whenwhileassince引导时间状语从句的区别
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英语八类状语从句的用法归纳-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1英语八类状语从句的用法归纳一、概说状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。
按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。
状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。
学习状语从句主要应注意引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别,以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。
二、时间状语从句1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多,常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。
2.表示“当…时候”的 while, when, as 的用法区别是:while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词;表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时,只能用 when;当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时,只能用 as。
另外,用于此义的 as 所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词,不能是状态动词。
如下面一道高考题的答案是 B 而不能是A:“I’m going to the post office.” “_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps”A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If3. until 在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词,表示相应动作结束的时间;在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词,表示相应动作开始的时间,意为“直到…才”。
如:He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。
I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。
4.表示“一…就”除用 as soon as 外,还可用 the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。
英语连词的用法As一.As 用作连词的用法:1. as用作连词引导时间状语从句①as与when,while都是引导时间状语从句的从属连词,含义都是"当……的时候"。
但它们有区别:用when时,从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生,也可以先于主句的动作发生;用while时,从句的动作为一过程,主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生;用as时,主句和从句的动作同时发生,具有延续的含义。
例如:(1)It was snowing when he arrived at the construction site.他到达工地时,天正在下雪。
(2)He was watching TV while his mother was cooking.他母亲做饭时他在看电视。
(3) You will grow wiser as you grow older.你会随着年龄的增长而越来越聪明。
②when作"当……的时候"解,可以指较短的(一点)时间,也可指一段时间。
如:When he was at college, he could speak several foreign languages.When the clock struck twelve, all the lights in the street went out.③while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词同时发生。
如:Work while you work. Play while you play.④但属下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。
A) 用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指"一边……,一边……"。
如:The girl dances as she sings on the stage.He looked behind from time to time as he went forward.B)表示两个同步发展的动作或行为,译为"随着……"。
八种状语从句状语从句在句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。
按其作用和意义可分为时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、比较八种。
下面对这八种从句的要点加以总结。
一、各类状语从句的引导词及易混词的区别。
1. 时间状语从句1) 引导词(1)表示“当……时候”:when, while, as, whenever(2)表示“一……就……”:as soon as(3)其它:after, before, since, until, by the timeWhenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。
I want to see him as soon as he arrives. 他一来我就要见他。
I went to bed after I finished my homework. 我做完家庭作业之后才睡觉。
2) 易混引导词when, while, as 的区别when既可指“时间点”,与瞬时动词连用,也可指“时间段”,与延续性动词连用(这时可与while互换)。
如:When he came in, his mother was cooking. 他进来时,他妈妈正在烧饭。
When(While)we were at school, we went to the library every day. 我们在校求学时,每天都到图书馆去。
while 只表示时间段,因此while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。
Please don' t talk so loud while others are talking. 别人在工作时,切勿大声讲话。
as 与when 用法相似,但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生,有“随着……”或“一边……一边……”之意。
She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。
As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长,你获得的知识就越多。
状语从句中的when,while,as⽤法汇总状语从句中的when, while和as的⽤法⼀.when,while,as在时间状语从句中的区别:①三者均可表⽰“当……的时候”,如果主句表⽰的是短暂的动作,⽽从句表⽰的是⼀段时间,三者可通⽤。
如:I met Kang Li as/when/while I was walking along the street.当我沿街散步时碰见了康丽。
②when可以和延续性动词连⽤,也可以和短暂性动词连⽤;⽽while和as只能和延续性动词连⽤。
如:It was snowing when we got to the airport.当我们到达机场时,天正下着雪。
(不能⽤while)③as强调主句与从句表⽰的动作同时发⽣,as常表⽰“随着……”;“⼀边……,⼀边……;while强调主句表⽰的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内;when 可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发⽣。
如:As the time went on,the weather got worse.(as表⽰“随着……”之意)He sang as he went along.他边⾛边唱。
Please write while I read.我读的时候,请写下来。
When he reached home,he had a little rest.回到家后,他休息了⼀会⼉。
④when⽤于表⽰“⼀……就……”的句型中(指过去的事情)。
somebody had hardly(=scarcely)done …when...=Hardly /Scarcely had somebody done …when...①I had hardly /scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.=Hardly /Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.我刚⼀闭上眼,就有⼈在敲门了。
中考英语重要语法点之时间状语从句在复合句中,由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。
时间状语从句通常由when, while, as,after,before,since,until等词引导。
一、时间状语从句种类1、引导的从句表示主从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作在主句之前。
when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词。
例如:When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时,我停止吃饭。
(瞬时动词)When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时,我常常为他担水。
(延续性的动词)We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开,就在那时他进来了。
2、While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。
并且while有时还可以表示对比。
例如:While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词,was reading和was watching同时发生) I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮球。
(对比)3、As表示“一边……一边”,as引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生;as也可以强调“一先一后。
例如:We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。
(as 表示“一边……一边”)As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时,开始下雪了。
(as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定时间)4、由before和after引导的时间状语从句,表示两个动作一前一后发生。
她总会寻求我的帮助。
He was fond of swimming when (he was) yet a child. 他还是孩子时,就喜欢
游泳。
He cut himself while (he was) shaving. 他在刮胡子时刮伤了自己。
4.在when和while引导的时间状语从句中,当主句和从句的主语不一致,但
是属于泛指意义的代词you时,从句中的主语和be动词也可省略。
例如:When (you are) in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。
A good way to master English is to spend holidays in English speaking coun-tries, and while (you are) there, talk to native speakers. 掌握英语的一个好方法是
在说英语的国家度假,当你在那里时,与英语母语人士多交谈。
5.在when和while引导的时间状语从句中,当从句和主句的主语不一致,但
是从句主语和主句中的宾语一致时,从句中的主语和be动词也可省略。
例如:He told me to remain silent when (I was) not asked. 当(我)没有被问到时,
他告诉我保持沉默。
She told her son not to talk while (he was) eating. 她告诉她儿子在(他)吃饭
时不要说话。
7。
when、while、as引导时间状语从句的区别这三个词的意思很简单,都有“当……时候”的意思。
但学生经常会问三个词的区别在哪儿,特别是在做选择题的时候。
别说是学生,就我个人而言,做这样的选择题要保证百分之百的正确也是不可能的。
现根据大量的实例和个人的思考,做一点小结,供大家参考。
一、when 的用法如果只从现象来看,when从句用的最多的是一般过去时,而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。
When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。
when she came into my room I was just reading a book.她走进我房间时,我正在看书。
Were you writing when the teacher came in?老师进来的时候,你在写信吗?Sorry,I was out when you called me.对不起,你打电话来的时候我出去了。
He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.他正要走,这时有人敲门。
I thought of it just when you opened your mouth.就在你要说话的时候,我也想到了。
I had hardly[scarcely] closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我刚一闭上眼,就有人在敲门了。
根据以上的例句,我们可以总结出一点:when从句的A事件,相当于另一个事件B发生的时间点。
也就是说,when从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态,而只是把它作为一个时间点,所以when多数情况下用的是一般过去时,则不用正在进行时。
因为如果用正在进行时,它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。
主从复合句(状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句)【考点分析】状语从句1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别;2.名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time 等用作连词,引导的时间状语从句;3.before,和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型;4.till和until的用法;5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法;6.结果状语从句中“so…that”与“such…that”的区别;7.条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法;8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法;9. in case引导的状语从句;10.where引导的状语从句;11.once引导的状语从句。
12.与祈使句、定语从句、名词从句、倒装句以及与强调句型的混合考查。
名词从句1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别;2.名词从句的语序和时态;3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况;4.宾语从句的否定转移;5.whether和if的用法区别;6.what在名词性从句中的使用;7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用;8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别;9.连接词that的省略;定语从句1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别;2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别;3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别;4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查;5. such…as与such…that的区别;the same…as与the same…that的区别;6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查;7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略;8.含有插入语的定语从句;9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。
Adverbial Clause of Time:(时间状语从句)常用连接词:when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, every time, each time, the moment, immediately, the minute, the second…一.when, while, asWhen:从句的谓语可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词;主/从句的动作同时发生或先后发生。
When I opened the window, I saw him come up.When I was leaving the house, the postman arrived.While:从句谓语是延续性动词;主/从句的动作同时发生,侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。
While we were talking, he came in.Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.As:从句谓语是延续性动词;主/从句的动作同时发生或一个动作紧接着另一个动作发生。
As I was going out, it began to rain.区别:1.可以互换:如果主句是非延续性动词,而从句是延续性动作的进行时态并表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时,三者可互换。
When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.2. 不可互换;♣从句动作发生在主句动作之前时,只用whenWhen you have finished your work, you may have a rest.♣.表示“随着……”,只用asAs the election approached, the violence got worse.♣当表示“然而”,只用whileHe likes pop music, while I like classical music.二.as soon as, once,no sooner… than…,hardly…..when……,the moment, immediately, the minute, the second, 大概意思都翻译为“一…..就……”,重点讲解前四个。