中考英语常考易错点专题讲练完成句子和句子翻译含复习资料解析

2019-2020 年中考英语常考易错点专题二十二完成句子和句子翻译知清1. It's+ adj .+for sb.+to do sth.某人来做某事怎么 , 如 :It is dangerous for children to play in the street.孩子在街上玩是很危的。

2. It's time for sth.是干某事的了 ;It's time(for sb.)to do sth.干某事了。

如 :①It's time for the meeting.开会了。

②It's time for us to go to school.我上学了。

3. It takes sb. some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些。

sb. spend some time/money on sth./(in)doing sth.某人花 ( 金 ) 在某事上 /花 ( 金 ) 干某事。

sth. cost sb. some money某事花某人一些pay some money for sth.某事 ( 物 ) 付 , 如 :①It took me two hours to write the letter.写封信花了我两小的。

②He spends half an hour(in)reading English every morning.他每天早上花半小英。

③He spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小做家。

④The bike cost me 500.自行花了我500元。

yuan⑤I spent 500yuan on the bike.我自行花了500 元。

⑥I paid 500yuan for the bike.我花了 500 元自行。

重要提示 :cost主一般物;spend, pay主一般人。

初中中考英语必考易错题含答案解析1、Butter and cheese ______ in priceA.has gone upB.is gone upC.have gone upD.are gone up【解析】黄油和奶酪的价格已经涨了。

用完成时。

黄油和奶酪并列主语，用复数，答案为C。

and 连接的名词作主语，指两个人或物时，谓语动词用复数。

2、 ---He seems _____ ill Shall we take him to the hospital right now? ---I don’t thinkit matters Maybe he’s caught a bit of a coldA. terribleB. terriblyC. evenD. to be terrible【解析】seem+形容词“好像是”ill “病了”用副词修饰。

答案为B. even修饰形容词/副词比较级。

3、---Will you please show me how to operate the new machine? ---Sure It’s a piece of cakeNow let me tell you _____ to do firstA.whatB.howC.whetherD.when【解析】缺do的宾语。

答案为A。

让我告诉你首先做什么。

4、----The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost mu ch ---- Let me have a try So _____A.it isB.it doesC.does itD.is it【解析】的确如此用it代替 pen，write是行为动词，答句用does 答案为B。

5、---Would you like ______ some fruit? ---No thanks I don’t feel like _____ anything nowA.to have,to eatB.having, to eatC. to have , eatingD. having ,eating【解析】would you like to do sth.委婉询问对方的意愿“是否想要做什么....”可以排除B.D .而feel like +名词/动名词，表示“觉得好像....” 答案为C。

简单句易错清单一、陈述句的否定结构1. 含有have的否定句(1) have当“拥有,所有”讲时,其否定形式有两种。

如:I have an e-dictionary. 我有一个电子词典。

可改为:I don't have an e-dictionary. (√)I have not an e-dictionary. (√)(2) have作“吃、喝、玩、度过”讲时,其否定形式借助于助动词do。

如:I had milk for breakfast this morning. (变否定句) →I didn't have milk for breakfast this morning.(3) have为助动词时,其否定形式为haven't。

如:I have visited Diaoyu Island. (变否定句) →I haven't visited Diaoyu Island.2. 注意以下几种情况:(1)含有all, both, each, every, both...and...等的肯定句加not变为否定句后,只表示部分否定;若表示全部否定,则需分别用no, no one, nobody, none, neither, neither...nor...等词替换上述词。

如:Both Mary and Joan are students→Neither Mary nor Joan is a student.(2)含有already (已经),too (也)的肯定句加not变为否定句时,要分别把already和too改为yet和either。

如:He has already seen the movie. (变为否定句) →He hasn't seen the movie yet.I want to go for a picnic, too. (变否定句) →I don't want to go for a picnic,either.(3)含有almost, many, much, often等词的肯定句可直接用never (hardly),few, little, seldom变为否定句,而不用加not。

名词易错清单1. information,message,news(1) information作“信息”解,通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。

它侧重内容,是不可数名词。

如:They must find out some information about planes to Kunming as quickly as possible.他们必须尽快查到有关飞往昆明班机的信息。

(2)news作“新闻”解,一般指通过广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体向大众发布的社会各方面的最新消息,它侧重一个“新”字,是不可数名词。

如:There's a piece of interesting news in today's newspaper. 在今天的报纸上有一条有趣的消息。

No news is good news.没消息就是好消息。

(3)message作“音信”解,一般指口头传递的或书写的“消息”,是可数名词。

如:She often sends messages to me with her mobile phone.她经常给我发手机短信。

2. noise,voice,sound(1) sound “声音”,为最常用词,指可以听到的任何声音,强的,弱的,令人愉快的或不愉快的,有意义的或无意义的。

如:I was reading last night,when suddenly I heard a sound in the next room.昨晚我正看书时,突然听到隔壁房间有声音。

(2) noise 常指太响或人们不愿听到的声音,“嘈杂声、喧闹声”。

如:The boys made too much noise.孩子们太吵闹了。

(3) voice 指“说话声”“唱歌声”“嗓音”如:That sounds like Mary's voice. 那声音听起来好像玛丽的声音。

数词易错清单1. 确数和约数(1)当我们说“几百”、“几千”这样一些确数时,“百”、“千”是不能用复数形式的。

结构是:数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名词复数如:five hundred五百;three thousand三千;two million两百万;six billion六十亿。

(2)当hundred,thousand,million加上s后,它们就成了概数,表示“数百”、“数千”、“数百万”等概念。

而且通常接of,表示“成百的”,“数以千计的”,“成千上万的”,“亿万的”等。

结构是:hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of+名词复数。

如:hundreds of new tall buildings数以百计的新高楼;thousands of students数以千计的学生;millions of people数以百万计的人。

2. 数词和冠词的关系(1)一般情况下,序数词前要加定冠词the,但基数词前不加冠词。

如:He failed in the first try. 他第一次尝试失败了。

My number is forty-nine.我的号码是49。

(2)a/an+序数词,表示“又一、再一”。

如:The monkey ate a second banana.这只小猴又吃了一根香蕉。

(3)of the+基数词,表示“范围”。

如:You can choose a toy of the two as a birthday present.你可以在这两个玩具中选一个作为生日礼物。

3. “数词+more”与“another+数词”(1) 表“另外的”接复数名词,如与具体数词连用,则置于数词之后,但与定冠词the连用时,other要放在数词前。

如:Mr Smith asked me to fetch another three CDs.史密斯先生让我再拿三张CD。

初中中考英语必考易错题含答案解析1、 ---Here is a piece of paper for you! ---Oh, thanks It’s for me to write a long letter onA. big enoughB. enough largeC. small enoughD. enough small【解析】enough 足够的,修饰形容词时放在形容词后面。

根据题意，答案为A。

足够大才能写。

2、---Something is wrong with the car ---Don’t worryI’ll have it _______ soonA.fixedB.mending C .to repair D. to fix【解析】have 后面接过去分词作宾语补足语，过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。

后面接不带to的不定式作宾补，表示让某人做某事接现在分词作宾补，表示让.......一直做某事答案为A。

3、I haven’t got a chair ______ Will you make room for me?A. to sitB. to sit inC. for sittingD. sitting on【解析】sit是不及物动词，AC可排除。

因为椅子有扶手，要用 sit in。

答案为B。

4、 ---You must what I have done for you before you leave ---Well, how much doesit_____? Is dollars enough?A. pay for, costB. pay, spendC. spend, pay forD. pay, cost【解析】为某事支付用pay for. 某事花费多少钱，用cost。

spend 一般由人作主语。

答案为A。

5、---Shall we leave for home now? ---No, I ______ here until Tom comes backA.won’t waitB.will leaveC.will waitD. won’t stay【解析】C为我将等，直到TOM回来。

现在完成时现在完成时知识精讲一、现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。

二、句子结构主语+ has/have + done (过去分词)三、基本用法四、时间状语1. yet (常用于否定或疑问句中), already (常用于肯定句中)2. since+过去时间点/过去时的从句（译为：自从…以来）3. for+时间段4. just, so far, recently, never, ever, twice…5. in the past / last few days五、动词过去分词的规则变化六、动词过去分词的不规则变化：七、相关句式八、瞬间动词和延续性动词之间的转换：在完成时中，一个瞬间动词不能直接与表示一段时间的状语(for, since等)连用。

此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词：例：The film began five minutes ago.---The film has been on for five minutes.---It has been five minutes since the film began.用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词1. “ be＋married”代替marry2. “be＋ill”代替fall (get) ill3. “be＋dead”代替die4. “be＋asleep”代替fall (get) asleep5. “be＋awake”代替wake/wake up6. “be＋gone”代替lose, die, sell, leave7. “be＋open”代替open8. “be closed”代替close/shut用“be＋副词”代终止性动词1. “be＋on”代替start, begin2. “be＋up”代替get up3. “be＋back(to)”代替return to, come back to, go back to4. “be here (there)”代替come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there等等用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词1.”be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.”用be in the army”代替join the army3.”be in/at +地点”代替move to三点剖析一、考点：现在完成时的基本用法和时间状语；以及动词过去分词的变化规则。

初中中考英语必考易错题含答案解析1、----Do you have any fun ______ together with the small children? ----Yes I’ve experienced nothing other than pleasureA.to beB. beC. beingD. Are【解析】have fun doing sth.做某事很开心。

答案为C。

2、Be careful when the streetA. to crossB. crossC. you crossD. you’ll cross【解析】当你通过马路时要当心。

用一般现在时，答案为C。

3、 ---I’m too busy_______ to my family often ---Why not call them instead?A. writingB. to writeC. writtenD. write【解析】too....to 太....而不能......我太忙而不能经常给我家里人写信。

答案为B。

4、---Are you learning art now during your spare time? ----No I’ve stopped _____ Chinese medicine insteadA.to learnB.learningC.droppingD.to give up【解析】你现在在空闲时间学习艺术吗？---不，我已经停止了，在学中医。

stop to do 和stop doing 分别表示“停下来去做某事”和“停止做某事”答案为A。

5、A fool has gained nothing from the time ______, for he ______ nothingA.passing;has paidB.passed;has been paidC.passing;has been paidD.passed;has paid 【解析】时间流逝，这个傻瓜没有获得任何东西，因为他也并未付出任何东西他也并未付出任何东西”是主动的，并非“被付出”（be paid）,所以排除B、C，而the time passed表示已经流逝的时间。

动词被动语态易错清单1. 主动结构表被动(1)open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可以用主动语态表被动意义。

如:Mo Yan's novels sell well. 莫言的小说很好卖(销路好)。

(2)表示感觉的连系动词如feel,look,smell,sound,taste等后跟表语时,总是用其主动结构表达被动意义,它们不能用于被动语态。

如:The table feels smooth.这张桌子摸起来很光滑。

(3)在be worth doing中,doing表被动意义。

The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。

(4)want/need/require+doing相当于want/need/ require +to be done。

如:The library needs cleaning.=The library needs to be cleaned. 图书馆需要打扫了。

2. 不用被动语态的情况(1)当谓语是表示状态或特征的及物动词时,不用被动语态。

这样的及物动词有have,become,cost,reach,sell,arrive,fit,hold,own,suit等。

如:We have a good teacher.我们有一位好老师。

The classroom holds 80 students.这间教室容纳80个学生。

(2)及物动词的宾语为反身代词、相互代词、非谓语动词、同源宾语时,都没有被动语态。

如:The boy taught himself English. 这男孩自学英语。

We help each other. 我们互相帮助。

(3)当主动句的宾语是不定式时,很少用于被动语态。

如:She likes to swim. 她喜欢游泳。

3. 被动语态与系表结构的区别动词“be+过去分词”这一结构既可以是被动语态,也可以是系表结构。

完成句子和句子翻译知识清单1. It's+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 对某人来说做某事怎么样,如:It is dangerous for children to play in the street. 孩子们在街上玩是很危险的。

2. It's time for sth. 是干某事的时间了;It's time(for sb.)to do sth. 该干某事了。

如:①It's time for the meeting. 该开会了。

②It's time for us to go to school. 我们该上学了。

3. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干某事花某人一些时间。

sb. spend some time/money on sth./(in)doing sth. 某人花时间(金钱)在某事上/花时间(金钱)干某事。

sth. cost sb. some money 某事花某人一些钱pay some money for sth. 为某事(物)付钱,如:①It took me two hours to write the letter. 写这封信花了我两小时的时间。

②He spends half an hour(in)reading English every morning. 他每天早上花半小时读英语。

③He spends one hour on the housework every day. 他每天花一小时做家务。

④The bike cost me 500 yuan. 这辆自行车花了我500元。

⑤I spent 500 yuan on the bike. 我买这辆自行车花了500元。

⑥I paid 500 yuan for the bike. 我花了500元买这辆自行车。

重要提示:cost主语一般为物;spend, pay主语一般为人。

初中中考英语必考易错题含答案解析1、 ---How long ____ you ____a fever? ---Ever since last nightA. have, gotB. have, hadC. have, caughtD. did, have【解析】根据后面的since我们可以判断要用完成时。

而get,catch等瞬间动词在完成时中不能与for,since引导的时间状语连用，答案是B.2、A third of the population of the city _______ their own carsA.hasB.haveC.hadD.is【解析】population做主语时，如果主语表示人口的百分之几，几分之几时，谓语动词用复数。

答案为B。

3、 ---How many English words had you learned _____ the end of last term? ---Around , but I’ve forgotten most o f themA. byB. atC. toD. on【解析】By the end of 到....为止如果后面接将来时间，主句用将来时，如果后面是现在时间，主句用现在完成时，如果是过去时间，主句用过去完成时。

At the end of “在...尽头”后面接时间时，一般用过去时或将来时。

答案为A。

4、 ---Excuse me, but I don’t think you can take photos here ---Sorry I ____ this is no-photo zoneA. don’t knowB. didn’t knowC. have no ideaD. haven’t known【解析】根据题目意思可看出对方是以前不知道这里是不允许照相的区域，用过去时，答案为B。

5、______ Yancheng today is more beautiful now MrJackson said he would visit it ______ fourth timeA.The;/B.The;theC./;aD.The;a【解析】因为这里的“盐城”是特指“现在的盐城”(The Yancheng today)，所以可以说 the Yanchenga fourth 再一次，说明以前已经来了3次了，还计划来一次，就是第4次。

初中中考英语必考易错题含答案解析1、Mr Green living in China though he was born in LondonA. would likeB. wantsC. hatesD. enjoys【解析】尽管Mr Green出生在伦敦，但是他喜欢居住在中国。

答案为D。

would like sth. 想要什么would like to do sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想做某事2、----I don’t think your team can beat theirs ----____But we could if Lin Tao were on the teamA. No,we can’tB.Yes ,we can’tC. Yes,we canD.No, we can【解析】上面的观点是我认为你的队不会打败他们的队。

回答方说如果林涛在的话可能会赢。

那么是同意对方的观点,没有打败他们的队。

前否后肯的反意疑问句用no来同意对方的观点，是的，我们没有打败他们。

答案为A。

3、 Someone is knocking at the door It ____my mother It's time for her to be backA. can beB. may not beC. must beD. mustn’t be【解析】can 表示推测是用于否定句中，表示否定猜测“不可能” 根据题意，是妈妈回来的时候了，表示肯定猜测，用must 答案选C4、 When you ____the street, you must look firstA. acrossB. go crossC. crossD. goes across【解析】过街，过河，过桥都用动词cross或go across 但是you是第2人称，不能用goes. 答案为C5、 ______noisy children! Go and ask them to keep quietA. HowB. WhatC. What aD. How a【解析】children 是复数形式，C.D可排除，此句的中心词是名词，用what修饰，答案为B。

名师课件中考英语必考易错题含答案解析1、 ---I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long ---Never mind I ____ here for only a few minutesA. have beenB. have comeC. have arrivedD. waited【解析】因为come,arrive是瞬间动词，在用于现在完成时时，不能与表示一段的for,since构成的时间状语连用。

答案为A。

2、 ---Did you stop hello to Mrs Smith ? ---No, I didn’t see her when she went pastA. sayingB. saidC. sayD. to say【解析】stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事根据题目意思答案为D。

她经过时我没看见，所以我没有停下来去向史密斯夫人问好。

3、 The man ____France will give us a talk ____his countryA. from, onB. of, inC. of, aboutD. from, of【解析】from 来自.... of一般是用于所有格 on和about在这里都可以，这个来自法国的男人将给我们做个关于他的国家的演讲答案选A4、 David was born _____A.since twenty years agoB.for twenty yearsC.twenty years agoD.just over twenty 【解析】years born是瞬间动词，不与一段时间连用。

故答案C5、A fool has gained nothing from the time ______, for he ______ nothingA.passing;has paidB.passed;has been paidC.passing;has been paidD.passed;has paid 【解析】时间流逝，这个傻瓜没有获得任何东西，因为他也并未付出任何东西他也并未付出任何东西”是主动的，并非“被付出”（be paid）,所以排除B、C，而the time passed表示已经流逝的时间。

初中中考英语必考易错题含答案解析1、---Why did you come back so late today ? ----Because it______heavily when the meeting was over We had to wait until it came to a stopA.was raining B .is raining C.rained D.rains【解析】整个对话都是过去时。

排除B.D。

表示正在进行的事，用进行时。

答案为A。

2、He is so fat that the chair is not large enough for him to_____A.sitB.sit onC.sit downD.take a seat【解析】因为是坐在凳子上，指的是表面，所以要用on 答案B3、 ---You’ve dropped _____ “s’’ in the word “acros’’ ---Oh, ____ letter “s’’ should be doubled like thi s “across’’A. a, aB. an, aC. a, theD. an, the【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。

表示泛指时用不定冠词，a 用在辅音发音字母之前，an用在元音发音字母之前。

s的读音为/es/,为元音发音。

应用“an”,后面表特指，上面出现的，应用"the",答案为D.4、 When you ____the street, you must look firstA. acrossB. go crossC. crossD. goes across【解析】过街，过河，过桥都用动词cross或go across 但是you是第2人称，不能用goes. 答案为C5、It’s time for Meimei and ______ to the Palace MuseumA.I goingB.I to goC.me goingD.me to go【解析】It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是做...的时间了答案为D。

初中中考英语必考易错题含答案解析1、 The weather was ______ it is todayA. not as wetter asB. not wetter thanC. more wetter thanD. wetter as【解析】as...as 同级比较，中间用形容词或副词原形 more用于多音节或少数双音节词前表示比较 D 应该是wetter than ，故答案选B2、The teacher said ______ wanted to go to the cinema must be there before :,A.those whoB.thatC.whoD.which【解析】老师说那些想去看电影的必须在6点前到。

who wanted to to go the cinema作定语修饰those.同时those后面这句话为said的宾语，为宾语从句，those在宾语从句中作主语,those must be there before 6:00。

答案为A。

3、 They were very proud______ their daughterA. forB. ofC. withD. About【解析】be proud of为...骄傲 take pride in 为...骄傲，答案选B4、 ---I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long ---Never mind I ____ here for only a few minutesA. have beenB. have comeC. have arrivedD. waited【解析】因为come,arrive是瞬间动词，在用于现在完成时时，不能与表示一段的for,since构成的时间状语连用。

答案为A。

5、----I don’t think your team can beat theirs ----____But we could if Lin Tao were on the teamA. No,we can’tB.Yes ,we can’tC. Yes,we ca nD.No, we can【解析】上面的观点是我认为你的队不会打败他们的队。

短文填空知识清单一、考点分析短文填空要求考生根据所给短文内容考查考生对短文的理解和词汇的掌握情况。

主要测试理解能力和词汇的运用能力。

考查内容一般涉及以下方面:1. 对短文内容的判断短文填空的题材多样,包括幽默故事、人物传记、科普小品、新闻报道、历史文化、人生哲理等。

有的贴近学生生活实际,能激发学生的学习热情,启发他们的思维。

有的介绍最新的科研动态和科研成果等特点、用途等。

有的讲述人生哲理,给人以启迪。

2. 对词性、单词适当形式和短文内容的判断短文填空的考查形式主要以选词填空、首字母填空为主,兼顾中文提示和单词的适当形式。

单词的适当形式有名词的单复数形式,时态和语态和非谓语形式以及选择句子填空。

难度较大的是根据短文内容完成短文。

答题时,可以适当参考阅读理解的解题步骤和技巧。

3. 对其他方面的判断。

短文填空对其他方面的判断出现的频率较低,多数文章不设此类题目。

主要是在解题时,考生了解其要点或未尽事宜,以便判断文章内容或来源,以便推测前后可能出现的内容;这就要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。

二、解题步骤1. 阅读原文、捕捉信息、理解大意。

先通读原文,捕捉文中所提供的信息,抓住文章内容概略,理解短文的大意和理清全文脉络。

2. 审读题目、找出相关依据判断。

读懂短文内容后再审读题目,把握每个待判定句子的含义,通过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的段落与词句,然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。

3. 重读短文,逐题复检、核查无误。

完成正误判断后必须将短文重读一遍,加深对短文的理解,在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查,对有些似是而非的句子,一定要重新认真识别。

尤其对于深层理解的句子,原文没有提供直接或间接的答案,我们应仔细斟酌,复读文章,敲定最后答案。

提分策略怎么做好短文填空是考生复习最关心的问题。

短文填空尽管以不同的形式出现,但是解题时却有很多相同之处。

解题时需要注意以下几点:1. 通读全文,弄清短文大意。

中考英语易错易混题精练4（解析版）1、accomplish，complete，end，finish都含有"完成"之意accomplish 指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果complete 指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分end 指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止finish 指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止1.We tried to settle the arguement but accomplished nothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功.2.The term will end early in July.学期将在七月初结束.3.The building was finished in 1962.大厦建成于1962年.4.When will the work be completed.工作什么时候完结?5.I have finished the book.我读完了那本书.I have completed a book.我写完了一本书.2、acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的"承认"之意acknowledge 着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事admit 是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等)concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败confess 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶recognize 指正式承认主权、权利等1.He concededthat the statement was true in an argument.他在辩论中承认对方的说法是正确的.(有点不情愿的承认)2.She acknowledged having been at fault.他承认自己曾犯过错误.3.The new law was generally admitted to be difficult to enforce.大家普遍认为,新的法律很难实施.(admit后面可跟名词或动名词作宾语,不根不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾补.此句中admit为被动结构,所以用to be difficult to enforce作主语补语.)4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to concede defeat.虽然他们已遭受惨重损失,但还是不肯认输.5.Finally he has to confess himself guilty.最终他不得不认罪.(confess oneself认罪)6.Mr.Zhang was recognized as the legitimate representative of the company.张先生背城认为公司的合法代表.3、alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的"选择"之意alternative adj. n. 供选择的,抉择,供选择的东西.指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的choose 适用范围最广,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断,不强调客观标准.它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化.pick 口头用语,指仔细地,精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西select 语气比choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地,审慎地精选,强调客观性,而不是主观性.所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的.1.He selected an appropriate birthday card for his mother.他给母亲精心挑选了一张合适的生日卡.2.Children shouldn’t pick food.孩子不应该挑食.(pick off摘去,采取)3 He chose Miss Lilyfor his wife.他选择了莉丽小姐作为他的妻子.(从本句可以看出"choose常带有最终选定的含义"这一点)4.When traveling,you are advised to take travelers' checks,which provide a secure alternative to carrying your money in cash.建议你旅游时带旅行支票,那样要比带现金安全.5.I'm to pick out a few good books to send to my friend.我要挑选几本好书给我的朋友.(pick up收拾整理,用车接人pick out挑选,拣出pick at吃一点点,无食欲地吃)4、answer,reply,respond都含有一定的"回答"之意answer 用的最广,几乎可指口头,书面乃至行动所表示的一切reply 指较为正式或经过考虑的答复,除了后面接直接宾语或以that开始的句子外,一般只用作不及物动词,后面连用to,表示回答旁人的问题(话语,信件,祝贺,攻击等)respond 一般指对紧急问题或请求作出答复,或用行动对所说或所做的事情做出反应1.The car __A__ well to the controls.这辆汽车操纵灵敏.(respong to sth.对某事物反映灵敏,起反应,回答,响应;corrspond to相当于,与...对应;reply to回信,对...做出反应)A.respondsB.correspondsC.repliesD.reflects2.The electrician went at once in __D__ to the phone call.电工一接到电话马上就去了.(in answer to作为对...的回答,响应,反击等)A.replyB.respondC.reflectionD.answer3.He __B__ nothing about this.对此他没有回答.A.refuseB.answerC.replyD.respond4.Please __C__ at your earliest convenience.请尽早答复.A.answerB.reflectC.replyD.respond5.The illness quickly __D__ to proper treatment.疾病经适当治疗后很快好转.A.repliedB.answeredC.reflectedD.responded5、apparent,clear,evident,obvious,visible都含有一定的"明显"之意apparent 显然明白的,表面上的;常用来修饰容易看见或认识的事物clear 普通用语,凡听清、看清或易于理解的东西都可以用evident 指以事实为根据,加以推理就很明显,多用于抽象事物和推理,如事实、错误、成功等obvious 指极为明显,一目了然,不用多说就能清楚的东西visible 显著的,明显的,可看见的以上词语,在某些时候可以互换,并无非常明显的界限.1.Everyone present ran out for no __A__ reason.在场的每个人都莫名其妙地跑掉了.A.apparentB.otherC.absurdD.strange2.It is (quite) __B__ that he took the wrong path.很显然,他走错了道.(本题选用obvious也是可以的嘛! It is (quite) evident that...很显然...)A.apparentB.evidentC.stupidD.absurd3.Tom was nowhere in __B__ .到处都看不到汤姆.(in evidence 明显的,显眼的,显而易见的,可看见的)A.apparenceB.evidenceC.obviosityD.vision4.It is __C__ that two and two make four.二加二等于四,那是明明白白的.(It is bovious that...)A.apparentB.evidentC.obviousD.visible5.He talked to the customer with __D__ impatience.他和顾客谈话时显然不耐烦的样子.(本题选用apparent或obvious也没什么不可以.但evident和clear就有点勉强了.)A.evidentB.clearC.muchD.visible6.It is __A__ (that) you have been cheated.明白得很,你已受骗了.(It is clear that...)A.clearB.apparentC.regretfulD.ignorant关于people的四个词,可能大家很早就听说过了吧,但我不知道是否都弄清楚了,所以在这里再提一下.6、a people,peoples,people,the people有何区别?你分清了嘛?a people 指一个国家或地区的"民族、人民".peoples 为a people的复数形式,指许多国家或地区的不同的"民族、人民".people 泛指"人们",是集合名词,不能指一人.以单数形式表示复数意义,谓语动词要用复数the people 指"人民",可指某个国家的人民,也可指全世界的人民.它表示复数概念.若the people作为主语,它的谓语动词要用复数形式.1.The Chinese are a hard-working __A__.中国是个勤劳的民族.(a (adj.) people)A.peopleB.a peopleC.the peopleD.peoples2.__A__ will laugh at you.人们会嘲笑你的.A.PeopleB.A peopleC.The peopleD.Peoples3.__C__ are the makers of history.人民是历史的创造者.A.PeopleB.A peopleC.The peopleD.Peoples4.Five hundred __A__ have attended the open air concert.五百人参与了露天音乐会.A.peopleB.a peopleC.the peopleD.peoples5.__D__ of the two countries are determined to unite still more closely.两国人民决心团结得更加紧密.A.PeopleB.A peopleC.The peopleD.The peoples6.__C__ who were waiting at the entrance have now gone inside.刚才等在入口处的人们现在都进去了.A.PeopleB.A peopleC.The peopleD.Peoples7、arise,arouse,raise,rise四个形近词,你分清了吗?arise vi. 突然出现;起床arouse vt.引起,唤醒,激起raise vt.举起,提高,较多地被用于具体的场合,如举手,举杯,升旗等;有时也用于提高工资,提高工作效率等rise vi.上升,升高,上涨等,大多用于抽象或比喻的场合,如太阳,蒸汽,产量的上升,有时也用于具体场合,如人的起立,河水的上涨等1.The wind is __A__.起风了.A.risingB.raisingC.arousingD.arising2.Our wages have been __B__ recently.最近我们的工资提高了.A.risenB.raisedC.arousedD.arisen3.A new problem has __D__.出现了一个新问题.A.risenB.raisedC.arousedD.arisen4.He __C__ her mothering instincts.他激起了她的母爱本能.A.roseB.raisedC.arousedD.arose5.He __D__ at 6:30 a.m. as usual.他像平常一样早晨6点半起床.A.roseB.raisedC.arousedD.arose6.The river __A__ by two feet after the heavy rains.暴雨使河水水位升高两英尺.A.roseB.raisedC.arousedD.arose8、some time,some times,sometime,sometimes,some day,the other daysome time n. "相当长的一段时间" adv. "某个时候,某一天"=sometimesome times adv. "数次"sometime adv. "某个时候,某一天"(可指过去,也可指将来),可用some time代替sometimes adv."有时,间或"=now and then /from time to timesome day "有朝一日,有一天"(只指将来的一天),常与表示将来的时态连用,也可写成somedaythe other day "那一天,前几天"(只指过去的某一天),仅用于过去时态中1.__D__ I'm going to make a journey round the world.有朝一日我要环游世界.A.The other day(只用于过去时)B.Some timesC.SometimesD.Some day(用于将来时)2.We __D__ have letters from her.我们有时收到她的来信.A.some timeB.some timesC.sometimeD.sometimes3.I saw her __B__ in July.我在七月的某一天见到过她.A.some day(用于将来时)B.sometime(也可用sometime)C.some timesD.sometimes4.__C__,as I was walking up to town,I saw a strange man.在我走去镇上的那一天,我看见一个奇怪的人.A.Some day(用于将来时)B.Sometime(概念较模糊,不清楚哪天)C.The other day(用于过去时,特指那一天)D.Some time5.Marx stayed in Belgium for __A__.马克思在比利时待了一段时间.A.Some timeB.SometimeC.Some timesD.Sometimes6.I met your elder sister in the museum __C__.我好几次在博物馆碰见你姐姐.A.somedayB.sometimesC.some timesD.some time9、arouse,awake,evoke,wake,waken都含有一定的"唤醒,唤起"之意arouse vt.引起,唤起,激起;唤醒=awakenawake adj.[用作表语]醒着的vt.唤醒,觉醒vi.醒,觉醒,意识到evoke vt.唤起,引起,使人想到wake vi.醒来vt.唤醒,唤起,激起,使认识到wake (up) to 认识到,意识到waken vi.醒来,睡醒(up);觉醒,振奋vt.唤醒,弄醒;使觉醒;使振奋,激发;激起1.I wish I could __C__ some interest in English grammar in my students.要是我能够激发起学生学习英语语法的兴趣该多好.(在表示"激发,引起"之意讲时,多用awaken,有时也可用awake,awake sb.'s interest激发某人的兴趣)A.wake upB.wakeC.awakenD.waken2.When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want,the question__A__ a variety of answer.当问及人们需要什么样的住房时,得到的答案有各种各样.A.evokes(引起)B.mediates(调停)C.defies(蔑视)D.magnifies(放大)3.You must __C__ the fact that you have failed in business.你必须清楚你的事业已经失败了.A.awakeB.be awakeC.awake to (觉悟,领悟,认识到)D.waken4.During the night a person's temperature may drop one or two degrees,and it can be difficult to __B__ him in the morning if his body hasn't become hot yet.夜间人的体温会降低一至二度,如果早晨温度还不升高的话,就很难叫醒他.A.ariseB.arouseC.raiseD.rise5.He __D__ to find himself in the hospital.他醒来发现自己在医院里.A.arouseB.awokeC.awakenD.woke(vi.)6.What time do you usually __D__ (up)?你平时在什么时候醒来?(wake up"醒醒,醒来")A.evokeB.arouseC.awakeD.wake10、amaze,astonish,surprise都含有一定的"惊讶"之意amaze 使吃惊,程度比surprise强(=surprise very much),一般指好事.(be amazed at sth./to do sth.)astonish 使惊愕,指使人大吃一惊(=surprise greatly),含有几乎使人无法相信之意,是个语气较强的词(sb. be astonished at(by) sth./to do sth./that..."被(因)...惊吓")surprise 使惊异,指由于突然的事情使人产生惊奇,有出乎意料的含义.普通用词,语气最弱. (sb. be surprised at/by sth./that.../to do sth.;feel surprised at..."对...感到惊讶";in surprise"吃惊地,在震惊中")三个词在用法上基本相同,可互换,只是语气上有所差别.1.I am __D__ by what you tell me.我听了你所说的话觉得惊愕.A.tiredB.believedC.amusedD.amazed2.What __A__ her most was hearing her name mentioned on TV.她最大吃一惊的是在电视中听到了自己的名字.A.astonishedB.surpassedC.shockedD.shaked3.Not __C__,the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.起名字的方法因文化不同而有很大差异是不足为奇的.A.obviouslyB.particularlyC.surprisinglyD.normally4.To the __A__ of everybody,he won the prize.使大家惊奇的是,他竟得了奖.(to one's surprise/to the surprise of sb.'s"使某人惊奇的是")A.surpriseB.astonishmentC.amazementD.amazing5.I was __B__ to find him there.我发现他在那儿,吃了一惊.A.ambitiousB.amazedC.amusedD.analysed6.He __B__ us by announcing that he was going to get married in a few day.对于他宣布他即将结婚的消息,我们大吃一惊.A.fearedB.astonishedC.alarmedD.terrify11、award,reward都含有一定的"奖励"之意award 指正式或官方颁发,授予award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.reward 给予报酬,指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬,奖赏某人(in reward for”作为对…回报”;reward sb. for “因…而报答某人”)above all,after all,first of all形式相似,意义不同above all “尤其是,最重要的是”,强调特别对待,类似于especially,more than anything else.after all “毕竟,到底”,表示一种让步口气,与in spite of everything,in the end 相似first of all “首先”,表示一种次序,与before anything else类似1. 1.Martin Luther King,great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination,was __C__ the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace. 反对种族歧视运动的杰出黑人领袖Martin Luther King,因其对世界和平的突出贡献而被授予诺贝尔和平奖.A.rewaredB.givenC.awardedD.offered2.They __A__ the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers.他们送给获胜者水果和鲜花最为奖赏.(reward sb. with “用…酬劳某人”)A.rewardedB.awardedC.chargedD.paid3.__C__ you should be honest.首先你必须诚实.A.above allB.after allC.first of allD.at all (at all”丝毫,根本”)4.Don’t get discouraged by setbacks,we are new to the work__A__.别因挫折而灰心,这工作对我们来说毕竟还是新的.A.after allB.above allC.in all (in all “总共”)D.5.Children need many things,but __B__ they need love.孩子门需要很多东西,最重要的是爱.A.after allB.above allC.for all (for all “尽管,虽然”)D.and all (and all “以及其他一切,等等”)6.I __B__ stumbled.我差点儿摔跤.A.all in (all in “精疲力竭的,疲乏到极点”)B.all but (all but “差点儿,几乎”)C.all over (all over “浑身到处,全部结束”)D.above all12、bank,beach,coast,seaside,shore都含有一定的"(海)岸,边"之意bank "河岸,堤岸",指河流两旁高出水面的地方beach "海(湖,河)滩,水滨",指受潮水冲刷而形成的有细沙或卵石覆盖的平缓的斜坡coast "海岸,海岸线",是地理上的专用名词,指海洋与陆地的分界线,有清晰的边界概念.它不能用来指河岸或湖岸. seaside "海滨",尤指假日度假胜地shorel "岸,滨",含义广泛,可指围绕海洋、河流及湖泊旁边的陆地,含有与水相对的意味(in shore"近岸";on shore"在岸上,在陆上";off shore"离岸")1.Shanghai lies on the east __C__ of China. 上海位于中国东海岸.A.bankB.beachC.coastD.seaside2.They saw a boat about a mile from the __A__.他们在离海岸大约一英里处看到一条小船.A.shoreB.seasideC.bankD.beach3.Many English people like to go to the __C__ for their holidays and lying on the __D__ in the sun.许多英国人喜欢去海滨度假,并躺在海滩上晒太阳.A.shoreB.coastC.seasideD.beach4.The old man used to sit on the river__A__ to fish.那位老人过去常常坐在河岸上钓鱼.A.bankB.coastC.seasideD.beach5.The children are playing with sand along the __B__.孩子们在海滩上玩沙.A.shorelB.beachC.bankD.coast6.The ship stopped a little way off the __B__.船停在离岸不远处.A.coastB.shoreC.bankD.beach13、bare，blank，empty，hollow，margin，vacant 都含有一定的"空白"之意bare a.光秃秃的,无遮蔽的,通常指局部的裸blank a.空白的，指表面无字迹，没有写字、印刷、或做记号的空白处empty a. (房间等)空的，没有物的，指描绘之物的内部本应有的东西这时却没有，或者可容人或物的地方或容器这时未容纳(房间里无家里设备或没有人)hollow a.空的，空心的，空虚的，指所描绘之物的中心是空的，也可指空虚的margin n.页边空白，多指纸张的页边，边缘的空白vacant a.空的，(房间等)未被占用的，空着的，指暂时没有人居住或占据而空闲着的1.Although they plant trees in this area every year，the tops of some hills are still __D__. 尽管他们每年都在这个地区植树,可是有些山头仍是光秃秃的.A.blankB.vacantC.hollowD.bare2.There is a __C__ space at the bottom of the form for you to sign your name in. 在这表格的下方有一个空白处供你签名.A.emptyB.vacantC.blankD.hollow3.Space scientists believe that the black hole is __B__,and would draw everything,even light,toward its center. 太空科学家认为,这个黑洞是空的,它会把一切东西,甚至光吸入它的中心.A.emptyB.hollowC.vacantD.blank4.Since everyone would like to find an apartment near the university,there are very few __A__ apartments in the area. 由于每个人都想在大学附近找到一间公寓,所以那个地区几乎没有空房.A.vacantB.freeC.emptyD.reserved5.I believe that the best way to take notes is in the __D__ of the book instead of on the notebook. 我认为记笔记的最好方法是记在页边的空白处,而不是记在笔记本上.A.bordersB.boundariesC.edgesD.margin14、old/elder/elderly都是“年老的”Elder、elderly均是old的比较级，在用法上有所区别。