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高考14种从句用法总复习之定语从句用法定语从句一、定语从句用法讲解用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般跟在先行之后。
用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词。
关系代词有who, whom, whose(指人)；that, which(指物),用来代替先行词。
that也可以指人,which 不能指人。
who, whom, which, that 在定语从句中作主语或者宾语；whose在定语从句中作定语。
例如：This is the boy who is good at English.This the boy (whom) Mr. Cheng teaches every day.This is the boy whose father is an English teacher.This is the desk whose leg is broken.= This is the desk the leg of which is broken.= This is the desk of which the leg is broken.This is the book that/which was bought by Tom yesterday.This is the book (that /which) he bought yesterday.This is the book whose cover is gone.注意：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语可以省略。
用来引导定语从句的副词（when, where, why）叫关系副词。
when, where, why代替前面的表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。
关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
例如：I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.This is the school where Mr. Cheng works.This is the reason why Li Ping is often late for class.二、定语从句用法定语从句是中学阶段的语法重点，也是历年高考的热点。
定语从句总结一：定语后置的总结〔1〕介词短语作定语：the landlady in the bad situation/ the way in error/ thethiefwith a gun / the communication in English /The student in sorrow didn’t pass the English exam.〔2〕表语形容词作定语：the presidents alive in the U.S.A are all male.〔3〕不定合成代词被修饰：Although I had dinner tonight, I still need something delicious tohave.〔4〕副词作定语：the students here are all come from Shenyang.〔5〕不定式作后置定语：the destination to go / the cookbook to use / the movie to cast/ the match to fire / the classical music to listen / the hammerto use / the task to finish〔6〕现在分词作定语：the man pronouncing the wrong pronunciation is a principal. 〔7〕过去分词作后置定语：the service given in the hotel is 5-star. / the signal signed bythe students are for cheating in the final exam.(P10-1) English is a language spoken all around the world.(P10) In only fifty years, English has developed into thelanguage most widely spoken and used in the world.〔8〕定语从句：〔P4〕The lesson (that) we can learn from Chuck and all others who haveunusual friends is that friends are teachers.二：定语从句的概念和公式特点(P3-1):关系代词在从句中作主语Chuck is a businessmanwho is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.先行词〔被修饰的名词或代词〕+ 关系词〔起连接作用的代词和副词〕+〔,〕定语从句〔在句中作成分〕三：定语从句的分类When I took the money from her grandfather, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the prettiest, largest smile (that)I have ever seen.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别1：限定性没有逗号，非有逗号。
高考英语要考的定语从句考点统计汇总定语从句作为英语语法，在学习过程中属于中较难理解与掌握的部分，也正是由于其复杂程度较高、逻辑性较强、理解难度很大。
概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★ 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较：Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who Who is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate? 4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
干货高中英语语法归纳总结大全，高考必备1.定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who（宾格whom），所有格whose）和关系副词where when why 等，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词that，which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语，whose 在从句中作定语，而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。
如：①I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.②I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.解析：在句①中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语，所以用关系副词when来代指，引导定语从句修饰先行词the days；而在句②中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语，所以用关系代词that或which来代指。
同样，表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语，则用关系副词where 或why 来代指；如果在从句中作动词的宾语，则用which或that来代替。
如：①This is the factory where/in which I worked.（作状语）②This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.（作宾语）注：当先行词为time,reason, place时，引导词可以省略。
①This was the first (when/what) I had serious trouble with my boss.②That is the reason (why) I did it.③This is the place (where) we met yesterday.另外，定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。
