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Love and loving relationships1.Love-as both an emotion and a behavior-is essential for human survival. The family is usually our earliest and mostimportant source of love and emotional support.爱，对于人类的生存是不可或缺的。
它既是一种情感，又是一种行为。
家庭通常是我们最早和最重要的爱和情感支持的来源。
Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problems-for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic and psychosomatic difficulties- that sometimes last a lifetime.众所周知，缺乏爱的婴幼儿会产生各种各样的问题，如抑郁症、头痛、生理残疾、神经质或身心疾病，这些病有时会伴随他们一生。
In contrast, infants who are loved and cuddled typically gain more weight, cry less, and smile more.而对比之下，拥有爱和拥抱的婴儿通常体重增加得快，哭得少，而笑得多。
By five years of age, they have been found to have significantly higher IQs and to score higher on language tests.到了五岁时，他们的智商和语言测试的分数明显比前一类儿童高得多。
Reference NotesUnit 4 Love and MarriageReading FocusLove and Loving RelationshipsInformation Notes1. This passage is taken from Marriages and Families: Changes, Choices, and Constraints by Nijole V. Benokraitis, a textbook on marriage and families. Nijole V. Benokraitis is also the author of Seeing Ourselves(Prentice Hall, April 2006), Feuds About Families: Conservative, Centrist, Liberal, and Feminist Perspectives (Prentice Hall, October 1999) and other books. In this passage, the author uses expository method to explain what love is and what loving relationships are. She quotes the opinions of quite a few people on love and loving relationships. She explains different dimensions of love and comes to the conclusion that real love is closer to "stirring-the-oatmeal love". The author also explores the differences between physical lust and true love.Since the passage is part of a textbook, the author adopts an academic style in writing which features citation of referenced works. For most of the paragraphs of this passage, she uses the first sentence to express her main idea and then develops her opinion through the rest ofthe paragraph.2. Mae West (1893--1980) was an American actress, playwright, screenwriter, and sex symbol. Mae West was only seven years old when she started appearing in amateur shows and many times she won prizes for her performances. West began performing professionally in vaudeville in 1907 at the age of 14. Mae's first appearance in a legitimate Broadway show was in the 1911 revue A La Broadwa y. She began writing her own risqu6 plays using the pen name "Jane Mast". Her first starring role on Broadway was in a play she titled Sex, which she also wrote, produced and directed. In 1932, West was offered a motion picture contract by Paramount Pictures. She signed and went to Hollywood to appear in Night After Night starring George Raft. Her major films include Night After Nigh t (1932), She Done Him Wrong (1933), I'm No Angel (1933), Belle of the Nineties (1934), Goin' To Town (1935), Klondike Annie (1936), Go West Young Man(1936), Every Day’s a Holiday (1937), My Little Chickadee(1940), The Heat’s On(1943), Myra Breckinridge(1970), and Sextette (1978).3. Erich Pinchas Fromm(1900—1980) was an internationally renowned socialpsychologist, psychoanalyst, and humanistic philosopher. He was associated withwhat became known as the Frankfurt School of critical theory. His major works include: Escape from Freedom(US), Fear of Freedom(UK) (1941), Man for Himself, an Inquiry into the Psychology of Ethics (1947), Psychoanalysis and Religion (1950), The Sane Society (1955), The Art of Loving (1956), Psychoanalysis and Zen Buddhism(1960), Marx’s Concept of Man(1961), The Nature of Man (1968), The Crisis of Psychoanalysis (1970), To Have or to Be? (1976), Greatness and Limitqtion of Freud’s Thought(1979), On Disobedience and Other Essays (1984), The Art of Being (1993), The Art of Listening (1994), and On Being Human (1997). The citation in the passage is from his book Art of Loving published in 1956.4. The word gourmet is more of a cultural idea associated with the culinary arts of finefood and drinks of that culture. Gourmet may also be used to describe a class of restaurant, cuisine, meal or ingredient of high quality, of special presentation, or high sophistication. Gourmet may also refer to a person with refined or discriminating taste or to one that is knowledgeable in the art of food and food preparation.参考译文下面的文章选自奈杰尔·贝诺克瑞提斯的《婚姻与家庭》。
Unit 1 Low Carbon Economy1. Reading Comprehensiona. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.1. BThis is the decisive moment for us to take actions to stop global2. Bit would be much more...3. A because climate is the atmosphere4. C concludes that economic damages caused...5. B now we have a ..b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.(1) according to..is the result of the rapid build up of greenhouse gases primarily caused by human activities;the global..unless we begin a concerted, rapid shift toward a low carbon economy (2) John Holdren..because climate represents the envelope within which all our natural systems operate(3) the threat of..which are the increased costs of damage from extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, heat waves, and major storms; the risk that such events affect global financial markets through higher or more volatile insurance costs; and the risk of abrupt and large scale climate change(4) Scientific analysis of historic climate data and projections of future conditions, and state ofthe art computer models paint a stark picture of what is to come are the bases to answer the...(5) according the IPCC’s report,keeping average temperature to an increase in the range of 2.0℃to 2.4℃2. V ocabularya. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.(1) lack of money..have a adverse(2) the problem is..and stark(3)now there are..could inflict(4) Databases used..collected systematically(5)France’s....month triggered(6)Because many people..harsh and improvident(7)She had incurred(8) When travelling..a secure alternative(9)He lost out on(10)My parents finally settled onb. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.(1) B receiver(2) C unfamiliar(3) A extreme(4) D worsen(5) B unsteady(6) C destruction(7) A relieve(8) D with the help of (9) C death (10) Din the future3. ClozeChoose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.The U.N-sponsored meeting in Accra was one in a series aimed at forging a deal to replace... (1) embraced(2) sped up(3) running out(4) urgency(5) initiative(6) specific(7) designated(8) contribute(9) incorporate(10) hampering(11) reward(12) involved(13) adverse(14) adaptive(15) vulnerability(16) alternative(17) context(18) due to(19) compensation(20) scheduled4. Translationa. Chinese to English1) Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Bending under the weight of the packs, sweating, they climbed steadily in the pine forest that covered the mountainside.他们被背包(2) Concentrating on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly.我们在无聊的时候(3) Unemployment shot up in France during the second quarter, and the country’s top financeofficial said the situation will continue to aggravate even if a global economic recovery gathers pace. It was the worst quarterly unemployment in France since early 2006.法国第二季度的(4) As social practice continues to develop, we should keep renewing our ideas and make innovations courageously in light of practical needs.社会实践是不断发展的(5) Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have increased 3 times in the past few years.自行车被看成是比公共汽车更实惠的交通工具，因为公共汽车票价(6) The U.S. government has called on people to save water because the scarcity of water has become a source of global tension ecologically, economically and politically.美国政府呼吁全国(7) In order to be a recognized leader in the industry, it’s essential for a company to improve production quality and tap the overseas market through the help of state of the art technologies and equipment.一个企业只有引进高新技术设备，提升产品质量，开拓国际市场(8) If you are thinking about coming to Britain for Christmas, it might be a good idea to think again. That’s because thousands of Christmas travelers have been stranded in the UK as advers e weather conditions caused massive disruption to the transport infrastructure.如果你打算到英国2) Translate the following paragraphs into English.Scientists say the warming of the planet will be gradual, but that extreme weather events will increase in frequency and intensity. They say the effects of more storms, floods, droughts and heat waves will be abrupt and profound. The World Health Organization says the effects of so called climate sensitive diseases already are killing millions of people.科学家们表示Climate change is a global phenomenon. While no country will be exempt, she says its consequences will not be evenly distributed. The WHO chief says poor countries that already are struggling with huge problems will be most affected. Fragile health systems in the developing world will come under increased stress. They will have great difficulty coping with the increased burden of disease and other health problems.气候变化是一种全球化的现象。
2020年大一上学期英语期末复习Diary of a fresher大一新生日记Sunday星期日1 After a wearisome expedition by car from home, we arrive at my hall of residence, and I check in. The warden gives me a set of keys and a room number. My room is five floors up, and the lift has a sign on it, "Out of order". Finally, with my mother flushed and gasping for breath, we find Room 8, I unlock the door, and we all walk in.1 从家里驱车经过一段疲惫的旅程才到达我住的宿舍楼。
我进去登记。
宿舍管理员给了我一串钥匙，并告诉了我房间号。
我的房间在6楼，可电梯上写着“电梯已坏”。
等我们终于找到8号房间的时候，妈妈已经涨红了脸，累得上气不接下气。
我打开房门，我们都走了进去。
2 After one minute, my father climbs out. The room is barely big enough for one, and certainly not big enough for the whole family. I can stretch out full-length on the bed and touch three walls without moving a muscle.2 但爸爸马上就从里面爬了出来。
这个房间刚刚够一个人住，一家人都进去，肯定容不下。
我躺在床上，把全身伸直，不动弹就可以碰到三面墙。
3 Lucky my brother and my dog didn't come too.3 幸亏我哥哥和我的狗没有一起来。
七年级下Unit1-unit4英语综合测试题（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分）第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。
每段对话读两遍。
( )1.What can Jack’s brother play ?A.The guitar.B. The violin.C. The piano( )2.What’s Mr. Smith’s telephone number ?A. 398-2471B. 398-2741C.389-2741( )3. Who can sing the brithday song ?A. Bob.B. Helen.C.Helen’s sister ( )4. What club does Grace want to join?A. The art club.B. The English Club.C. The soccer club. ( )5. Who is in the English club ?A. Tom’s sisterB. Tom’s cousinC. Tom’s aunt第二节听下面几段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
每段对话读两遍。
( )6. When is the school music festival?A. On March 8thB. On March 18thC. On March 28th.( )7.What can the boy do ?A.He can play the piano.B.He can play the violin.C. He can play the drums.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
( )8. Who does Linda usually play tennis with after school?A. Her parents.B. Her friends.C. Her sister.( )9. What time does Linda go home ?A. At 5:30 p.m.B. At 6:00 p.m.C. At 6:30 p.m.( )10. What does Linda do after dinner?A.She watches TV.B. She cleans her room.C. She takes a walk.听下面一段独白，回答第11至第12两个小题。
硕士英语综合教程1答案【篇一：硕士英语综合教程1_1,3,4单元课后习题参考答案打印版】1. reading comprehensiona. choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.1. bthis is the decisive moment for us to take actions to stop global2. bit would be much more...3. a because climate is the atmosphere4. c concludes that economic damages caused...5.b now we have a ..b. fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.(2) john holdren..because(5) according the ipcc’ 2. vocabularya. fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.(1) lack of money..have the problem is..and there ’s....monthb. choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.3. clozechoose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. each one can be used only once. change the form where necessary.the u.n-sponsored meeting in accra was one in a series aimed at forging a deal to replace...(1) embraced(2) sped up(3) running out(4) urgency(5) initiative (6) specific(7) designated(8) contribute(9) incorporate(10) hampering(11) reward(12) involved(13) adverse(14) adaptive(15) vulnerability(16) alternative(17) context(18) due to(19) compensation(20) scheduled4. translationa. chinese to english1) translate the following sentences into english.(1) bending under the weight of the packs, sweating, they climbed steadily in the pine forest that covered the mountainside.他们被背包(2) concentrating on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly.我们在无聊的时候(3) unemployment shot up in france during the second quarter, and the country’s top financeofficial said the situation will continue to aggravate even if a global economic recovery gathers pace. it was the worst quarterly unemployment in france since early 2006.法国第二季度的(4) as social practice continues to develop, we should keep renewing our ideas and make innovations courageously inlight of practical needs.社会实践是不断发展的(5) bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have increased 3 times in the past few years.自行车被看成是比公共汽车更实惠的交通工具，因为公共汽车票价(6) the u.s. government has called on people to save water because the scarcity of water has become a source of global tension ecologically, economically and politically.美国政府呼吁全国(7) in order to be a recognized leader in the industry, it’s essential for a company to improve production quality and tap the overseas market through the help of stateoftheart technologies and equipment.一个企业只有引进高新技术设备，提升产品质量，开拓国际市场(8) if you are thinking about coming to britain for christmas, it might be a good idea to think a gain. that’s because thousands of christmas travelers have been stranded in the uk as adverse weather conditions caused massive disruption to the transport infrastructure.如果你打算到英国2) translate the following paragraphs into english.scientists say the warming of the planet will be gradual, but that extreme weather events will increase in frequency and intensity. they say the effects of more storms, floods, droughts and heat waves will be abrupt and profound. the world healthorganization says the effects of socalled climatesensitive diseases already are killing millions of people.科学家们表示climate change is a global phenomenon. while no country will be exempt, she says its consequences will not be evenly distributed. the who chief says poor countries that already are struggling with huge problems will be most affected. fragile health systems in the developing world will come under increased stress. they will have great difficulty coping with the increased burden of disease and other health problems.气候变化是一种全球化的现象。
第一单元TEXT壮丽的湖区藏匿于英格兰西北海岸一角的湖区景区景色别致怡人。
方圆30多英里，这片绿意葱茏的地方却拥有英格兰最高最陡峭的山峰和最深最大的湖泊。
所有这些妩媚山水、优美景色都隐匿在这个另人流连忘返的旅游休闲胜地之中。
高耸入云的山峰与连绵不得山峦错落在绿色的山谷间，那里的羊群悠闲地在苔藓覆盖的石墙边吃草。
现在作为湖区国家公园，这里是典型的英国风景。
浓缩了所有的自然风景，游客可以跨越草坡与田园湖泊，眺望耸立的山峰。
湖区地貌的形成年代已久。
火山，地震和冰河时代构造形成了非同寻常的景观，留下了火山石，崎岖的山峰，沟壑和奇妙的冰谷。
高高的凯斯维克湖，卡塞里格石圈提醒着人们这里曾经的早期定居者。
斯堪的纳维亚人也在这里留下他们的足迹，比如一些湖区特有的词汇——“T arn”表示小湖；“force”表示瀑布，“fell”代表小山，“gill”表示深谷和“beck”表示峡谷溪流。
这里潺潺的溪流和飞溅的瀑布随处可见。
在中世纪，修道院开始从事羊毛贸易，他们把羊群带到这里，现在羊群成为构成湖区牧场田园诗般景色的要素。
鉴于湖泊的独特魅力，这个国度曾经的那些知名的作家生活在这里就不足为奇了。
在噶拉斯米尔的鸽舍，诗人威廉华兹华斯同他妹妹多萝西，妻子玛丽以及他们的三个孩子曾久居于此。
如今，游客可以走进这间小屋，然后在一个飘窗边或火堆旁小憩并读一读多萝西的日记。
多萝西关于奥斯沃特湖畔水仙的描述激发了她哥哥的最著名的那首诗（I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud）。
在鸽舍，墙上一块块的黑色依然见证着华兹华斯在厨房挑灯读书的场景。
“这些含羊油的蜡烛冒着刺鼻的黑烟，”导游Esther Ruttert调侃道，“所以只有很微弱的光，他们的视力非常糟糕。
华兹华斯的许多诗歌都是在山上或花园里散步时创作的。
”山脚的这个四英亩的花园是华兹华斯亲手开辟的，如今仍然让人感到惊讶，“鸽舍”旁这个小小的花园简致而优雅。
透过“鸽舍”内的家具，陈列和以及墙上挂着的画，可以想象当年华兹华斯带着厚厚的镜片，在此创作的情景。
Lesson Four: This Life
Sidney pointier
It is the first time I have ever been on a stage-I don’t even know what a stage looks like –but I’m up there now and I open this” script剧本,” but I don’t know what it is. The director tells me to read the part台词 of “John.” Everywhere I see “John”
I must read everything under that.
Then I see him sitting in a front seat staring at me with the strangest look表情 . He says. “Get off that stage” I say, “What do you mean?” He says, “Just come on down off that stage and stop wasting my time. You’re no完全不是 actor. You don’t even know how to read.”
I leave and walk off down 135th Street saying to my self,”You can hardly read. You can’t be an actor and you’re not able to read.”I begin to think about what he’s said to me. Now I Know I can’t read too well. Here I am eighteen years of age, and if I live to be eighty, for the next sixty-two years I’m going to be a dishwasher 洗碟工. I’m not going to be able to make people notice me.
During the next six months, I spent as much time as possible reading. One of the restaurants I worked in during that period was in Astoria, long Island. The work was hard and heavy繁重的, but we would have most the dishes cleared away by 11:00 or 11:15 p.m.下午 It was my custom to sit out near the kitchen door and read the newspaper.
At the waiters ’table there was an old Jewish犹太族的 man who used to watch me trying to read that paper. I asked him one night what a word meant and he told me. I thanked him and went back to my paper. He went on watching me for a few seconds and then said “do you run across a lot of words you don’t understand?” I said “A lot-because I’m just beginning to learn to read well,” and he said, “I’ll sit with you here and work with you for a while.”
So at about eleven every night when he sat down for his meal, I would come out of the kitchen and sit down next to him and read articles from the front page of the paper. When I ran into a word I didn’t know (and I didn’t know half of the article, because any word longer than a couple of syllables音节 gave me trouble) he explained the meaning of the word and gave me the pronunciation. Then he’d send me back to the sentence so I could understand the word in context上下文 .
Then I would take the paper away with me, armed具备……知识或技能的 now with the meaning of those words, and reread再读 and reread the article so that the meaning of those words would get locked into my memory. Every evening we did that.
I stayed there at that job for about five or six weeks and I learned from him a
him properly because I never knew then what an enormous巨大的 he was making to my life. He was wonderful, and a little bit of him is in everything
I do.
After that, I always looked for the meaning of words, and when I ran into words I couldn’t pronounce and didn’t understand, I would work on them until I began to understand. I would keep going over and over the sentence they were in, and after a while I would begin to get an idea of what the word meant just by repeating the sentence. That became a habit, as did all the other things he left me with.
Word List（单词表）
script n.（戏剧、电影等）剧本，脚本
part n. （戏剧、电影等角色的）台词
look n.样子，表情
no adj.完全不是，绝不是
dishwasher n.洗碟工；洗碗机
heavy adj.繁重的；费力的
p.m. abbr.（post meridiem的缩写）下午，午后
Jewish adj.犹太族的
syllable n.音节
context n.上下文
armed adj.具备……知识或技能的；有……装备的
reread v.重读，再读
enormous adj.巨大的，极大的
contribution n.贡献
Proper Names（专有名词）
Sidney Poitier 悉尼·波蒂埃(人名)
John 约翰（人名）
Astoria，Long Island 长岛的阿斯托里亚（地名）
Useful Expressions(常用短语)
see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事
stare at 盯着
get off从……下来，下车
say to oneself 自言自语
be able to do能够做
think about sth.考虑某事
spend…time(in)doing花……时间做某事
make sb. do sth.让某人做某事
clear away清除
run across/into sb./sth.偶然碰到
a couple of几个
make a contribution to为……做出贡献
take sth. away (with sb.)带走
look for寻找
go over认真学习
begin to do sth.开始做某事
used to do sth.过去常常做某事
He used to go for a walk in the park when he was young. get/have an idea (of)知道，懂得
I have no idea what I should do.
I’m sorry,I have no idea of that.。
