英语中考时态复习

英语中考复习时态系列之（一）现在进行时作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。

现在进行时表示1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。

e.g. he is reading . they are talking now.2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

e.g. they are working these days.3、某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。

e.gi am coming.其结构为be+现在分词. 现在分词的变法有1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing ,e.g. jump2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing. e.g have write3、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing. e.g. sit put其句式变换都在be上做文章。

e.g. he is buying a bike.is he buying a bike?he isn’t buying a bike.一般由look,listen, now, at this moment等时间状语做标志。

尽管现在进行时比较简单，但在做题过程中也常会犯一些错误，常见的错误有如下几种：英语中考复习时态系列之（二）一般现在时一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，是中考复习的重点。

它表示1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

e.g. i go to school on foot. he is very busy now. 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。

e.g. he can swim. i work hard. i like watching tv. 3)表示客观真理 e.g. there are seven days in a week. the moon moves round the earth.其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”，有时为了起强调作用，时间状语也可提前.其句式变化可分为两种情况 1)表示动作，一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。

e.g. they have lunch at 12:00. they don’t have lunch at 12:00. do they have lunch at 12:00?2）单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。

e.g. jenny speaks english very well.jenny doesn’t speak english very well.does jenny speak english very well?含有be动词的要在be上做变化.e.g. danny is a good student.danny isn’t a good student.is danny a good student?其时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词，on saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等做题时常见错误如下：一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中例：we are plant (plant) the trees in spring.答案：plant解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了“我们是在春天植树”。

这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中，be是表状态，do是表动作，两种动词不能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀：“英汉语言有差异，be 、do不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。

”英语中考复习时态系列之(三) 过去进行时过去进行时是表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作。

可以从两个方面来理解：1 过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。

e.g. they were playing foo tball at ten o’clock yesterday morning. my mother was cooking when i got home.i was washing my clothes at this time yesterday. 2 过去某阶段持续进行的动作 what were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时e.g. jenny was reading while danny was writing.其结构是助动词be的过去形式was/were +v-ing.其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。

e.g. we were working in class.we weren’t working in class. were you working in class?过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间的状语连用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last sunday 等。

也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。

e.g. the students all worked hard. everyone knew what he was working for.做题时常见错误如下：一、易把be+现在分词记成be+过去分词例：he was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.答案：was talking解析：过去进行时与现在进行时结构上的区别体现在be动词上。

二、丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词例：1 i watching (watch) tv when he came in.2 they were play (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing例：we were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday. (对划线部分提问)what were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?四、易与现在进行时弄混例：my mother is cooking (cook)when i got home.五、易与一般过去时弄混例：昨晚我在读一本故事书。

i read (read) a story book yesterday evening另外，在宾语从句中当主句为过去时，从句若是现在进行时，需变成过去进行时。

e.g. he said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday.英语中考复习时态系列之（四）一般过去时一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。

可以从以下几个方面来理解：1）过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。

e.g.i bought a new shirt yesterday. he was a worker two years ago.2）过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

e.g. when i was a child,i often played with fire. li lei always walked to school last term.3）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。

e.g. lu xun was a great writer.4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态。

e.g. what did you say?另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。

e.g. could you lend me your pen?其结构是"主语+动词的过去式"。

be动词的过去式为was, were；行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况：1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g.work-----worked; ask------asked; 2）以e结尾的动词只加-d.e.g. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. e.g.shop-----shopped; 4)以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------studied.有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住.其句式变化分为两种情况1)含有be动词的依然在be上做文章. e.g. i was born in 1980. i was not born in 1980. were you born in 1980? 2)含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词didn't.,同时把动词变成原形; 变一般疑问句,在句首加助动词did,同时把动词变成原形. e.g. i bought a gift for my mum yesterday. i didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday. did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?其时间状语为yesterday或由其构成的短语,e.g. yesterday morning; 由"last+时间"构成的短语, e.g. last year; 由"时间段+ago"构成的短语, e.g. three days ago; 另外,还有on the morning of monday, just now等,以及一些表示过去时态的从句.注意,在宾语从句中主句为过去,一般从句也为过去.常见错误如下:一把动词变成过去式易出错例: 1 they stoped (stop) talking just now.2 they plaied (play) football yesterday.答案: 1 stopped 2 played解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:"动词变成过去式,双写规律要牢记;y前若是辅音字,y变i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只须直接加-ed."二忘记把动词变成过去式例: i fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of sunday.答案: flew解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:"一般过去时态里,过去形式莫忘记".三在句式变换时易出错例: 1 we didn't went (not go) out last friday.2 did you had (have) a good time yesterday?答案: 1 didn't go 2 did have解析:请记住口诀"见助动, 用原形."四易与单三人称作主语的一般现在时弄混例: he taughts (teach) me english last year.答案: taught解析:行为动词的过去式无人称和数的变化.即使主语是单三人称,也和其它人称所用动词的形式一样.五易与现在完成时弄混例: 我看过这部电影i saw(see) the film.答案: i have seen (see) the film.解析:"我看过这部电影"说明我了解这部电影的内容,强调现在的情况,应用现在完成时;一般过去时态的句子只是说明我看了这场电影,与现在无关..六易与过去进行时弄混,这里不在重复。