冀教版) 语法专题复合句(宾语从句.ppt

复合句宾语从句、状语从句、定语从 句
36中找得 到。--拿 破仑。 37、不要生气要争气，不要看破要突 破，不 要嫉妒 要欣赏 ，不要 托延要 积极， 不要心 动要行 动。 38、勤奋，机会，乐观是成功的三要 素。(注 意：传 统观念 认为勤 奋和机 会是成 功的要 素，但 是经过 统计学 和成功 人士的 分析得 出，乐 观是成 功的第 三要素 。
39、没有不老的誓言，没有不变的承 诺，踏 上旅途 ，义无 反顾。 40、对时间的价值没有没有深切认识 的人， 决不会 坚韧勤 勉。
1、最灵繁的人也看不见自己的背脊。——非洲 2、最困难的事情就是认识自己。——希腊 3、有勇气承担命运这才是英雄好汉。——黑塞 4、与肝胆人共事，无字句处读书。——周恩来 5、阅读使人充实，会谈使人敏捷，写作使人精确。——培根

• Could you tell me if /whether it snows in winter in Australia?
•
Does it snow in Australia in winter?
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2、语序： 从句一律用陈述语序，即主语+谓语
• Do you know where Tom lives? • Who stopped them when they
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一、宾语从句(Object Clause)
宾语从句是河北近几年中考的必考点。单项 选择题对宾语从句的考查侧重其引导词、语 序、时态，一般都会涉及至少两个考查点。 主要表现为三个方面： ①引导词相同，但语序和时态不同； ②语序正确，但引导词和时态不同； ③时态一致，但引导词和语序不同。 语句多设置为2个单句，词数为13~14。而且 宾语从句前通常会出现一些固定的词语，如： I wonder…, Can(Could) you tell me…, I didn′t understand…等。
2 41、连接词：
① that在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省 略。
②what, when, where, how, whatever, wherever, who, whose等特殊疑问词作连接词。
Please tell me how you go to school.
③当宾语从句由一般疑问句(general question sentence)变化而来时，连接词用whether或if，表 示“是否”。
when, while, after, before, until, till, whenever, as soon as, as long as, once等； 表示条件的if, unless, so long as, in case 等。

2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east. __F_a_th_e_r__to_l_d_m__e_t_h_e__su_n__a_lw__a_y_s_r_is_e_s_i_n_t_h_e_e_a_s_t_.__
3.He doesn’t know that when she can come back. _H_e__d_o_e_sn_’_t_k_n_o_w__w_h_e_n__s_h_e_c_a_n__c_o_m_e__b_a_ck_._______
1.The story is hard to understand ____ there are many new words in it. A. but B. so C. though D. because 2.---I'm afraid I can't go to the party tomorrow. ---____ you told me you would. What happened? A. And B. So C. Or D. But 3. ---I hear ___your grandpa ___your grandma like watching Beijing Opera. ---Right, just as many old people do. A. both;and B. either;or C. neither;nor D. not only;but also
.He likes the song (which/that )Jay Chou sings.
2.当先行词为人时，用关系代词 who/that
(既可作主语，也可作宾语）
. He likes the teacher who/that is kind. ②. He is the doctor (who/that) we often talk

时态的变动
1. 从现在时间推移到过去时间： 一般现在时 —— 一般过去时 现在进行时 —— 过去进行时 现在完成时 —— 过去完成时 现在完成进行时 —— 过去完成进行时
2. 从过去时间推移到过去的过去时间 一般过去时 —— 过去完成时 过去完成时 —— 过去完成时
3. 从将来时间推移到过去将来时间 一般将来时 —— 一般过去将来时
I don’t think he has time to play football with you. 我想他没有时间和你踢足球。 I don’t suppose it is the rush hour yet. 我 估计现在未到（交通）高峰时间。
在 hope ,believe ,suppose ,guess, think 等动词以及“ I’m afraid ” 等 表达法的后面，可用 so 代替一个宾语从 句，该宾语从句通常是上文提到的一件事 。
“Do you think we will have good weather” “I hope so .” “你认为我们会有好天气吗 ？” “我希望如此。”
其否定形式可用上述动词的否定式，或 用“not”代替“so”。
I don’t believe so. ( 或：I believe not.)
I’m afraid not. (hope 常用I hope not.）
Mother thought (that) they should have a talk with Patrick.
He decided (that) he was not going to say anything about it.
She knew (that) the teacher would change the score.

（ C ）22.(2022·湖南郴州)—Do you know the woman in space now? —Of course.She is Wang Yaping.
A.which
B.whom
C.who （ B ）23.(2022·吉林)Mrs.Wang is an English teacher
（ D ）15.(2022·云南)—Your stamps are so fantastic.Could you please tell me—— ?
⁠
—Oh,I bought them in the post office next to the bank.
A.why did you buy them B.where did you buy them C.why you bought them D.where you bought them
B.which
C.where
（ B ）25.(2022·湖南邵阳)—What kind of music do you like,Linda?
—I like music
I can dance to.
⁠
A.when
B.that
C.what
（ D ）26.(2022·辽宁营口)He
does not reach the Great Wall is not a true
C.when you got used to the life here
D.how you will achieve your dream （ C ）6.(2022·江苏连云港)We learned
to work as a team by completing
⁠

时态与语序
C 3. I wanted to know _________. A. what did he say B. why does she go to bed late C. why she went to bed late D. why she goes to bed late
4. He is not sure _______ to watch TV or go to bed. B A. if B. whether C. that D. / B his parents will see him 5. Mike is thinking about _______ today. A. if B. whether C. that D. / 6. I don’t know _______ he will come or not. 只能用 whether B A. if B. whether C. that D. / 的情况． B to Kate’s birthday party. 7. -- I don’t know if he _____ -- He’s sure to go if he ______. A. goes, knows B. will go, knows C. goes, will know D. go, know 8. -- Do you know ______ D the teacher will come back tomorrow or not? -- Sorry, I don’t know. _______ he comes back, I will tell if的两种意思 you at once. A. if, Whether B. if, If C. whether, Whether D. whether, If

I'll never forget the days(which)we spent together. 我将永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。
The school(which) we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai.昨天我们参观的那所学校是上海 的一所名校。
1. 从属连词（具体讲解见“专题六”）
类型
从属连词
时间状语从句 when, while, before, after, until, since, as soon as
条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as
目的状语从句 so that, in order that
让步状语从句 though/although, even if, whatever, wherever, whenever
那个男孩的名字是什么？
注意 关系代词只能用that而不用which的几种情况：
1.先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等等时。如： Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么我能为你效劳的吗？
I hear Joe left/will leave for Beijing yesterday/tomorrow. 我听说乔昨天/明天(要)去北京了。
（2）呼应性原则：主句是过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。 如： Kate said she was shopping at this time yesterday. 凯特说她昨 天这个时候正在购物。 （3）特殊性原则：从句表示客观事实、真理、自然现象，用 一般现在时，主句时态随句意。如： Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun. 胡老师说地 球绕着太阳转。

四、宾语从句时态(由主句的时态来确定) 主句时态
一般现在时 从 句 时 态
连 接 前 连 接 后 时态保持不变 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时
一般过去时
一般将来时 现在进行时 现在完成时
比一比
He says
He will go to Hong Kong . He is sick. He is reading a book . He has finished his work.
即学即练
一、单项选择 1．—Could you tell me ________ yesterday? A —Because it rained heavily.
A．why you arrived late
B．why did you arrive late C．why you didn't arrive late
用陈述句语序。注意：当助动词是 does 或 did 时，
要去掉助动词，并把动词恢复为第三人称单数形式
或过去式；当是情态动词或其它的助动词时，则要 把这些情态动词或助动词放在主语的后面。 I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ” — I asked Tom what he liked best . The teacher asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ” — The teacher asked me if I had read the book .
练一练：将下列句子改成陈述句语序 1.Is there a bank near here? There is a bank near here. 2.Does she work in a hospital? She works in a hospital. 3.Did you go to Center Park? You went to Center Park. 4.Can we wear hats in school? We can wear hats in school. 5.Where does he live? Where he li：

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5. He said that they _____________ members of had been the Party since 1948. (be)
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1. He asked what they _______________ at eight last night. (do)
when we’ll have a meeting
where he is 5. Can you tell me _______________. （他在哪儿） how I can get to the 6. Could you tell me ____________________________. station （我该怎么去车站）
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注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，
在口语当中往往省略
e.g. 1. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour ____________________________. （一小时 后他会回来） he missed us very much 2. He said (that) __________________________. （他非常想念我们） 3. The teacher told us (that) the sun the earth moves around ______________________________________. 4 （地球围着太阳转）
特殊疑问句变为who, what, when等引导的宾语从句
1.
He asked, “Where do you live?”

saved five people in the fire?
⁠
A.whose C.that
B.whom D.what
考点3 状语从句 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从
属连词引导,从属连词在从句中不作任何句子成分。状语从句根据它所表达的意思可 分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、让步、方式和条件状语从句等几类。 状语从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。当状语从句位于主句之前时,一般要加 逗号将其与主句分开;当状语从句位于句末时则不需要。 1.时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的从属连词有when,while,as,before,after,as soon as,since,till等。 eg:When he comes,I’ll tell him about it. 当他来时,我会告诉他这件事。
3.关系代词只用which 不用that的情况 (1)关系代词前有介词时。 eg:This is the house in which I live. 这就是我住的房子。 (2)先行词本身是that时。 eg:The book is that which I read. 这就是我读的那本书。 (3)在非限定性定语从句中时。 eg:Her Chinese,which used to be poor,is excellent now. 她的中文曾经很差,现在很出色。
9.条件状语从句。通常由从属连词if,unless等引导。条件状语从句与时间状语从句一 样,从句时态不能用将来时,要用现在时表示相应的将来时。 eg:If it snows tomorrow,we will make a snowman. 如果明天下雪,我们将会堆雪人。
①My sister was making (make) dumplings when I got home yesterday evening. ⁠