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2023年度国际政治经济词汇表一、全球化（Globalization）全球化是指经济、政治、文化等方面越来越多地超越国界限制，形成全球性的联系和整体化的趋势。
随着科技的进步和信息的快速传播，全球化在国际关系中扮演着重要的角色。
二、贸易战（Trade War）贸易战是指国家之间通过采取增加贸易壁垒、提高关税等手段进行的经济冲突。
贸易战对于全球经济发展和贸易伙伴关系产生了重大影响，加剧了贸易保护主义的风险。
三、信息技术（Information Technology）信息技术包括计算机科学、电子通信和网络技术等，是当代政治经济中不可或缺的一部分。
信息技术的迅速发展和应用，改变了人们的生活方式和商业模式，对国际政治经济格局产生了深远的影响。
四、可持续发展（Sustainable Development）可持续发展是指满足当前世代需求而不损害后世代发展的能力，涵盖了经济、社会和环境方面的平衡。
在国际政治经济领域，可持续发展成为推动全球合作和解决全球性挑战的重要议题。
五、数字经济（Digital Economy）数字经济是指以数字技术为基础，通过互联网和新兴技术推动的经济活动。
数字经济的快速发展催生了互联网经济、电子商务和智能科技等新兴行业，对全球经济结构和就业方式带来了革命性的变化。
六、人工智能（Artificial Intelligence）人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，通过模拟和模仿人类智能的方法使计算机系统具有类似人类的认知能力。
人工智能技术的发展引发了对于就业与道德伦理等问题的讨论，同时也对全球政治和经济产生了深远的影响。
七、碳中和（Carbon Neutrality）碳中和是指在某个特定时间点或时间范围内，将所产生的碳排放总量与吸收或减排总量达到平衡。
碳中和被广泛认为是应对气候变化的有效手段，也是国际社会共同努力的目标之一。
八、一带一路（Belt and Road Initiative）一带一路是中国提出的推动国际合作的倡议，旨在通过互联互通、基础设施建设等方式促进沿线国家的经济合作。
政治经济类英语热点词汇政治经济类英语热点词汇导语：政治经济学是从生产关系方面研究各个阶级在经济发展过程中的地位和作用的经济学。
下面是YJBYS店铺收集整理的'政治经济类的英语词汇，欢迎参考!经济1.必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心remain committed to economic development as our central task2.使中国经济这艘巨轮破浪远航ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance3.新动能异军突起new driving forces emerge4. 培育壮大新动能build up powerful new drivers5.推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business6.建设共享平台create sharing platforms7.世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover8.经济增速换挡the change of pace in economic growth9.经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth10.长江经济带发展战略The Yangtze Economic Belt initiative11.经济运行保持在合理区间The economy operated within an appropriate range.12.提高实体经济的整体素质和竞争力improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy13.支持分享经济发展give our support to the development of a sharing economy14.更好激发非公有制经济活力energize the non-public sector15.依法平等保护各种所有制经济产权provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership16.促进资源型地区经济转型升级promote the economic transformation and upgrading of resource-dependent regions17.顺应国内经济提质增效升级的迫切需要respond to the urgent need to improve the performance of and upgrade China's economy18.为经济发展营造良好环境create an enabling environment for economic development19.国际收支基本平衡a basic balance in international payments20.增强经济发展新动力strengthen the new growth engines21.开放型经济新体制new systems for developing an open economy22.互利合作mutually beneficial cooperation23.国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划(“十三五”规划)the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China(the 13th Five-Year Plan )24.引领经济发展新常态guide the new normal in China’s economic development25.中高速增长medium-high rate of economic growth政治1.一个中国原则 the one-China principle2.与时俱进 keep pace with the times3.综合国力 overall national strength4.共同愿望common desire5.“走出去”(战略)going global6.不结盟 non-alignment7.单边主义 unilateralism8.多边政策 multilateralism9.人口老龄化 aging of population10.人口出生率 birth rate11.“两个一百年”目标 two centenary goals12.推进全面从严治党push forward the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party13.党和国家的根本利益the fundamental interests of the Party and state14.全面小康社会all-round moderately prosperous society15.社会主义现代化国家modern socialist country16.全国各族人民的根本利益the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups in China17.执政地位 the ruling status18.社会主义核心价值观socialist core values19.维护社会和谐稳定 safeguard social harmony and stability20.不断开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面continuously open up new prospects for socialism with Chinese characteristics21.人与自然和谐共生harmony between humankind and nature22.美丽中国建设 Beautiful China Initiative23.资源节约型、环境友好型社会resource-conserving, environmentally friendly society24.国家生态文明试验区 national ecological conservation pilot zone25.重点生态功能区 important ecological area (IEA)26.绿色低碳循环发展产业体系industrial system geared toward green, low-carbon, and circular development27.循环发展引领计划initiative to guide the shift toward circular development28.全民节能行动计划 Nation of Energy Savers Initiative29.计划生育基本国策 basic state policy of family planning30.为政之道，民生为本That government is best which gives prime place to the wellbeing of the people.31.区域协同发展coordinated development between regions32.城乡发展一体化urban-rural integration33.物质文明和精神文明协调发展ensure that cultural-ethical and material development progress together34.协同创新collaborative innovation35.全面建成小康社会决胜阶段the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects36.坚持人民主体地位uphold the principal position of the people37.创新发展 innovative development38.创新是引领发展的第一动力innovation is the primary engine of development.39.协调发展coordinated development40.协调是持续健康发展的内在要求Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy development.41.人与自然和谐发展humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man and nature42.G20峰会主办国 the host of the G2043.G20峰会成员国 G20 members44.嘉宾国 guest countries45.国际组织 international organization46.新兴市场国家 emerging markets47.领导人峰会 Leaders' Summit48.主题 theme49.论坛 forum50.发展中国家 developing countries。
政治经济类的词组和单词、短句这是本人平时收集以及上丁老师考研班上的一些笔记，希望对大家有所帮助。
如有错误之处，请大家给予指出，共同进步嘛，内容还要不断更新······经济类词汇1、auti-dumping反倾销2、venture capital风险资金/基金3、at double-digit rates以两位数增长…4、scale down 缩小规模5、auto exchange:二手车交易6、收购：acquire7、企业： business、firm、corporation、company、enterprise、8、跨国公司：international corporation、multi-national corporation、cross-national corporation、9、-oriented以…为导向的，重视… Ex. youth-oriented、export-oriented以出口为导向的、test-oriented education应试教育、quality education素质教育、10、State-run国营11、recall the product 召回产品recycle the product回收产品12、裁员：reduce the number of employee/staff、cut heads、fire、dismiss、discharge、lay sb off、give sb the sack、sack sb13、合作：team with、in partnership with、collaborate 14、经济周期: business/economic cycle15、商界: business/economic circle、the business world、the business community、the corporate world16、disposable income可支配收入17、in the possession of sb :in sb`s position 归某人所有/ in possession of sth 拥有某物(主动)/ take possession of 拥有18、长远看来: in the long term、in the long range、in the long run19、短期效果：results in the short run = its immediate results →immediate reason、immediate boss顶头上司、take immediate/prompt moves、20、industry pays off: it pays to be industrious勤奋是有回报的21、be sensitive to: be vulnerable to、be susceptible to易受到22、fund/finance the program为方案提供资金→initiate the program提出方案、→sponsor the program赞助方案、23、economic prospect: financial 24、target user: intended user目标用户25、evade taxes: tax evasion逃税26、General Motors 通用汽车27、part-timer兼职工28、She is in the red.她正在亏损。
Conductive to 有助于博爱universal brotherhood international reserve currency 国际储备货币protectionist trade policy贸易保护主义政策intellectual property rights 知识产权independent innovation 自主创新basic state policy 基本国策well-off society 小康社会High Commissioner 钦差大臣sue for peace 求和open ports to foreign trade 开放通商口岸consular jurisdiction 领事裁判权unilateral most- favoured- nation treatment 最惠国待遇special right 特权semi-colonial and semi-feudal 半封建，半殖民地privileges 优惠indemnities 赔偿concessions 租界the Sino-Japanese war of 1894甲午中日战争scholars知识分子reformists维新派diehards顽固派submit a memorial to上书feudal autocracy封建专制Empress Dowager CiXi 慈禧太后put sb under house arrest 软禁narrowly escape侥幸逃脱Dr .Sun Yat-sen 孙中山基本着眼点the basic focus连续性continuity / consistency力度intensity搞好宏观调控to ensure macro- control 防范于未然forestall and possible trouble积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy阶段性政策interim policy建设国债construction treasury bonds 国债投资funds from the sale of treasury bonds向---倾斜direct towards社会事业social undertakings东北地区等老工业基地northeast China and other old industrial basis增收节支increase revenue and reduce expenditure国际收支平衡international payments 人民币交换率exchange rate for RMB 以市场为导向guided by market forces 信息发布机制information release system抓紧制定quickly formulate严格市场准入enforce market admittance strictly限期改造upgrade within a specified time整顿规范rectify and standardize改扩建工程rebuilding and expansion projects时机opportune moment出台政策introduce policies产业结构industrial structure人力物力财力资源human, material and financial resources自主知识产权proprietary intellectual property rights国家振兴national revival装备制造业equipment manufacturing industry大力发展energetically develop缓解当前矛盾alleviate the current disparities重要的原材料important raw and processed materials交通运输干线transport trunk lines提高资源利用效率use resources more efficiently节约型社会conservation-minded society弄虚作假Resort to deceptive means墨守成规get into a rut明察秋毫be aware of the minutest detail in everything鸣锣开道牟取暴利clear the way for to reapcolossal profit科教兴国战略strategies in rejuvenating the nation through science and technology科技成果转让transfer of scientific and technological achievements环境绿化environment greening环境污染管理environmental pollution control放射性废物处理radioactive waste treatment选举与被选举权have the right to vote and stand for election颁布实施promulgate and put into effect 跑官要官angle for official positions吃大锅饭eat from the same big pot唱高调have the highest sounding brass 据有关人士透露according to people concerned从－角度定义defined in—terms从切身利益from immediate interests 医疗卫生medicine service妇幼保健maternal and child health care少年犯juvenile delinquents高朋distinguished guests第一条article 1第一款section 1条款一clause 1德智体全面发展all- round development of morality,intelligence and physique高等学校institutions of higher learning 社会力量social forces在某――方面in terms of \ in respect of \on the--plane化解break down最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检查院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate五伦five cardinal relationships军事对峙military confrontation炎黄子孙the Chinese descendants仗义执言speak out from a sense of justice 孙中山Yat-sen以公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度the basic economic system in which the public sector plays a dominant role while multiple sectors are also allowed to play their pars for common progress共同发展common progress在这一背景下under such circumstances社会保障体系social security system拉动经济增长bring about economic progress全方位in all sectors and at all levels人均国内生产总值per capita GDP加强做――的力度intensify our efforts in不完善的inadequate不发达的undeveloped新民主主义革命new- democratic revolution社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism基本理论，路线，纲领the basic theory, line and program改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside world中国共产党十一届三中全会the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China党的第一代中央领导集团the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first generation国民经济体系national economic system国内生产总值the gross domestic product独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace经济基础economic base有理想，有道德，有文化，有纪律的公民citizens with lofty ideals ,moral integrity ,better education and good sense of discipline依法治国和以德治国the rule of law and the rule of virtue反对和抵制拜金主义，享乐主义combat and resist money worship and hedonism立党为公，执政为民work for the public and assume power for the people 解放思想，实事求是emancipate the mind and seek truth from the facts主观主义subjectivism民主集中制，党内民主democratic centralism ,inner-party democracy从粗放型经济转变成集约经济shift from extensive economic mode to intensive one促进全球经济一体化foster the global economic integration择优on the basis of merits自重，自省，自励self-discipline, self-examination and self-motivation以权谋私to abuse power for personal gains贪赃枉法take bribes and bend the law 小康社会well -to-do society小康生活well –to-do life四项基本原则the Four Cardinal Principles台独Taiwan’s independence工作策略the working tactics按劳分配distribution according to one’s performances把握大局grasp the overall situation 维持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保健食品hearth-care food奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life地方保护主义regional protectionism不可再生资源non-renewable resources不正之风bad practice摆脱贫困shake off poverty闭关政策closed-door policy超前消费pre-mature consumption大专文凭associate degree党风建设construction of the Party conduct统筹兼顾make overall plans and take all factors into consideration效率优先，兼顾公平give priority to efficiency with consideration to fairness 以人为本people-oriented\ people foremost优势互补have complementary advantages与时俱进advance with the times知识经济knowledge-based economy 综合国力comprehensive national strength支柱产业backbone industry职能转换transformation of functions 振兴中华revitalize the Chinese nation 减员增效downsize for efficiency素质教育education for all-round development赢得市场gain a larger share of the market定向培训training for specific posts使中国经济信息化to base China’s economy on information使中国经济走向世界to make China a more active economic player in the world持续，稳定，协调发展sustained ,stable and coordinated development突发新闻breaking news要闻cover story深度报道feature story小老板lesser boss长江三角洲the Yangtze River Delta Area热销sell like hot cakes表演舞台give full play to their talents 向－致以诚挚的敬意humbly pay tribute to sb科学发展观scientific outlook ondevelopment中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics科学技术是第一生产力science and technology constitute a primary productive force最低生活补助substance allowance学龄儿童school-age children奢侈浪费extravagance人民代表大会制度the system of people’s congress改革开放the policy of reform and opening-up工人阶级的先锋队the vanguard of Chinese working class中国最广大人民的根本利益the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people人民民主专政People’s democratic dictatorship以经济建设为中心to make economic development our central task富强，民主，文明的社会主义现代化国家prosperous ,strong ,democratic and culturally advanced modern socialist country民族区域自治regional autonomy of ethnic minorities霸权主义与强权政治hegemonism and power politics防腐拒变resist corruption ,prevent degeneration永不僵化，永不停滞stay away from rigidity and stagnation不为任何风险所惧fear no risks正确处理改革，发展和稳定的关系to balance reform ,development and stability高度集中的计划经济highly centralized planned economy充满活力的社会主义市场经济robust socialist market economy以――为指导to follow the guidance 经济实力大幅提升economic strength increased substantially改革开放取得重大突破major breakthroughs are made in reform and opening up提高经济效益to improve economic returns降低消耗to reduce consumption of resources二氧化硫排放the discharges of sulfur dioxide顺应时代潮流keep up with the trend of the times增长方式pattern of growth经受住金钱，美色的考验to withstand the test of money and sexual temptation――届全国人大――次会议the –Session of the –National People’s Congress救国救民的道路 a path of salvaging the country and the nation举手表决to vote by a show of hands 开拓创新精神the pioneering and innovative spirit可持续发展sustainable development 傀儡政府puppet government立场坚定to take a firm stand廉洁奉公to be honest in performing one’s official duties廉正建设to build a clean a honest government行政处分administrative discipline punishment一个中心，两个基本点one central task and two basic points一切向钱看to put money above all else独生子女the only child in one’s family产粮大省granary province产品科技含量technological elements of a product长江中下游the middle and lower reaches of Chang jiang River第三产业the tertiary industry无烟工业smokeless industry解决民生问题improve people’s well-being水利枢纽water control project西藏自治区Tibet Autonomous Region liti青藏高原Qinghai-Tibet Plateau西电东送the diversion of electricity from the western to the eastern regions 台湾是中国不可分割的一部分Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory西部打开发the development of the west regions扩大内需to expand domestic demand 应试教育education-oriented education人才枯竭exhaustion of human resources记者招待会press conference财政拨款financial allocation脱贫致富shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity国际惯例international practice合资企业the joint venture特别行政区special administrative region安全第一,预防为主safety first , precaution crucial安慰奖consolation prize颁奖大会award presentation ceremony报销apply for reimbursement闭关政策closed-door policy边远地区remote and border areas秉公办案handle cases impartially秉公执法enforce laws impartially不承诺放弃使用武力not under take to renounce the use of force财务公开keep the public informed of the financial affairs城市规划urban planning城市垃圾city refuse持平hold the line充分利用两个市场，两种资源fully utilize both domestic and international markets and resources促进社会全面进步to promote the social progress in an all-round way恶性循环vicious circle 发展是硬道理development is the absolute need房地产市场 real estate market奉公守法abide by the law and social discipline富民政策policy to enrich people革命老区old revolutionary base areas 基层工作grass-roots work继往开来to continue the past and open up th future加强农业基础地位strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序to build a fair and rational new international political and economic order脚踏实地to be down-to-earth劳动力就业问题the problem of employment on the labor force经过长期不懈的努力through protracted and unremitting efforts经济封锁economic blockade经济技术开发区economic and technological development zone经济机制economic mechanism跨世纪工程trans-century project扩大中等收入者比重raise the proportion of the middle-income group 拉动经济增长to fuel economic growth 劳动合同制度labor contract system历史遗留下来的问题issue rooted in the history立体农业three-dimension agriculture 两岸三地the mainland ,TW and HongKong两个文明一起抓place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress两岸关系the relations across the TW straits乱收费arbitrary charges森林覆盖率forest coverage rate睦邻友好关系good-neighborly and friendly relations扭亏为盈turn losses into gains贫富悬殊wide gap between the richand the poor三农问题issues concerning agriculture countryside and farmers人才储备reserve of talents取信于民attain the people’s trust去伪存真get rid of the fake and retain the genuine求同存异seek common ground while reserving differences切身利益vital interests升级换代to update and upgrade时代的必然要求the inevitable demand of the times试点工程pilot project乡镇企业township enterprises退耕还林to convert cultivated land to forest事业单位public institution市政工程municipal works以经济建设为中心focus on economic construction深化改革，扩大开放deepen reform and expand opening up走出困境extricate oneself from a predicament艰难进取make progress through arduous efforts一往无前press forward with an indomitable will万难不屈yield no difficulties百折不挠keep ion fighting in spite of repeated setbacks受尽屈辱suffer all kinds of humiliation职业道德professional ethics加强社会主义法制建设strengthen the establishment of socialist legal system经济增长与社会进步economic growth and social progress多种经济成分共同发展common development of multi-economic sectors 沿海经济特区special economic zones in coastal areas社会保障制度social security system 新兴市场经济emerging market economy传统计划经济traditional planned economy国民经济预算national economic budget持续，快速，健康的经济发展sustained ,rapid and sound economic development非国有经济non-state economy国有经济state-owned economy消除贫困eliminate poverty加强宏观调空strengthen macro-control经济共同体economic community世界经济多极化multi-polarization of world economy多样化经济diversified economy经济增长点economic growth point经济增长率economic growth rate地区经济regional economy混合经济mixed economy物价指数price index过热的经济overheated economy | 市场干预market intervention紧缩政策deflation policy利率调整adjustment of interest rate 过度货币发行量excessive amount of currency issue适度从紧的货币政策moderately tight monetary policy救济金relief fund供过于求supply exceeds demand供需关系relation between supply and demand抑制房地产热curb the real estate craze经济效益economic efficiency实际收益real earnings政府债券government bond慈善基金benevolent fund财政补助financial aid预期收益expected earnings独家代理exclusive agency现代企业制度modern enterprise system大中型企业large and medium-sizeenterprises扩大自主权expand the right of self-management合格产品eligible product侵犯个人隐私invasion of privacy以和平方式解决国际争端to settle international disputes by peaceful means 流动资产floating assets人才交流talents exchange生活补助living subsidies发挥个人潜力give full play to one’s potential集思广益pool one’s wisdom精简机构streamline government organs扰乱社会秩序disturb the social order 目无法规defy the law and social disciplines要求索赔claim compensation卫生环境sanitary environment国家凝聚力the cohesion force of country文化底蕴the rich cultural deposits生活保障guarantee of life下岗人员the laid-off workers符合民心accord with\echo the aspiration of the people尊重人民首创精神respect the people’s initiative开辟道路blaze a rail of --实践永无止境practice knows no bond勇于变革，勇于创新make bold changes and innovations集中体现 a concentrated expression 同――一脉相承in the same line with立足――fully recognize the basic reality ---统筹兼顾各方面利益accommodate the interests of all parties人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产力之间的矛盾the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level social productive forces 自甘落后resign to backwardness脱离实际，急于求成unrealistic pursuit of quick results着力解决spare no effort to solve全面提高对外开放水平to improve the work of opening up in an all-round way文明素质ethical standards弘扬良好的思想道德风尚promote\uphold moral integrity惠及――benefit---不安宁的世界 a world far from being tranquil增强忧患意识to enhance the sense of urgency居安思危think of danger in times of peace前进道路上的困难与风险difficulties and risks that may arise on our road ahead全国各族人民the people of all ethnic groups of the country紧密团结在党中央周围rally closely around the Party Central Committee万众一心work with one heart and one mind in a joint在曲折中amid twists and turns。
Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区One country, two systems 一国两制Special administrative region 特别行政区Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Eliminate poverty 消除贫困Common prosperity 共同富裕ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济State-owned economy 国有经济Non-state economy 非国有经济Collective economy 集体经济Individual economy 个体经济Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展Market economy 市场经济Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Open-door to the outside world 对外开放Opening up 扩大开放Open domestic market 开放国内市场。
常见政治经济类词汇精选安居工程 Housing project for low-income urban residents按揭贷款 Mortgage loan按劳分配 Distribution according to one ’s performance搬迁户Relocated families办实事 Bring tangible benefits to半拉子工程 Uncompleted project保持国民经济发展的良好势头Maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保税区 The low-tax ,tariff-free zone; bonded area不良贷款 Non-performing loans菜篮子工程 Shopping Basket Program拆迁补偿费 Compensation for demolition承包土地 Contracts for land management/contract farming城乡职工医疗保险制度改革Medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革Reform of the urban housing system出口创汇能力Capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports出口退税制度The system of refunding taxes on exported goods;export(tax)rebate出口转内销 Domestic sales of commodities originally produced for exports 传统产业 Conventional industries春运 (Passenger)transport during the Spring Festival辍学率 Dropout rate粗放式管理 Extensive management促进公平分配Promote fair distribution of social wealth促进经济一体化Foster integration with the global economy打假Crack down on counterfeit goods大满贯 Grand slam大学生创业 University students ’ innovative undertaking||University s t u d e nt s starting business待业 Job-waiting倒票 Speculative reselling of tickets盗版 VCD Pirated VCD盗用公款 Embezzlement低调 Low keyed低生育水平 A low fertility level低水平重复建设Low-level redundant d evelopment地方保护主义Regional protectionism第八个五年计划The Eighth Five-year plan第三代移动电话 (3G 手机) Third generation mobile; 3G mobile调控宏观经济运行Regulate operation of the macroeconomy豆腐渣工程 Jerry-built project独立和平的外交政策Independent foreign policy of peace 对外招商 Attract foreign Investment多种形式的保障制度Different forms of security system 发展不平衡 Disparate development知识产权 Intellectual property rights经济增长 8% economy to grow by 8%国内生产总值GDP（Gross Domestic Product ）实践“绿色GDP”the practice of “Green GDP ”健康、快速发展to drive ahead sound and fast结构调整 structural adjustment国家外汇储备State foreign exchange reserves贸易顺差 trade surplus积极的财政政策 a proactive fiscal p olicy适度宽松的货币政策 a moderately easy monetary policy 通胀预期 inflation expectations稳定物价总水平keep the overall level of prices stable地方财政预算local government budgets连续四年 For four years in a row比上年增加 a year-on-year increase每人的，人均的 per capita小康社会 moderately prosperous society宏观调控 macroeconomic regulatory扩大内需 boosting domestic demand人均纯收入 net per capita income户籍制度改革 reform of household registration system 培育新的经济增长点fostering new areas of economic growth国际收支状况 balance of payments房价过快上涨 precipitous rise of housing prices。
高中阶段的英语政治经济词汇英语知识点1. 政治词汇：政治经济词汇在高中阶段的英语学习中占据重要的地位。
以下是一些常见的政治词汇及其英语表达：1.1 政府（Government）- The government plays a crucial role in implementing policies and providing services to its citizens.- The government is responsible for maintaining law and order in the country.1.2 国家（Nation）- Our nation is known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse population.- The nation's economy has been growing steadily over the past decade.1.3 民主（Democracy）- Democracy allows citizens to participate in decision-making processes and elect their representatives.- In a democratic society, freedom of speech and expression are protected.1.4 政策（Policy）- The government implemented new policies to promote economic growth and reduce unemployment.- The foreign policy of a country determines its relations with other nations.1.5 选举（Election）- Candidates campaign vigorously before the election to gain the support of the voters.- The results of the election will determine the future direction of the country.2. 经济词汇：在高中阶段的英语学习中，了解和掌握一些经济词汇也是非常重要的。
社会政治与经济常用词汇社会政治与经济类英语热点词汇Earning 收益，收入，工资accumulated earnings 积累收益annual earnings 年收益earning assets 盈利资产earning capacity 盈利能力earning of capital 资本收益earnings after tax 税后收益earnings before interest and income tax (EBIT) 税前收益earnings per share (EPS) 每股平均收益earnings rate 收益率earnings ratio 收益率earnings target 收益目标gross earnings 毛利，毛收益real earnings 实际收益retained earnings 留存收益Economic 经济的economic analysis 经济分析economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区economic base 经济基础economic community 经济共同体economic cooperation zone 经济协作区economic crisis 经济危机economic cycle 经济周期economic depression 经济萧条economic efficiency 经济效益economic entity 经济实体economic forecast 经济预测economic foundation 经济基础economic growth rate 经济增长率economic integration 经济一体化economic miracle 经济奇迹economic order 经济秩序economic policy 经济政策economic potential 经济潜力economic prospect 经济展望economic recovery 经济复苏economic sanctions 经济制裁economic situation 经济形势economic system 经济体制，经济制度economic value 经济价值East Asia Economic Rim 东亚经济圈Economics 经济学economics of industry 工业经济学economics of management 管理经济学economics of scale 规模经济学Economy 经济closed economy 闭关自守经济commodity economy 商品经济economy measure 经济手段economies of scale 规模经济market economy 市场经济mixed economy 混合经济planned economy 计划经济Effective 有效的，实际的effective exchange rate 实际汇率effective liability 实际负债Efficiency 效率，有效性efficiency in operation 经营效率Efficient 高效率的，有效的efficient market 有效市场efficient portfolio 高效率投资Eligible 合格的，合法的eligible bidders 合格的投标商eligible products 合格产品Emergency loan 紧急贷款Emerging 新兴的emerging industry 新兴产业emerging market economy 新兴市场经济emerging nation 新兴国家Employee 职员，雇员employee benefits 职工福利employee pensions 职工养老金employee retirement fund 职工退休基金employee stock ownership plan 职工持股计划employee’s association 职工联合会employee’s insurance fund 职工保险基金employees’representative 职工代表employee’s rights 职工权力Employer 雇主employer’s association 雇主联合会Employment 就业，职业employment agency 职业介绍所employment application 就此申请employment certificate 就业证明employment contract 就业合同employment opportunities 就业机会full employment 充分就业Encourage 鼓励encourage investment 鼓励投资Endowment 养老金，捐赠endowment insurance 养老保险Energy 能源energy crisis 能源危机Enforcement 强制执行enforcement measure 强制措施Engineer 工程师Engineering 工程Enhance 加强，提高Enlarge 扩大enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Entrepreneur 企业家Enterpreneurial 企业家的enterpreneurial courage 企业家的胆略enterpreneurial spirit 企业家精神Enterprise 企业backbone enterprise 骨干企业central enterprises 中央企业collectively-owned enterprises 集体企业combined enterprise 联合企业enterprise accounting 企业会计enterprise development fund 企业发展基金enterprise law 企业法enterprises’management mechanisms 企业管理机制foreign-funded enterprises 外资企业large and medium-size enterprises 大中型企业local enterprises 地方企业modern enterprise system 现代企业制度money-lossing enterprises 亏损企业state-owned enterprises 国有企业township enterprises 乡镇企业Entertainment 娱乐，交际entertainment duty 筵席税，娱乐税Environment 环境environment protection 环境保护Equal 同等的，相同的equal employment opportunity 同等就业机会Equally competition 平等竟争Equipment 设备equipment leasing 设备租赁equipment trust bond 设备信托债券Equity 权益，股本，资产净值equity account 权益帐户equity capital 自有资本，股权资本equity capital transaction 产权资本转让equity capital turnover 产权资本周转率equity earnings 参股收益，股本盈利equity financing 产权筹资equity investment 股本投资equity market 权益市场equity ownership 资本所有权equity security 股票equity share 普通股票equity stock 股票，产权股票equity to assets ratio 权益对资产比率equity to debt ratio 权益对债务比率equity transaction 净值交易Establishment 建立establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Estate 不动产，房地产，财产，遗产estate tax 遗产税bankrupt’s estate 破产者财产Estimate 预算，估算estimate budget 概算Estimated 预计的，估计的estimated cost 估计成本estimated tax 估计税额Estimation 估计，鉴别European Currency Unit 欧洲货币单位European common market 欧洲共同市场European Monetary Unit 欧洲货币联盟Evaluation 估价，评价evaluation of performance 业绩评价evaluation principle 估价原则evaluation sheet 估价单Evaluator 评估员Even 公平的，偶数even bargain 公平交易even exchange 公平交换Evidence 证明，证据，证人evidence of title 所有权证明Examination 检查，审查examination of title 审查所有权Exceptional 例外的，特别的exceptional case 例外情况exceptional court 特别法院Excess 额外的，余额，超额excess profit 超额利润Excessive 过多的，过度的excessive growth 过度增长excessive inflation 过度通货膨胀excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力excessive profit 超额利润Exchange 交换，交易exchange control 外汇控制free exchange rate 自由汇率stock exchange regulation 股票交易规定Exclusive 独家的，专营的exclusive agency 独家代理exclusive sale 专营，包销Executive 执行的executive board 董事会executive committee 执行委员会Exempt 豁免，免除exempt from taxation 免税exempt income 免税收入Expected 预期的expected capacity 预计生产能力expected earning 预期收益expected profit 预期利润expected return 语期收益Expenditure 支出，费用expenditure on capital account 资本帐户支出gross domestic expenditure 国内支出总额Expense 支出，费用depreciation expenses 折旧费entertainment expenses 交际费，招待费expense budget 费用概算expenses of bankruptcy proceedings 破产手续费research and development expenses 研究开发费travel expenses 差旅费Export 出口，输出export of capital 资本输出export subsidy 出口补贴export tax 出口税Extensive 粗放的extensive management 粗放经营External 外部的external debt 外债Extra 额外的extra cost 额外成本extra profit 额外收入FFace 表面，票面face amount of bond 债券票面金额face interest rate 债券票面利率face value of share 股票票面价值Facility 设施，设备，服务机构facility charge 设备费facility cost 设备成本Factor 要素，因子factor analysis 因素分析factor of production 生产要素Factory 工厂factory overhead 工厂费用Fail 丧失支付能力，破产Failure 破产，倒闭，失败，无支付能力debtor’s failure 债务人破产Fair 交易会，公平的，合理的fair and reasonable price 公平合理价格fair dealing 公平交易fair market competition 公平市场竟争fair market value 公平市场价格fair rate of profit 公平利润率fair rate of return 公平收益率fair trade registration 公平交易法规fair valuation 合理估价fair-price shop 平价商店FallFallingFalse 假的false account 假帐false bill 假单据false tax 瞒税Family 家庭，家族family business 家族企业family company 家族公司family economy 家庭经济family farm 家庭农场Famous 有名的famous-brand products 名牌产品Farm 农场farm population 农业人口farm surplus 剩余农产品Farmer 农民，农场主Farming 农业Favorable 有利的，赞成的favorable interest rate 优惠利率favorable trade balance 贸易顺差Feasibility study 可行性研究Federal 联邦的Federal Agency 联邦政府机构Federal Fund Rate 美国联邦基金利率federal income tax 联邦所得税Federal Reserve Board 联邦储备局Federal Trade Commission 联邦贸易委员会FIFO (first in first out) 先进先出Final 最后的final account 决算帐户final date 截止日期final dividend 期末股息final settlement 决算Finance 财政，金融finance company 财务公司，金融公司Financer 金融家Financial 财政的，金融的，财务的all-purpose financial statement 通用财务报表certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计标准委员会financial advisor 财务顾问financial aid 财政补助financial budgeting 财务预算编制financial crisis 财政危机financial future 金融期货financial group 财团financial institution 金融机构financial lease 融资租赁financial leverage 财务杠杆financial market 金融市场financial position 财务状况financial statement 财务报表financial status 财务状况financial system 金融体系，金融制度financial year 财政年度non-bank financial instititions 非银行金融机构Financing 筹资，融资，提供资金bank financing 银行融资financing corporation 金融公司financing cost 融资成本financing mix’s risk and reward 融资组合的风险和回报Financially troubled company 财政遇到困难的公司Fire 解雇，火灾Firm 公司，企业，商号collective firm 合作企业private firm 非上市公司，私有企业state-owned firm 国有企业state-run firm 国有企业Fiscal 财务的，财政的fiacal burden 财政负担fiscal capital 金融资本fiscal fuction 财政功能fiscal measure 财政措施Fixed 固定的fixed assets accounting 固定资产核算fixed assets cost 固定资产成本fixed assets depreciation rate 固定资产折旧率fixed assets investment 固定资产投资fixed assets losses in suspense 待处理固定资产损失fixed assets ratio 固定资产比率fixed deposit 定期存款fixed exchange rate 固定汇率fixed mortgage 定期抵押，固定抵押fixed transfer price 固定转让价格investment in fixed assets 固定资产投资Flea market 跳蚤市场Flexible 弹性的，灵活的flexible budget 弹性预算flexible job system 弹性工作制度flexible working hours 弹性工作时间Floating 流动的floating assets 流动资产floating debt 短期债务，流动负债floating exchange rate 浮动汇率floating liability 流动负债floating rate of interest 浮动利率。
新闻高频词汇分类以下是常见的新闻高频词汇分类：政治类词汇：1. 政府：government2. 国家：nation, country3. 领导人：leader4. 政策：policy5. 选举：election6. 政治争议：political controversy7. 外交：diplomacy8. 内战：civil war9. 军事：military10. 政治家：politician经济类词汇：1. 经济：economy2. 市场：market3. 贸易：trade4. 货币：currency5. 投资：investment6. 就业：employment7. 失业：unemployment8. 增长：growth9. 通货膨胀：inflation10. 富裕：wealth社会类词汇：1. 社会：society2. 变革：change3. 教育：education4. 健康：health5. 犯罪：crime6. 种族：race7. 性别：gender8. 移民：immigration9. 贫困：poverty10. 社交媒体：social media环境类词汇：1. 环境：environment2. 气候：climate3. 污染：pollution4. 可持续发展：sustainable development5. 能源：energy6. 保护：protection7. 生态系统：ecosystem8. 水资源：water resources9. 动物保护：animal conservation10. 全球变暖：global warming科技类词汇：1. 科技：technology2. 互联网：internet3. 数字化：digitalization4. 人工智能：artificial intelligence5. 数据：data6. 创新：innovation7. 通信：communication8. 网络安全：cybersecurity9. 网购：online shopping10. 移动支付：mobile payment健康类词汇：1. 健康：health2. 流行病：epidemic3. 病毒：virus4. 疫苗：vaccine5. 医疗：medical6. 医生：doctor7. 药物：medicine8. 健身：fitness9. 营养：nutrition10. 心理健康：mental health以上仅是一些常见的新闻高频词汇分类，这些词汇在新闻报道中经常出现，但实际上还有很多其他词汇与话题也与新闻相关。
政治经济类词汇You are the visitor of No. 1312Deepening reform and opening up深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics 建设有中国特色的社会主义理论The theory on the initial stage of socialism社会主义初级阶段的理论One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点Focus on economic construction以经济建设为中心Adhere to the four cardinal principles坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform,抓住机遇，深化改革opening wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, 扩大开放，促进发展，maintaining stability 保持稳定Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces 是否有利于发展社会主义生产力Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country 是否有利于增强综合国力Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard 是否有利于提高人民生活水平Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策Reform measures 改革措施Speed up reform 加快改革Reform of economic system 经济体制改革Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform ofmanagement of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革Reform of housing system 住房制度改革Planning system 计划管理体制Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能Open door policy 开放政策Open economy 开放经济Open-door to the outside world 对外开放Opening up 扩大开放Open domestic market 开放国内市场Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和managerial experiences 管理经验Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区One country, two systems 一国两制Special administrative region 特别行政区Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制to the householdNarrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Eliminate poverty 消除贫困Common prosperity 共同富裕ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分State-owned economy 国有经济Non-state economy 非国有经济Collective economy 集体经济Individual economy 个体经济Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展National economic budget 国民经济预算Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展Commodity economy 商品经济Market economy 市场经济Free market economy 自由市场经济Developed market economy 发达的市场经济Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济Mature market economy 成熟市场经济Market economy country 市场经济国家Extensive economy 粗放型经济Intensive economy 集约型经济Transform the extensive economic mode into intensive one 粗放型经济转变为集约型经济Mixed economy 混合经济Regional economy 地区经济Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济Closed economy 闭关自守经济Economic growth point 经济增长点Economic growth mode 经济增长方式Economic growth rate 经济增长率Economy measure 经济手段Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济Economic situation 经济形势Economic cycle 经济周期Economic fluctuation 经济波动Economic miracle 经济奇迹Economic take-off 经济起飞Economic recovery 经济复苏Economic potential 经济潜力Economic sanction 经济制裁Global economy 全球经济Economic globalization 经济全球化Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化International economic integration 国际经济一体化New international economic order 国际新经济秩序Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化Economic community 经济共同体MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控Soft landing 软着路Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定Cheap money policy 低息货币政策Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整Cut interest rate 降低利率Control of interest rate 利率控制Deflation policy 紧缩政策Market intervention 市场干预State intervention 国家干预Administrative interference 行政干预Administrative intervention 行政干预Administrative measure 行政措施Economy measure 经济手段Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制Overheated economy 过热的经济Consumer price index 消费品价格指数Commodity price index 商品物价指数Retail price index 零售物价指数Average price index 平均物价指数Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素Inflation of credit 信用膨胀Inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热Development zone craze 开发区热Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡Supply and demand relation 供求关系Supply overdemand 供过于求Supply exceeds demand 供过于求Economic crisis 经济危机Economic depression 经济萧条MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理Establish a system for the management, supervision and operation of State assets 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系Reform ofmanagement of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and responsibilities, separating ownership from daily management and adopting scientific management 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，管理科学Regulation on the supervision and management of the state-owned enterprises 国有企业监督管理条例Laws and regulations on the administration of state-owned property 国有资产管理法律法规Operate independently, assume sole responsibility for its profits and losses, seek self-development and self-reliance 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，自我约束Uphold the principle of separating the functions of government from those of enterprises 坚持政企分开的原则alter the government’s role in economic management 转变政府经济管理职能Safeguard state property 保卫国有资产Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Definition of property rights 产权界定Clarification of property rights 明晰产权Registration of property rights 产权登记Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检Certificate of title 产权证书Change of registration 变更登记Change of title 产权变更Transfer of property rights 产权转让Transaction of property rights 产权交易Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构Inspection of assets 资产清查Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定资产重估Asset appraisal 资产评估Productive assets 经营性资产Non-productive assets 非经营性资产Return on assets 资产收益Balance sheet 资产负债表Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表Reform of State-Owned Enterprises 国有企业改革Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to promote re-arrangement of assets 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组and raise the overall quality of the State sector of the economy 提高国有经济的总体素质Concentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large enterprises and enterprises groups 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和企业集团Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Reform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改组和改造Re-organization, association, merger, joint partnership, leasing, contract operation and sell-off 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制租赁，承包经营和出售Manage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible policy towards small ones 抓好大的，放活小的Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业Standardize bankruptcy procedures, 规范破产程序encourage merging of enterprises 鼓励企业兼并promote re-employment 促进再就业Allow money-losing enterprise to merger or go bankrupt 允许亏损企业兼并或破产Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员Re-employment funds 再就业基金Conscientiously strengthen the operation and management of enterprises 切实加强企业经营管理Strengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理Increase capital and reduce debts through various channels 多渠道增资减债Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and increase profits 抓好企业扭亏增盈Develop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式Alleviate enterprise s’ social burdens减轻企业的社会负担By tapping the potential and upgrading the technology 通过挖潜改造Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating the inferior 优胜劣汰机制Enjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的决策权Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股Give more productive enterprises the power to engage in export independently 给更多的生产企业自营出口权Protect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益Technological upgrading 技术改造Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革Modern enterprise system 现代企业制度Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组Transform the enterprises’ management mechanisms of State-owned enterprises 转换国有企业经营机制Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整Industrial policy 产业政策Support and develop large enterprises and release small enterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can beturned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业Pioneer enterprise 试点企业Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Optimize capital structure 优化资本结构Optimize resource allocation 优化资源配置Optimize investment structure 优化投资结构Recapitalization 调整资本结构Capital reorganization 资本重组Promote rational flow of property right 促进产权合理流动Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效Investment risk mechanism 投资风险机制Project capital system 项目资本金制度Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss自负盈亏Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的经济结构Unreasonable product structure 不合理的产品结构Repeated construction 重复建设Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义Government supervision 政府监督Operating strategy 经营战略Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式Backward in management 管理落后Relying on government subsidy 依赖政府补贴Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴Heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担Excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力Merger and acquisition 兼并与收购Encourage merger 鼓励兼并Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破产Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度Re-employment projects 再就业工程Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业Laid-offworkers 下岗职工ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企业和公司Central enterprise 中央企业Local enterprise 地方企业Backbone enterprise 骨干企业Large and medium enterprise 大中型企业State-owned enterprise 国有企业Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业State-owned firm 国有公司，国有企业Corporate enterprise 股份制企业Collective enterprise 集体企业Collective firm 集体企业，合作企业Township enterprise 乡镇企业Partnership enterprise 合伙企业Individual enterprise 个体企业Foreign-funded enterprise 外资企业Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企业Small business 小企业Primary industry 第一产业Secondary industry 第二产业Tertiary industry 第三产业Corporate Law 公司法Township Enterprise Law 乡镇企业法Independent legal entities 独立法人Board of directors 董事会Board of supervisors 监事会Shareholders conference 股东大会Entrepreneur 企业家Firm 公司，企业Company 公司Incorporation 公司Corporation 股份公司Group of enterprises 企业集团Conglomerate 企业集团，综合性大企业Company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司Controlling company 控股公司Holding company 控股公司Bank holding company 银行控股公司Company with limited liability 有限责任公司State-owned holding company 国家控股公司Public company 上市公司Private company 非上市公司Listed company 上市公司Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司Parent company 母公司Subsidiary company 子公司Group company 集团公司Large-scale industrial group 大型工业集团International conglomerate 跨国企业集团International corporation 跨国公司Multinational corporation 跨国公司Multinational market group 跨国市场集团Banking institution 金融机构Banking sector 银行部门Intermediary bank 中介银行Development bank 开发银行Commercial bank 商业银行Investment bank 投资银行Credit bank 信贷银行Cooperative bank 合作银行Mortgage bank 抵押银行Clearing bank 清算银行Credit union 信用社Non-bank financial institution 非银行金融机构Financing corporation 金融公司Securities company 证券公司Underwriting company 担保公司Loan and trust company 信托公司Insurance company 保险公司Life insurance company 人寿保险公司Utility company 公共事业公司MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并与收购Reorganization 重组Association 联合Merger 兼并Acquisition 收购Joint stock partnership 股份合作Leasing 出租Contract operation 承包经营Auction 拍卖Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Strategic acquisition 战略性收购Combination of enterprise 企业合并Concentric acquisition 集中收购Conglomerate merger 集团企业合并Consolidation by lease 租赁式合并Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并Leveraged buy-out (LBO’s)杠杆收购Stock merger 股票兼并Vertical acquisition 纵向收购Vertical merger 纵向兼并Vertical consolidation 纵向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Horizontal merger 横向兼并Horizontal acquisition 横向收购Horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并Horizontal integration 横向联合Acquisition cost 收购成本Acquiring enterprise 收购方企业Corporate reorganization 公司重组Bankruptcy Law 破产法Bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第七章清算Bankruptcy code 11 --- reorganization 破产法第十一章重组Act of bankruptcy 破产法案Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法Bankruptcy court 破产法庭Bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人Bankruptcy notice 破产公告Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破产Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破产法庭内的协调Arrangement out of bankruptcy court 不经破产法庭的协调Creditor’s equity债权人权益Bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人Creditor’s meeting债权人会议Creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人MARKET AND COMPETITION 市场和竟争Commodity market 商品市场Securities market 证券市场Bond market 债券市场Stock market 股票市场Futures market 期货市场Options market 期权市场Property rights market 产权市场Capital market 资本市场Free market 自由市场Labour market 劳动力市场Flea market 跳蚤市场Bear market 股票市场的熊市Bull market 股票市场的牛市Market competition 市场竟争Market development 市场开发Market forecast 市场预测Market potential 市场潜力Market risk 市场风险Market share 市场份额Seller’s market卖方市场Buyer’s market买方市场Market abroad 海外市场Marketability 市场能力Marketable 销路好的Marketing channel 销售渠道Marketing strategy 销售战略政治经济类词汇二Competition market 竞争市场Perfect competition 完全竞争Imperfect competition 不完全竞争Low-level competition 低水平竞争Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争Competitor 竞争对手Natural monopoly 自然垄断International monopoly 国际垄断Market 市场bear market 股票市场的熊市bond market 证券市场bull market 股票市场的牛市capital market 资本市场emerging market economic 新兴市场经济majority market economic 成熟市场经济market abroad 海外市场market analysis 市场分析market approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的市场法market competition 市场竟争market demand price 市场需求价格market development 市场开发market economy country 市场经济国家market factor 市场因素market forecast 市场预测market index 市场指数market information 市场信息market investigation 市场调查market potential 市场潜力market quotation 市场行情market replacement cost 市场重置成本market research 市场调查，市场研究market risk 市场风险market share 市场份额，市场占有率market value method 市价法market-oriented 面向市场的market-to-cost method 市价成本法property right market 产权市场selle r’s market卖方市场social market economy 社会主义市场经济stock market 股票市场Marketing 营销，市场销售marketing channel 销售渠道，市场渠道marketing cost 销售成本marketing manager 市场销售经理markrting strategy 市场经营战略marketing system 市场体系relationship marketing 关系营销Asset, Liability And Equity 资产,负债和权益Asset management 资产管理Tangible assets 有形资产Intangible assets 无形资产Physical assets 实物资产Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失Deferred assets 递延资产Other assets 其它资产Total assets 总资产Net assets 净资产Book value of the assets 资产的账面值Non-ledger assets 帐外资产Asset account 资产账户Asset disposal 资产处置Asset depreciation 资产折旧Asset inventory shorts 资产盘亏Asset inventory surplus 资产盘盈Asset retirement 资产报废Asset revaluation 资产重估Capital assets 资本资产Monetary assets 金融资产Mortgage assets 抵押资产Long-term assets 长期资产Liability 负债Liability account 负债账户Direct liability 直接负债Current liability 流动负债Liability out of book 账外负债Long-term liability 长期负债Book debt 账面负债Asset liability ratio 资产负债比Owner’s equity所有者权益Equity account 权益账户Stockholders’ equity股东权益Preferred stock equity 优先股权益Cumulative preferred stock 积累优先股Non-cumulative preferred stock 非积累优先股Convertible preferred stock 可转换优先股Participating preferred stock 参加优先股Non-Participating preferred stock 非参加优先股Callable preferred stock 可赎回优先股Common stock equity 普通股权益Total equity 权益总额Assets Liabilities Ratio 资产负债率Quick Ratio 速动比率Current Ratio 流动比率P/E ratio 市盈率Current Liabilities to Net Worth 流动负债比净资产Total Liabilities to Net Worth 总负债比净资产Fixed Assets to Net Worth 固定资产比净资产Inventory Turnover Ratio Assets to Sales 存货Sales to Net Working Capital 销售收入比流动资金净值Accounts Payable to Sales 应付帐款比销售收入Return on Sales(profit Margin)Return on Assets 资产收益率Return on Total Assets 总资产收益率Return on Shareholder’s Equit y 股东权益收益率Return on Investment 投资收益Return on Net Worth(Return on Equity) 净资产收益率INCOME STATEMENT 收益表Sales Revenue 销售收入Deduct: Sales Discount & Allowance 减：销售折扣与折让Net Sales Revenue 销售收入净值Deduct: Tax on Sales 减：销售税金Coat of Sales 销售成本Gross Profit from Sales 销售毛利Deduct: Administration Expenses 减：管理费用Financial Expenses 财务费用Profit from Sales 销售利润Plus: Profit from Other Operations 加：其它业务利润Operating Profits 营业利润Plus: Investment Income 加：投资收益Non-Operating Revenue 营业外净收入Adjustment of Earning of Prior Years 以前年度利润调整Total Profits(Before Tax) 利润总额Deduct: Income Tax 减：所得税Net Profits 净利润CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET 合并资产负债表Assets 资产Current Assets 流动资产Long-term Receivable 长期应收账款Long-term Investment 长期投资Fixed Assets 固定资产Original Coat 原值Deduct: Accumulated Depreciation 减：累计折旧Net Worth 净值Construction in-progress 在建工程Other Assets 其它资产Total Assets 资产总额Liabilities & Equity 负债和权益Liabilities 负债Current Liabilities 流动负债Long-term Liabilities 长期负债Total Liabilities 负债合计Minority Interests 少数股东权益Equity 权益Paid-in Capital 实收资本Capital surplus 资本公积Retained Earnings 保留盈利Total Equity 权益合计Total Liabilities & Equity 负债和权益总额BALANCE SHEET 资产负债表ASSETS 资产Cash and Equivalents 现金和视同现金Accounts Receivable 应收帐款Inventories 存货Other Current Assets 其它流动资产Total Current Assets 流动资产总计Gross Prop.,Plant & Equip. 财产，场房和设备原值Accumulated Depreciation 累计折旧Net property, Plant & Equip. 财产，场房和设备净值Other Assets 其它资产Total Assets 总资产LIABILITIES & EQUITY 负债和权益Debt in Current Liabilities 流动负债Accounts Payable 应付帐款Income Taxes Payable 应付所得税Other Current Liabilities 其它流动负债long-term Debt 长期负债Deferred Taxes 递延税金Other Liabilities 其它负债Minority Interest 少数股东权益Total Liabilities 总负债Preferred Stock Equity 优先股权益Common Stock Equity 普通股权益Total Stockholders’ Equ ity 股东权益总计Total Liabilities and Equity 负债权益总计Economic 经济的economic analysis 经济分析economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区economic base 经济基础economic community 经济共同体economic cooperation zone 经济协作区economic crisis 经济危机economic cycle 经济周期economic depression 经济萧条economic efficiency 经济效益economic entity 经济实体economic forecast 经济预测economic foundation 经济基础economic growth rate 经济增长率economic integration 经济一体化economic miracle 经济奇迹economic order 经济秩序economic policy 经济政策economic potential 经济潜力economic prospect 经济展望economic recovery 经济复苏economic sanctions 经济制裁economic situation 经济形势economic system 经济体制，经济制度economic value 经济价值East Asia Economic Rim 东亚经济圈Economics 经济学economics of industry 工业经济学economics of management 管理经济学economics of scale 规模经济学Economy 经济closed economy 闭关自守经济commodity economy 商品经济economy measure 经济手段economies of scale 规模经济market economy 市场经济mixed economy 混合经济planned economy 计划经济Enterprise 企业Entrepreneur 企业家Enterpreneurial 企业家的enterpreneurial courage 企业家的胆略enterpreneurial spirit 企业家精神Enterprise 企业backbone enterprise 骨干企业central enterprises 中央企业collectively-owned enterprises 集体企业combined enterprise 联合企业enterprise accounting 企业会计enterprise development fund 企业发展基金enterprise law 企业法enterprises’ management mechanisms企业管理机制foreign-funded enterprises 外资企业large and medium-size enterprises 大中型企业local enterprises 地方企业modern enterprise system 现代企业制度money-lossing enterprises 亏损企业state-owned enterprises 国有企业township enterprises 乡镇企业Accountant 会计师Certified Public Accountant (CPA) 注册会计师chief accountant 总会计师cost accountant 成本会计certified management accountant (CMA) 注册管理会计师certified public accountant (CPA) 注册会计师Accounting 会计，会计学accounting classification 会计科目分类accounting cycle 会计周期accounting equation 会计方程式accounting firm 会计事务所accounting information 会计信息accounting principles for business enterprise 企业会计原则accounting statement 会计报表accounting system 会计系统accounting year 会计年度accrual basis accounting 权责发生制会计方法记帐cash basis accounting 现金会计方法记帐All-purpose financial statement 通用财务报表American Institute of Certified Public Accountants 美国注册会计师协会（AICPA) certified copy 正式核准的副本certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表certified invoice 证实发票certified management accountant (CMA) 注册管理会计师certified public accountant (CPA) 注册会计师annual accounting 年度决算annual audit 年度审计annual balance sheet 年终决算表annual budget 年度预算annual financial report 年度财务报告annual summary 年度汇总表summary balance sheet 资产负债汇总表Audit 审计annual audit 年度审计audit certificate 审计证书Audit Law 审计法audit of financial statement 财务报表审计external audit 外部审计legally required audit 法定审计Auditing firm 审计公司Auditor 审计师Account 帐户，会计科目accounting classification 会计科目分类account balance 帐户余额account payable 应付帐款account receivable 应收帐款accumulation account 累积帐户assets account 资产帐户bank account 银行帐户capital account 资本帐户cash account 现金帐户checking account 支票帐户clearing account 清算帐户，结算帐户commission account 佣金帐户cost account 成本帐户deposit account 存款帐户doubtful account 可疑帐户equity account 股本帐户expenses account 开支帐户foreign currency account 外汇帐户frozen account 冻结帐户group account 集团帐户inventory account 存货帐户investment account 投资帐户journal account 日记帐ledger account 分类帐帐户liability account 负债帐户overdrawn account 透支帐户property account 财产帐户savings account 储蓄帐户accrued expenses payable 应计未付费用accrued income 应计收入accrued interest on bonds 应计债券利息accrued interest on investment 应计投资利息accured interest patable 应计未付利息accrued liability 应计负债accrued profit 应计利润accrued taxes 应计税款accumulated amount 累计额accumulated earnings 累计收益accumulated funds 公积金accumulated net income 累计净收益accumulated profit 累计利润accumulating capital 累计资本accumulating losses 累计损失Acid ratio 流动比率actual assets 实际资产actual cash value 实际现金价值actual capital 实际资本actual cost 实际成本actual depreciation 实际折旧actual value 实际价值Adjusted 调整后的adjusted acquisition cost 调整后购置成本adjusted base 调整后基数adjusted book balance 调整后的帐面余额adjusted gross income 调整后的净收入adjusted net profit 调整后的净利润Adjustment 调整adjustment account 调整帐户Advance 预付advance account 预付帐户advance charge 预付费用advance payment 预先付款advance received 暂收款Allocated cost 已分摊成本Allocated cost of fixed assts 固定资产折旧Allocation 分配，分摊allocation of market 市场分配allocation of purchase price 购置价格分摊（指成套设备）allocation of quota 配额分配allocation of resources 资源分配allocation of shares 股金分配allocation optimum 最优配置allocations to accounting periods 会计期间内的分摊Allotment 拨款Amendment 修改amendment of register 变更登记American Society of Appraisers (ASA) 美国评估师协会Amortization 摊销，摊还amortization fund 偿债基金amortization of bond issued expense 债券发行费摊销amortization of fixed asset 固定资产摊销amortization of loan 分期偿还贷款amortization schedule 摊销表Amount 数量，总额，合计amount guaranteed 担保额amount of investment 投资额amount of sales 销售额financial statement analysis 财务报表分析analysis of assets changes 资产变动分析analysis of balance sheet 资产负债表分析balance sheet evaluation 资产负债表评价analysis of business profit 企业利润分析analysis of capital changes 资本变动分析analysis of changes in financial position 财务状况变动分析balance sheet 资产负债表balance sheet audit 资产负债表审计balance sheet classification 资产负债表分类certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表analysis of variance 方差分析gross profit analysis 毛利分析investment analysis 投资分析market analysis 市场分析macro analysis 微观分析qualitative analysis 定性分析quantitative analysis 定量分析ratio analysis 比率分析return analysis 回报分析sales analysis 销售分析Analytical model 分析模型bad account 坏帐，呆帐bad debt loss 坏帐损失bad debt recovey 呆坏帐收回bad title 失效产权Balance 余额，结余，差额，平衡adverse balance 收支逆差balance budget 平衡预算balance of international trade 国际贸易差额balance of payment 国际收支closing balance 期末差额credit balance 贷方余额foreign currency balance 外汇余额keep balance 保持平衡loss balance 失去平衡negative balance 逆差retained balance from foreign exchange revenue 外汇收入留成余额book depreciation 帐面折旧book-entry securities 记帐证券book inventory 帐面库存book of account 帐簿book profit 帐面利润book value per share 每股帐面价值Cash 现金cash account 现金帐户cash assets 现金资本cash audit 现金审计cash balance 现金余额cash equivalent 视同库存现金cash flow analysis 现金流量分析cash in bank 银行现金cash in hold 库存现金cash payment 现金支付cash purchase 现金购买cash transaction 现金交易free cash flows 活动现金流Certified 注册的，合格的certified appraiser 注册评估师certified copy 正式核准的副本certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表certified invoice 证实发票certified mortgage 证实抵押finance charges 财务费用Classification 分类，科目classification item 分类项目classification of accounts 帐户分类classification of assets 资产分类classification of property 财产分类classification schemes 分类表Classified 分成类的classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表classified depreciation 分类折旧coding of account 帐户代码coding of assets 资产代码Closing 结算，结帐，收盘closing account 结帐，结算closing cost 成交价closing inventory 期末存货Consolidated 合并的，综合的consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表consolidated financial statement 合并决算表consolidated income statement 合并损益表，综合损益表consolidated profit and loss statement 汇总损益表consolidated retained earning 合并留存收益consolidated statement 汇总报表Cost 成本，费用acquisition cost 购置成本actual cost 实际成本anticipated cost method 预期成本法average cost 平均成本borrowing- cost 借债成本carrying cost 维持成本cost account 成本帐户cost accounting 成本会计cost allocation 成本分摊cost analysis 成本分析cost and benefit analysis 成本收益分析cost approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的成本法cost control 成本控制cost distribution 成本分摊cost free 免费cost method 成本法cost objective 成本目标cost of capital 资金成本cost of investment 投资成本cost of management 管理费cost of marketing 营销成本cost of replacement 重置成本法cost of reproduction less depreciation 重置成本减折旧cost of sales 销售成本cost-benefit analysis 成本收益分析cost-effectiveness 成本效益cost-of-living index 生活费指数cost plus 成本加价indirect cost 间接成本marginal cost 边际成本material cost 材料成本opportunity cost 机会成本ordering cost 订货成本sunk costs 沉没成本variable costs 变动成本current assets 流动资产current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表current account deposits 活期帐户存款current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失current debt ratio 流动负债比率current fund employed per 100 Yuan of sales revenue 每百元销售收入占用流动资金current fund employment rate 流动资金占有率current fund loan 流动资金借款current fund turnover days 流动资金周转天数current intangibles 无形流动资产current liability 流动负债current maturity of long term debt 本年内到期的长期负债current-noncurrent method 对国外业务按现行汇率折合算法current ratio 流动比率current surplus 本期盈余current tangible assets 有形流动资产current term net loss 本期净损失current term net profit or loss 本期净损益current assets 流动资产current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表current account deposits 活期帐户存款current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失current debt ratio 流动负债比率current fund employed per 100 Yuan of sales revenue 每百元销售收入占用流动资金current fund employment rate 流动资金占有率current fund loan 流动资金借款current fund turnover days 流动资金周转天数current intangibles 无形流动资产current liability 流动负债current maturity of long term debt 本年内到期的长期负债current-noncurrent method 对国外业务按现行汇率折合算法current ratio 流动比率current surplus 本期盈余current tangible assets 有形流动资产current term net loss 本期净损失current term net profit or loss 本期净损益Earning 收益，收入，工资accumulated earnings 积累收益annual earnings 年收益。
