2019年高考政治时事热点复习：浙江高考英语加权赋分事件

精准规范问责，让干部“服气”“振作”作者：杨雪来源：《党的生活（黑龙江）》 2020年第8期杨雪“问责8300 余个党组织、4.5 万余名党员领导干部……”前不久，中央纪委国家监委网站公布了2019 年开展党内问责的总体情况。

与2018 年相比，问责问题数量减少 1.5 万余起，问责党组织数量减少4600余个，问责人数减少1.6万余人。

中央纪委国家监委网站刊文分析指出，2019 年问责数量同比下降，问责质量得到提升，党中央关于推动实施精准问责以及整治形式主义官僚主义为基层减负的政策效应充分显现，问责更加精准、规范，问责不力和泛化、简单化问题得到有效纠治，激发了党员干部担当作为、干事创业的积极性，问责的严肃性和公信力进一步增强。

“动员千遍，不如问责一次”。

对负有责任、失职渎职的干部进行问责，是管理干部的必要措施，也是从严治党的必然要求。

那么，在失责必问、问责必严成为常态的背景下，如何既能让被问责的党员干部心服口服，又能促其变压力为动力呢？牵住“牛鼻子”，问准对象不泛化2018 年，山西省某地发生一起社会舆论密切关注的热点事件——在当地纪委对一起案件进行处理时，一位上任仅三天、与事件毫无瓜葛的分管领导被追究主要责任；而一位干部在为其解释时受到“牵连”，被予以通报批评。

无论是尽力工作却“越干越错”，还是事不关己也“躺着中枪”，都是因为没有抓准问责对象而导致的问责泛化，既损害了问责的权威性与公信力，又无法从根本上解决问题。

《人民日报》针对一定范围存在的问责泛化问题曾刊文指出：“找准问责对象，不搞大水漫灌式问责，既不能让干事创业者‘背锅’，也不能以‘集体责任’替代‘领导责任’。

”这一点，在《中国共产党问责条例》中明确规定，问责应当分清责任，强调“在职责范围内”承担责任。

这也是剑指“越到基层，问责压力越大”的乱象。

“责任状越签越多，干部都分不清哪些是自己该负责的。

有了这份责任清单，责任主体就明晰了，问责对象也明确了。

浙江高考政治选择题及答案2019浙江高考政治选择题真题24.2019年3月，“蒜你狠”、“猪周期”卷土重来，本轮大蒜、猪肉价格上涨的原因可能是( )①此前相当部分种养殖户退出生产②背后存在着炒作行为③种养殖技术取得了重大突破④随着收入水平提高居民对大蒜、猪肉的需求急剧增加A.①②B. ③④C. ①④D. ②③25.作为农村集体经营性建设用地入市改革试点，某村将闲置多年的20亩村办企业用地的使用权入市交易，并从交易收益拿出615万入股某商旅综合公司，使村民每年获得了分红。

这告诉我们( )A.股份合作制是农村集体经济的重要形式B.深化改革能够解放和发展农村生产力C.只有壮大农村集体经济才能实现共同富裕D.按土地要素贡献分配成为农村分配的主要方式某市政府采取“一企一策”的办法推动“僵尸企业”问题的解决。

对符合破产条件的企业及时引入破产程序，对兼并重组后可以重生的企业促其兼并重组，对无意愿无能力继续生产的企业依法收回用地，盘活存量土地，从而促进了该市经济的快速发展。

回答第26-27题。

26.上述材料表明 ( )①政府主要通过行政手段处置僵尸企业②破产有利于淘汰落后企业③破产和兼并有助于压缩企业规模④兼并可以提高企业和整个社会的资源利用效率A. ①②B.①③C.③④D.②④27.解决“僵尸企业”问题的办法包含的哲学道理有( )①关注矛盾两个方面的同时着重把握矛盾的主要方面②在矛盾普遍性原理指导下具体分析矛盾的特殊性③针对具体问题找出具体的解决方法④着眼于事物的要素进行系统优化A.①②B.③④C.②③D.①④28.漫画《水没多深》提醒我们( )A.失败是成功之母B.客观事实是复杂的C.没有调查就没有发言权D.一个人只有亲身实践才能获得正确认识29.2019年大气中二氧化碳浓度的增幅达到近几十年来的新高，这再次引起人们对全球变暖问题的担忧。

有研究指出，二氧化碳浓度的暴增，部分可能是厄尔尼诺现象造成的，但主要是人类活动中二氧化碳的持续排放导致的。

加权赋分是什么？导读：本文是关于生活中常识的，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。

加权赋分是教育学科和心理学的测试与评价中常用的术语，其主要目的是调整测试均衡效应，更好地解释测试的结果分数。

加权评赋分提供了基于许多标准选择项目的系统过程，在为每个项目分配权重和分数之后，通过将每个标准的权重乘以它的得分并添加结果值来计算加权赋分。

2018年11月浙江英语高考成绩加权赋分事件，是中华人民共和国浙江省2018年11月高考外语英语科目成绩结果中出现大量系统性成绩偏差引发的争议事件。

此次高考英语科目加权赋分是一起因决策严重错误造成的重大责任事故。

事件背景根据浙江新高考试点方案，普通高中学业水平考试成绩与高考直接挂钩，选考科目考试成绩以赋分方式计入高考成绩，但是语数外不参与赋分，按照原始分计算。

学考中的选考科目，7门中选3门，选考的成绩不是直接计入高考，实行的是赋分制，每门满分100分，以高中学考成绩合格为赋分前提，根据事先公布的比例确定等级，每个等级分差为3分，起点赋分40分。

在2018年11月刚结束的英语科目考试中，根据答卷试评情况，发现部分试题与去年同期相比难度较大。

为保证不同次考试之间的试题难度大体相当，浙江省招委组织专家研究论证，在制订评分细则时，决定面向所有考生，对难度较大的第二部分（阅读理解）、第三部分（语言运用）的部分试题进行难度系数调整，实施加权赋分。

其他试题未作调整。

社会质疑浙江教育考试院原定于11月23日晚公布选考科目及外语成绩，实则于11月24日上午公布。

英语公布成绩后，出现了大量客观题高分段考生最终成绩显著低于预计成绩，而客观题扣分较多者反而作文普遍扣分较少的现象，甚至出现根据官方答案预估的客观题扣分大于最终成绩与满分的差值的情况，即作文扣分为负分的“倒加分”。

在普遍认为此次试题难度较大的情况下，不少中学的总体成绩与以往持平甚至高于过去，引起社会各方面质疑以及对此次高考工作的公正性的疑虑。

选择题部分24.某镇居民喜食鸡肉和羊肉，近几年镇政府大力提倡发展养鸡业，市场上鸡肉供给大幅增加。

假定羊肉供给未变，这会使①鸡肉价格下降，需求量增加②羊肉价格上升，需求量增加③鸡肉需求量减少，价格上升④羊肉需求量减少，价格下降A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④25.2011年，国家将个人所得税起征点由2000元提高到3500元后，又大幅上调增值税和营业税起征点，如月销售额和营业额的最高标准都由原先的5000元提高到20000元。

国家提高税收起征点的直接效果是A.促进分配公平，达到财政收支平衡B.完善收入分配制度，提高企业生产效率C.增加中低收入者收入，减轻小微企业负担D.刺激居民消费需求，推动企业转型升级26.2008年金融危机以来，浙江民营企业加大海外投资力度，尤其是一批龙头企业从2011年开始集体发力参与国际并购，有的还把工厂开设到欧美国家。

浙江民营企业上述措施的意义在于①拓展经济发展空间，提升国际化经营水平②提高资源配置效率，增强抵御风险的能力③加快产业转移，充分发挥我国劳动力资源优势④创新利用外资方式，形成参与国际竞争新优势A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④27.我国地质地貌复杂，气候类型多样，自然灾害频发。

因此，科学防灾减灾对经济社会发展极为重要。

这里包含的道理有①地理环境是社会物质生活条件的基本要素②地质气候变化虽然复杂但一定有内在规律③发挥意识的能动作用就可以防灾减灾④顺从自然是防灾减灾的根本出路A.①②B.③④C.②③D.①④28.从畏惧自然到征服自然，进而认识到要善待自然、与自然和谐相处，千百年来人对自然态度的变化告诉我们①人对自然的认识在曲折中逐步深化②人与自然的矛盾有个逐步展开的过程③人与自然的关系是先对立后统一④人类终究无法把握无限的自然A.①②B.③④C.②③D.①④29.建设民生工程，既要建立惠及全民的基本公共服务，又要安排好困难群众的生产生活，还要妥善解决涉及群众利益的热点、难点、焦点问题。

1、2023浙江新高考赋分规则2023浙江新高考赋分规则是按照你分数排名的百分比而不是卷面分数来计算成绩。

遵循“原始分数——百分比例——等级——转化分数”的等级赋分路径。

所有考生成绩依据排名比例以100分为最高分，40分为最低分，3分为一档逐次降低，最终分为A、B、C、D、E五个等级。

2、2023浙江新高考如何赋分“3”指的是：语文、数学、外语3科满分均为150分，总分450分，各科均以原始成绩计入考生总成绩;“3”指的是：物理、化学、生物、历史、地理、政治任选3科，每科满分均为100分，以等级赋分成绩计入考生总成绩。

也就是说，涉及到“等级转换赋分”的科目，是物理、化学、生物、历史、政治、地理6门，这6门要以等级赋分后的成绩计入总成绩。

赋分制是按照你分数排名的百分比而不是卷面分数来计算成绩的一种方法。

遵循“原始分数——百分比例——等级——转化分数”的等级赋分路径。

具体等级比例和赋分区间：所有考生成绩依据排名比例以100分为最高分，40分为最低分，3分为一档逐次降低，最终分为A、B、C、D、E五个等级，其中前四个等级各有5个小档，最终排名前20%的成绩在A等级(100分-88分)，排名在21%-55%的成绩在B等级(85分-73分)，56%-85%的成绩在C等级(70分-58分)，86%-99%的成绩在D等级(55分-43分)，排名在最后1%的孩子成绩在E等级(40分)。

3、浙江新高考改革内容随着《浙江省深化高校考试招生制度综合改革试点方案》的发布，标志着浙江省正式全面深化统一高考招生改革，进一步完善高职提前招生、单独考试招生和“三位一体”招生改革，加快建立多类型、多元化考试招生制度。

实行改革后，浙江省将采取“3+3”高考模式，实行“7选3”科目组合。

在该模式中，第一个“3”是指统一高考的语文、数学、外语3门必考科目，其中，外语分为英语、日语、俄语、德语、法语、西班牙语;第二个“3”是指从物理、化学、生物、思想政治、历史、地理、技术(含通用技术和信息技术)7门选考科目中选择3门作为高考选考科目。

高考真题【精品解析】2019年浙江省高考英语试卷（解析版）2019年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)英语选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1.Where does this conversation take place?【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. In a classroom.B. In a hospital.C. In a museum. 【答案】B【解析】【详解】W: Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over now. Your wife must get some rest.M: Oh, I’m sorry, doctor. I didn’t hear the bell, or I would’ve left earlier.2.What does Jack want to do?【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C. Change his work schedule.【答案】A【解析】【详解】M: Hello, my name is Jack. I need to get in shape. How do I register for the classes? W: We’ll need you to join the gym,and then you can find out which classes fit your schedule the best.3.What are the speakers talking about?【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. What to drink.B. Where to meet.C. When to leave. 【答案】B【解析】【详解】W: I’ll see you at the theatre.M: Better still, let’s meet in the Red Lion bar to have a little nice talk.W: Good idea, and I’d love to have a drink there.4.What is the relationship between the speakers?【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Colleges.B. Classmates.C. Strangers.【答案】C【解析】【详解】M: Hello, my name is John Arber. And I’m calling to ask about the position advertised in Friday’s Dailymail.W: Yes, the position is still open. You could come over and have a talk with us.5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. She might want a ticket.B. She is looking for the man.C. She has an extra ticket.【答案】A【解析】【详解】M: I have an extra ticket to the concert tonight. Would you like to join me?W: Thanks, but I already have one. You can ask Emily. She might be interested.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语听力部分第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1. Where does this conversation take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a hospital.C. In a museum.2. What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C. Change his work schedule.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. What to drink.B. Where to meet.C. When to leave.4. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Classmates.C. Strangers.5. Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A. She might want a ticket.B. She is looking for the man.C. She has an extra ticket.第二节（共15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。

〖解密〗2019年高考英语浙江卷真题解析第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AZachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military (军队的) medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals’ rightful owners, and returns them.His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A.G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart — he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado’s sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: “Who are you? What antique shop?” However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in Water town, N.Y. “At that point, I knew she meant business,” Zac says. “To drive eight hours to come to see me.”The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zac’s mother had found was a family treasure. “This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions (场合) would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands,” Adeline says.As a child, Adeline couldn’t understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,” Adeline says, “and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left.” Corrado Picco li’s Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American CivicAssociation in Watertown.Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado’s medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.21. Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself?A. In the army.B. In an antique shop.C. From his mother.D. From Adeline Rockko.22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him?A. She was very impolite.B. She was serious about the medal.C. She suspected his honesty.D. She came from a wealthy family.23. What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?A. Her parents’ advice.B. Her knowledge of antiques.C. Her childhood dream.D. Her memory of her brother.答案与解析21. A 事实细节题根据第二段倒数第二句中的he earned one himself in a war as a soldier可知，Zac曾在一场战役中作为一名战士为自己赢得了一枚紫心勋章。

2023浙江新高考如何赋分2023浙江新高考如何赋分“3”指的是：语文、数学、外语3科满分均为150分，总分450分，各科均以原始成绩计入考生总成绩;“3”指的是：物理、化学、生物、历史、地理、政治任选3科，每科满分均为100分，以等级赋分成绩计入考生总成绩。

也就是说，涉及到“等级转换赋分”的科目，是物理、化学、生物、历史、政治、地理6门，这6门要以等级赋分后的成绩计入总成绩。

赋分制是按照你分数排名的百分比而不是卷面分数来计算成绩的一种方法。

遵循“原始分数——百分比例——等级——转化分数”的等级赋分路径。

具体等级比例和赋分区间：所有考生成绩依据排名比例以100分为最高分，40分为最低分，3分为一档逐次降低，最终分为A、B、C、D、E五个等级，其中前四个等级各有5个小档，最终排名前20%的成绩在A等级(100分-88分)，排名在21%-55%的成绩在B等级(85分-73分)，56%-85%的成绩在C等级(70分-58分)，86%-99%的成绩在D等级(55分-43分)，排名在最后1%的孩子成绩在E等级(40分)。

2023浙江新高考赋分规则怎么赋分2023浙江新高考赋分规则是按照你分数排名的百分比而不是卷面分数来计算成绩。

遵循“原始分数——百分比例——等级——转化分数”的等级赋分路径。

所有考生成绩依据排名比例以100分为最高分，40分为最低分，3分为一档逐次降低，最终分为A、B、C、D、E五个等级。

浙江新高考改革内容随着《浙江省深化高校考试招生制度综合改革试点方案》的发布，标志着浙江省正式全面深化统一高考招生改革，进一步完善高职提前招生、单独考试招生和“三位一体”招生改革，加快建立多类型、多元化考试招生制度。

实行改革后，浙江省将采取“3+3”高考模式，实行“7选3”科目组合。

在该模式中，第一个“3”是指统一高考的语文、数学、外语3门必考科目，其中，外语分为英语、日语、俄语、德语、法语、西班牙语;第二个“3”是指从物理、化学、生物、思想政治、历史、地理、技术(含通用技术和信息技术)7门选考科目中选择3门作为高考选考科目。

浅谈浙江高考新方案的等级赋分制作者：陈铄南来源：《课程教育研究·学法教法研究》2016年第35期【摘要】浙江省从2014年入学的高一新生开始实施新的高考方案。

在新高考方案里，学生可以从7门科目里选择3门作为选考科目。

新高考方案下的学考选考已有三次，采用的等级赋分办法出现的四种不公平不平衡现象，结合实际，提出了进一步完善等级赋分制的三点对策建议。

【关键词】浙江高考高考改革等级赋分【中图分类号G633.91 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089（2016）35-0251-02为贯彻落实《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》，浙江省制定了《关于印发浙江省深化高校考试招生制度综合改革试点方案的通知》（以下简称新高考）。

浙江出于“把促进学生健康成长和全面而有个性的发展作为改革着力点，深入推进素质教育。

强化分类考试、综合评价和多元录取机制，增加学生的选择性，分散学生的考试压力。

加强政府宏观管理，健全社会监督机制，确保高校考试招生公平公正。

”的理念，语文、数学、外语3门的科目为必考科目。

学生可以从思想政治、历史、地理、物理、化学、生物、技术（含通用技术和信息技术）等7门设有加试题的高中学考科目中，选择3门作为高考选考科目。

每科最多可以考2次，成绩2年有效。

3门必考科目成绩加3门选考科目成绩为考生得分。

其中，语文、数学、外语3门必考科目采用原始分，3门选考科目采用按参考学生排名等级赋分。

浙江省从2014年入学的高一新生开始实施新的高考方案，新高考方案下的高中学考选考已经开展三次，通过实践发现，新高考方案的等级赋分尚不完善，存在许多的问题，出现许多不公平、不平衡现象。

一、等级赋分制的基本情况这次新高考方案，7科中同一科目提供学考和选考两种试卷，学考满分70分，考“必考题”；选考在学考“必考题”基础上增加“加试题”（满分30分），选考满分100分。

高中学考和高考选考都以当次当科考试考生的卷面得分为依据，根据事先公布的等级比例，按最接近的累计比例划定等级。

2019浙江高考英语试题第一节：单项填空（共20题，每小题0.5分，满分10分）1.——Hey, can I ask you a favor? ====_______A.Here you areB.just as I thoughtC.how is it going?D.what can I do for you?2.Mary worked here as a ____-secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.A.pessimisticB.temporaryC.previousD.cautious3.I______myself more-----it was a perfect day.A.should n’t have enjoyed B.need n’t have enjoyedC.would n’t have enjoyed D.could n’t have enjoyed4.As the world’s population continues to grow, the ___of food becomes more and more of a concern. A.worth B.supply C.package D.list5.The children,____had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom6.If we leave right away,____we’ll arrive on time.A.hopefullyB.curiouslyC.occasionallyD.gradually7.______how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.A.HearingB.HearC.Having heardD.To be hearing8.Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam____at the age of six months old.A.wasB.beC.wereD.is9.When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to ____it with important points.A.concludeB.leadC.avoidD.hold10.During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs___sharply.A.was increasing B.has increasedC.had increased D.will be increasing 11.Half of _____surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.A.these B,.some C.ones D. those 12.A good listener takes part in the conversation,____ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.A.realizing B.copying C.offering D.misunderstanding13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform____visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.what B.where C.when D.why14.It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner._____,I’ll set the table.A.As a result B.On the whole C.In the meanwhile D.As a matter of fact 15.People develop______preference for a particular style of learning at______early age and these preferences affect learning.A.a; an B.a;不填 C.不填;the D.the ;an16.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief_____you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A.how B,that C.which D.whether17.Bears_____fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.A.pack upB.build upC.bring upD.take up18.If what your friend comes up with surprise you ,don’t reject it immediately._____,imagine that it is true.A.Thus B.Besides C.Rather D.Otherwise19.There are some health problems that, when ____in time, can become bagger ones later on.A.not treated B,not being treated C.not to be treated D.not having been treated20.-----Excuse me, but could I trouble you for some change? ------_______.Will pennies do?A.I knowB.Never mindC.I am sureD.Let me see第二节完型填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study. In my application letter, I was careful to 21 how much I wanted to see France; evidently, my excitement really came through in my words. Once I 22 that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and all sorts of new and 23 friends. Whiling travelling was inspiring and meeting people was 24, nothing about my term in France was what I 25.The moment I arrived in Paris, I was 26 by a nice French couple who could become my host parents. My experience was joyous and exiting 27. I received some shocking news from my parents; there had been a death in host parents ‘extended family. They had trave l outside France for several weeks. That afternoon, I had to 38 out of one family’s house and into another. The exchange coordinator told me, I’d have a 29 this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with a English speaker. To avoid the temptation(诱惑) to my native language, I asked not to be 30 with an English-speaking language roommate. When I got to my new room , I 32 myself new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian(巴西人) the people . Whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite Cos! In just a few hours, we knew we would be good friends for the rest of the 33.I left France with many 34, so when people asked me what my favorite part of this trip was, they are always hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and the scores of the weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends 36 France we enjoyed together. I love know people 37 seem so different, but end up being so 38. the most valuable lesson , I gained from the studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people 39 to resp ect all people , for your next best friend could be just a continent away. I would recommend exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful 40.21 A discuss B express C announce D argue22 A approved B knew C warned D denied23 A stubborn B anxious C universal D interesting24 A boring B upsetting C exiting D promising25 A expected B liked C doubted D feared26 A sponsored B witnessed C greeted D supported27 A until B when C since D while28 A move B travel C walk D rush29 A housekeeper B leader C roommate D colleague30 A learn B appreciate C speak D master31 A combined B fitted C involved D placed32 A added B introduced C devoted D adapted33 A term B week C month D vacation34 A presents B suitcase C stories D dreams35 A surprised B disturbed C embarrassed D connected36 A studying B exploring C describing D investigating37 A need B shall C must D can38 A generous B independent C similar D distant39 A and B but C or D so40 A instructions B friendships C facts D data第二部分阅读理解(第一节20小题，第二节5小题，每小题2分，满分50分)ANo one knows for sure when advertising first started. it is possible that it grows out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them . That led the conception of specialization, which means that people would specialize.or focus on doing one special job.Let’s take a man we’ll call Mr. Fielder, for example, he did everything connected with farming. He planted seeds, tended the fields and harvest and sold his crops. At the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. However, he didn’t make the bricks for his house, cut his rrees into boards, make the plows, or ant of the other hundreds of things a farm needs. Instead, he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those of things.Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr. Plowright. Using what he knew about farming and working with iron, Mr. Plowright, invented a plow that made farming easier. Mr. Plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in really good plows. Perhaps, he thought, other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows.How did Mr. Plowright let people know what he was doing? Why, he advertised, of course. First, he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointed to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows. Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. Even before most people could read, they understood such signs. Shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay or wood symbols for the products they had for sale.A medium in advertising talk is the way you communicate your message. You might sat the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. The second medium was audio, or sound although that term isn’t used exactly the way we used today. Originally just human voice and maybe some simple instruments, such as a bell, were used to get people’s attention.A crier, in a historical sense, isn’t someone who seeped easily. It is someone, probably a man with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. In ancient Egypt, shopkeepers mayhire such a person to spread the news about their products. Often these earliest forms of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. Perhaps the crier describes the goods, explained where they came from and praised their quality. His job was, in other words, not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today’s world.41 what probably led the start of advertising?A the discovery of ironB the specialization of laborC the appearance of new jobsD the development of farm techniques42 to advertise his plow, Mr. PlowrightA praised his plows in publicB placed a sign outside the shopC hung an arrow pointing to the shopD showed his products to the customers43 the writer makes up the two stories of Mr. .Fielder and Mr. Plowright in order toA explain the origin of advertisingB predict the future of advertisingC expose the problem in advertisingD provide suggestions for advertising44 in ancient Egypt was a crier was probably someone whoA owned a shipB had the loudest voiceC ran a shop selling goods to farmersD functioned like today’s TV or commercial44 the last two paragraphs are mainly aboutA the history of advertisingB the benefits of advertisingC the early forms of advertisingD the basic design of advertisingBBelow is a selection from a popular science book.If blood is red ,why are verns(静脉)blue?Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish color. Although blood looks red when it’s outside the body, when it’s sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it’s more of a dark reddish purple color. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.Which works harder, your heart or your brain?That kind of depends on whether you’re busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But ,in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you ‘re sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it .Why do teeth fall out, and why don’t they grow back in grown-ups?Baby (or “milk ”) teeth do not last long ; they fall out to make room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you’re done. When they’re gone, they’re gone. This is because nature figures you’re set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.Do old people shrink as they age?Yes and no. M any people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn’t because they’re shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力) . Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3-4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose5cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old pe ople don’t really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards --their legs. arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it’s because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved.Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)？Because your brain gets confused between what you’re seeing and what you’re feeling. The brain senses that you’re spinning using special gravity-and motion-sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. But, when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you’re moving while you’re not!Where do feelings and emotions come from?Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area --from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planetIf exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, it’s “use it, or lose it”! It’s not that exercise makes you healthy;it’s more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.46.When is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?A.Blue.B. Light yellow.C. RedD. Dark reddish purple.47.Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?A.Because their spine is in active use.B.Because they are more easily affected by gravity.C.Because they keep growing backwards.D.Because their spine becomes more bent.48.Which of the following statements about our brain is true?A.In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.B.When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.C.The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.D.Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.49.What is the main purpose of the selection?A.To give advice on how to stay healthy.B.To provide information about our body.C.To challenge new findings in medical research.D.To report the latest discoveries in medical science.CThe baby monkey is much more developed at brith than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born,the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large,warm, and soft object in its environment , particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or so , however, the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on “mother”-----the real mother or the mother-substitute(母亲代替物).During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological(心理的)thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows, a couple who are both psychologists, discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice fo two types of mother-substitutes ----one covered with cloth and one make of bare wire. IF the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature, the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However, if the wire model was heated, while the cloth model was cool, for the first two weeks after brith the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother.Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Sometime that the Harlows called contact(接触)comfort seems to be the answer, and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers’skins, putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened, disturbed, or annoyed, it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body. Wire does n’t “rub”as well as does soft cloth. Prolonged(长时间)”contact comfort”with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk.According to the Harlows, the basic quality of a baby’s love for its mother os trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother, the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball. If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom, the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort, it obviously begins to feel more secure. It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its”mother”.50.Psychologically, what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life?A.WarmthkC.contactD.trust51.After the first two weeks of their life,baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is_______.A. larger in sizeB.closer to themC.less frightening and less disturbingD.more comfortable to rub against52.What does the baby monkey probably gain from prolonged”contact comfort”?A.Attention.B.SoftnessC.confidenceD.interest .53.It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure,____.A.it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toysB.it spend more time time screaming to get rewardsC.it is less attracted to the toys though they are interestingD.it cares less about whether its mother is still around54.The main purpose of the passage is to______.A.give the reasons for the experimentB.present the findings of the experiment.C.introduce the method of the experimentD.describe the process of the experimentDIn 1974, after filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I took what I could get ---- a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area ; western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen---- teaching English.School started, but I felt more and more as if I were in a foreign country. Was this rural area really New Jersey? My studies took a week off when hunting season began. I was told they were also frequently absent in late October to help their fathers make hay on the farms. I was a young woman from New York City, who thought that”Make hay while the sun shines”just meant to have a good time.But, still, I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth-grade class ------seventeen boys and five girls who were only six years younger than me. I had a problem long before I know it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher . I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love of the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs and whisper dirty words in the back of the room In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior . So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable/ By the time my boss, who was also my taskmaster ,known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each other while the girls their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all was n’t happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the room, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marches before my eyes.I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying, but at my next freeperiod I had to face him. I wondered if he would let me finish out the day. I walked to his office, took a deep breath, and opened the door.He was gitting in his chair, and he looked at me long and hard. I said nothing. All I could think of was that I was not an English teacher; I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.When he spoke, he said simply, without accusation,”You had nothing to say to them.”“You had nothing to say to them.”he repeated,”No wonder they’re bored. Why not get to the meat of the literature and stop talking about symbolism.”Talk with them, not at them. And more important, why do you ignore their bad behavior?’”We talked. He named my problems and offered solutions. We role played. He was the bad student, and I was the forceful, yet ,warm,teacher/As the year progressed, we spent many hours discussing literature and ideas about human being. And their attentions ,he helped me identify my weakness and my strengths. In short, he made a teacher of me by teaching me the reality of Emerson’s words;”The secret to education lies in respecting the pupil.”Fifteen years later I still drive that same winding road to the same school. Thanks to the helpI received that difficult first year, the school is my home now.55.It can be inferred from the story that in 1974_______.A.The writer became an optimistic personB.The writer was very happy about her new jobC.It was rather difficult to get a job in the USAD. It was easy to get a teaching job in New Jersey56.According to the passage, which of the following is most probably the writher’s problem as a new teacher?A.She had blind trust in what she learnt at college.B.She did n’t ask experienced teachers for advice.C.She took too much time off to eat and sleep.D.She did n’t like teaching English literature57.What is the writer’s biggest worry after her taskmaster’s observation of her class?A.She might lose her teaching job.B.She might lose her students’ respectC.She could n’t teach the same class any more .D.She could n’t ignore her students’ bad behavior any more58.Which of the following gives the writher a sense of mild victory?A.Her talk about symbolism sounded convincingB.Her students behaved a little better than usual.C.She managed to finish the class without crying.D.She was invited for a talk by her boss after class.59.The students behaved badly in the writer’s classed because_____.A.they were eager to embarrass herB.she did n’t really understand themC.they did n’t regard her as a good teacherD.she did n’t have a good command of English60.The taskmaster’s attitude towards the writer after his observation of her class can be best described as________.A.cruel but encouragingB. Fierce but forgivingB.C.sincere and supportive D.angry and aggressive第二节：下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句（第61~65题）。

浙江省杭州市2019届高考政治命题比赛试题172019年高考模拟试卷政治卷考生须知：1. 本试卷分为试题卷和答题卷，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。

2. 答题前，在答题卷密封区内填写学校、班级和姓名。

3. 所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效。

4. 考试结束，上交答题卷。

第Ⅰ卷一、判断题(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。

判断下列说法是否正确，正确的请将答题纸相应题号后的T涂黑，错误的请将答题纸相应题号后的F涂黑)1.（原创）使用价值越小的商品，价值一定越小，销量一定越大。

2.（原创）李华是某股份有限公司股东，意味着他以认购的股份为限对公司承担有限责任。

3.（原创）公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展是社会主义经济的根本特征。

4.（原创）有效制约和监督权力的关键，是要健全权力运行的制约和监督体系。

5.（原创）公民享有对涉及公共利益的决策的知情权，这是决策机关科学决策的重要前提。

6.（原创）传统文化是维系民族生存和发展的精神纽带，我们要继承和发扬它。

7.（原创）教育是人类特有的传承文化的能动性活动，具有选择、传递、创造文化的特定功能。

8.（原创）物质是不依赖于人的意识，并能为人的意识所反映的客观实在。

9.（原创）“人都是由过去的经历所塑造的”，该观点的合理性在于它坚持了唯物辩证法的发展观。

10.（原创）“祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏”表明矛盾双方在一定条件下可以相互转化。

二、选择题I(本大题共21小题，每小题2分，共42分。

每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，不选、多选、错选均不得分)11.（原创）据统计，银行间外汇市场人民币汇率中间价:2018年5月8日为1美元=6.4478人民币；2018年9月13日为1美元=6.8027人民币。

在其他条件不变的情况下，这一变化会使我国①学生更多地选择去美国留学②居民增加对本国商品的需求③企业减少向美国的对外投资④企业增加对美国的商品进口A. ①③B. ①④C. ②③D. ②④【命题立意】本题通过汇率升降材料考查考生汇率变动的影响相关知识。