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Unit 1 My first jobTeaching objectives1. to be familiar with the writing style of narration2. to be familiar with the uses of the –ing and –ed participles3. to be familiar with the building style of the Victorian age4. to be familiar with the school system in the U.K.text 1Teaching procedureI. pre-reading questions1.Self-introduction2. How did you spend your summer holiday? Anything interesting/special to share with the whole class?3.How many of you hold a part-time job? Can you tell us your experience of getting the first job? Were you interviewed by the child’s parents or the head of the school?II. the main idea（3 minutes for reading）1. choosing the statement best sum up the content2. reading comprehension in work book P1（1）discussing and checking the answers in group（2）checking the answersIII. reading or listening to the recording again1. for new words and expressions2. for difficult sentences（1）find out sentences employing –ing or –ed participles and –ing or –ed phrasesIV.Main ideas of each paragraph:-school ten miles away (para.1)-uncertainty before interview-inconvenient transportation (para.2)( awful journey to school)-state of mind after the journey-simple description of schoolhouse (para.3)-environment around the schoolhouse- simple description of the schoolhouse(poor surroundings)-simple description of the schoolmaster (para.4)(unfavorable impression)-simple description of the hallway (para.5)-simple description of the study-the questions asked of me-my answer-my reaction-the pupils at the school (para.6)--terrible teaching program/set-up-my responsibilities (para.7)-my annoyance (para.8)(meager salary)-the last straw (para.9)(working under a woman)V．analysis of the textParagraph 1Q1: Why did the author apply for the job?1. a teaching post …: 宾语后置（postponement, 强调）New information, key partsand long or complicated information are often put at the end of the sentence. ·We heard from his own lips the story of how he had been caught in a trap for days without food.2. teaching post: -ing participle modifying “post”3. advised at a school: -ed participle, function as object complement4. being very short of money: adverbial（reason）→adverbial clause of cause or reasonAs I was short of money and w anted to do something useful,…Being in poor health and lacking in teaching experience, he was dismissed.Not having his telephone number, I couldn’t ring him back.5. experience of teaching: gerund = teaching experience: -ing participle6.chances of landing the job: gerund, there is little possibility of7. short of: short of1) having an inadequate supply of: …供给不够的：We're short of cash. 我们现在现金不足。
Unit 1 PersonalityVocabulary1. 1) self-conscious 2) self-confidence 3) self-esteem 4) self-destructive 5) self-worth6) self-concept 7) Self-awareness 8) self-assurance/self-confidence2. 1)B 2)I 3)L 4)A 5)H 6)D 7)E 8)N 9)J 10)M 11)C 12)F 13)G 14)K3. 1) profound 2) jealousy 3) numerous 4) overweight 5) overcome 6) eventually7) slim 8) compliments 9) diminish 10) reassurance 11) detrimental12) isolated 13) self-esteem 14) accented4. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect/influence 4) viewed/regarded5)sensitive 6) respond/react 7)eliminated 8)overcome my fear9) concentrate on 10) made no commentTranslation1) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.2) In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before.3) When the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it.4) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life.5) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.6) He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations.7) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.8) He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness.Part Four Writing and Translation2. Translation Practice1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure.2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience.4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties.5) Don’t let negative thoughts hold you back.6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much.Unit 2 Myths and LegendsVocabulary1. 1) A. invitation B. invited C. inviting 2) A. prepare B. prepared C. preparation D. preparatory/preparation3) A. discoveries B. discoverers C. discovered4) A. approval B. approve C. approved D. approving E. disapprove5) A. eloquent B. eloquence C. eloquently6) A. faithful B. unfaithful/faithless C. faith d. faithfully7) A. occasional B. occasionally C. occasion8) A. delivery B. delivering C. delivered9) A. troublesome B. troubled C. troubled D. troubling 10) A. assurance B. assured C. assure2. 1) got/ran into trouble 2) no trouble 3) asking for trouble 4) have … trouble 5) troublewith6) in serious/deep/big trouble 7) get/getting … into trouble 8) took the trouble3. 1) with a pattern of roses 2) prepared a wonderful/goof meal for us3) promised faithfully 4) deliver this letter5) a selection of milk and plain chocolate 6) keep out of mischief/behave themselves7) the sound of distant thunder 8) received approval from the government9) in spite of the fact that he drank too much 10) agree whether the drug is safe or notPart Three Further Development5. Complete the following Ancient Chinese story by translating the Chinese into English1) the true reason why there was no such animal in Guizhou2) they were of no use at all in this place3) when he saw the donkey all of a sudden, he thought it was a monster4) he hid himself in the trees while looking at the donkey5) what kind of animal is this and why does it look different from other animals that I’ve seen?6) But one day the donkey stretched its thin neck and cried7) the tiger discovered that the donkey didn’t have any other skills besides crying8) But he dared not rush to it and eat it just as he did to other animals9) This did irritate the donkey (made the donkey angry), who raised its hind leg and kicked the tiger10) This time he rushed to it without hesitation and bit its rhroatPart Four Writing and Translation2. Translation Practice万物之初 天地还是一体 充满混沌。
LANGUAGE STRUCTURESPRACTICE IExampleA: Oh dear! My pupils’homework is full of careless mistakes.B: Did you tell them to check their homework before they hand it in?A: No, I didn’t.B: I think they should be told that their homework has to be checked before they hand it in. PRACTICE IIExampleA: Lilian’s been working very hard, I was told.B: Yes, so I heard. She often works overtime.A: Is she paid anything extra for overtime?B: No, she isn’t.PRACTICE III AExampleA: Poor Tom! Lots of people make fun of him.B: Why do they do that?A: Because he walks with a limp.B: Well, I don’t think anybody should be made fun of because of his physical handicap. PRACTICE III BExampleA: How was the exhibition?B: Very good.A: Were brochures handed out to visitors?B: Oh, yes, they were.PRACTICE IVExampleA: People say the city has mapped out a construction plan for the next year.B: Has it? Do you know any particulars?A: Yes. They say that three parks will be expanded.B: Good. We’ll have more space for enjoyment and rest.DIALOGUEThe Olympic GamesA: Hi, Mark!B: Hi, Jessie, nice to see you! Why are you looking so worried?A: I’m writing an essay on the Olympic Games, but, you know, I know very little about them. It is said that you are an Olympic expert, so could you please give me some help?B: No problem! What do you want to know?A: I only know the ancient Olympic Games originated in Athens. Could you tell me something about them?B: Well, the ancient Olympic Games were a series of competitions held between representatives of several Greek city-states and kingdoms, which featured mainly athletic but also combat and chariot racing events.A: I hear the origin of the Olympics is shrouded in mystery and legend.B: It is. One of the most popular myths identifies Heracles and his father Zeus as the progenitors of the Games. According to legend, it was Heracles who first called the Games “Olympic”and established the custom of holding them every four years.A: When were the first Olympic Games held?B: In 776 BC. The Games reached their zenith in the 6th and 5th centuries BC, but then gradually declined after the Roman Empire came to dominate ancient Greece. They were abolished in 393 AD.A: What a pity! When did they begin to revive?B: Not until about 1,500 years later, when a young French educator, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, proposed that the ancient Games be revived on an international scale.A: His attempt at reviving the Games must have been warmly welcomed.B: No. In fact, his attempt was not met with much enthusiasm. Still, he persisted.A: So when and where were the first modern Olympic Games held?B: They were held in Athens in 1896, with 241 athletes from 14 nations competing in 43 events.A: And now the Games have grown to more than 10,000 competitors from over 200 countries. They’ve really developed.B: They have.A: I know the Olympic Games are held in a different city each time. But who is responsible for choosing the host city?B: The International Olympic Committee is responsible for that, as well as overseeing the planning of the Olympic Games, and updating and approving the sports program.A: You really do know a lot about the Olympic Games. Thank you so much for your help!B: It’s a pleasure.LISTENING IN & SPEAKING OUTPopular Sports in BritainSports play an important part in the life in Britain and they are popular leisure activities.Whether spectating or participating, British people are well-known for their love of sports.Wherever you are, you’re never far from the action and the options are huge. There’s a non-stop calendar of events with many sports played in summer or winter. It’s no wonder manyBritish people think in sporting seasons rather than years.The United Kingdom has given birth to a range of major international sports including: football, rugby, cricket, golf, tennis, badminton, squash, hockey, boxing, snooker, billiards and curling. It has also played a key role in the development of sports such as Sailing and Formula One.Football is undoubtedly the most popular sport in England, and has been played for hundreds of years. In the English Football League there are 92 professional clubs. These are semi-professional, so most players have other full-time jobs. Hundreds of thousands of people also play football in parks and playgrounds just for fun. The highlight of the English football year is the FA (Football Association) Cup Final each May. The beautiful game is not only a sport in Britain but a way of life. Players like England ace David Beckham have turned heads all over the world and made teams like Manchester United and Arsenal household names.Rugby is similar to football, but played with an oval ball. Players can carry the ball and tackle each other. The best rugby teams compete in the Super League Final each September. For many years rugby was only played by the rich upper classes, but now it is popular all over the country.The world’s most famous tennis tournament is Wimbledon. It started at a small club in south London in the 19th century. It begins on the nearest Monday to June 22, at a time when the English often have the finest weather. Millions of people watch the Championships on TV live. It is traditional for visitors to eat strawberries and cream whilst they watch the tennis.Horse racing, the sport of kings, is a very popular sport with meetings being held every day throughout the year. The Derby originated here, as did The Grand National which is the hardest horse race in the world. Horse racing and greyhound racing are popular spectator sports. People can place bets on the races at legal off-track betting shops.READING ITwo Kinds of FootballAmerican football, not to be confused with the football called soccer, is the American national sport. It developed from the British game of rugby and, although it is played in no other country in the world (except Canada), it excites tremendous enthusiasm. Intercollegiate games (games between universities) are great social occasions. More than 100,000 mothers and fathers, brothers and sisters, students and football fans from the general public, crowd into the huge, luxurious stadiums. During a recent college final in the Rose Bowl at Pasadena, California, there were severe earthquake tremors, but nobody noticed!The method of scoring in American football is the same as in rugby. Players try to carry the ball over the opponents’line, and then to earn more points by kicking the ball between the upright goal posts above the bar. But that is where the likeness between the two games ends.American football has a reputation for being a brutal and dangerous game. This reputation is not really deserved. The players hurl themselves at each other fiercely, but today their uniforms and helmets (fitted with visors to protect their faces) are so skilfully padded that there are few serious injuries. By comparison, the rugby player is almost naked, having only a thin jersey and a pair of shorts to protect him from his opponents’boots and tackling.The Americans are addicted to crazes. When they take something up, they do so wholeheartedly, and often the rest of the world follows their lead. Jogging is an example of this. The Americans now have another craze, a game which most other countries call “football,”but which they call soccer. Soccer is spreading like wildfire through all the States and gaining in popularity on baseball. It is being run by big business and TV advertisers, who are doing everything they can to sell it to the public. They are employing famous fashion designers to design novel uniforms for the players. They have introduced a musical background to the games, and there is a big screen in the stadium which explains to spectators what is happening. Most important, they have hired, at enormous expense, famous coaches and players from Europe and South America. They have also changed some of the rules, including the offside rules to make the game more exciting.Soccer games can now draw crowds of over 70,000 in cities where baseball attracts a mere20,000 spectators. The soccer stadiums are much more luxurious than the vast majority of European and South American league grounds. There is a seat for everyone and a parking lot for 25,000 cars.Soccer is being brilliantly promoted, like any other promising American product.READING IIThe Physical Miseducation of a Former Fat BoyWhen I was six, a next-door neighbor gave me my first candy bar, and I fattened immediately in a home where food was love. It is hardly surprising that when I first entered physical education courses in the eighth grade my coaches were markedly unimpressed or that thereafter I compensated by working harder at books, where I was more successful. Although I did learn to take jokes about my size and experienced the “bigness”of being able to laugh at myself (the standard fat man’s reward), at thirty-five I am furious to recall how readily and completely my instructors defaulted in their responsibilities to me. Some remedies I have learned in my thirties persuade me that it is not inevitable that the system will continue to fail other fat boys.My personal remedies for physical ineptitude have a firm base in ideas. Four years ago I weighed 265 pounds. Only my analyst needs to know how much I consequently hated myself. In six months I took off 105 pounds and initiated a regular jogging and exercising schedule that has gradually, very gradually, led to increased self-confidence. Yet my physical education teachers in secondary school and college never showed the least interest in my physical problems, never sat down and initiated the simplest diagnosis of my physical needs, never tempted me into thepersonal discoveries that I have to wait more than a decade to make for myself.Instead, my physical educators offered two alternatives. Either I could enter the fierce competitive sports that predominate in our culture and therein make and accept the highest mark I could achieve; or I could opt for the less-competitive intramurals, modeled after the big boys’games, and accept my role as a physically incompetent human being, sitting on the sidelines to cheer for a chosen team of professionals. These limited alternatives were repeatedly justified as teaching me how it is out in the “real world,”in “the game of life,”allegedly divided between the participators and the watchers.Now, as I jog in my midwinter dawn, all muffled with socks over my hands, making tracks with the rabbits in Carolina dew, I am not competing with anyone, unless I whimsically imagine Father Time having to add another leaf to my book. I am celebrating me, this morning, this pair of wornout tennis shoes, the tingle in my cheeks, the space being cleared in my stomach for my simple breakfast when I get back…I was very articulate at fourteen —fat by articulate —and I believe that a sympathetic, interested coach could have shared this type of insight, this type of reality, with me, and perhaps thereby he could have teased me into the discoveries I had to take many years later.But the coach would have had to love kids like me more than he loved winning if he had hoped to participate in my physical education. I had no such coach.My physical educators were signally unimaginative. We played only the few sports that had always been played in our area. Further, they maintained a rigid separation between “sports”and “play.”Football, baseball, basketball, and track were “sports.”Fishing, hiking, boating, and jogging were “play.”Golf was “play”until you had a team that won five trophies; then you developed the cool rhetoric of “sport.”。
