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2020届高考英语一轮复习讲解：冠词【考纲解读】冠词虽然只有三个,属于“小品词”,却因其在英语语言中使用极频繁、用法极灵活,命题者常拿其大作文章。
冠词是历年来的考查重点,着重考查以下几个方面：（1）冠词的基本用法,即泛指、类指和特指,如泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词、the＋单数名词表示类指等;（2）冠词的活用,如the younger of the two表示“两个之中较年轻的一个”;（3）冠词的习惯搭配,如in danger, on the phone等。
2020年高考在单项填空中对冠词进行了考查,其他试卷也在短文改错、完形填空或阅读理解中作了隐性考查。
因而可以预言,在来年的高考试题中,冠词仍将是考查的热点。
纵观历年高考试题,我觉得冠词考点主要集中在以下内容:1. 考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法2. 考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法3. 考查不定冠词和定冠词在固定搭配中的用法4. 考查零冠词（即省略冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法5. 考查冠词在表示类别名词前的用法[6. 考查不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法7. 考查冠词在比较级前的用法8. 考查冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法【知识要点】冠词是一种虚词，无词义，也没有数和格的变化，不能独立使用，常常放在名词前，帮助说明这个名词的意义。
复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：其一：单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；其二：复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；其三：无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指其前都要加定冠词the。
一、不定冠词的用法1.不定冠词表示数量“一”，与one相近。
如：I will finish this work in a day.我一天就要完成这项工作。
2.不定冠词用在首次提到的人或物之前，表示泛指。
如：There is a park on the corner of the street.在这条街的拐角处有个公园。
2017.09.高三语法复习之一------冠词【学习目标】1. To master the grammar rules and important points about the article firmly.2. To be able to use them flexibly by self-study and cooperation.【使用说明】自习：25分钟自学语法规则，15分钟完成能力训练。
【考纲要求】1. 明确定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的使用情况.2. 能分清特指、泛指、与冠词有关的固定搭配的记忆.3. 冠词是在高考新题型语法填空和短文改错中是必考项目，能够做到灵活使用。
【冠词的分类】冠词分为不定冠词“a，an”、定冠词“the”和零冠词三种，零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。
不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指。
泛指是指首次提到的人或事物。
特指是指在上文已提到的人或事物，也可以是指说话双方心目中所默认的特定的人或事物。
【冠词基础知识】一、不定冠词的用法:元音前用an，辅音前用a。
判断加a 还是an，要根据发音而不是根据字母。
例如：She is an honest girl who has a gift for painting.1.用于可数名词单数前，表示"一"：There is a tiger in the zoo.2. 表示一类人和东西：A tiger can be dangerous.3. 表示"某一个"、"同一"、"每一"的意思：A（Some）gentleman wants to see you. 某个先生想见你。
They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。
The two shirts are much of a size. 这两件衬衫大小差不多。
4. 表示的意思：We go swimming four times a week.5. 用在作表语的单数可数名词前表示身份职业：My mother is a teacher.6. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个：Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.二、定冠词的用法:1. 用以特指某人或某事物：This is the house where Lu Xun once lived.2. 用于指谈话双方都明确所指或复述上文提过的人或事物：Open the door, please.Once there lived a lion in the forest. Every day the lion asked small animals to look for food for him.2017.09.（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”）3. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前：January is the first month of the year. Marry is the most beautiful girl in our class.但在表示“又；再”的含义时用不定冠词：He failed in the experiment, but he tried it a second time.a most beautiful girl 一个非常漂亮的女孩4. 表示宇宙中或世界上独一无二的事物：the sun the moon the earth the sky the world5. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前：the West Lake, the Great Wall, the United States , the UnitedNations6. 用在表示方向、方位的名词前：in the east in the west in the front at the back at the topat the bottom on the right7. 用在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前：the Pacific Ocean 太平洋the Huanghe River 黄河the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡8. 和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物：谓语动词用复数the poor 穷人the rich 富人the sick 病人the wounded 伤员9. 用在表示阶级、政党的名词前：the working class 工人阶级the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党10. 用在the very强调句中：This is the very book I want. 这就是我想要的那本书。
高考英语一轮复习01：冠词一、单选题1．Jack was playing ________ guitar while I was playing ________ soccer.A．a; /B．the; /C．/; the D．/; a【分析】杰克在弹吉他，而我在踢足球。
表示演奏乐器时，乐器前面使用定冠词the，球类前使用零冠词。
故选B。
2．Some researchers point out that _________ daydreaming is _________ means of relaxation.A．the; a B．/; the C．a; the D．/; a【分析】一些研究人员指出，白日梦是一种放松的方式。
第一空，daydreaming “白日梦”，是抽象名词，不可数，此处泛指，不用冠词；第二空means“方式”，可数名词，泛指，应用不定冠词，故选D。
3．The woman who used to be in _______ charge of a big company is in _______ charge of a nurse at present.A．the; 不填B．the; the C．不填; 不填D．不填; the【分析】那个曾经负责一家大公司的女人现在由一个护士负责。
介词短语in charge (of sth)“负责（某事）”；in sb's charge/ in the charge of sb，“由某人负责”，根据句意可知，第一空为“负责某事”；第二空为“由某人负责”。
故选D。
4．The pizzas are delicious. Little Tom would like to have ________ third piece because ________ second piece is rather too small.A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a【分析】披萨很好吃。
语法专题（附参考答案）专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。
下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1. 冠词的位置2.不定冠词3. 定冠词冠词5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。
1. in front of 在……（外）的前面 ; in the front of 在……（内）的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁He seldom talks at table.They sat at the table, talking and laughing.4. by day 白天；日间 ; by the day 按日计He works in an office by day.Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.5. take place 发生；举行 ; take the place 代替；接替When did this conversation take place?Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England. 6. in words 用言语 ; in a word 总之Please express your thought in words.In a word, I don’t trust you.7. at times 有时；不时 ; at a time 一次I do feel a little nervous at times.Pass me the bricks two at a time.8. little 少；不多的 ; a little 一些；一点点Hurry up, there’s little time left.Don’t hurry, you sti ll have a little time.9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个He is a man of few words.Only a few of the children can read.10.a most interesting 非常有趣的 ; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）This is a most interesting story.This is the most interesting story of the three.11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 ; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士A doctor and nurse is standing there.A doctor and a nurse are standing there.12.A number of 许多；好些; the number of …（的）数目A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”.1.---Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in thefilm we saw yesterday?3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard. --- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was_______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities toprevent _________ spread of AIDS.6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellentfootballer.11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.（二）语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.The king chose 10 second picture.答案：I 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the6 the; a7 an8 the9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a 12 the 13 the 14 the15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23a 24 The 25 the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 anII 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9a 10. the专题二名词I、重点难点解析名词的高考命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。
2020届全国新高考英语核心考点考点01 冠词2020届全国高考英语复习备考建议（一）.以词汇为抓手，培养词汇的活用能力。
3500词汇常抓不懈，时刻贯穿课堂，以讲练结合的形式逐一过关。
指导学生科学地记忆单词依然是二轮复习的重点。
过好词汇关才会有挑战高分的资本。
（二）.以阅读和写作为重点，搞好专题突破，提升能力。
1. 阅读是考查学生语言运用能力的主要形式，体裁多样，内容广泛。
因此，应选择不同体裁如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及不同题材如科普知识、人物传记、历史文化、新闻报道等时效性较强而且学生感兴趣、难易度与高考相近的文章，让学生限时阅读。
因为学生在限时阅读时，精力集中，思维积极，理解效果好，可以提高阅读速度。
（阅读理解四篇，30分钟，目的是提高阅读速度，培养良好的阅读习惯。
然后，马上讲评，可以让学生讲，老师补充。
）阅读中要克服心理障碍，其表现为长句障碍、词汇障碍、文化障碍以及话题体裁障碍（有同学一看到科普类、社会文化类的文章，头就昏了，马上产生畏惧心理），这就要求老师对学生心理指导，并帮助他们提高长难句的分析能力以及答题技巧，往往文章难的，设题简单，并告诉他们如何从文章中找到答案，陌生词不是那么可怕。
2.写作：2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。
书面表达能力的提高一方面需要大量阅读，另一方面离不开反复地进行语言基本功的训练。
而英语写作能力的培养必须由简到繁，由易到难，由浅入深，循序渐进地进行训练。
平时强化词汇、语法知识的运用，背诵一定篇数的经典范文，并在此基础上多读、多写，养成良好的写作习惯。
考生应该加强审题的训练，熟悉英语的五种简单基本句型，写好英语简单句。
背课文和范文佳作，并且模仿其中的高级表达，学会使用这些高级表达来润色自己的文章。
熟悉和了解高考书面表达的评分标准以及得分档次。
加强书写的工整和美观。
（三）、听力训练要常抓不解，久久为功。
除了每天坚持听一套听力材料外，还应在课堂上对学生听力技巧的训练。
名词、代词、冠词考点一名词题型一名词的根本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.If you want to see how life was back in the old days, China still has many beautiful water (town) to visit.【答案】towns2.They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making (preparation)for the long cold winter.【答案】preparations3.Now, nearly 500 acres of sand is being turned into farms producing corn, (tomato) and sunflowers.【答案】tomatoes4.Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring (country).【答案】countries5.A few dollars can help to fill a (child)hungry stomach.【答案】child’sⅡ.单句改错6. He usually goes to see his parents on Saturday’s evening.【答案】Saturday’s→Saturday7.Some of us also made a public speech to tell people some knowledges about protecting the environment.【答案】knowledges→knowledge题型二名词构词法1.The Zhongshan team completed tasks including installation of and tests for LiDAR, drilling of ice bedrock, atmospheric sounding (observe), surveys of birds and aerial exploration carried out by the fixed-wing aircraft.【答案】observation2.You may not know the name John Stith Pemberton, but you must know the name of his (invent):Coca-Cola.【答案】invention3.I was traveling in a small place in New York. That place had no taxi for a short (distant).【答案】distance4.Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, (strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork.【答案】strength5.Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border control, the (encourage) of trade and the control of immigration.【答案】encouragement6.In 1962, Rachel Carson’s best-selling book “Silent Spring〞 created an (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(农药).【答案】awareness7.Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect ecosystem, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism.【答案】combination考点二代词Ⅰ.单句填空1.China’s research icebreaker X uelong, on Thursday local time left the Zhongshan Station on (it) way back to China.【答案】its2.To lighten the addiction, he created his own drink by using leaves of coca and kola nuts. He named “Pemberton’s French Wine Coca〞.【答案】it3.More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of (they).【答案】them4.In a Weibo post, he thanked netizens for (they) love and praise.【答案】their5.In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu.【答案】himselfⅡ.单句改错6.Without ads, that would be difficult to get across a product’s basic message.【答案】that→it7.A large number of students and even some teachers took an active part in it, where the participants handed in our works which were later graded bycalligraphers.【答案】our→their8.But even if every large city purified and reused it’s water, we still would not have enough water.【答案】it’s→its9.I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like neither of them very much.【答案】neither→either考点三冠词题型一冠词的根本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.Also known as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2 last year, beginning country’s 35th Antarctic expedition.【答案】the2.It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life,it’s ongoing process.【答案】an3.Chaplin liked idea of working in the film industry because it would mean a new life.【答案】the4.Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country.【答案】 aⅡ.单句改错5.I’m lucky enough to make friends with so nice person.【答案】person前加a6.What a impressive experience!【答案】a→an题型二冠词的习惯用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.The sound of the car died away in distance.【答案】the2.Eating chocolate once in while makes it easier for you to resist eating it all the time.【答案】 a3.Beavers build themselves curious huts to live in, and quite frequently great number of these huts are placed close together.【答案】 a4.All ofsudden, a student rushed in and pushed her aside.【答案】 aⅡ.单句改错5.Some of the scenery in this area ranks among best in the country.【答案】best前加the6.To tell a truth, my spoken English used to be a big headache for me.【答案】第一个a→thestly, you should remember to take some food for the lunch because we’ll stay there and chat with them at noon.【答案】删除the《真题训练》考点一名词第一组1.(某某,6)The(possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility2.(江苏,32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the(assume) you’ve made.【答案】assumption3.(江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain) are hard to find.【答案】explanations4.(浙江,4 )It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.【答案】electricity5.(江苏,24)—Can you tell us your recipe for (happy) and a long life?—Living every day to the full, definitely.【答案】happiness6.(江苏,32)Some schools will have to make(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.【答案】adjustments/adjustment7.(江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my(apologize).【答案】apology/apologies8.(浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.【答案】stress9.(安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some(think)and then let me know.【答案】thought第二组1.(2020届安徽六安一中月考一,66)Though alone, you can enjoy your travel in (silent) while thinking quietly.【答案】silence2.(2020届贵州贵阳8月摸底,67)Human food is very bad for thebaboons’(tooth)because it has a lot of sugar.【答案】teeth3.(2020届河南天一大联考阶段检测Ⅰ,67)That writing system was of great (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture.【答案】importance4.(2020届江西临川二中月考一,65)Due to the (arrive) of more Chinese, more shops and businesses grew up.【答案】arrival5.(2020届黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,45)These grapes bring wealth as well as their delicious (sweet) to the locals.【答案】sweetness6.(河北保定摸底考试,70)Bringing together Western Medicine and TCM, rather than being in (compete), is where the potential for great effects lies.【答案】competition7.(海南儋州一次统测,64)By the time of his (die), he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold in the world. 【答案】death8.(河南洛阳期中考试,64)So far modern (platform) have taken the place of traditional focuses with a wider range of creative enterprises from smart infrastructure construction to design and robots.【答案】platforms9.(浙江温州普通高中高考适应性测试,62)He decided to put his plan into (act)—building a garden.【答案】action10.(江西红色七校一联,64)To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is that it will give us the chance to watch world-class matches and(compete)close to home. 【答案】competitions考点二代词第一组1.(某某,3)A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than who are not.【答案】those2.(某某,11)was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.【答案】It3.(浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different fromin the UK.【答案】that4.(某某,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.【答案】that5.(浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?【答案】it6.(重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure. 【答案】nobody7.(陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the.【答案】other8.(四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.【答案】none第二组1.(2020届安徽“江淮十校〞一联,67)In terms of social psychology, one way of thinking about this is that we feel much better about (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse, a process known as downward social comparison.【答案】ourselves2.(2020届贵州贵阳8月摸底,68)(they)job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.【答案】Their3.(2020届河南许昌高级中学月考一,43)Then he hid (him) nearby and watched carefully to see if anyone would remove the big rock.【答案】himself4.(2020届黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,49)If you pick one grape and put in your mouth, you will surely never forget the wonderful taste.【答案】it5.(2020届四川绵阳南山中学9月月考,70)Now it occurred to (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.【答案】him6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,67)However, quite a few other people, especially in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness〞.【答案】those7.(山西太原期中考试,69)In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.【答案】it8.(吉林长春市实验中学月考三,63)On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise (they) heads with the sound of thunder.【答案】their9.(湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,64)They say normal levels of stress can help students to work and think faster and more effectively,as well asimprove(they)performance.【答案】their10.(江西红色七校一联,69)In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare(it)for the big show.【答案】itself考点三冠词第一组1.(浙江,2) prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris. 【答案】The; a2.(浙江,2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.【答案】the3.(重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask. 【答案】the;a4.(四川,5)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven. 【答案】 a第二组1.(2020届河南许昌高级中学月考一,50)The villager learned a valuable lesson that many others would never understand: Every obstacle presents opportunity to improve one’s condition.【答案】an2.(2020届黑龙江大庆铁人中学开学考试,62)Every year, butterfly(蝴蝶) lovers in California go out in November to count monarch butterflies. They got a worrying result from their fall monarch count in — number of monarchs had dropped by 86% since .【答案】the3.(2020届江西临川二中月考一,61)Gerrard Street, which is between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, is the most important street in the area. There is unique community with many Chinese restaurants, supermarkets and shops.【答案】 a4.(2020届江西南昌开学摸底,70)So the key to using a happy smile to make you better runner may be to smile sincerely and often near a race’s end, but in 30-second bursts, rather than constantly.【答案】 a5.(2020届云南昆明一中一次摸底,61)The Economist is English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd.【答案】an6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,69)The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with unique banquet.【答案】 a7.(吉林省吉林市调研一,64)But naps can actually be double-edged sword because while we’re awake during the day, we’re building up sleepiness or sleep pressure.【答案】 a8.(湖北鄂东南教育教学改革联盟期中考试, 61)Produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and the Ministry of Educati on(MOE),“First Class for New Semester〞 has becomemandatory viewing activity for parents and students on the first day of the fall semester.【答案】 a9.(江西红色七校一联,70)splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.【答案】 A10.(河北唐山五校月考,64)As the saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack dull boy.〞【答案】 a。
专题01 冠词和名词I.单项填空1.【2019·江苏卷】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的； C. proportion比例，占比； D. pension退休金，抚恤金。
故选A。
2.【2019·天津卷】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives inmany ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。
statement“陈述说明”；impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”；impression“印象，感想”；judgement“判断力判断”。
故选B。
3.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists toexplore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
考点十二词性转换限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1．My English improved a lot; more importantly, I gained much ________ (confident)．答案：confidence 句意：我的英语提高了许多；更重要的是，我的自信心增强了不少。
所填词涉及形容词变为名词的后缀：ence。
句中的much为限定词，后应接名词，作宾语。
根据派生法规则，confident的名词形式为confidence。
2．Smoking during pregnancy ________ (danger) your baby's life．答案：will endanger 句意：孕期抽烟会危及胎儿生命。
所填词涉及名词转化为动词的构词法：en。
句中所填词应为谓语动词，意为“危及”；根据派生词构词法规则，可在名词前加前缀en，转化为相应意义的动词，即endanger；另外，本句表示叙述在某种情况下有可能发生的事，应用情态动词will，故填will endanger。
3．It was a ________ (fog) cold morning when he set off for the remote village．答案：foggy 句意：在一个寒冷的起雾的上午，他向那个遥远的村庄进发了。
句中所填词修饰morning，作定语。
根据派生法规则，fog的形容词形式为foggy。
4．People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use)．答案：useless 句意：对于重返学校，人们当然有各种理由，但是有一点需要知道的重要的事是，知识是有用的。
一、冠词冠词的用法在英语学习中较为复杂，千头万绪，尤其是惯用法，请同学们平时学习时注意积累。
以下不过是谈谈冠词的一些常规的用法。
一、不定冠词的用法：1、泛指人或事物的类别，相当于any, 如:A hammer is tool. A steel worker makes steel.2、泛指某人或某物。
A boy is waiting for you. There is a book on your desk.3、表one或every。
We work 8 hours a day. I go home twice a month.4、表示the same 的意思。
Birds of a (= the same) feather flock together; people of a kind come together.5、用在不可数名词前a)（用在物质名词前）一种，一份A large coffee for me. It was a wonderful tea.b)（用在某些表示风、雨等的名词前）It was clear daylight now and a fine rain was falling. There is a cold wind this morning.c)（用在抽象名词前）一种That is a great disappointment. It’s a pleasure to work with you.6、（用在某些专有名词前）某个叫…的人，一张…的画，一个象…的人等。
I saw a Mrs. Smith on the 12th at 2:00. He had a Van Gogh in the dining-room.What a strange London they saw! He’s a living Lei Feng.7、用于某些固定词组中。
a few, a little, a good many, a lot of, all of a sudden, as a rule, have a cold等。
考点一冠词限时25分钟一、用适当的冠词填空，不需要的画“/”1．________ tiger is ________ dangerous animal．答案：The; a 句意：老虎是一种危险的动物。
第二空表泛指用a；表种类可以用a/an 或the，为了避免重复，第一空须用定冠词the表示类指。
2．Jim, ________ student, is studying hard．答案：a a student作为同位语使用，表泛指，对Jim进行解释说明。
3．I don't think the experiment is ________ failure． At least we have gained ________ experience for future success．答案：a; / failure表示“失败”的概念时，是不可数名词；表示具体的“失败的人或事物”时，则为可数名词。
类似的单词还有：danger, surprise, pleasure, success, honour, difficulty等。
experience作“经历”讲时，是可数名词；作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词。
4．George couldn't remember when he first met Mr Anderson, but he was sure it was ________ Sunday because everybody was at ________ church．答案：a; / 句意：乔治不记得他是什么时候初见安德森先生的，但是他确定那是一个星期天，因为大家都在做礼拜。
第一空用a表示泛指；at church “做礼拜”，at the church “在教堂”。
5．Of the two poems, I like the shorter one better． I think it's really ________ most interesting one．答案：a 该空泛指一首非常有趣的诗。
most相当于very，表示“非常”。
6．Exploring ________ space is exciting, yet dangerous．答案：/ space意为“太空”时是抽象名词，其前不用冠词。
7．There was ________ chair by the window． On ________ chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms．答案：a; the 句意：窗户旁边有一把椅子。
椅子上坐着一位年轻妇女，怀里抱着一个婴儿。
第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二空指上文提到的那把椅子，应用定冠词the。
8．All the fellow workers were shocked by the news that Bob was appointed ________ director of the factory．答案：/ 句意：所有工友对于鲍勃被任命为工厂主管的这一消息感到很震惊。
表职位或官衔的名词作补语时，前面多不带冠词。
9．I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilson's because we don't have ________Wilson here in the village．答案：the; a 句意：我无法告诉你去往威尔逊家的路，因为我们村子里没有一个叫威尔逊的人。
way后面有介词短语作定语，是特指，因此way前应用定冠词；表示人名的专有名词Wilson在此泛指“一个叫威尔逊的人”，所以其前用不定冠词。
10．Tom is ________ taller of the two boys．答案：the 当用于比较级前表示“两者中较……的”时，应用定冠词the。
11．I fell in love with the city ________ first time I came here．答案：the 句意：我第一次来这里的时候就爱上了这座城市。
在序数词first前应用定冠词the。
12．The man caught the thief by ________ arm．答案：the 句意：那人抓住了小偷的胳膊。
“动词＋sb．＋介词＋the＋身体部位”为固定结构，故应填the。
13．He was born in ________ 1990s when his mother worked in a factory．答案：the 句意：他出生于二十世纪九十年代，那时他的母亲在一家工厂工作。
the 1990s “二十世纪九十年代”，在表示世纪、年代的词前应用定冠词the。
14．Henry pretended not to know me, but in ________ fact, we were good friends．答案：/ in fact是固定短语，意为“事实上，实际上”，应用零冠词。
15．Mary can play ________ violin well, but she can't play ________ piano．答案：the; the 句意：玛丽小提琴拉得好，但她不会弹钢琴。
西洋乐器名词与play连用时，名词前应用定冠词the。
16．You'd better go abroad by ________ plane so as to get there earlier．答案：/ 表示交通工具的名词与by连用时，名词前不用冠词。
17．We have no classes on ________ Sunday, so we often go to play ________ football．答案：/; / 句意：我们星期日不上课，因此我们经常去踢足球。
表示星期、球类的名词前通常不用冠词。
18．________ moon travels around ________ earth．答案：The; the 句意：月亮围着地球转。
表示世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the。
19．Telling Chinese stories well is ________ effective way to raise ________ influence of Chinese culture．答案：an; the 句意：讲好中国故事是提高中国文化影响力的有效途径。
effective是一个元音音素开头的单词，前面使用an; influence后面有定语of Chinese culture，故特指中国文化的影响力。
20．In ________ era when everyone is from the media, the Internet live broadcast area needs to maintain integrity and become a window into good social trends．答案：an 句意：在一个每个人都来自媒体的时代，网络直播需要保持它的诚实性和成为一个通向良好社会趋势的窗口。
空格后面的era是一个元音音素开头的单词，且此处表泛指，故填an。
21．You might not hear any gunshot, but the US has started war against China—________ biggest trade war in economic history．答案：the 句意：你可能没有听到枪声，但是美国已经发动了对中国的战争——经济史上最大的贸易战。
根据后面的形容词最高级可知，前面使用the。
22．In my opinion, we should head east, though the arrow on the sign points to ________ west．答案：the 方位词east, west, south, north等既可以用作副词也可以用作名词。
该句head east结构中， east用作副词，修饰动词head。
空格处在介词to之后， west在此用作名词。
方位名词前通常用定冠词the。
23．Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way．答案：a; the 句意：多年来，简的奶奶想写一本有关儿童的书，但总是被这样或那样的事情阻碍了。
第一空使用不定冠词表泛指，第二空in the way是固定搭配，意为“挡道”或“阻碍”。
24．Last weekend I went fishing with ________ Smiths． We had a good time．答案：the 句意：上周末，我和史密斯夫妇去钓鱼了。
我们玩得很高兴。
姓氏的复数之前用定冠词the表示一家人或夫妇俩。
25．The website asks visitors to join in the movement to reduce ________ number of illiterate people in the world．答案：the 句意：该网站请求网站的访问者参加这项活动以减少世界上文盲的数量。
the number of意为“……的数量”。
26．Many Internet users make ________ most of the halfprice promotion and it is a good opportunity for online shopkeepers to get their names known．答案：the 句意：许多网络用户会最大限度地利用半价销售活动，并且这对于网络商家来说也是一次让他们的店铺出名的好机会。
make the most of “充分利用”，为固定搭配。
27．Studies in China have shown that a person who can write well should have ________ good knowledge of between 3,000 and 4,000 characters．答案：a 句意：在中国的研究证明一个能够写得好的人，应当熟练地掌握3,000到4,000个汉字。
have a good knowledge of “精通，熟练掌握”，为固定搭配。
