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新托福写作考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心唐艳考试日期：2014.10.26Task 1INTEGRATED 综合写作关于frog population decline的三个解决方案。
阅读文章要点：1. 由于杀虫剂的使用影响了frog的nerve system, 从而导致了breathing problem, 所以要禁止农民使用杀虫剂prohibition of pesticides;2. 因为fungal infection导致frog的数量减少甚至become extinct, 所以建议采取large-scale treatment让青蛙接受治疗；3. 因为frog在水中产卵，所以它们依赖于水以及湿地。
由于人类活动threaten frog’s natural habitats, 所以要减少excessive water use and draining of wetlands, 保护湿地和湖泊control the decline of water habitats;听力逐一反驳：三种方法都不实际1. 对于庄稼不利，可能给农民带来经济损失；2. 必须给每一只青蛙单独注射，即昂贵又复杂，而且无法遗传给后代，后代还要重新接受治疗；3. 湖泊等面积的减少不是由于人类活动，而是由于气候原因，单纯改变人类行为不一定能起到作用。
Task 2 INDEPENDENT 独立写作话题类别教育类考题文字：Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement?Because the modern life is complex, it isessential for young people to have the abilityto plan and organize.本次写作考试点评：本次新托福综合写作是主流的生物类话题，从考点来看，有些类似于TPO 15的青蛙话题，从内容来看，类似于TPO 18的植物灭绝的原因，考生们还是要注意总结TPO综合写作的考点。
新托福TPO综合写作详细解析汇总
在新托福综合写作中，有的同学语言使用的能力还有一定局限，还要刻意追求句式的复杂化，但这样的后果就是写出来的句子个个都有错，个个都有表达不清。
其实用最好的词表达最多的内容才是最厉害的写作方式，本文小编为大家整理了一篇新托福综合写作范文，来源于TPO 1—15。
新托福综合写作范文TPO2详细解析:团队的作用
新托福综合写作范文TPO3详细解析:伦勃朗
新托福综合写作范文TPO4详细解析:恒温动物
新托福综合写作范文TPO5详细解析:查科峡谷的巨屋
新托福综合写作范文TPO6详细解析:在线百科的利弊
新托福综合写作范文TPO7详细解析:环保认证在美国无用
新托福综合写作范文TPO8详细解析:塞恩加尔骑士
新托福综合写作范文TPO9详细解析:氢燃料
新托福综合写作范文TPO10详细解析:海獭数量减少的原因
新托福综合写作范文TPO11详细解析:人们不爱读书了
新托福综合写作范文TPO12详细解析:简·奥斯汀
新托福综合写作范文TPO13详细解析:私人化石买卖的坏处
新托福综合写作范文TPO14详细解析:回收性砍伐
新托福综合写作范文TPO15详细解析:控制蔗蜍数量的方法
新托福综合写作对语言的要求是清晰表达，准确转述即可(其实独立写作的要求也类似)。
没有必要一味地追求语言的华丽，把话说清楚最重要。
瑞德托福模考系统是专业的托福模拟考试软件、托福在线模拟考试软件，提供在线托福全真模考，系统可创建真实托福模考(TOEFL iBT)环境，按照阅读、听力、口语、写作四部分进行考试。
详情了解请登陆托福模考软件
托福模拟考试
在线学习平台：。
辛达www.ixinda,com托福归纳写作优异作文练习题关于生物的资料如下。
托福代报为我们带来托福归纳写作优异作文练习题：为何阻挠蔗蜍延伸，期望对我们托福备考有所协助。
托福归纳写作阅览资料：The cane toad is a large (1.8 kg) amphibianspecies native to Central and South America. It was deliberately introduced toAustralia in 1935 with the expectation that it would protect farmers’crops byeating harmful insects. Unfortunately, the toad multiplied rapidly, and a largecane toad population now threatens small native animals that are not pest.Several measures have been proposed to stop the spread of the cane toad inAustralia. 蔗蜍是一种原产于中南美洲的两栖动物，个头很大，重大1.8公斤。
蔗蜍是在1935年由人工引入至澳大利亚的。
由于它们能够吃害虫，所以期望借由它们维护农作物。
意外的是，蔗蜍繁衍迅速。
并且，数量无穷的蔗蜍集体现已开端要挟一些对农业无害的小型本乡生物。
如今提出了几个处理蔗蜍在澳大利亚延伸的办法。
One way to prevent the spread of the toadwould be to build a national fence. A fence that blocks the advance of thetoads will prevent them from moving into those parts of Australia that they havenot yet colonized. This approach has been used before: a national fence waserected in the early part of the twentieth century to prevent the spread ofrabbits, another animal species that was introduced in Australia from abroadand had a harmful impact on its native ecosystems. 第一个阻挠蔗蜍延伸的办法是树立一个全国范围的围栏。
2021年1月11日托福综合写作机经真题回忆与范文解析1月11日的托福考试完毕后，关于托福综合写作局部的机经，大家也比拟关怀。
到底这局部真题题目的练习，对于大家接下来的备考有很大的影响。
详细的本次考试题目以及对应的答题思路、总分值范文究竟是什么呢?下面我为大家整理了具体的内容，供大家参考!2021年1月11日托福综合写作机经真题回忆与范文解析话题分类生命科学类考题回忆1-总论点三种阻挡蝙蝠受到wind turbines损害的方法。
2-阅读局部论点1：不把wind turbines建在蝙蝠活动的地方论点2：wind turbines晚上不运行论点3：制造蝙蝠不喜爱的雷达不让蝙蝠靠近3-听力局部反对1：蝙蝠活动的地方就不能得到足够的energy反对2：蝙蝠可能会再wind turbines上休息，早上开启是也会伤寒蝙蝠反对3：雷达会影响蝙蝠的繁殖系统解题思路此题是典型的听力反对阅读的题型。
文章中需要说明听力完全反对阅读，并写清听力中出现的详情即可。
参考范文The reading passage explores the issue that there are three ways to prevent bats from being harmed by wind turbines. The professor in the lecture, however, opposes those methods by providing three specific points.First, the reading passage suggests that wind turbines can be constructed in the area where bats seldom live or forage, so that the harm caused by wind turbines can be decreased. Although the professor in the lecture admits that the first method is beneficial to bats, the area with frequent appearance of bats can not be powered by the wind turbines, which is inconvenient to people living in the same area. Therefore, the professors argument disproves its counterpart in the reading.Moreover, the writer states that we can turn off the wind turbines to avoid the harm towards bats. However, the professor contends that bats still can be hurt by the turbines in the morning, because if the turbines are turned off, bats tent to take a rest on the them.Finally, the writer asserts that wind turbines can be facilitated radar which emits special range of sound waves to irritate bats, in which keeps bats away from those turbines. By contrast, the professor provides that the certain sound waves are bad for bats’ reproductive systems, so that the third method can cause more damage to bats species.托福独立写作中的常用句型总结一、提出背景的句式It’s generally agreed that ... ... (人们普遍认为... ...)There is a growing body of opinion that ... ... (越来越多的人认为... ...)An increasing number of people have the tendency to believe that ... ... (越来越多的人倾向于认为... ...) Some people, especially the old, believe that ... ... (一些人，尤其是老人，认为... ...)Other people, the young in particular, argue that ... ... (别的人，尤其是年轻人，认为... ...)Some current analyses conclude that ... ... (当下的一些分析说明... ...)... ... is a heated topic in our times. (... ...是我们这个时代炽热的一个话题)The topic about ... ... has been raging for decades. (关于... ...的话题已经风行几十年了)... ... is an eternal/a perpetual topic in our daily lives. (... ...是我们日常生活中一个永久的话题)... ... is one of the most talked about topics in the contemporary society. (... ...是当代社会争论最多的话题之一) Recently, the impact that ... ... has had on our daily lives, in general, is huge and undeniable. (近年来， ... ...对我们日常生活的影响，总的来说，是宏大且不行避开的)With the gradual perfection and progressive amelioration of ... ..., sweeping changes have been brought into our lives. (随着... ...的不断完善和进一步进步，人们的生活发生了翻天覆地的改变)In terms of ... ..., sometimes we find ourselves in dilemmas. (谈到... ...时，我们有时候会发觉自己左右犯难)二、个人观点的句式I am totally convinced that ... ... (我百分百确信... ...)I personally tend to believe that ... ... (我个人倾向于认为... ...)From my perspective, ... ... is without doubt a better option. (依我看，... ...毫无疑问是个更好的选择)According to the evidence offered above, I can hardly agree that ... ... (综合以上证明，我很难同意... ...) With respect to ... ..., I am pretty sure that I’m on the same/opposite side of it. (关于... ...，我很确定是站在正/反方的立场)Although it’s no simple task for us to make a prudent and satisfying choice, I still wholeheartedly believe that ... ... (尽管对于我们来说，做一个慎重友令人满足的选择是很困难的，但是我仍旧全心全意地信任... ...)三、引出争议的句式There is no consensus on whether...yet. (关于是否该... ...，如今仍旧没有一个定论)Whether...is an issue open to debate. (是否该... ...，这是一个有待争论的问题)Whether...is a boon or bane is still open to debate. (... ...是好是坏/是对是错，这有待争论)The issue of whether…has triggered intense debate. (是否该... ...，这个问题引发了一个剧烈的争论)The debate over whether...has been going on for a long time. (关于... ...的争论已经持续很长时间了)When it comes to ... ..., people tend to hold different viewpoints. (当谈到... ...的时候，人们倾向于持有不同的观点)Most of the public tend to advocate that ... ... ,while I doubt whether the argument needs more analyses. (大多数人倾向于主见... ..., 但是我认为这有待进一步争论)托福写作备考之如何削减扣分点托福写作作为输出型的考试形式，始终是考生最难得分的局部，考生总是感觉无话可说，无从下笔。
2017年2月18日托福阅读真题及答案解析下面是2017年2月18日托福阅读真题及答案解析，大家试着做一下再对答案，祝你们考试顺利！2017年2月18日托福阅读真题2017年2月18日托福阅读真题回顾资料!智课网建议大家在托福阅读备考的时候，使用托福阅读真题的方法是对阅读文章的话题进行熟悉，找到相关话题阅读材料进行阅读，了解相关背景知识。
第一篇： Agricultural revolution本文共四段。
第1段讲了传统是用scratch plow耕作，但是并不适用于北欧的坚硬土地。
有几项重要的生产方式革新影响了农业革命的发生。
第2段说明了horseshoe的发明有助于马能够站的更稳。
新的collar套在马的肩背上脖子上也使得马不窒息，更容易使力。
第3段说明传统的scratch plow只能在松软的土地上工作, 发明了heavy plow可以使得在硬地上工作。
鉴于以往的田地都是正方形的，但是heavy plow很难掉头，所以将田地改成了欧洲典型的长条田地。
而且heavy plow需要合作才能推动。
第4段说明了轮作方式甶一年两次改为了一年三次大大增加了种植的总面积。
第二篇： Printing revolution共四段。
第1段说明宗教革命与打印机息息相关。
Martin Luther的宗教革命期间大量的新宗教的小册子和宣传海报流传。
第2段打印机革命与papermaking有重大关联。
以往的打印都在动物的皮毛上，十分昂贵且不方便。
后来才换成纸张。
第3段，与goldsmith行业的创新有关，打印所需的heavy metal要求的技术性很高。
需要转换成soft metal的沾染上墨水的活印。
除了press比较便宜之外，其余都比较贵。
例如一部圣经的价格相当于一座房子了。
因此一开始是商人自己找市场，但一开始后，迅速在欧洲蔓延。
当时流行的主要书种是宗教和哲学方面的书。
第4段说明打印机变革带来的钍会影响。
语言上通过重复使得语言标准化。
2014年5月25日托福综合写作分析南京环球北美考试院2014年5月25日托福综合写作分析阅读部分听力部分阅读部分讲到了一个叫asn anazi的部落消失是由于se vere drought，理由如下：听力持反对意见，理由如下：1.历史上有global warming 的时期。
1.有一种树就在asanazi 的附近生长的很旺盛，说明有足够多的rainfall 让人生存。
2.温度高。
2.村落边有很多dams和运河等水利措施，说明哪里人的preserve的insufficient。
但是听力认为这些东西在asanazi人消失之前50年就有了。
3.缺水。
3.阅读说族人突然消失还留下了很多artificial，听力反驳说突然消失不一定是由于干旱，还可能是conflict和wars，比如说为了争夺food resource突然发生的conflicts.2014年5月25日托福独立写作分析题目Do you agree or disagree with the foll owing statement?Parents must have stri ct rules if they want their children t o be successful in life.简析今天考试的孩子有点小悲催,因为今天考试的孩子托福写作机经也没有中呢，但是即使没有中，这道题大家也不用非常的担心，因为只要平时功夫深，上课的时候专心听讲，好好完成我们的作业，认真复习的话，其实这道题的难度系数并没有很大的哟，这道题偏向不同意，参考理由如下：参考思路（1）让步段：在有些方面父母需要给孩子严格的规定，在道德（ethics）上父母就要给孩子严格的规定，因为这样可以避免孩子误入歧途（go astray），如果父母在这方面没有给孩子严格的规定，孩子可能会做出些违背道德（morally and legally wrong）的事情；（2）但是在其他的很多方面父母有严格的规定是不太好的；首先会限制孩子的创造力（innovation），孩子在尝试许多东西的时候会有所顾虑，不太有勇气起尝试新的事物，变得比较懦弱（coward）。
2013年3月17日托福写作考题解析综合写作：关于the extinction of diprotodon巨型袋鼠的灭绝阅读提到理由如下：一：deforestation二：hunting三：climate change听力持反对意见，理由如下：一：澳洲基本全是森林，人类放火开垦的量对熊的栖息地造不成影响, 且有的地方untouched by fire.二：如果人们要捕猎必然有peers 之类weapons ，但是考古学家没找到。
推测那时的人大多吃植物，只是碰巧吃dead diprotodons三：climate change引起的dry weather,说在这之前至少有四次climate change，而diprotodon并没有因为dry weather 灭绝climate change引起的dry weather,说在这之前至少有四次climate change，而小diprotodon并没有因为dry weather 灭绝。
巨型袋鼠巨型袋鼠(Diprotodon)巨型袋鼠化石巨型袋鼠化石独立写作题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: A leader should admit if they made a bad decision. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.独立写作范文：Everybody admires a leader, but being a leader is difficult. People depend on a leader to see the bigger picture and make the best decision. Sometimes, the decision a leader makes will not be the best one. It may not even be the correct one. Sometimes, the decision a leader makes will be just plain bad. In these cases, should a leader admit to making a poor choice? I think they should.First, it shows that you are an honest leader. Because you are willing to call attention to your own failings, it demonstrates that you will not hide important information from the public or mislead them for your own benefit. It shows that you can take responsibility, even if it costs you the faith of your followers in the short-term. This is especially true in the political realm, where admitting to mistakes has heavy consequences. If a political rival catches you admitting to your mistakes-and it is almost guaranteed to happen-they will use it as ammunition to discredit you in some way. Nonetheless, I think it's important that a leader be the one to expose the mistake rather than someone else, because at the very least, he or she could say, "I freely admit it, and I ask for your forgiveness." This somewhat mitigates the damage.Second, admitting to your mistakes is a crucial step on the road toself-improvement. If you are unable to acknowledge where you have failed, you will never be able to begin the process of working on your areas of weakness. In order to be a strong leader, one has to make mistakes, and confront them with a desire to do better in the future. This has more to do with improving your competence as a leader, rather than how people perceive you. A leader will constantly be faced withtough decisions. Every leader thus has to take risks, but a good leader takes calculated risks. The only way to get better at this decision-making process is to make mistakes and learn from them. Also, if you are willing to make your mistakes public, the people may be willing to trust you to take bigger risks in the future.Granted, admitting to making bad decisions can undermine your authority. However, I think that in the long-term, it is still the best choice. For example, I once had to do a group project with a friend at school, and he was chosen to be our group leader. Overall he was very competent; however, he at times made errors in judgment that cost our group time and resources. Once, he told us to use a certain format for all our documents, because he thought that format would save us time during the editing process later. We were really annoyed when we later discovered our teacher actually required a very specific document format, so we ended up wasting time fixing the format. He was the first to bring attention to his mistake, and took it upon himself to fix all of the documents. By showing such honesty, humility, and willingness to remedy the situation, we forgave him easily and all ended up helpinganyway.。
综合写作政府发布限制捕鱼的方法来报护menhaden。
阅读认为不好1：应为水中有大量的sprite bass, 会吃menhaden 他们才是元凶2：menhaden是家畜的食物来源，禁止会导致supply chain break3：横多人应为这个会失业听力说好1：sprite bass 吃menhaden 是正常的是生态平衡，sprit 的捕食行为是为了保持平衡不让哪一种鱼类失衡2：有一种bean 可以成为家畜的食物的来源3：失业只是暂时的，他们不久回来可以再回来。
独立写作：should government provide money on things that are beautiful or practical考生2回忆：综合写作：limit to amout of harvesting 某种鱼 lecture 同意 reading 不同意反驳 1 某鱼的天敌2 农业用料3 提供工作独立作文：Do you agree or disagree the statement: It is important for goverment to provide money for beautiful and not just for some practical things.考生3回忆：综合 limit of menhaden population独立 should government put money on things that are beautiful than the things that are practical考生4回忆：综合写作：限制捕捞一种鱼阅读说不需要，1 另一种bass的鱼会吃它2 这种鱼能提供特殊的蛋白质，人需要吃它3 加工这种鱼的工厂会失去工作听力说要限捕，1 bass是自然环境里的，不会破坏生态环境，人为捕鱼会破坏2 豆子里也有这种蛋白质3 如果鱼被捕光，产业全部瘫痪独立写作：政府也应该花钱在beautiful的东西上面，不是只在经典的东西上面综合写作：limitation of menhaden政府建议应该限制捕鱼公司，因为影响了menhaden。
年托福写作真题（实用5篇）1.年托福写作真题第1篇托福综合写作：主题：防止海龟减少的办法是否有用。
阅读：有3种办法防止海龟减少建立金属围栏，防止海龟蛋被素食者吃掉禁用塑料袋，海龟吃了塑料袋，消化道会被堵塞把传统渔网改成只能捕鱼而不会限制海龟的，海龟被渔网捉住，会溺水听力：上述办法都不行金属围栏会阻碍小海龟的磁场发育，海龟靠磁场导航，找食物，找配偶，找地方产卵。
没有发育好的磁场，海龟根本无法生存，繁衍。
限制塑料袋或许有用。
问题是，现在海里已经有成千上万的塑料袋了，即使分解成了小片，一样会危害海龟。
所以限塑解决不了燃眉之急。
改进的渔网，渔民会拒绝使用，因为网到的鱼会减少，收入会减少。
即使有法律规定必须使用，渔民也会趁没人使用传统渔网，回到岸上再换成改进渔网。
托福独立写作：You are helping to select a leader for a student organization or a Do you think a person's honest is the most important characteristic for being a leader?2.年托福写作真题第2篇综合Whether the three methods to stop snakeheads from spreading is Reading：The reading raises three methods to stop the spread of snakehead fish because it threatens theMaking laws to prevent people from transporting snakehead Some people in the fish market will illegally transport or release unsold snakehead Educating fishers to catch If they recognize that people actually can eat snakehead as a food source, they will catch many to eat and to Researching some poison to kill the Though poison will also kill native fishes in the river, people can restock nativeListening:The listening contradicts all methods proposed by the author of the passage and points out their potentialEven if people do not transport the snakehead, the spread will still The reason is that there are already many snakeheads, and these snakeheads will move to other rivers even without human's efforts, because they can live and move on land as long as they areEducating fishers to catch snakehead will not help stop the spread of Conversely, it may lead to the increase of Because when fishers realize they can make profit by catching snakehead, they will introduce snakehead to other water bodies and raise snakehead in order to catch more snakehead, even this isIt is true that native fishes can be restocked; however, poison will also kill some insects and micro organisms, which cannot be So, native fishes that feed on these insects and micro organisms cannot grow to their original This is独立As a student of university that has a long break between university semesters, the university requires all students to do one of the following for one month during the break:1、Students must take a course on the subject that has no direct connection to their majors of study ( For example, a student majoring in engineering may take course in fine arts or social )2、Students must volunteer to work in the university’s city or their hometowns to improve some aspects of life of the city or their own ( For example, students may help local primary school children with their ) Which one do you think is more beneficial for students in their university? Why?Given detailed examples and Use your OWN words, do NOT use memorized3.年托福写作真题第3篇托福写作字数越多分越高?关于这点，实在是众说纷纭。
题目Argument150The following is a letter to the editor of an environmental magazine."The decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide clearly indicates the global pollution of water and air. Two studies of amphibians in YosemiteNational Park in California confirm my conclusion. In 1915 there were seven species of amphibians in the park, and there were abundant numbers of each species. However, in 1992 there were only four species of amphibians observed in the park, and the numbers of each species were drastically reduced. The decline in Yosemite has been blamed on the introduction of trout into the park's waters, which began in 1920 (trout are known to eat amphibian eggs). But the introduction of trout cannot be the real reason for the Yosemite decline because it does not explain the worldwide decline."直译如下：全球范围内两栖动物数量的减少证明全球范围内空气和水的污染。
【实例讲解】托福综合写作备考练习题-为何阻止蔗蜍蔓延托福综合写作(IntegratedWriting)长期以来都是托福考试的难点之一，全面考察考生快速阅读、听取关键信息和原文复述的能力。
由于阅读和听力实力较弱导致综合写作失分严重，想要提升却不得其法。
从传统备考思路看提升阅读和听力固然没错，但如何在有限的时间内加强针对性、高效提分才是关键。
下面就为大家带来托福综合写作的阅读材料，希望在练习中能不断提升大家的托福综合写作能力。
托福综合写作阅读材料：The cane toad is a large (1.8 kg) amphibianspecies native to Central andSouth America. It was deliberately introduced toAustralia in 1935 with theexpectation that it would protect farmers’ crops byeating harmful insects.Unfortunately, the toad multiplied rapidly, and a largecane toad population nowthreatens small native animals that are not pest.Several measures have beenproposed to stop the spread of the cane toad inAustralia.蔗蜍是一种原产于中南美洲的两栖动物，个头很大，重大1.8公斤。
蔗蜍是在1935年由人工引进至澳大利亚的。
因为它们可以吃害虫，所以希望借由它们保护农作物。
不幸的是，蔗蜍繁殖迅速。
而且，数量巨大的蔗蜍群体已经开始威胁一些对农业无害的小型本土生物。
现在提出了几个解决蔗蜍在澳大利亚蔓延的方法。
One way to prevent the spread of the toadwould be to build a national fence.A fence that blocks the advance of thetoads will prevent them from moving intothose parts of Australia that they havenot yet colonized. This approach has beenused before: a national fence waserected in the early part of the twentiethcentury to prevent the spread ofrabbits, another animal species that wasintroduced in Australia from abroadand had a harmful impact on its nativeecosystems.第一个阻止蔗蜍蔓延的方法是建立一个全国范围的围栏。
用围栏控制蔗蜍增长的方式是通过阻止它们迁徙实现的，这样它们就不会聚集到那些尚未被它们控制的地区了。
这种方法以前就用过。
在二十世界初期，澳大利亚就从用这种围栏阻止兔子的过度增长。
兔子由澳大利亚从他国引进后，给当地的生态平衡造成了巨大的灾难。
Second, the toads could be captured anddestroyed by volunteers. Cane toadscan easily be caught in simple traps andcan even be captured by hand. Youngtoads and cane toad eggs are even easier togather and destroy, since they arerestricted tothe water. If the Australiangovernment were to organize a campaignamong Australian citizens to join forcesto destroy the toads, the collectiveeffort might stop the toad from spreading.第二，可以招募志愿者抓蔗蜍。
简单的陷阱就可以抓到蔗蜍，甚至徒手都可以抓到。
至于蝌蚪和卵因为是生活在水里的，更是容易抓到和消灭。
如果澳大利亚政府组织一个由澳大利亚公民参与的运动去消灭蔗蜍，那么可能会达到阻碍其蔓延的目的。
Third, researchers are developing adisease-causing virus to control the canetoad populations. This virus will bespecially designed: although it will be ableto infect a number of reptile and amphibianspecies, it will not harm most of theinfected species; it will specificallyharm only the cane toads. The virus willcontrol the population of cane toadsby preventing them from maturing andreproducing.第三，研究人员正在研究一种用于控制蔗蜍数量的致病病毒。
这种病毒是专门为控制蔗蜍研制的。
尽管这种病毒也可以感染相当多数量的爬行动物和两栖动物，但是这种感染基本是无害的。
它只会影响蔗蜍。
这种病毒通过阻碍蔗蜍的蔗蜍的成熟和繁殖实现控制其数量的目的。
托福综合写作阅读部分需要提取的观点是：- Main point: 提供了三个控制蔗蜍数量的方法- Sub point 1: 建立全国范围性的围栏- Sub point 2: 组织志愿者抓- Sub point 3: 研制某种特殊病毒，阻碍蔗蜍的成熟和繁殖托福综合写作听力材料：The cane toad won’t be as easy to get ridof as the reading suggests. Themeasures proposed by the reading are likelyeither to be unsuccessful or to causeunwanted environmental damage.蔗蜍不会像阅读部分说的那么容易出去的。
阅读部分提供的观点不但是不会奏效，甚至会对环境造成损害。
First of all, a national fence probablywon’t stop the spread of the toad.That’s because young toads and toad eggs arefound in rivers and streams. Nomatter where the fence is located, at some pointthere will be rivers or steamsflowing from one side to the other. Thesewaterways will be able to carry theyoung toads and their eggs to the otherside. Since it’s only necessary for a fewyoung toads or eggs to get though thefence in order to establish population onthe other side, the fence is unlikelyto be effective.首先，一个全国范围内的围栏不会阻止蔗蜍的蔓延。
这是因为蝌蚪和蔗蜍卵是生活在河水和溪流中的。
不管围栏怎么安排，总会有跨过河流和小溪的地方。
在这些地方，流水可以越过围栏。
蝌蚪和蔗蜍卵可以通过这些水流穿过围栏。
只要有很小数量的蝌蚪和蔗蜍穿过围栏，它们就可以建立起一个种群。
所以，这种围栏的方法是无效的。
Secondly, a massive group of volunteers couldhave success trapping anddestroying toads. But it’s likely that theseuntrained volunteers wouldinadvertently destroy many of Australia’s nativefrogs some of which areendangered. It’s not always easy to tell the canetoadapart from native frogsespecially when it’s young.第二，人数众多的志愿者队伍的确可以抓住和消灭蔗蜍。
但是这些没有经过训练的志愿者很可能会无意间杀死很多澳大利亚原产的青蛙，而其中的一些已经是濒危物种的。
蔗蜍和澳大利亚原产青蛙并不容易区分，尤其是在它们都是幼体的时候。
Third, using the virus is a bad ideabecause it could have terribleconsequences for cane toads in their originalhabitat in Central and SouthAmerica. You might be wondering how can virus releasedin Australia cause harm inthe Americas. Well, Australian reptiles andamphibians are often transported toother continents by researchers or petcollectors for example. Once the animalsinfected by the virus reach Centraland South American, the virus will attack thenative cane toads and devastatetheir populations. That would be an ecologicaldisaster because in the Americanscane toads are a native species and a vitalpart of the ecosystem. So if theyare eliminated the whole ecosystem willsuffer.第三，病毒可能会对蔗蜍原产的中南美洲的生态环境造成严重的破坏，所以使用病毒也是一个坏主意。
