长江》丛刊(1991第四期
陈景沂，宋，《全芳备祖》
张爱玲，1996，《红玫瑰与白玫瑰》
1. Introduction
Time goes by, everything changes. But things like language
keep crucial all the time. To be highly social species on earth,
human being benefits so much from language that language will
never fell and will surely go forward with human society. There is
a series of noun that exist in language not only to be a name, but
to express something special. That’s the names of flowers.
Flowers are seen everywhere. Been used in both physical way
and abstract way, flowers decorates peoples rooms, festivals,
especially, language and literature. Specific flower expresses
certain information in certain situation. And different flowers
have different meanings; certain flower has different meaning in
different cultures at the same time. Chinese culture and western
culture have different attitudes towards flowers. Therefore, flowers play different roles in Chinese and western language and
literature. Such differences that are mostly expressed in daily
talks and literary works show how Chinese and western people
treat and consider things differently. The study of their sources
shows how cultures can be different as the result of social and
historical aspects.
1.Different attitudes towards flowers
1.1Attitudes towards poppy
In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place; and in the sky
The larks, still bravely singing, fly
Scarce heard amid the guns below.
We are the Dead. Short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved and were loved, and now we lie
In Flanders fields.
Take up our quarrel with the foe:
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high.
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, though poppies grow
In Flanders fields.(John McCrae，1915)
Canadian soldier John McCrae wrote the poem in 1915.
“Poppy lady”Moina Michael firstly made poppy a symbol of the
fallen soldiers in the First World War in 1918. Poppy, fully
