化学专业英语词汇

polymer atomlinkage molecule monomer complex proteinsubstituted conformation organic inorganic strength kevlarfibre(fiber) polymerization ethene polyethene constituent terminate random n.n.n.n.n.adj.nadj.adj.n.adj.adj.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.adj.聚合物原子连接，剪接分子单体复杂的，合成的，综合的蛋白质蛋白质的取代的，代替的构象有机的，组织的无机的强度凯夫拉纤维纤维，构造，纤维制品聚合乙烯聚乙烯（PE）成分，组分停止，结束，终止随意，任意任意的，随便的interval propagation acidamino sequence activity accessible spontaneously manufacturebiopolymer nucleic catalyst facilitate accelerate dimmer basealcohol amine carboxylic chloride n.n.n.adj.adj.n.n.adj.adv.vt.n.n.adj.n.vt.v.n.n.n.n.adj.n.间隔，距离，时间间隔链增长酸酸的氨基的次序，顺序，序列活性易接近的自发地，本能地制造，加工制造，产品生物高分子核的催化剂使容易，使便利，推动加速，促进二聚物碱醇胺羧基的氯化物acid chlorideaceticesteramidefree radical initiation propagation mechanism double bond formula susceptible ionicinitiator neutralize cation anionic kinetics solvent counter-ionion-pair stereochemistry stereoregularity adj.n.n.n.n.n.n.adj.adj.n.v.n.adj.n.n.n.n.酰氯醋酸的，乙酸的酯酰胺自由基引发增长机理双键分子式，公式易受影响的离子的引发剂使失效，抵消，中和阳离子阴离子的动力学溶剂反离子，抗衡离子离子对立体化学立构规整性blend copolymerization copolymer homopolymersynthesisstep-growth polymerization condensationadditionsuccessiveapplicationrigiditystressstrainmoduluslinearbranchedglass-transition temperature amorphouscrystallineeboniteadditivereinforce vt./n.n.n.n.n.n.n.adj.n.n.n.n.n.adj.adj.adj.adj.n.n.vt.混合，共混共聚合共聚物均聚物合成逐步聚合缩合加成连续的应用，申请，运用坚硬，刚性，刚度应力应变模量线的，线性的支化的玻璃化温度无定形的，非晶的结晶的硬橡胶添加剂补强，加固fillerpigment plasticizer lubricant processing aid forcibly standpoint extensibility vinylpolyvinyl chloride elasticity nonquantitative handdraperatiospin(span spun) filamentchopstapletwistdeniertenacity n.n.n.n.adv.n.n.n.n.adj.n.n.n.v.n.vt.n.vt.n.n.填料颜料增塑剂滑润剂加工助剂强制地，有力地立场，观点延长性，伸长乙烯基聚氯乙烯（PVC）弹性非定量的手感悬垂性比，比率纺，纺纱细丝切，砍人造短纤维捻，编织旦尼尔（纤度单位）韧性weathering resistancecoefficientalkalichemicaldielectric dielectric constant finish permanent specific gravity aluminum abrasion configuration moldextrudethermal form intricate magnitude transparent ceramic n.n.adj.adj.n.n.n.adj.n.n.n.n.vt.v.adj.n.adj.n.耐候性系数碱碱性的化学的化学药品电介质，绝缘体介电常数光洁度永久的，持久的密度铝磨损构造，结构，构型模型模塑，模压挤出热成型复杂的，错综的大小，数量，量级透明的陶瓷porcelainfire retardance asbestosmica conductivity surgicalimplant inertness malleablecast iron constraint parameter plasticization macroscopic elongation thermodynamic salvation thermoplast flexible processability adj.n.n.n.n.adj.n.v.n.adj.n.n.n.adj.n.adj.n.n.adj.n.陶器的瓷器，瓷阻燃性石棉云母电导率，传导率，传导性外科的外科手术植入不活拨，惰性有延展性的铸铁约束，强制参数，参量增塑，塑化，塑炼宏观的伸长热力学的溶剂化（作用）热塑性塑料，热塑柔性的，柔软的加工性foamphthalicdominateethylhexylDOP(dioctyl phthalate) polyether polycondensation oligomerdistinctioninteractdiluentextenderprimary plasticizer secondary plasticizer phthalate preferentially phenolic resin melamine polyurethane n.v.adj.v.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.v.adj.n.n.n.adv.n.n.泡沫，泡沫塑料发泡邻苯二甲酸的支配，占优势乙基己基邻苯二甲酸二辛酯聚醚，多醚缩聚反应低聚物区别，差别互相作用稀释的稀释剂填充剂主增塑剂助增塑剂邻苯二甲酸酯择优地酚醛树脂三聚氰胺聚氨酯gauchetranshelixplate-out pearlesence polytetrafluoroethylene obviatetalcpolyolefin compatiblesprayconventional multifunctional stearatepastillemontanic acid polycarbonate pultrusion polysulfoneoleodiscolorationparallel adj.n.n.n.n.vt.n.n.adj.vt.adj.adj.n.n.n.n.n.adj.n.v.左右式的反式螺旋，螺旋状物积垢珠光聚四氟乙烯消除，排除滑石，云母聚烯烃协调的，一致的喷射，喷溅常规的，传统的多功能的硬脂酸盐芳香重剂，粉蜡笔褐煤酸聚碳酸酯拉挤成型聚砜油的，油酰基的变色，污点相应，平行cadmium organo mercaptide brittle aesthetic appeal decyl adipate azelate adipic sebacic glycol triethyl titanium tatrachoride reactant alkane ethanol chromic silica alumina cyclohexane n.adj.n.adj.adj.n.n.n.n.adj.adj.n.adj.n.n.n.n.n.adj.n.n.n.镉有机金属的硫醇盐易碎的，脆弱的美学的，审美的要求癸基己二酸壬二酸酯脂肪的葵二酸的乙二醇三乙（烷）基的钛四氯化物反应物烷烃乙醇铬的硅土氧化铝（亦称矾土）环己烷isobutenefilternickel molybdenum charcoal hydride corrugated ductilitycobalt crosslinking dicumyl peroxide polymethylene diazomethane sodium paraffin serendipitous benzaldehyde coaxialfacility premature microporousness nanometer n.vt.n.n.n.n.adj.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.adj.n.adj.n.adj.n.n.异丁烯过滤镍钼活性炭氢化物波纹的延展性钴（Co）交联过氧化二异丙苯聚亚甲基重氮甲烷钠石蜡偶然发现的苯甲醛同轴的，共轴的设备，工具未成熟的，太早的微孔性纳米multidomain aggregationgranule montmorillonite homogenizematrixengender polypropylene propylenebromideslurryaluminum diethyl chloride titanium trichloride isotactichexanetacticitymethanolbulkymethylstiffnesstertiaryoxidative n.n.n.n.n.n.v.n.n.n.n.adj.n.n.n.adj.n.n.adj.adj.多畴聚集物，聚集（态）小粒，颗粒蒙脱石均质化，使均质基质，基体造成聚丙烯丙烯溴化物浆，泥浆，料液二乙基氯化铝三氯化钛等规的，全同立构的己烷立构规整性甲醇大的，容量大的甲基坚硬，硬度第三的，第三位的氧化的，具有氧化特性的degradationretardphenolicantioxidant dithiocarboxylic acid dilauryl dithiopropionate phosphateultravioletturfmattranslucent hydrochloric petroleumethane bichloridefluffymasticateprofoundextremelynegativesteric hidrance repulsionaliphatic n.vt.adj.n.n.adj.n.n.adj.adj.n.adj.v.adj.adj.adj.n.adj.降解，降级延迟，使减速，阻止酚的，石碳酸的防老剂，抗氧化剂二硫代碳酸二月桂基二硫代丙酸酯磷酸盐（酯）紫外线的草根土，草皮垫子半透明的氯化氢的，盐酸的石油二氯乙烷松散的，蓬松的塑炼，破料深刻的，深奥的极端的，非常的负的，阴性的位阻排斥，推斥脂肪族的，脂肪质的dehydrochlorination popcorn-like dryblendambientcalendarplastisol organosolrefluxsteam-stripvinyl acetate n.adj.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.米花状的干混料，干混合环境温度，室温压延机增塑溶胶，增塑糊稀释增塑糊，有机溶胶回流汽提乙酸乙烯酯Name Reagents and Trade NameBrederick Reagen Burgess ReageCaro’s AcidColman’s ReagentCorey-Kim Reagent Danishefsky’s Diene Dess-Martin Periodinane Diazald Eschenmoser’s Sslt Freons(Fluorohalocarbons)Fremy’s SaltGilman ReagentsHünig’s BaseJones Reagent Lawesson Reagent Lindar Catalyst Mander’s Reagent Meerwein’s SaltMosher EstersOxoneRed-AlSelectrideSimmons-Smith Reagent SkellysolveSuper HydrideTebbe’s ReagentViehe’s SaltVilsmeier Reagent Wieland-Miescher Ketone Wilkinson’s Catalyst Wittig ReagentDess-MartinWieland-Miescher Dimethoxydimethylaminomethane(amide acetal)MeO2CN-SO2N+(Et)3(alcohol dehydration) Sulfomonoperacid HOSO2OOHDisodium Iron TetracarbonylDimethyl sulfide-chlorine1-Methoxy-3-trimethylsiloxybuta-1,3-dieneN-Methyl-N-nitroso-p-toluenesulfonamide(diazomethane) Me2N+=CH2I-(Mannich reagent)11(CFCl3),12(CF2Cl2),13(CF3Cl),13B1(CF3Br),14(CF4),2 1(CHFCl2),22(CHF2Cl),23(CHF3),114(CF2ClCF2Cl),116( CF3CF3)(KO3S)2NOLithium DiorganocupratesDiisopropylethylamine(base catalyst)Chromic acid in acetonePd on CaCO3/PbOMethyl cyanoformate(NCC(=O))OMe Triethyloxonium Fluoroborate(Me3O+BF4-,methylating reagent)α-Methoxy-α-trifluromethylphenylacetatesPotassium monopersulfate(KHSO5)Sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminium Hydridetri-sec-butylborohydride(L-Li,K=potassium)CH2I2-Zn(Cu)Petroleum ether solvents(alkane fractions)Sodium TriethylborohydrideCp2Ti(CH2)(Cl)AlMe2Me2N+=CCl2Cl-Me2N+=CHClCl-(Ph3P)3RhClPh3P=CR2MeO PSSOMePSSLawessonCH2ClAlCH3CH3TebbeSpectroscopy and Separation AcronymsASISδCDCICIDNP CMR COSY DEPT DNMREI ENDOR ESR(=EPR) EXAFS EXSY FABFIDFIDFTGLC HETCOR HMQC HOESY HPLCICR INDOR INEPTIRJLCLISMCDMSNMR NOE(SY) ODORD ORTEP PESR f ROESY TLCUV Aromatic solvent induced shifts (NMR)Chemical shift (NMR)Circular DichroismChemical Ionization (mass spec)Chemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear PolarizationCarbon-13 Magnetic ResonanceCorrelation Spectroscopy(NMR)Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (NMR) Dynamic NMRElectron Impact (MS)Electron Nuclear Double ResonanceElectron (Paramagnetic) Spin ResonanceExtended X-Ray Absorption Fine SpectrumExchange spectroscopy (NMR saturation transfer)Fast Atom Bombardment (MS)Flame Ionization Detecter (VPC)Free Induction Decay (NMR)Fourier TransformGas-liquid Chromatography (VPC)Heteronuclear correlation (NMR)Proton detected Heteronuclear Multiquantum Coherence (NMR) Heteronuclear Overhauser Spectroscopy (NMR)High Performance Liquid ChromatographyIon Cyclotron ResonanceInternuclear Double ResonanceInsensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (NMR) InfraredCoupling Constant (NMR)Liquid ChromatographyLanthanide Induced shifts (NMR)Magnetic Circular DichroismMass SpectrumNuclear Magnetic ResonanceNuclear Overhauser Effect (Spectroscopy)Optical DensityOptical Rotatory DispersionOak Ridge Thermal Ellipse ProgramPhotoelectron SpectroscopyRetention Factor (Chromatography)Rotating frame Nuclear Overhauser Spectroscopy (NMR)Thin Layer ChromatographyUltraviolet SpectroscopyVPC XPS Vapor Phase Chromatography (GLC) (ESCA) X-Ray Photoelectron SpectroscopyStandard Abbreviations and Acronymsα[α]ÅAcacac ADP AIBN AM1 AMP Anal anhyd AOaqAratm ATP ATPase av9-BBN 9-BBN-H Bn,Bzl BOC,Boc BODIPY bpbpybrBu,n-Bu s-But-BuBzB3L YP℃calcd cAMP CAN CASSCF CASPT2 cat CBZ,Cbz CCCD observed optical rotation in degreesspecific rotation [expressed without units;the units, (deg·mL)/(g·dm),are understood]angstrom(s)acetylacetylacetonateadenosine 5’-diphosphate2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrileAustin model 1adenosine 5’-monophosphatecombustion elemental analysisanhydrousatomic orbitalaqueousarylatmosphere(s)adenosine 5’-triphosphateadenosinetriphosphataseaverage9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonyl9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanebenzyltert-butoxycarbonyldipyrromethene boron difluorideboiling point,base pair2,2’-bipyridylbroad (spectral)normal (primary) butylsec-butyltert-butylbenzoyl (not benzyl)3-parameter hybrid Becke exchange/Lee-Yang-Parr correlation functional degrees Celsiuscalculatedadenosine cyclic 3’,5’-phosphateceric ammonium nitratecomplete active space self-consistent fieldcomplete active space with second-order perturbation theorycatalyticbenzyloxycarbonyl (preferred over the abbreviation Z)coupled clustercircular dichroismcDNA CICIF CIDNP cmcm-1cod compd concd concn COSY cotCpm-CPBA CVCyδdDABCO dansyl DBN DBU DCC DCE DCM DDQ DEAD DEPT DFT DIBALH DMA DMAP DMDO DME DMF DMPU DMSO DMT DNA DPSdrDTTE1 complementary deoxyribonucleic acidchemical ionization; configuration interactioncrystallographic information filechemically induced dynamic nuclear polarizationcentimeter(s)wavenumber(s)1,5-cyclooctadienecompoundconcentratedconcentrationcorrelation spectroscopy1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraenecyclopentadienylmeta-chloroperoxybenzoic acidcyclic voltammetrycyclohexylchemical shift in parts per million downfield from tetramethylsilane day(s);doublet(spectral);decidensity1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonyl1,5- diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene1,8- diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-eneN,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide1,2-dichloroethanedichloroethane2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinonediethyl azodicarboxylatedistortionless enhancement by polarization transferdensity functional theorydiisobutylaluminum hydridedimethylacetamide4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridinedimethyldioxirane1,2-dimethoxyethanedimethylformamide1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinonedimethyl sulfoxide4,4’-dimethoxytrityl(4,4’dimethoxyltriphenylmethyl) deoxyribonucleic acidtert-butyldiphenylsilyldiastereomer ratiodithiothreitolunimolecular eliminationE2ED50 EDTA EI EPReq equiverESIEtFAB FDFID Fmoc FTgGC GTPhHF HMBC HMPA HMQC HOMO HPLC HRMS HSQC HzICR INDO IPIRJkKLLAH LCAO LD50 LDA LFER LHMDS lit bimolecular eliminationdose effective in 50﹪of test subjectsethylenediaminetetraacetic acidelectron impactelectron paramagnetic resonanceequationequivalentenantionmer ratioelectrospray ionizationethylfast atom bombardmentfiled desorptionflame ionization detector;free induction decay9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonylFourier transformgram(s);prefix to NMR abbreviation denoting gradient-selected (e.g.gCOSY,gHMQC)gas chromatographyguanosine 5’-triphosphatehour(s)Hartree-Fockheteronuclear multiple bond correlationhexamethylphosphoric triamide(hexamethylphosphoramide)heteronuclear multiple quantum correlationhighest occupied molecular orbitalhigh-performance liquid chromatographyhigh-resolution mass spectrometryheteronuclear single quantum correlationhertzion cyclotron resonanceintermediate neglect of differential overlapionization potentialinfraredcoupling constant (in NMR spectrometry)kiloKelvin(s)(absolute temperature)liter(s)lithium aluminum hydridelinear combination of atomic orbitalsdose that is lethal in 50﹪of test subjectslithium diisopropylamide;local density approximationlinear free energy relationshiplithium hexamethyldisilazane,lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amideliterature value (abbreviation used with period)LTMP LUMO μmMM+ MALDI max MCD MCR MCSCF MD Me MEM Mes MHz min lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperididelowest unoccupied molecular orbitalmicromultiplet (spectral);meter(s);millimolar (moles per liter);megaparent molecular ionmatrix-assisted laser desorption ionizationmaximummagnetic circular dichroismmulticomponent reactionmulti-configuration self-consistent fieldmolecular dynamicsmethyl(2-methoxyethoxy)methyl2,4,6-trimethylphenyl(mesityl)[not methylsulfonyl(mesyl)] megahertzminute(s);minimuHOW TO APPROACH THE ANALYSIS OF A SPECTRUM (OR WHAT YOUCAN TELL AT A GLANCE)·Concentrate first on learning these major peaks and recognizing their presence or absence.1.Is a carbonyl group present? The C=O group gives rise to a strong absorption in the region1820-1660 cm-1(Conjugated ketones appear near 1680 cm-1).The peak is often the strongest in the spectrum and of medium width.2.If C=O is present,check the following types (if it is absent,go to step 3):ACIDS:Is O-H also present?·Broad absorption near 3400-2400 cm-1(usually overlaps C-H) AMIDES:Is N-H also present?·Medium absorption near 3400 cm-1;sometimes a double peak.ESTERS:Is C-O also present?·Strong-intensity absorption near 1300-1000 cm-1.ANHYDRIDES:Two C=O absorption near 1810 and 1760 cm-1.ALDEHYDES:Is aldehyde C-H present?·Two weak absorptions near 2850 and 2750 cm-1.KETONES:The preceding five choices have been eliminated.3.If C=O is absent:Compound may haveALCOHOLS,PHENOLS:Check for O-H.·Broad absorption near 3400-3300 cm-1.·Confirm this by finding C-O near 1300-1000 cm-1.AMINES: :Check for N-H.·Medium absorption(s) near 3400 cm-1ETHERS:Check for C-O near 1300-1000 cm-1(and absence of O-H near 3400 cm-1).4.Double bonds or aromatic rings·C=C is a weak absorption near 1650 cm-1.·Medium-to-strong absorptions in the region 1600-1450 cm-1;these often imply an aromatic ring.·Confirm the double bond or aromatic ring by consulting the C-H region;aromatic and vinyl C-H occur to the left of 3000 cm-1(aliphatic C-H occurs to the right of this value).5. Triple bonds·C≡N is a medium,sharp absorption near 2250 cm-1.·C≡C is a weak, sharp absorption near 2150 cm-1.·Check also for acetylenic ≡C-H near 3300 cm-1.6. Nitro groups·Two strong absorption at 1600-1530 cm-1 and 1390-1300 cm-1.7. Simple Hydrocarbons:V ery few peaks/simple FTIR spectrum showing only –C-H,-CH2,-CH3 vibrations (right side of the 3000 cm-1,bending vibrations appear at 1375 to 1465 cm-1).8.Halogens (F,Cl,Br,I):Fluoride 1400-1000 s; Chloride 785-540 s; Bromide,Iodide<667 s.If none of the above peaks appear:consult a book or research paper for the details of FTIR.OR go to websites www.acros.be; mMMOmolMOMmpMPMRCImRNAMsMS MTBE MW,mol wt m/zNNAD+ NADH NBONBSNCS NICSnmNMO NMP NMR NOE NOESYNRTNuobsdODORDPCCPDCPESPhpivpmPM3PMBPPAppm millimolar (millimoles per liter)molecular orbitalmoles(s);molecular (as in mol wt)methoxymethylmelting pointMøller-Plesset perturbation theorymulti-reference configurationinteractionmessenger ribonucleic acidmethylsulfonyl(mesyl)mass spectrometrymethyl tert-butyl ethermolecular weightmass-to-charge ratio (not m/e)normal (equivalents per liter)nicotinamide adenine dinucleotidereduce NADnature bond orbitalN-bromosuccinimideN-chlorosuccinimidenucleus-independent chemicalshiftnanometer(s)N-methylmorpholine-N-oxideN-methylpyrrolidonenuclear magnetic resonancenuclear Overhauser effectnuclear Overhauser effectspectroscopynatural resonance theorynucleophileobservedoptical densityoptical rotary dispersionpyridinium chlorochromatepyridinium dichromatephotoelectron spectroscopyphenylpivaloylpicometer(s)parametric method 3p-methoxybenzylpoly(phosphoric acid)part(s) per millionPPTSPriPrPTPTCpyqQSARRCMredoxrelR fRHFROESYROMPrRNArtsSARSCFSEMSETS N1S N2S N’SOMOttTTBABTBACTBAFTBSTBHPpyridinium para-toluenesulfonatepropylisopropylperturbation catalysisphase-transfer catalysispyridinequartet (spectral)quantitative structure-activityrelationshipring-closure metathesisreduction-oxidationrelativeretention factor (inchromatography)restricted Hartree-Fockrotating frame Overhauser effectspectroscopyring-opening metathesispolymerizationribosomal ribonucleic acidroom temperaturesinglet (spectrla);second(s)structure-activity relationshipself-consistent fieldscanning electron microscopy;2-trimethylsilyethoxymethylsingle electron transferunimolecular nucleophilicsubstitutionbimolecular nucleophilicsubstitutionnucleophilic substitution withallylic rearrangementsingle-occupied molecular orbitaltriplet (spectral)time;temperature in units ofdegrees Celsius (℃)absolute temperature in units ofkelvins (K)tetrabutylammonium bromidetetrabutylammonium chloridetetrabutylammonium fluoridetert-butyldimethylsilyltert-butyl hydroperoxidTCA TEAB TCNE EDDFT temp TEMPO TfTFA TFAA THF THP TIPS TLC TMAI TMEDA TMS TOFTr tRNAt RTsTS UHF UV VCD visvolv/v trichloroacetic acid etraethylammonium bromide tetracyanoethylenetime-dependent density functional theory temperature2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl trifluoromethanesulfonyl (triflyl) trifluoroacetic acidtrifluoroacetic anhydride tetrahydrofurantetrahydropyran-2-yltriisopropylsilylthin-layer chromatography tetrabutylammonium iodideN,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-1,2-ethylenediamine trimethylsilyl;tetramethylsilanetime-of-flighttriphenylmethyl (trityl)transfer ribonucleic acidretention time (in chromatography)para-toluenesulfonyl (tosyl)transition stateunrestricted Hartree-Fockultravioletvibrational circular dichroismvisiblevolumevolume per unit volume。

acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Aprotic[ә'prәutik] 【非质子的】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Az eotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Cataly sis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalytical [kætә`l itikәl] 【催化的】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】Cleavage【分离，脱除】column chromatography【柱层析】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】Deprotection【脱保护】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv] 【对映选择性的】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filter Cake【滤饼】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】in large scale【大量】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】Introduction【引入】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz] 【中和】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik] 【亲核的】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Route [`raut]【路线】Run column【用柱层析分离】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】side chain【侧链】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】stir bar 【搅拌子】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】m acid m 酸m.w. 分子量macaroni rayon 空心人造丝macassar gum 琼脂mace oil 肉豆蔻油maceration 浸渍。

专业英语词汇Unit 1TEXT A ： Chemical Reactions and Group Reactionscustomary a. 通常的，惯例的handle n.柄vt.触摸handling n.处理，管理derive vt.取得，得到，衍生oxidate vt.使氧化oxidation n.satisfactory a.令人满意的，符合要求的rapid a.快的，迅速的，动作快的combustion n.燃烧somewhat pron. ad. 一点点，几分，有点effort n.努力commercial a.商业的，商务的undesirable a不.合需要的，不受欢迎的，讨厌的retard vt.延迟，放慢，使停滞transformer n.变压器transform vt.改变，转变automotive a.自动的，机动的，汽车的cracked裂化的sluge n.软泥，淤泥stiff a.硬的，强烈的extent 广度，程度distillation n.蒸馏distill vt.vi.unrefined a.未精致，未提炼的acidity n.酸味，酸性acidify vt. Vi.Involve vt. 包缠，卷缠Fell=followingIndividual a.个人的，个体的Presumable a可.假定的，可推测的Destruction n.破坏，毁灭Overall n。

a.全面的，综合的Exceed 超过，胜过Isolate vt.隔离，孤立，使离析iso—构词成分“均匀”“异构”“苯”Analyse vt. 分析，分解Carbonyl 羰基Carboxyl羧基Hydroxyl羟基Decomposition分解Alkyl烷基，烃基Ketone 酮Aldehyde n.醛Yield vt. 出产，产出Explosive a. 爆炸Vapor n.蒸汽， vi.蒸发Propagation 繁殖，增殖；传播Dehydrate vt.使脱水Acet 构词成分Acetaldehyde乙醛Resin n.树脂Resinous a.树脂的Carboxylic a.羟基的Substantial a.物质的，实质的Susceptible a易.受感动的，敏感的Analogous a.类似的，相似的（ to）Response n.作答，回答，响应，反应Readily ad.乐意地，很快地Readiness n准.备就绪，愿意Extent n.广度长度Steric 空间的，位的Likewise ad.同样的，照样地；也，又Suffer vt.遭受，经历Progressive a进.步的，长进的，渐次的Adjacent a.邻近的，紧挨着的Terminal a.末端的，终点的MethyleneBromide n.溴化物Substitute n.代替物（人），代用品substitution n.代替，替换Remote a相.隔较远的Acetone n.丙酮Ether n.醚，乙醚Correspond vi.符合，一致；相当，相应Reservation n保.留，预定Tend vi.走向，趋向。

1.TheIdeal-GasEquation理想气体状态方程2.Partial Pressures分压3.Real Gases:Deviation from IdealBehavior真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4.Thevande rWaals Equation范德华方程5.Systemand Surroundings系统与环境6.Stateand State Functions状态与状态函数7.Process过程8.Phase相9.The First Lawof Thermodynamics热力学第一定律10.Heatand Work热与功11.Endothermicand Exothermic Processes吸热与发热过程12.Enthalpiesof Reactions反应热13.Hess’s Law盖斯定律14.Enthalpiesof Formation生成焓15.Reaction Rates反应速率16.Reaction Order反应级数17.Rate Constants速率常数18.Activation Energy活化能19.The Arrhenius Equation阿累尼乌斯方程20.Reaction Mechanisms反应机理21.Homogeneous Catalysis均相催化剂22.Heterogeneous Catalysis非均相催化剂23.Enzymes酶24.The Equilibrium Constant平衡常数25.the Directionof Reaction反应方向26.L eChatelier’s Principle列·沙特列原理27.Effects of V olume,Pressure,Temperature Changesand Catalystsi.体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28.Spontaneous Processes自发过程29.Entropy (StandardEntropy)熵（标准熵）30.The Second Law of Thermodynamics热力学第二定律31.EntropyChanges熵变32.StandardFree-EnergyChanges标准自由能变33.Acid-Bases酸碱34.The Dissociation of Water水离解35.The Protonin Water水合质子36.Thep H ScalespH值37.Bronsted-Lowry Acidsand Bases Bronsted-Lowry酸和碱38.Proton-Transfer Reactions质子转移反应39.Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs共轭酸碱对71.ThePauli Exclusion Principle泡林不相容原理72.Electron Configurations电子构型73.The PeriodicTable周期表74.Row行75.Group族76.Isotopes,Atomic Numbers,andMass Numbers同位素，原子数，质量数77.Periodic Properties o fthe Elements元素的周期律78.Radiu of Atoms原子半径79.Ionization Energy电离能80.Electronegativity电负性81.Effective Nuclear Charge有效核电荷82.Electron Affinities亲电性83.Metals金属84.Nonmetals非金属85.Valence Bond Theory价键理论86.Covalence Bond共价键87.Orbital Overlap轨道重叠88.Multiple Bonds重键89.Hybrid Orbital杂化轨道90.The VSEPR Model价层电子对互斥理论91.Molecular Geometries分子空间构型92.Molecular Orbital分子轨道93.Diatomic Molecules双原子分子94.Bond Length键长95.Bond Order键级96.Bond Angles键角97.Bond Enthalpies键能98.Bond Polarity键矩99.Dipole Moments偶极矩100.Polarity Molecules极性分子101.Polyatomic Molecules多原子分子102.Crystal Structure晶体结构130.Peroxidesand Superoxides过氧化物和超氧化物131.Hydroxides氢氧化物132.Salts盐133.p-BlockElementsp区元素134.Boron Group(Boron,Aluminium,Gallium,Indium,Thallium)硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135.Borane硼烷136.Carbon Group(Carbon,Silicon,Germanium,Tin,Lead)碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137.Graphite,Carbon Monoxide,Carbon Dioxide石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138.CarbonicAcid,Carbonatesand Carbides碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139.Occurrenceand Preparation of Silicon硅的存在和制备140.Silicic Acid，Silicates硅酸，硅酸盐141.Nitrogen Group(Phosphorus,Arsenic,Antimony,andBismuth)氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142.Ammonia,NitricAcid,PhosphoricAcid氨，硝酸，磷酸143.Phosphorates,phosphorus Halides磷酸盐，卤化磷144.Oxygen Group(Oxygen,Sulfur,Selenium,andTellurium)氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145.Ozone,HydrogenPeroxide臭氧，过氧化氢146.Sulfides硫化物147.Halogens(Fluorine,Chlorine,Bromine,Iodine)卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148.Halides,Chloride卤化物，氯化物149.The Noble Gases稀有气体150.Noble-GasCompounds稀有气体化合物151.d-Blockelementsd区元素152.Transition Metals过渡金属153.Potassium Dichromate重铬酸钾154.Potassium Permanganate高锰酸钾155.Iron Copper ZincMercury铁，铜，锌，汞156.f-Block Elementsf区元素nthanides镧系元素158.Radioactivity放射性159.Nuclear Chemistry核化学160.Nuclear Fission核裂变161.Nuclea Fusion核聚变162.analyticalchemistry分析化学163.qualitativeanalysis定性分析186.deviation偏差187.precision精密度188.relativestandarddeviation相对标准偏差（RSD）189.coefficientvariation变异系数（CV）190.confidencelevel置信水平191.confidenceinterval置信区间192.significanttest显著性检验193.significantfigure有效数字194.standardsolution标准溶液195.titration滴定196.stoichiometricpoint化学计量点197.endpoint滴定终点198.titrationerror滴定误差199.primarystandard基准物质200.amountofsubstance物质的量201.standardization标定202.chemicalreaction化学反应203.concentration浓度204.chemicalequilibrium化学平衡205.titer滴定度206.generalequationforachemicalreaction化学反应的通式207.protontheoryofacid-base酸碱质子理论208.acid-basetitration酸碱滴定法209.dissociationconstant解离常数210.conjugateacid-basepair共轭酸碱对211.aceticacid乙酸212.hydroniumion水合氢离子213.electrolyte电解质214.ion-productconstantofwater水的离子积215.ionization电离216.protoncondition质子平衡217.zerolevel零水准218.buffersolution缓冲溶液219.methylorange甲基橙220.acid-baseindicator酸碱指示剂221.phenolphthalein酚酞251.cerimetry铈量法252.redoxindicator氧化还原指示253.oxygenconsuming耗氧量（OC）254.chemicaloxygendemanded化学需氧量(COD) 255.dissolvedoxygen溶解氧(DO)256.precipitation沉淀反应257.argentimetry银量法258.heterogeneousequilibriumofions多相离子平衡259.aging陈化260.postprecipitation继沉淀261.coprecipitation共沉淀262.ignition灼烧263.fitration过滤264.decantation倾泻法265.chemicalfactor化学因数266.spectrophotometry分光光度法267.colorimetry比色分析268.transmittance透光率269.absorptivity吸光率270.calibrationcurve校正曲线271.standardcurve标准曲线272.monochromator单色器273.source光源274.wavelengthdispersion色散275.absorptioncell吸收池276.detector检测系统277.bathochromicshift红移278.Molarabsorptivity摩尔吸光系数279.hypochromicshift紫移280.acetylene乙炔281.ethylene乙烯282.acetylatingagent乙酰化剂283.aceticacid乙酸284.adiethylether乙醚285.ethylalcohol乙醇286.acetaldehtde乙醛287.β-dicarbontlcompoundβ–二羰基化合物288.bimolecularelimination双分子消除反应289.bimolecularnucleophilicsubstitution双分子亲核取代反应322.Michaelreacton麦克尔反应323.halogenatedhydrocarbon卤代烃324.haloformreaction卤仿反应325.systematicnomenclatur系统命名法e326.Newmanprojection纽曼投影式327.aromaticcompound芳香族化合物328.aromaticcharacter芳香性r329.Claisencondensationreaction克莱森酯缩合反应330.Claisenrearrangement克莱森重排331.Diels-Alderreation狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332.Clemmensenreduction克莱门森还原333.Cannizzaroreaction坎尼扎罗反应334.positionalisomers位置异构体335.unimoleculareliminationreaction单分子消除反应336.unimolecularnucleophilicsubstitution单分子亲核取代反应337.benzene苯338.functionalgrou官能团p339.configuration构型340.conformation构象341.confomationalisome构象异构体342.electrophilicaddition亲电加成343.electrophilicreagent亲电试剂344.nucleophilicaddition亲核加成345.nucleophilicreagent亲核试剂346.nucleophilicsubstitutionreaction亲核取代反应347.activeintermediate活性中间体348.Saytzeffrule查依采夫规则349.cis-transisomerism顺反异构350.inductiveeffect诱导效应t351.Fehling’sreagent费林试剂352.phasetransfercatalysis相转移催化作用353.aliphaticcompound脂肪族化合物354.eliminationreaction消除反应355.Grignardreagent格利雅试剂灭滴灵Metronidazole柠檬酸CitricAcid硝酸钙calciumnitrate癸二酸SebacicAcid冰醋酸glacialaceticacid维生素C磷酸镁MagnesiumAscorbylPhosphate 对苯二酚Hydroquinone环丙沙星盐酸CIPROFLOXACINHCL氢氧化钠SodiumHydroxide吗菌灵醋酸盐dodemorphacetate烯酰吗啉dimethomorph百菌清Chlorothalonil尼索朗hexythiazox哒螨灵pyridaben葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯gluconodeltalactone硫酸粘杆菌素colistinesulfate恩诺沙星EnrofloxacinBase土霉素盐酸OxyTetraCyclineHCl黄磷YellowPhosphorus索布瑞醇Sobrerol焦棓酸PYROGALLOL硫乙醇酸THIOGLYCOLLICACID茴香硫醚THIOANISOLE1-溴-3-氯丙烷1-BROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE 氟苯FLUOROBENZEN叔丁基胺tert-butylamine丙烯酸树脂Acrylicresin维生素B6VITAMINB6磺胺胍Sulfaguanidine松香树脂GumRosin苯甲酸钠SODIUMBENZOATE双氧水HydrogenPeroxide6-氨基己烷-1-醇6-aminohexan-1-ol邻苯二甲酸酐PhthalicAnhydride2,3-二氨基甲苯2,3-diaminotoluene吲哚indole2-甲基吲哚2-methylindole三苯基硼triphenylborane松油精Dipentine十六烷醇CetylAlcohol呋喃-2-硼酸FURAN-2-BORONICACID莫匹罗星Mupirocin高锰酸钾PotassiumPermanganate噻苯咪唑Thiabendazole42-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3,propanediol二环戊二烯Dicyclopentadiene(DCPD)金红石型氧化钛TitaniumDioxide(Rutile)Topgrade硼酸boricacid氧化铅LeadOxide邻苯二甲酸酐PhthalicAnhydride叔丁基锡烷tributylstannane碳黑CarbonBlackElftex430碳黑CarbonBlackN300碳黑CarbonBlackN-326磷酸PHOSPHORICACID硝酸铅LEADNITRATE硬脂酸铅LEADSTEARA TE次硫酸钠SodiumHydrosulfite磷酸二氢铵AmmoniumDihydrogenPhosphate 水合肼HydrazineHydrate6三聚磷酸钠SodiumTripolyphosphate氧化铁黄ironoxideyellow氧化铁红ironoxidered1,1,1-三氯乙烷1,1,1-TrichloroEthane氯化铵AmmoniumChloride苯酚PHENOL甲氧苄氨嘧啶TRIMETHOPRIM磷酸三钙tricalciumphosphate酒石酸苯甲曲秦PhendimetrazineTartrate碳酸氢钠sodiumbicarbonate氯四环素盐酸ChlortetracyclineHCl三水合氨卡青霉素AmpicillinTrihydratemicronized 山梨糖醇SorbitolPowder一水葡萄糖DextroseMonohydrate碳化钙calciumcarbide柚皮甙Naringin叶绿素铜钠盐sodiumcopper苏打灰sodaash酒石酸盐tartrate鉻酸銨AMMONIUMCHROMATE苦味酸PICRICACID甲酸铵AMMONIUMFORMATE7聚丙烯薄膜PPSHEETFOROPPTAPE氨基乙酸Glycine氨比西林AMPICILINE土霉素盐酸OxytetracyclineHCL6-溴-2-羟基萘6-Bromo-2-hydroxynaphthalene2，6-二甲氧基萘2,6-Dimethoxynaphthalene2，6-二羟基萘2,6-Dihydroxynaphthalene6-甲氧基-2-羟基萘6-Methoxy-2-hydroxynaphthalene 2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚2-Tertiary-butyl-4-methylphenol 炉甘石Calamine5-溴-2-甲基嘧啶5-Bromo-2-methylpyridine氯化镁MagnesiumChloride。

structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金metal 金属metalloid 非金属Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, tooxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的refining 炼油refinery 炼油厂cracking 裂化separation 分离fractionating tower 分馏塔fractional distillation 分馏distillation column分裂蒸。

☆常用： ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [mæɡ’ni:zj əm] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ə’tæsi əm] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习：▪ FeBr2 ▪ (NH4)2SO4 ▪ NH4H2PO4▪KMnO4▪亚硫酸▪sulfurous acid▪H2S▪NO2 有机物命名▪Hydrocarbon▪{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}▪Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃)▪{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}▪Alcohol 醇▪Aldehyde 醛▪Ketone [‘ki:təun] 酮▪Carboxylic acid 羧酸▪Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)▪{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习▪甲烷乙炔▪丙酮丁醇▪戊烷己烯▪庚醛辛烷▪2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθiəm] n.锂Beryllium [bə’riljəm] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘səudiəm] n.钠Potassium [pə’tæsiəm] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidiəm] 铷Caesium [‘si:ziəm] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核，是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘hælədʒən] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘pƆzətiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径，raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’tælik] character[‘kæriktə] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektrəu’pɔzətiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘aiənai’zeiʃən] energy 电离能carbon 碳 germanium[dʒə:’meiniəm] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘səudiəm] 钠 magnesium[mæɡ’ni:zjəm] 镁silicon [‘silikən] 硅 chlorine [’klɔ:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘nɔnmi’tælik]adj.n.非金属的，非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’drɔksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘drɔksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’sɔljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘ɔnik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [bə’sisiti] n. 碱性，碱度Oxyacid [,ɔksi’æsid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘sʌlfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,æmfə’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘æsid] n. adj.alkali [‘ælkəlai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’dreiʃən] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidrəlaiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘ɔksisɔ:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物，复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的，如果供给能量，有失去电子的趋势。

化学专业英语化学专业英语是化学专业学生需要掌握的一门重要语言技能。

以下是一些常见的化学专业英语词汇和表达方式：Acid 酸Base 碱Neutral 中性Chemical Bond 化学键Element 元素Compound 化合物Mixture 混合物Ion 离子Covalent Bond 共价键Polar Bond 极性键Nonpolar Bond 非极性键Radical 基团Molecule 分子Atom 原子Isomer 同分异构体Reaction Equation 反应方程式Chemical Equation 化学方程式Chemical Name 化学名称Formula 分子式Structure 结构pH 值Solubility 溶解度Extraction 萃取Crystallization 结晶Dissolution 溶解Evaporation 蒸发Condensation 冷凝Sublimation 升华Distillation 蒸馏Filtration 过滤Precipitation 沉淀Chromatography 色谱法Spectroscopy 光谱法Gas Chromatography 气相色谱法Liquid Chromatography 液相色谱法Mass Spectrometry 质谱法Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 核磁共振波谱法UV-Vis Spectroscopy 紫外-可见光谱法IR Spectroscopy 红外光谱法Titration 滴定法Gravimetric Analysis 重力分析法Thermal Analysis 热分析法X-ray Diffraction X射线衍射法。

常用分析化学专业英语词汇absorbance 吸光度absorbent 吸附剂absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption peak 吸收峰absorptivity 吸收系数accident error 偶然误差accuracy 准确度acid-base titration 酸碱滴定acidic effective coefficient 酸效应系数acidic effective curve 酸效应曲线acidity constant 酸度常数activity 活度activity coefficient 活度系数adsorption 吸附adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂affinity 亲和力aging 陈化amorphous precipitate 无定形沉淀amphiprotic solvent 两性溶剂amphoteric substance 两性物质amplification reaction 放大反应analytical balance 分析天平analytical chemistry 分析化学analytical concentration 分析浓度analytical reagent (AR) 分析试剂apparent formation constant 表观形成常数aqueous phase 水相argentimetry 银量法ashing 灰化atomic spectrum 原子光谱autoprotolysis constant 质子自递常数auxochrome group 助色团back extraction 反萃取band spectrum 带状光谱bandwidth 带宽bathochromic shift 红移blank 空白blocking of indicator 指示剂的封闭bromometry 溴量法buffer capacity 缓冲容量buffer solution 缓冲溶液burette 滴定管calconcarboxylic acid 钙指示剂calibrated curve 校准曲线calibration 校准catalyzed reaction 催化反应cerimetry 铈量法charge balance 电荷平衡chelate 螯合物chelate extraction 螯合物萃取chemical analysis 化学分析chemical factor 化学因素chemically pure 化学纯chromatography 色谱法chromophoric group 发色团coefficient of variation 变异系数color reagent 显色剂color transition point 颜色转变点colorimeter 比色计colorimetry 比色法column chromatography 柱色谱complementary color 互补色complex 络合物complexation 络合反应complexometry complexometric titration 络合滴定法complexone 氨羧络合剂concentration constant 浓度常数conditional extraction constant 条件萃取常数conditional formation coefficient 条件形成常数conditional potential 条件电位conditional solubility product 条件溶度积confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对constant weight 恒量contamination 沾污continuous extraction 连续萃取continuous spectrum 连续光谱coprecipitation 共沉淀correction 校正correlation coefficient 相关系数crucible 坩埚crystalline precipitate 晶形沉淀cumulative constant 累积常数curdy precipitate 凝乳状沉淀degree of freedom 自由度demasking 解蔽derivative spectrum 导数光谱desiccant; drying agent 干燥剂desiccator 保干器determinate error 可测误差deuterium lamp 氘灯deviation 偏差deviation average 平均偏差dibasic acid 二元酸dichloro fluorescein 二氯荧光黄dichromate titration 重铬酸钾法dielectric constant 介电常数differential spectrophotometry 示差光度法differentiating effect 区分效应dispersion 色散dissociation constant 离解常数distillation 蒸馏distribution coefficient 分配系数distribution diagram 分布图distribution ratio 分配比double beam spectrophotometer 双光束分光光度计dual-pan balance 双盘天平dual-wavelength spectrophotometry 双波长分光光度法electronic balance 电子天平electrophoresis 电泳eluent 淋洗剂end point 终点end point error 终点误差enrichment 富集eosin 曙红equilibrium concentration 平衡浓度equimolar series method 等摩尔系列法Erelenmeyer flask 锥形瓶eriochrome black T (EBT) 铬黑Terror 误差ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) 乙二胺四乙酸evaporation dish 蒸发皿exchange capacity 交换容量extent of crosslinking 交联度extraction constant 萃取常数extraction rate 萃取率extraction spectrphotometric method 萃取光度法Fajans method 法杨斯法ferroin 邻二氮菲亚铁离子filter 漏斗filter 滤光片filter paper 滤纸filtration 过滤fluex 溶剂fluorescein 荧光黄flusion 熔融formation constant 形成常数frequency 频率frequency density 频率密度frequency distribution 频率分布gas chromatography (GC) 气相色谱grating 光栅gravimetric factor 重量因素gravimetry 重量分析guarantee reagent (GR) 保证试剂high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 高效液相色谱histogram 直方图homogeneous precipitation 均相沉淀hydrogen lamp 氢灯hypochromic shift 紫移ignition 灼烧indicator 指示剂induced reaction 诱导反应inert solvent 惰性溶剂instability constant 不稳定常数instrumental analysis 仪器分析intrinsic acidity 固有酸度intrinsic basicity 固有碱度intrinsic solubility 固有溶解度iodimetry 碘滴定法iodine-tungsten lamp 碘钨灯iodometry 滴定碘法ion association extraction 离子缔合物萃取ion chromatography (IC) 离子色谱ion exchange 离子交换ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ionic strength 离子强度isoabsorptive point 等吸收点Karl Fisher titration 卡尔•费歇尔法Kjeldahl determination 凯氏定氮法Lambert-Beer law 朗泊-比尔定律leveling effect 拉平效应ligand 配位体light source 光源line spectrum 线状光谱linear regression 线性回归liquid chromatography (LC) 液相色谱macro analysis 常量分析masking 掩蔽masking index 掩蔽指数mass balance 物料平衡matallochromic indicator 金属指示剂maximum absorption 最大吸收mean, average 平均值measured value 测量值measuring cylinder 量筒measuring pipette 吸量管median 中位数mercurimetry 汞量法mercury lamp 汞灯mesh [筛]目methyl orange (MO) 甲基橙methyl red (MR) 甲基红micro analysis 微量分析mixed constant 混合常数mixed crystal 混晶mixed indicator 混合指示剂mobile phase 流动相Mohr method 莫尔法molar absorptivity 摩尔吸收系数mole ratio method 摩尔比法molecular spectrum 分子光谱monoacid 一元酸monochromatic color 单色光monochromator 单色器neutral solvent 中性溶剂neutralization 中和non-aqueous titration 非水滴定normal distribution 正态分布occlusion 包藏organic phase 有机相ossification of indicator 指示剂的僵化outlier 离群值oven 烘箱paper chromatography(PC) 纸色谱parallel determination 平行测定path lenth 光程permanganate titration 高锰酸钾法phase ratio 相比phenolphthalein (PP) 酚酞photocell 光电池photoelectric colorimeter 光电比色计photometric titration 光度滴定法photomultiplier 光电倍增管phototube 光电管pipette 移液管polar solvent 极性溶剂polyprotic acid 多元酸population 总体postprecipitation 后沉淀precipitant 沉淀剂precipitation form 沉淀形precipitation titration 沉淀滴定法precision 精密度preconcentration 预富集predominance-area diagram 优势区域图primary standard 基准物质prism 棱镜probability 概率proton 质子proton condition 质子条件protonation 质子化protonation constant 质子化常数purity 纯度qualitative analysis 定性分析quantitative analysis 定量分析quartering 四分法random error 随机误差range 全距(极差)reagent blank 试剂空白Reagent bottle 试剂瓶recording spectrophotometer 自动记录式分光光度计recovery 回收率redox indicator 氧化还原指示剂redox titration 氧化还原滴定referee analysis 仲裁分析reference level 参考水平reference material (RM) 标准物质reference solution 参比溶液relative error 相对误差resolution 分辨力rider 游码routine analysis 常规分析sample 样本,样品sampling 取样self indicator 自身指示剂semimicro analysis 半微量分析separation 分离separation factor 分离因数side reaction coefficient 副反应系数significance test 显著性检验significant figure 有效数字simultaneous determination of multiponents 多组分同时测定single beam spectrophotometer 单光束分光光度计single-pan balance 单盘天平slit 狭缝sodium diphenylamine sulfonate 二苯胺磺酸钠solubility product 溶度积solvent extraction 溶剂萃取species 型体(物种)specific extinction coefficient 比消光系数spectral analysis 光谱分析spectrophotometer 分光光度计spectrophotometry 分光光度法stability constant 稳定常数standard curve 标准曲线standard deviation 标准偏差standard potential 标准电位standard series method 标准系列法standard solution 标准溶液standardization 标定starch 淀粉stationary phase 固定相steam bath 蒸气浴stepwise stability constant 逐级稳定常数stoichiometric point 化学计量点structure analysis 结构分析supersaturation 过饱和systematic error 系统误差test solution 试液thermodynamic constant 热力学常数thin layer chromatography (TLC) 薄层色谱titrand 被滴物titrant 滴定剂titration 滴定titration constant 滴定常数titration curve 滴定曲线titration error 滴定误差titration index 滴定指数titration jump 滴定突跃titrimetry 滴定分析trace analysis 痕量分析transition interval 变色间隔transmittance 透射比tri acid 三元酸true value 真值tungsten lamp 钨灯ultratrace analysis 超痕量分析UV-VIS spectrophotometry 紫外-可见分光光度法volatilization 挥发V olhard method 福尔哈德法volumetric flask 容量瓶volumetry 容量分析Wash bottle 洗瓶washings 洗液water bath 水浴weighing bottle 称量瓶weighting form 称量形weights 砝码working curve 工作曲线xylenol orange (XO) 二甲酚橙zero level 零水平。

专业英语词汇Unit 1 TEXT A：Chemical Reactions and Group Reactions customary a. 通常的，惯例的handle n.柄vt.触摸handling n.处理，管理derive vt.取得，得到，衍生oxidate vt.使氧化oxidation n.satisfactory a.令人满意的，符合要求的rapid a.快的，迅速的，动作快的combustion n.燃烧somewhat pron. ad. 一点点，几分，有点effort n.努力commercial a.商业的，商务的undesirable a.不合需要的，不受欢迎的，讨厌的retard vt.延迟，放慢，使停滞transformer n.变压器transform vt.改变，转变automotive a.自动的，机动的，汽车的cracked 裂化的sluge n.软泥，淤泥stiff a.硬的，强烈的extent 广度，程度distillation n.蒸馏distill vt.vi.unrefined a.未精致，未提炼的acidity n.酸味，酸性acidify vt. Vi.Involve vt.包缠，卷缠Fell=followingIndividual a.个人的，个体的Presumable a.可假定的，可推测的Destruction n.破坏，毁灭Overall n。

a.全面的，综合的Exceed 超过，胜过Isolate vt.隔离，孤立，使离析iso—构词成分“均匀”“异构”“苯”Analyse vt. 分析，分解Carbonyl 羰基Carboxyl 羧基Hydroxyl 羟基Decomposition 分解Alkyl 烷基，烃基Aldehyde n.醛Yield vt. 出产，产出Explosive a. 爆炸Vapor n.蒸汽，vi.蒸发Propagation 繁殖，增殖；传播Dehydrate vt.使脱水Acet 构词成分Acetaldehyde 乙醛Resin n.树脂Resinous a.树脂的Carboxylic a.羟基的Substantial a.物质的，实质的Susceptible a.易受感动的，敏感的Analogous a.类似的，相似的（to）Response n.作答，回答，响应，反应Readily ad.乐意地，很快地Readiness n.准备就绪，愿意Extent n.广度长度Steric 空间的，位的Likewise ad.同样的，照样地；也，又Suffer vt.遭受，经历Progressive a.进步的，长进的，渐次的Adjacent a.邻近的，紧挨着的Terminal a.末端的，终点的MethyleneBromide n.溴化物Substitute n.代替物（人），代用品substitution n.代替，替换Remote a.相隔较远的Acetone n.丙酮Ether n.醚，乙醚Correspond vi.符合，一致；相当，相应Reservation n.保留，预定Tend vi.走向，趋向。

(完整版)化学专业英语一、基础词汇篇1. 原子与分子Atom（原子）：物质的基本单位，由质子、中子和电子组成。

2. 化学反应Reactant（反应物）：参与化学反应的物质。

Product（物）：化学反应后的物质。

Catalyst（催化剂）：能改变化学反应速率而本身不发生永久变化的物质。

3. 物质状态Solid（固体）：具有一定形状和体积的物质。

Liquid（液体）：具有一定体积，无固定形状的物质。

Gas（气体）：无固定形状和体积的物质。

4. 酸碱盐Acid（酸）：在水溶液中能电离出氢离子的物质。

Base（碱）：在水溶液中能电离出氢氧根离子的物质。

Salt（盐）：由酸的阴离子和碱的阳离子组成的化合物。

5. 溶液与浓度Solution（溶液）：由溶剂和溶质组成的均匀混合物。

Solvent（溶剂）：能溶解其他物质的物质。

Solute（溶质）：被溶解的物质。

Concentration（浓度）：溶液中溶质含量的度量。

二、专业术语篇1. 有机化学Organic Chemistry（有机化学）：研究碳化合物及其衍生物的化学分支。

Functional Group（官能团）：决定有机化合物化学性质的原子或原子团。

Polymer（聚合物）：由许多重复单元组成的大分子化合物。

2. 无机化学Inorganic Chemistry（无机化学）：研究不含碳的化合物及其性质的化学分支。

Crystal（晶体）：具有规则排列的原子、离子或分子的固体。

OxidationReduction Reaction（氧化还原反应）：涉及电子转移的化学反应。

3. 物理化学Physical Chemistry（物理化学）：研究化学现象与物理现象之间关系的化学分支。

Chemical Bond（化学键）：原子间相互作用力，使原子结合成分子。

Thermodynamics（热力学）：研究能量转换和物质性质的科学。

4. 分析化学Analytical Chemistry（分析化学）：研究物质的组成、结构和性质的科学。