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八年级下册英语Unit 1 what’s the matter?词汇篇学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点词汇句型，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。
1.matter的用法（1）名词：事情，问题What’s the matter? =what’s wrong (with you)? =what’s the trouble怎么啦？出什么事啦？（2）动词：有重大影响，有重要性如：What does it matter?2.疾病的表达法have a cold/a fever/ a toothache/ a stomachache3.take 的固定搭配take one’s temperature/ take breaks/ take risks/take some medicine/take off/ take care of/take away 4.surprise的用法1.做名词：to one’s surprise 使。
惊讶的，出乎。
意料2.做动词：surprise sb使某人吃惊3.做形容词：surprising, surprised的用法5.get的用法get off下车/get on上车/get into陷入，参与6.be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于做某事be used to do sth 被用作去做某事used to do sth 习惯于做某事7.out of的固定搭配look out of 向。
外看/ get out of从。
出来/ run out of用光基础演练1.---What’s wrong ______you?---I fell off the bike and hurt my leg.A. ofB. withC. forD. by2.Tom and Jenny enjoyed _________playing computer games.A. himselfB. herselfC. ourselvesD. themselves3. Sally became interested ___________science and wanted to be a scientist.A. forB. inC. throughD. at4. ---I had a __________.---You’d better go to see a dentist.A. headacheB. feverC. coldD. toothache5. I didn’t _________my temperature, but I knew I had a fever.A. giveB. setC. takeD. show二、根据汉语意思翻译句子。
人教版英语八年级下册第一单元知识点过关Unit 1 What’s the matter?一、重点短语1. have a fever 发烧，具体运用：She has a fever and she should lie down and rest.2. have a cough 咳嗽，cough既可以作名词，也可以作动词3. have a toothache 牙疼；tooth牙齿+ ache疼痛toothache 牙痛4. talk too much 说得太多；类似短语：eat too much吃太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水；take enough money带够钱6. have a cold 受凉、感冒；也可以用catch a cold7. have a stomachache 胃疼；stomach胃+ache疼痛stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼；sore疼痛+back背sore back背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下休息11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶；with表示“带有”12. see a dentist 看牙医；看医生用“see”13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take one’ s temperature 量体温；量体温、服药都用“take”15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药；例如：put some medicine on the cut在切口处敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热；feel感官动词，后接形容词17. sound like 听起来像；例如：sounds like a good idea 听起来像个好主意18. all weekend 整个周末；类似短语：all day \ all night \ all month19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走；类似短语：walk along22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without thinking twice 没有多想；without是介词，后接动词ing形式25. get off 下车；反义词get on上车26. have a heart problem 患有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使....... 惊讶的；例如：to my surprise \ to his surprise28. thanks to 多亏了、由于；例如：Thanks to the the doctors , the patient was saved in time. 多亏了医生们，这个病人及时被救了。
知识点大全SA基本句型1What’s the matter (with you)? （你）怎么啦？I have a cold. 我感冒了。
What’s the matter (with him/her)? （他/她）怎么啦？He/She has a toothache. 他/她牙痛。
思考：试分析句子结构。
说明：该句型是询问病人病情或关心他人状态时最常用的问句, 意思是“怎么了?”, 其后通常与介词with连用。
类似的问句还有：What’s wrong (with you/him/her)?重要的名词（身体部位）（下列均可数）arm n. 手臂。
back n. 背，背部。
ear n. 耳朵。
eye n. 眼睛。
foot n. 脚。
（复数为feet）hand n. 手。
head n. 头。
leg n. 腿。
mouth n. 嘴巴。
neck n. 脖子。
nose n. 鼻子。
stomach n. 胃。
tooth n. 牙齿。
（复数为teeth）重要的动词词组（疾病相关）说明：下列动词词组中的have直译应为“患上···，得了···（病）”，不过在中国人日常生活中往往省略了这些表述。
have a cold 感冒have a stomachache 胃痛补充：stomach n. 胃，肚子。
（可数）补充：ache n. 疼痛。
（可数）have a sore back 背痛。
小知识：sore adj. （发炎）疼痛的，酸痛的。
e.g. I had a sore throat yesterday afternoon.have a sore throat 喉咙痛，嗓子痛have a toothache 牙痛have a fever 发烧小知识：fever n. 发烧，发热。
（一般不可数，但在构成动词词组have a fever 时用作可数名词，此为英语中的固定搭配）e.g. The fever is down. 烧退了。
《Unit 1 Unit 1 What’s the matter？》教案教学目标：1语言目标：描述健康问题的词汇，及如何根据别人的健康问题提建议。
2 技能目标：能听懂谈论健康问题的对话材料；能根据别人的健康问题提建议；能写出重点单词和重点句型，并能描述怎样对待健康问题。
3 情感目标：通过开展扮演病人等活动，培养学生关心他人身体健康的品质。
通过本课的阅读，培养学生处理紧急事件的基本能力，树立紧急事件时互相帮助的精神。
Section A 1 (1a – 2d)Step 1 Warming up and new words1.Look at a picture and learn the parts of the body.2.New words and phrases.Step 2 Presentation1a Look at the picture. Write the correct letter [a-m] for each part of the body.___arm ___ back ___ ear ___ eye ___ foot___hand ___ head ___ leg ___ mouth___ neck ___nose ___ stomach ___ toothStep 3 Listening1b Listen and look at the picture. Then number the names 1-5Listen to the conversations again and fill in the blanks.Conversation 1Nurse: What’s the matter, Sarah?Girl: I ___________.Conversation 2Nurse: What’s the matter, David?Boy: I _________________.Conversation 3Nurse: What’s the matter, Ben?Boy: I _________________.Conversation 4Nurse: What’s the matter, Nancy?Girl: I _________________.Conversation 5Betty: What’s the matter, Judy?Ann: She __________________.Step 4 Speaking1c Look at the pictures. What are the students’ problems? Make conversati ons.ExamplesA: What’s the matter with Judy?B: She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water.She has a very sore throat now.A: What’s the matter with Sarah?B: She didn’t take care of herself on the weekend. She was p laying withher friends at the park yesterday. Then it got windy, but she didn’t puton her jacket. Now she has a cold.Step 5 Guessing gamesGuess what has happened to the students by using the important sentenc es. Step 6 Listening2a Listen and number the pictures [1-5] in the order you hear them.2b Listen again. Match the problems with the advice.Step 7 Speaking2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2bA: What’s the matter?B: My head feels very hot.A: Maybe you have a fever.B: What should I do?A: You should take your temperature.Step 8 Role–playImagine you are the school doctor. A few students have health problems.Role-play a conversation between the doctor and the students.2d Role –play the conversationStep 9 Language points and summary1. What’s the matter?这是人们特别是医生和护士询问病人病情时最常用的问句, 意思是“怎么了?”其后通常与介词with连用。
人教版八年级下册英语课本知识点梳理Unit 1 wh at’s the matter? sectionA课文内容：What's the matter? 怎么了? (教材第1页)【用法详解】What's the matter? 怎么了?/出什么事了?常用于询问某人患了何种疾病,遇到了什么困难等,也可用于询问某物出了什么故障,其后可接with sb./sth.,表示“某人/某物怎么了?”。
其中matter 用作名词,意为“问题;事情”matter前须加定冠词the。
【例句】What's the matter? 怎么了?Bad luck.I lost my pen. 真倒霉,我弄丢了钢笔.What's the matter with him? 他怎么了?He has a sore back.他背痛【拓展】matter[动词] 要紧;有关系多用在否定句、疑问句或条件句中It doesn't matter.没关系。
(通常用来回答对方的道歉)I have a cold. 我感冒了。
(教材第1页)【用法详解】have a cold (患)感冒。
其中have 用作及物动词,意为“患(病);遭受(病痛)”,常用于结构“have a/an +疾病名称”表示患病或身体某部位不舒服。
此时它不能用于进行时态,其第三人称单数形式为has,过去式为had。
常见的表示病痛的短语还有:have a fever 发烧have a toothache 牙疼have a headache头痛have a cough 咳嗽have a stomachache胃痛Do you often have a cold? 你经常感冒吗?Jim had a stomachache after supper yesterday.吉姆昨天晚饭后胃痛。
l have a stomachache.我胃痛。
( 教材第1 页)【用法详解】stomachache [名词]胃痛;腹痛是由“名词stomach(;腹部)+ache(疼痛)”构成的复合名词。
Unit 1 What’s the matter? 知识点总结一、询问病症What’s the matter (with sb.)?What’s the trouble(with sb.)?What’s wrong/ up (with sb.)?What happened to sb.?Is there anything wrong with sb.?二、表达病症及事故have/has/had a +病症have a cold/ fever/ cough 感冒、发烧、咳嗽have/has/had a +身体部位+ache have a headache/ toothache/ stomachache头疼、牙疼、肚子疼have/has/had a +sore+身体部位have a sore back/ leg/ throat腰疼、腿疼、喉咙痛其他类疾病或事故cut oneself切到某人自己hurt oneself 伤到某人自己have a nosebleed 流鼻血have a heart problem 有心脏病fall down 摔伤feel sick 感到不舒服get hit on the head by a ball被球击中脑袋get sunburned 晒伤have problems breathing 呼吸困难三、询问及给建议特殊疑问句：What should sb. do? Sb. should ......例：what should I do? You should take your temperature.一般疑问句及答语: Should sb. do..? Yes, sb, should/ No, sb. shouldn’t.例：Should he lie down? Yes, he should./ No, he shouldn’t.对症下药（提建议）You should/ shouldn’t..../ You’d better(not) dotake one's temperature 量体温go to the doctor 看医生drink some hot water with honey 喝带有蜂蜜的热水lie down and rest 躺下休息see a dentist and get an X-ray 看牙医、拍片brush your teeth after meals 饭后刷牙take medicine three times a day 一日喝三次药take breaks away from the computer 远离电脑休息rest for a few days 休息几天put some medicine on the cut 在伤口上敷药Put a bandage on the cut包扎伤口作文输出1、假如你是Lucy，你的好朋友Mary这几天觉得牙疼。
Unit 1 What’s the matter?单元语法讲解情态动词should的用法情态动词should和can ，may ，must一样，没有人称和数的变化，有词意，但都不能单独作谓语，必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。
基本意思是“应当，应该”，常用来表示建议或命令等。
如：You should work harder. 你应该更努力地工作。
否定式和疑问式的构成与can ，may ，must一样。
如：You shouldn’t play soccer in the stre et. 你们不应该在街上踢足球。
Who should pay the taxi driver? 谁应该付出租车钱？注意：常用句型You should /shouldn’t do sth. 表示“建议某人（不）做某事”。
其他表示“建议”的句型还有：Why not do sth.? /Why don’t you do sth.? /How about doing sth.? /What about doing sth.? /It’s a good idea to do st h. /You’d better do sth.等。
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。
此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。
例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。
例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。
should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。
例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
1. We _________ keep the new traffic law(交通法).A. mayB. shouldC. canD. need【答案】选B。
2.I’d like to buy a new shirt , but I don’t know __________ .A. where could buy itB. I should take whichC. which I should takeD. where can I get it【答案】选C。
写出同义表达Why not have a rest?(1) Why _______ ________ have a rest?(2) You’d _________ _________ a rest.(3) You _______ ________ a rest.(4) ________ _________ having a rest?【答案】(1)don’t you(2)better have(3)should have(4)What about情态动词Should的用法练习题1.I was really anxious about you. You _______ home without a word.A.mustn't leaveB.shouldn't have leftC.needn't leaveD.couldn't have left2.I'm not feeling well in the stomach, I _______ so much fried chicken just now.A.shouldn't eatB.mustn't have eatenC.mustn't eatD.shouldn't have eaten3.We _______ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studiedB.might studyC.should have studiedD.would study4.I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ it out for her.A.had to writeB.must have writtenC.should have writtenD.ought to write5.That young man has made so much noise that he _______ not have been allowed to attend the concert.A.couldB.mustC.wouldD.should6.It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can7.-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.-They _______ be ready by 12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need8.Mary _______ be in Paris, for I saw her in the town a few minutes ago.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.may not9.-I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning.-She _______ have spoken at the meeting.A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.needn'tD.couldn't10.-There were already five people in the car，but they managed to take me as well. -It _______ a comfortable journey.A.can't beB.mustn't have beenC.shouldn'tD.couldn't have been11.If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A.liesyC.had lainD.should lie12.It's hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _______ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldn't have fallenB.had not fallenC.should fallD.were to fall13.Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.A.won't; can'tB.mustn't; mayC.shouldn't; mustD.can't; shouldn't14.-Are you coming to Jeff's party?-I'm not sure. I _______ go to the concert instead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might15.A left-luggage office is a place where bags _______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will.反身代词1.概念:表示一个动作返回到该动作执行者本身或强调某人或某物“本人,本身”的代词叫作反身代词。
2.反身代词形式形式第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myself yourself himself，heself，itself复数ourselves yourselves themselves3.用法:Please help yourself to some tea.The girl is too young to look after herself.He never thought of himself.They teach themselves English.*在句中做名词或代词的同位语, 用来加强名词或代词的语气,做“亲自，本人”解,可以放在名词,代词之后, 也可以放在句尾。
You yourself said so.The desk itself is not heavy.We did it ourselves.=We ourselves did it.*做表语Tom is not quite himself today.Tom 今天感到不适/舒服.常见短语be oneself身体健康；enjoy oneself玩得快乐；help oneself to随便吃;随便用；擅自拿；talk to oneself自言自语；teach oneself自学；=learn by oneself by oneself单独地；for oneself为自己；反身代词练习题一、单项选择1. Those girls enjoyed ____ in the party last night.A. themB. theyC. themselvesD. herself2. Help ____ to some fish, children.A. yourselfB. yourC. yoursD. yourselves3. The film ____ is very fun.A. it’sB. itselfC. itD. its4. –Who teaches ____ math? –I teach ______.A. your, myselfB. you, myselfC. you, meD. you, herself5. The father will make ____ a bike ____.A. her, himselfB. she, himselfC. her, herselfD. she, herself6. The scarf is ____, she made it_____.A. herself, herB. herself, hersC. hers, herselfD. her, herself7. Liu Hulan’s death was great. She thought more of others than ______.A. herB. sheC. hersD. herself8. Luckily, he didn’t hurt ____ terribly yesterday.A. himB. themselvesC. himselfD. they9. I can’t mend my shoe _____. Can you mend it for ?A. myself, meB. myself, IC. me, ID. I, me10. I like watching in the mirror.A. meB. IC. myD. myself11. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesn’t enjoy _______.A. heB. himC. hisD. himself12. Lily was 9 years old. _____ was old enough to go to school ________.A. She , sheB. She , herselfC. Her, herselfD. Her. she13. Jim’s watch is much newer than _________.A. hersB.sheC. herD. herself14.Would you like _____for super?A: something Chinese B：Chinese somethingC: anything Chinese D: Chinese anything15.______ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it.A. SheB. She’sC. HersD. Her16.—Who taught you English last year?—Nobody taught me . I taught ______.A. meB. myselfC. mineD. I17.That bike is _________?A．he B. him C. his D. it18. We bought ______ a present, but _______ did n’t like it.A. they, themB. them , they C they , their D their , they19. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesn’t enjoy _______.A. heB. himC. hisD. himself20. Lily was 9 years old. _____ was old enough to go to school ________.A. She , sheB. She , herselfC. Her, herselfD. Her. she二、写出下列代词的反身代词或人称代词1)me 2)she 3)it 4)one 5)you 6)ourselves 7)themselves 8)yourselves 9)himself三、用适当的代词填空1.Is that car yours? Yes, it is ______. (I)2.How is Mr Li? _______is fine, thanks. (he)3.Put on______ hat! I am going to put it on. (you)4.Who is that over here? It is_______.(I)5.The old man lives by ______. (he)6.I am sure I can do it all by _______.(I)7.Look,is this room beautiful? I painted it _____. (I)8.I’d like to go for a walk. ______ too.(I)9.What are ______jobs? They are students. (they)11.Mary is old enough to take care of(照料) ______. (she)12.It is perfume（香水）, I made it __________.(I)13.Look at ____. She is very well. (she)14.Can you carry this box upstairs by _______.(you)15.You and she did very well in the test. The teacher said that he would praise(赞扬) _____ and______. (you , she)16.The story ______was very good, but you are did not tell it well.(it)17.Give Jane this watch.. Give______ this one too.(she)18.Sara is not pleased(满意的) with ________in this English test.(she)19.Did you enjoy __________at the party yesterday?(you)20.She wants to buy a car of _____own(拥有).(she)21.The old man lives by __________.22.I am sure I can do it all by ___________.23.Mary is old enough to take care of __________.24.It is perfume, I made it by __________.25.Can you carry this box upstairs by __________.26.Did you enjoy___________at the party yesterday?。
