人教版英语八年级英语上册语法填空
一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Helen is in Grade Eight. She smiles at everyone and she's always glad to help others. But do you know she had a sad story?
Helen's parents died in ________fire when she was nine years old. After that, her aunt and uncle adopted（收养）her. They sent her to a new school. In that school, Helen________（know）nothing about her new classmates. She didn't talk too much and she was________（shy）and quieter than most kids. That made________difficult for her to make friends, so she had few friends at school. Her aunt and uncle worried about her.________（lucky）, Helen met a funny girl named Sandy. After making friends________Sandy, Helen became more outgoing________before. Sandy usually tells jokes to make her laugh and Helen often helps Sandy with her studies. Now they are good friends.
Helen is really hard-working and she always________（get） A's in her subjects. Sandy says, "Helen studies very hard. She often helps me with my homework. Now I'm getting better________（grade） with her help________she is different from me, I like her very much.【答案】 a；knew；shyer；it；Luckily；with；than；gets；grades；Though/ Although
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述海伦九岁时父母死于火灾。在那之后，她叔叔婶婶收养了她。他们送她去了一所新学校。在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。这使她很难交到朋友，所以她在学校很少有朋友。她叔叔婶婶很担心她。幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。桑迪经常讲笑话逗她笑，海伦经常帮助桑迪学习。现在他们是好朋友了。海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了A。桑迪说：“海伦学习很努力。她经常帮我做作业。现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。虽然她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。
（1）考查不定冠词。句意：海伦九岁时父母死于一场火灾。fire火灾，可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a，故答案为：a。
（2）考查一般过去时。句意：在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。know知道，动词。本段都是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。know的过去式knew，故答案为：knew。
（3）考查形容词。句意：她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。空格后有... and quieter than，可知有and连接并列形容词比较级。形容词shy的比较级shyer，故答案为：shyer。
（4）考查代词。句意：这使她很难交到朋友。make使，让，使役动词，此处结构为make+宾语+宾补（形容词）。固定结构。此处是不定式短语作真正宾语，要放在句末，用it作形式宾语，故答案为：it。
（5）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。由逗号与句子隔开，修饰整个句子作状语。形容词lucky的副词为luckily。故答案为：Luckily。
（6）考查介词。句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，固定短语。故答案为：with。
（7）考查连词。句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。根据more outgoing和before，可知那时与以前相比，要用比较级+than句型，故答案为：than。（8）考查一般现在时。句意：海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了A。always总是，频率副词，常与一般现在时连用。主语she，第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数gets。故答案为：gets。
（9）考查名词复数。句意：现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。grade，成绩，可数名词。空格前有形容词better，后接名词。空格前没有不定冠词，要用复数grades表示一类事物。故答案为：grades。
（10）考查连词。句意：虽尽管她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。根据前后句意思，可知前后句是让步关系，要用从属连词though/although。故答案为：Though/ Although。
【点评】考查语法填空。考点涉及名词，副词、代词、连词、介词、冠词以及形容词的等考查，要求考生在理解信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的答案。
2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
Summer was coming and it was getting hotter. Mrs, King got ________early one morning and went to the market after she ________ （have） breakfast. She knew that everything was cheap there before eight o'clock. She wanted to buy many ________ （vegetable）for her family. Suddenly she saw there were a ________ of people around a farmer. She hurried there and found that he was selling some beef.
"How ________ does it cost? "a woman asked.
"Two dollars a kilo."
"Oh, how cheap it is!"Mrs. King said to herself. "John ________ （like） beef very much. I'd better buy some here,"
When she got ________ with five kilos of beef, her son was happy but her husband got angry. "What a silly woman!" said Mr. King.↑"How shall we keep it fres h in such hot weather?"
"Your aunt is very rich," said Mrs. King. "Why not go and borrow some money________ her? Then we'll be able to buy a fridge."
Mr. King agreed and they began to teach their five year-old son what ________（say） when they were at his aunt's house.
"John," Mr. King said, "how can we keep the beef fresh?"
"That's easy," the boy said________ （happy）. "By eating it!"
【答案】up；had；vegetables；group/ lot/ number；much；likes；home；from；to say；happily
【解析】【分析】主要讲了金夫人吃过早饭去市场买蔬菜，发现一个农民正在卖便宜牛肉，于是买了一些，金先生想从姑姑那接钱买冰箱来保存牛肉，John说可以通过吃了牛肉来保存。
（1）句意：一天早上金夫人起得早。get op起床，固定搭配，故填up。
（2）句意：在她吃了早饭后金夫人去了市场。时态是一般过去时，所以have用had，故填had。
（3）句意：她想为她的家人买许多蔬菜。vegetable蔬菜，可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，所以用复数vegetables。
（4）句意：突然，她看见在一个农民附近有一群/许多人。a group of一群......，a lot/number of许多......，固定搭配，故填group/ lot/ number。
（5）句意：它多少钱？提问价格用how much，故填much。
（6）句意：John非常喜欢牛肉。时态是一般现在时，主语是单数John，所以buy用单三式buys，故填buys。
（7）句意：当她带着5千克牛肉回家时，她的儿子是高兴的，但是她的丈夫是生气的。get home到家，固定搭配，故填home。
（8）句意：为什么不去从她那借一些钱呢？borrow...from从……借……，固定搭配，故填from。
（9）句意：金先生同意了，他们开始教他们5岁的儿子当在姑姑家时说什么。特殊疑问词+to do不定式，固定搭配，故填to say。
（10）句意：男孩高兴地说。副词修饰实义动词，said是实义动词，所以用形容词happy 的副词happily，高兴地，故填happily。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
My family makes the best chicken salad. Dad prepares all of the ingredients and Mom makes the relish. There ________ a few things that make this chicken salad different from other chicken ________ （salad）. First, we use fruit jam（果酱） in the relish, You can buy any fruit jam, like banana jam or orange jam But we have ________ （bottle） of strawberry jam that my mother made, so we use the strawberry jam.________ （two）, we put some green olives （橄榄）. Green olives give the salad an________ （interest） taste and make a big difference. Now let me tell you how ________ （make） the salad.
First, mix ________ all of the salad ingredients in a large bowl. The ingredients are ________ （chicken）, tomatoes, green olives, onions and apples. ________ you like lettuce, you can also put some. Next, make the relish. Please mix the jam, the juice and the salt. Finally, mix the relish with the salad ingredients.
Do you have a favorite chicken salad recipe? Please tell ________ about it, You can write to greensalad@https://www.doczj.com/doc/257027267.html,.
【答案】 are；salads；bottles；Second；interesting；to make；up；chicken；If；us
【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样制作鸡肉沙拉。
（1）句意：有一些东西使这种鸡肉沙拉不同于其他鸡肉沙拉。there be表示有……，主语things是复数，时态是一般现在时，所以be用are；other修饰可数名词复数，salad的复
数是salads，故填are，salads。
（2）句意：但我们有我妈妈做的草莓酱。bottle瓶，可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数bottles，故填bottles。
（3）句意：第二，我们放一些绿色的橄榄。two的序数词是second，故填Second。（4）句意：绿色橄榄给沙拉一种有趣的味道，产生重大影响。形容词修饰名词，taste味道，名词，指的是物，所以用以ing结尾的形容词，名词interest的形容词是interesting有趣的，故填interesting。
（5）句意：现在让我告诉你怎样制作沙拉。how to do sth.，怎样做某事，固定搭配，故填to make。
（6）句意：首先，在一个大碗里混合所有的沙拉材料。mix up，混合，固定搭配，故填up。
（7）句意：材料是鸡肉、西红柿、绿色橄榄、洋葱和苹果。chicken鸡肉，不可数名词，故填chicken。
（8）句意：如果你喜欢莴苣，你也可以放一些。放莴苣的条件是喜欢莴苣，所以用if，表示条件，故填If。
（9）句意：关于它请告诉我们。tell sb. about sth.，告诉某人关于某事，sb.用宾格，告诉我们，所以用宾格us，我们，故填us。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
Our clothes will become small when we are older. We won't use________（some） books or toys anymore. What will you do ________ these old things? Don't worry! Here's a good way. Online. ________ （shop）will help you. Online shopping is becoming more________ more popular now.
We can bid竟价） for the different goods（商品;货物） online, such as ________ （book）, dolls, clothing and used cars. We can spend less money________better goods. We can________ sell the things well through the Internet. ________are many world online market places on the Internet. If we want________ （buy） or sell something online, we must become the member of one of________（they） first.
Let's buy and sell things online. Let's have a great time online.
【答案】 any；with；shopping；and；books；on；also；There；to buy；them
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍网购的优点——可以用更少的钱买更好的东西，以及网购的必备条件——成为他们的会员。
（1）句意：我们还有一些再也不用的书和玩具。some，一些，不定代词；在否定句中要用any，故填any。
（2）句意：你要怎么处理这些旧东西？固定短语do with，处理，处置，故填with。（3）句意：网上购物对你有帮助。shop，购物，动词。分析句式结构可知此句需要一个
主语，要用动名词形式，故填shopping。
（4）句意：现在网上购物越来越流行了。popular，流行的，形容词，其比较级是more popular。比较级用and来连接表示越来越……，故填and。
（5）句意：我们可以在网上竞购不同的商品，如书籍、洋娃娃、服装和二手车。book，书籍，可数名词，常用复数形式表示，故填books。
（6）句意：我们可以花更少的钱买更好的商品。固定短语sb spend some money on sth，某人花费金钱买某物，故填on。
（7）句意：我们也可以通过网络把东西卖的很好。根据上文语句We can spend less money on better goods. 提示可知，不仅在网上买东西，也可以卖东西，故填also。
（8）句意：在网上有许多网店。考查there be结构，表示某处有某物，故填There。（9）句意：如果我们想在网上买东西或卖东西，我们必须先成为其中的一员。buy，购买，动词。固定短语want to do sth，故填to buy。they，他们，人称代词主格；of是介词，其后跟人称代词要用宾格形式，故填them。
【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
5．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
The friendship between humans and dogs probably began 14, 000 years ago. Here is ________ example of a dog's life in the human world today.
Jessie is Nancy's pet dog. She is just ________a member of Nancy's family. Nancy looks after her very________（care）. Jessie can always find ________ delicious in her bowl when she is hungry. Every day, Nancy ________（prepare） meat, chicken and different kinds of vegetables for her. Jessie also has yogurt and two ________（spoon） of honey after dinner. After that, they go out for a walk. Nancy's husband is a famous doctor and________（they） only son is away in Beijing,________she has enough time and money to look after Jessi, and she really enjoys ________ （do） it. "I want to give her the healthiest and ________（wonderful） life as long as possible!" she says.
【答案】an；like；carefully；something；prepares；spoons；their；so；doing；（the）most wonderful
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一只狗的生活起居。
（1）句意：这儿是一个今天在人类社会里一只狗的生活。根据下文提到一只狗的生活，可知空缺处的意义为一只，填入an，故答案an。
（2）句意：它就像南希家庭的一员。根据根据后文提到南希对它有多好，可知它被当成一家人，故填入like，短语，be like，像，故答案为like。
（3）句意：南希很细心的照顾它。根据空缺处修饰look after，可知应该填入副词形式，故答案为carefully。
（4）句意：当她很饿的时候，她总是可以在碗里找到美味的食物。根据空缺处的意义可知，为一些东西，填入something，故答案为something。
（5）句意：每天，南希喂他准备肉，鸡肉，和各种不同种类的蔬菜。根据 Every day ，可知用一般现在时，主语是Nancy，第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单三式，故答案为prepares。
（6）句意：吃饭后，Jessie有牛奶和2勺蜂蜜喝。根据空缺处前面有two，可知用复数，填入spoons，故答案为spoons。
（7）句意：他们唯一的儿子在北京。根据空缺处修饰som，可知填入形物代，填入their，故答案为their。
（8）句意：因此她有足够的时间和金钱照顾Jessi。根据该句和前面的句子构成因果关系，可知空缺处填入so，故答案为so。
（9）句意：她真的很喜欢做这件事。根据短语enjoy doing sth，喜欢做某事，故答案为doing。
（10）句意：我想给她最健康和最好的生活。根据空缺处前面用了最高级，可知这里用最高级，填入the most wonderful，故答案为the most wonderful。
【点评】本文考查了语法填空，做此类题时，注意熟记相关语法点和短语，结合上下文，选出正确的选项，给出单词正确的形式。
6．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式（最多限填三个单词）填空。
Talent shows are getting more and more popular. Now there are many ________ （kind） of talent shows in China. Many people make their ________ （dream） come true by joining them. ________ example, Li Xiaojiao, ________ English teacher from Chongqing, joined Chinese Dream Show. She is ________ （talent） in music. She sings ________ （well） than any other teacher in her school and is good at ________（sing）English songs . She is also outgoing. Her show made a lot of people like her. At last, she got the ________（one） prize . At the same time, this show also changed ________（she）life. She is successful not only because she's got great talent, but also she works hard. I believe everyone can be successful as ________as you work hard.
【答案】kinds；dreams；For；an；talented；better；singing；first；her；long
【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了中国的才艺节目。
（1）句意：现在在中国有很多种才艺节目。形容词many后接可数名词复数。故答案为
kinds。
（2）句意：很多人通过参加节目实现了自己的梦想。根据主语many people可知，应用复数。故答案为dreams。
（3）句意：例如。固定短语for example表例如。故答案为for。
（4）句意：李晓娇，一个来自重庆的英语老师。teacher为单数且为第一次出现，前面需要不定冠词；English为元音音素开头。故答案为an。
（5）句意：她在音乐上有天赋。固定搭配be talented in sth.在某事上有天赋。故答案为talented。
（6）句意：她在学校里比任何老师都唱得好。根据比较连词than可知，此处应用副词well的比较级better。故答案为better。
（7）句意：她擅长唱英文歌。固定搭配be good at doing sth.擅长做某事。故答案为singing。
（8）句意：最后，她得了一等奖。定冠词the后接序数词，one的序数词是first，第一。故答案为first。
（9）句意：同时，这个节目也改变了她的生活。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，she的形容词性物主代词为her。故答案为her。
（10）句意：只要你努力，我相信每个人都会成功。固定搭配as long as只要。故答案为long。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先跳过空格通读文章掌握文章大意，然后细读文章仔细斟酌答案，注意考虑句型、时态等因素，填写单词的正确形式。
7．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Should you help ________（they）when the old fall down on the street? At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, a bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping saw a man ________（lie）on the side of the road. A woman next to him was shouting（呼喊）for help. Wang Ping stopped the bus without ________（think）twice. He got off and asked the woman ________happened. She said that the man had a heart problem and should be sent to the hospital at once. Mr. Wang knew that he had to act ________ （quick）. He hoped most or all of the passengers（乘客）could get off and wait for the next bus. But to his surprise, they all agreed ________ （go） with him. Some passengers helped Mr. Wang move the man onto the bus.
Thanks ________ Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors ________ （save） the man in time. A passenger says, ―Many people don't want to help ________ （other）because they don't want to get into trouble. But the driver didn't think about ________ （he）. He only thought about saving a life.
【答案】them；lying；thinking；what；quickly；to go；to；saved；others；himself
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了一名公共汽车司机救了一名躺在路边有心脏病的人，他没有为自己着想，只想着救人，那个人及时被救了。
（1）句意：当老人在街上摔倒了你应该帮助他们吗？help是动词，后缺宾语，因此要用
they的宾格them，做宾语，故答案为them。
（2）句意：昨天上午九点，一名公共汽车司机，24岁的王平看见一个人躺在路边。人和躺是主动关系，再根据see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，lay-lying, 故答案为lying。（3）句意：王平没有多想就停下公共汽车。without是介词，后跟v-ing，故答案为thinking。
（4）句意：他下车问了问女人发生了什么事。happen前面缺主语，ask后面缺宾语，因此要用what，引导名词性从句，故答案为what。
（5）句意：王平知道他不得不快速地行动。修饰动词要用副词，故答案为quickly。
（6）句意：但是使他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。同意去做某事：agree to do sth. 故答案为to go。
（7）句意：多亏王平和乘客们。多亏：thanks to，故答案为to。
（8）句意：医生们及时地救了那个人。根据上下文的时态可知是一般过去时，故答案为saved。
（9）句意：很多人不想帮助别人因为他们不想卷入麻烦。别人：others，故答案为others。
（10）句意：但是司机没有思考他自己。句子的主语是the drive，他自己，反身代词，himself，故答案为himself。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先通读全文，然后根据语法知识，固定短语，以及上下文确定所缺词的词形，确保文章通顺、完整。
8．补全下面两篇短文
A）Last year we were sometimes________When we passed the ball and we________to the other team in the________ match. What a ________ This year, we are training more, carefully. B） You can go by car and by ship________ the North Sea. This is the most________way to travel but also the most expensive. Book your ticket before you book your ________ Remember that________ Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay________the city centre and travel in by bus or by________
【答案】careless；lost；final；pity；across；comfortable；hotel；parking；outside；train 【解析】【分析】第一篇短文讲述了我们的球队在比赛中失利了，要更努力的训练。第二篇短文介绍的是在旅行的时候需要注意的一些事情。
（1）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。careless粗心的，是一个形容词，在句中作表语。根据句意可知，因为粗心才会输掉比赛，因此后面才会说we are training more，要更努力的训练。故填careless。（2）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。lost是lose的过去式，输，根据句意可知，因为粗心所以输掉了比赛，这句话中的时间状语是last year，是过去的事情，故填过去式lost。
（3）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。final最后的，最终的，是形容词，final match是决赛的意思。故填final。
（4）句意：真遗憾。pity遗憾，是一个名词。What a pity是固定句型，表示对某事感到非常遗憾。故填pity。
（5）句意：你可以乘坐汽车去，然后乘坐轮船穿过北海。across穿过，是一个介词，指从物体的表面穿过，这句话的意思是坐船在海面上穿过，故填across。
（6）句意：这是旅行的最舒服的方式，但也是最贵的。comfortable舒服的，舒适的，是一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词way。the most comfortable是最高级形式。故填comfortable。
（7）句意：在你预定你的宾馆之前，你要先订票。hotel宾馆，是一个名词。根据文意可知，外出旅行的时候，你需要买票、、订宾馆，故应填hotel。
（8）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的。park停车，是一个动词，在这句话中是宾语从句中的主语，故用动名词形式，填parking。
（9）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的，所以停在市中心的外面，然后乘坐公交车或者火车去里面去旅行。outside在…外面，是一个介词。根据句意可知，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，所以这里是建议我们把车停在外围，故填outside。
（10）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的，所以停在市中心的外面，然后乘坐公交车或者火车去里面去旅行。train火车，是一种交通工具，这里by train是固定短语，乘坐火车。故填train。
【点评】此题考查短文填空。在做短文填空时，先跳过空格阅读短文了解其大意，然后根据句意和上下文联系，英语语法和固定搭配完成短文，。
二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
A primary school bus driver stopped the bus in a gas station in Ohio because he had to use the bathroom. Instead of turning off the engine（引擎）and taking the key with him, the driver left the bus running. And he forgot to set the parking brake（刹车）because he was in a hurry. "It was cold outside, and I didn't want the kids to get cold while I was using the bathroom, "he told the police officer.
The bus slowly started moving away from the gas station. As the bus picked up speed, the kids began shouting and crying. Ten—year—old Jake ran forward to the driver's seat and held the steering wheel（方向盘）. He pressed hard on the brake pedal（踏板）and managed to stop the bus as it came nearer to a river bed. Jake turned off the engine at last. After the police arrived at the scene, they praised Jake for his great effort.
"That is a cool kid, "said the police officer." I told him he would become a great police officer when he grew up."
Jake wasn't impressed with what he did. "Stopping the bus, "he said, "was easy compared to playing Grand Theft Auto Ⅲ, my favourite action video game. "The police took the bus driver to the police station. He was at first charged（指控）with" leaving a child alone while the motor is running". The lawyer said he hoped to upgrade the charge because of the number of children （twenty）on the bus.
"Whatever he is charged with, "the police officer said, "I believe that he never drives a bus
again."
（1）Why didn't the driver turn off the engine when he went to the bathroom?
A. He was in a hurry.
B. He forgot to do it.
C. He didn't want the kids to get cold.
D. He thought he would be back in a minute.
（2）What is the correct order?
a. The bus started moving.
b. Jake turned off the engine.
c. Jake held the steering wheel.
d. The kids began shouting and crying.
e. Take ran forward to the driver's seat.
f. Jake pressed hard on the brake pedal.
A. a—b—c—d—e—f
B. a—d—e—c—f—b
C. d—a—c—e—f—b
D. d—e—a—b—c—f （3）What can we know about Jake?
A. He could drive.
B. He was eleven years old.
C. He wanted to be a police officer.
D. He liked playing Grand Theft Auto Ⅲ.
（4）What does the underlined word "upgrade" mean in Chinese?
A. 改变
B. 取消
C. 加重
D. 减轻
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个校车司机，因为要去洗澡，怕孩子在车上挨冻，没有熄灭汽车，但是因为走的匆忙，忘了刹车。车自己向前开走了，在这危急关头一个叫杰克的男孩上去把住了方方向盘，踩住了刹车，车上的孩子得救了，司机因此受到了严重的惩罚，终生不能在开车。
（1）细节理解题，根据It was cold outside, and I didn't want the kids to get cold while I was using the bathroom可知，司机之所以没有熄火是因为怕车上的孩子挨冻，故答案是C。
（2）细节排序题，根据文章内容可知，事情的经过是这样的：1.汽车开始动a，2.孩子们还是哭喊d，3.杰克跑向司机的座位e，4.杰克抓住了方向盘c，5.杰克用力踩刹车f，6.杰克关闭了汽车引擎b，所以句子顺序为adecfb，故答案是B。
（3）逻辑推理题，根据"Stopping the bus, "he said, "was easy compared to playing Grand Theft Auto Ⅲ, my favourite action video game.可知杰克喜欢玩汽车大盗游戏三，故答案是D。
（4）词义猜测题，根据The lawyer said he hoped to upgrade the charge because of the number of children （twenty）on the bus."Whatever he is charged with, "the police
officer said, "I believe that he never drives a bus again."可知，划线单词的意思是加重，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题、细节排序题，逻辑推理题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；细节排序题则需要按照故事的发展情节将所给的句子排序。
10．阅读理解
The internet is an important part of our lives. What do you usually do on the Internet? Here are some useful websites for you.
NG Kids （https://www.doczj.com/doc/257027267.html,）
This website has articles about geography, science, history and news. It has an edition （版本）especially for kids. It has many amazing but true facts about animals, as well as funny stories about pets and people. Have fun and improve your English.
Teens Health （https://www.doczj.com/doc/257027267.html,/teen）
Changes are happening in your life, both in body and mind. Teens Health can help you. It has advice for dealing with stress, managing your feelings and taking care of your body.
Mtime （https://www.doczj.com/doc/257027267.html,）
It's difficult to choose which movie you want to watch, Mtime can help you. It can tell you about the directors and stars of films that you're interested in. The website also has ratings （等级）for every film. A film with a rating of 8or more is usually worth seeing.
（1）NG Kids has an edition especially for .
A. parents
B. children
C. teachers
D. doctors
（2）What can Teens Health help you do?
A. Learn English.
B. Look after pets at home.
C. Solve problems in life.
D. Choose a good film.
（3）Which website can help you choose a good movie?
A. Mtime.
B. NG Kids.
C. Teens Health.
D. News Room.（4）We can learn from the passage that .
A. kids can get some facts about animals from Teens Health.
B. NG Kids can help children learn English well.
C. Mtime is only for mothers.
D. the internet is not important for our lives.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了三个有用的网址。
（1）细节题。根据It has an edition（版本） especially for kids，有—个特殊版本，是给孩子的，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据It has advice for dealing with stress，managing your feelings and taking care of your body是帮忙照顾身体，缓解压力，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据It's difficult to choose which movie you want to watch, Mtime can help you，可知Mtime可以帮助人们选择电影，故选A。
（4）细节题。在NG—栏中提到Have fun and improve your English可以帮助提高英语，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
11．阅读理解
Here are some English study skills for students.
★Listening
Listening is a great way to improve your pronunciation（31）and intonation（语调）. You can start by listening to short stories for children because they are usually easy.
★Reading
Reading is a good way to help you learn new words. And it will also help you learn English grammar. Children's books are great for beginners.
★Vocabulary
When you come across new words in the reading, write them in your notebook. You can write down the meaning of the words to help you understand.
★Grammar
Children's books are great to learn grammar. You can know how people use the basic grammar.★Speaking
When doing your reading exercises, read them aloud. You can also look for some articles on the Internet to read.
Learning any language needs lots of practice. You don't have to spend hours studying each day. Just thirty minutes a day for four or five days a week will help you improve your English skills.（1）How can students improve pronunciation?
A. By listening.
B. By watching.
C. By writing.
D. By learning grammar.（2）How do students learn new words according to the passage?
A. By remembering the words in the dictionary.
B. By writing down the new words they meet.
C. By looking for new words on the Internet.
D. By reading the new words many times a day.
（3）How much time should students spend studying English according to the passage?
A. Two hours a day.
B. Two hours every week.
C. Thirty minutes a day, and four or five days a week.
D. Ten minutes a day, and twice a week.
（4）This passage is written for _______.
A. English learners
B. Chinese learners
C. English people
D. Chinese teachers
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述学习英语的一些技巧。
（1）细节题。根据Listening is a great way to improve your pronunciation（31）and intonation（语调）.可知，学生可以通过听力提高发音，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据When you come across new words in the reading, write them in your notebook.可知，写下他们见到的生词来学习生词，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据Just thirty minutes a day for four or five days a week will help you improve your English skills.可知，每天花30分钟，一周4到5天练习英语，故选C。
（4）推断题。本文主要介绍学习英语的一些技巧，针对的对象应该是学生，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
12．阅读理解
American schools usually begin in September after a two—month holiday. There are two terms in a school year. The first term is from September to January and the second is from February to June.
Most American children begin to go to school when they are five years old. Most students are seventeen years old when they finish high school.
High school students take only four or five subjects each term. They usually go to the same classes every day and they have homework every day. After class, they do many interesting things. After high school many students go to college（大学）. They can go to a small one or a large one. They usually have to spend a lot of money. So many college students work after class to get the money for their studies.
（1）In America, summer holidays begin in _______.
A. September
B. July
C. Mary
D. February
（2）Most American children go to school at the age of _______.
A. five
B. seven
C. eighteen
D. seventeen
（3）High school students _______after class.
A. do their homework
B. go to work
C. do many interesting things
D. play basketball （4）To _______ many American college students work after class.
A. help their parents
B. get the money for their studies
C. help others
D. learn some useful things
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国从小学到大学的教育。
（1）细节题。根据American schools usually begin in September after a two—month holiday.可知美国学校上课在两个月后的九月开始，即暑假在7月开始，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据Most American children begin to go to school when they are five years old.大部分美国孩子5岁去上学，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据After class, they do many interesting things.可知中学生课后做许多有趣的事情，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据So many college students work after class to get the money for their studies.可知许多大学生在课后工作为学业得到许多钱，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
13．阅读理解
Women are just as good at engineering as men are. If you don't think so, come to the program －Introducing a Girl to Engineering Day.
Some successful women engineers invited middle school girls in South Carolina, US to take part in the program every year in May. On the program, they talk to the girls and give them fun activities to try out. These help them learn about the fun side of engineering.
This year, the girls learns to make paper boats, and they used their breath（呼吸）to make the boats move.
Laura Kate, an eighth-grader told the Aiken Standard newspaper that she was not sure to take up engineering as her job yet, but she found the program was "a lot of fun".
In many countries the number of women engineers is small. The main reason is that women lose interest in engineering at a young age. "We want to let the girls know there is a choice for them," said Monica Philips, one of the engineers.
（1）How often do people hold the program?
A. Once a week.
B. Once a month.
C. Once a year.
D. Only this year.（2）What did they learn this year on the program?
A. How to go boating.
B. How to make paper boats then make them move.
C. What to do with paper.
D. How to get interested in boats.
（3）Why don't many women choose to be engineers?
A. Because they didn't find engineering fun when they were young.
B. Because they don't know women can be engineers.
C. Because it is a hard job and it is not good for women.
D. Because they are not interested in engineering by the time they have grown up.
（4）Which's the best title for the passage?
A. How to be a scientist.
B. Leading the way for women.
C. Leading the way for men.
D. How to be an engineer.
【答案】（1）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个节目介绍女士学习工程师。
（1）细节题。根据Some successful women engineers invited middle school girls in South Carolina, US to take part in the program every year in May.可知是每年5月举行节目，即一年一次，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据This year, the girls learns to make paper boats, and they used their breath （呼吸）to make the boats move.可知今年女孩们学习制作纸船，并且用呼吸让船移动，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据The main reason is that women lose interest in engineering at a young age.可知主要原因是对工程不感兴趣，故选A。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了一个节目介绍女士学习工程师。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
14．阅读理解
Having good manners（礼节）is an important part of life. You know that you should never shout in public（公共场合）. But what about when it comes to the online world? When you use social media apps（社交媒体应用）, like WeChat and Sina Weibo, you must also remember to mind your manners.
For example, sometimes I need to add a new friend on WeChat. But I haven't met him or her yet in real life. So when I send them a friend request（请求）, I tell them clearly who I am and how I got their contact info（联系方式）.
Just like in real life, the key to keeping good manners online is to be thoughtful. But sometimes, people forget this.
One of my friends likes to send really long voice messages on WeChat. It is difficult to keep up with all his messages and remember everything. I think this is a bit bad!
There are many other things that you shouldn't do on social media. Take a look and remember to do your best to be polite.
Don't share your friends' WeChat contact info with people you don't know. Ask your friend first before sharing.
Don't add someone new to your group chat without asking the other members. They might not want new people to join the group.
If you use English, don't use all caps. IF YOU WRITE LIKE THIS, IT LOOKS LIKE YOU'RE SCREAMING. DON'T DO IT.
（1）From Paragraph 1, we can learn that .
A. shouting in public is bad
B. shouting online is good
C. WeChat is more popular than Sina Weibo
D. internet users don't have manners
（2）When adding a new friend on WeChat, we should .
A. ask for a face-to-face meeting
B. ask for the person's real name
C. say clearly how we got their contact info
D. send them a real letter later
（3）What example does the writer use to show bad manners?
A. Sending a lot of pictures.
B. Telling others' information.
C. Remembering others' messages.
D. Sending long voice messages.
（4）What does the story mainly talk about?
A. Having good manners in public.
B. Having good manners online.
C. Some popular social media apps.
D. How to send a short message.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了在网络世界里怎样做得有礼貌。
（1）细节题。根据you should never shout in public.可知当众大叫是不好的。故选A。
（2）细节题。根据I tell them clearly who I am and how I got their contact info.可知在微信上添加新朋友时，应告诉他你怎样得到他的联系方式。故选C。
（3）细节题。根据One of my friends likes to send really long voice messages on WeChat. I think it's bad.可知在微信上发送长的语音信息是不好的，是没有礼貌的。故选D。
（4）主旨题。通过文章，作者首先提出在社交媒体上也要注意有礼貌，然后用大量的篇幅介绍了在使用微信时怎样做有礼貌，不应该怎样做。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型，细节题要注意从文中找答案；主旨题是通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
15．阅读理解
When I was 13 years old, a boy gave me an important gift. It was a smile.
It was the early autumn of my first year at a high school, and my old school was far away. As a result, no one knew who I was. I was very lonely, and afraid to make friends with anyone.
Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break. I couldn't talk to anyone about my problem, and I didn't want my parents to worry about me.
Then one day, my classmates talked happily with their friends, but I sat at my desk unhappily as usual. At that moment, a boy came into the classroom. I didn't know who he was. He passed me and then turned back. He looked at me, without a word, only a smile.
Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me feel happy, lively and warm.
That smile changed my life. I started to talk with other students and make friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile becomes my best friend now. One day I asked him why he smiled, but he couldn't remember smiling at me!
It doesn't matter because all the dark days have gone. I believe that the world is what you think it is. If you think you are unhappy, you might truly unhappy. So smile at the world and it will smile back.
（1）What was the writer's problem?
A. Her old school was far away.
B. She had no friends at a new school.
C. Her parents worried too much about her.
D. Her heart was broken.
（2）How did the smile change her life?
A. She started to make friends.
B. She became the best friend with the boy.
C. Her parents don't worry about her any more.
D. She began to smile at people.
（3）Where does the writer think her feeling of unhappiness come from?
A. From her old school.
B. From her parents.
C. From her new classmates.
D. From herself.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍了一个微笑改变人生的故事。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 I was very lonely, and afraid to make friends with anyone. 我很孤独，害怕和任何人做朋友，可知作者在新学校没有朋友。故选B。
（
2）细节理解题。根据第六段 I started to talk with other students and make friends. 可知，作者因为那个微笑开始和别人说话以及交朋友。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段 If you think you are unhappy, you might truly unhappy. 如果你认为自己不开心，你可能真的不开心，可知作者认为她的不开心来源于她自己。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
16．阅读理解
Many people go on winter vacations to get away from the cold weather or the city life. But how do you pick a winter vacation destination（目的地） for your family?
⒈Budget: Know how much you want to spend on your vacation, Then you can know how far you can travel and what kind of activities you can enjoy.
⒉Family Likes & Dislikes: You don't want to visit the sea if your family are afraid of water, so you need to know what their likes and dislikes are.
⒊Activities: Know about activities around the vacation destination. For example, if you want to
go swimming, can you? If you want to go to parks, are they open?
⒋Accommodations（住宿）: Hotels are expensive. Look for vacation home rentals （出租的房屋）. You can get so much more that you would never get at a hotel. You can also cook by yourselves to save money from eating out.
（1）Many people go on winter vacations to get away from _____________.
A. family dinners
B. their work
C. the cold weather
D. the countryside life （2）What does the underlined word "budget" mean in Chinese?
A. 财政
B. 商业
C. 收入
D. 预算（3）You don't need to think about ____________ according to the passage.
A. what food you can eat
B. what activities you can do
C. what your family like
D. how much you have to spend
（4）Which is the best title for the passage?
A. How to Rent （租） a Vacation Home.
B. Why People Like Going on Winter Vacations.
C. How to Pick a Winter Vacation Destination.
D. What You Can Do During the Winter Vacation.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍许多人为了远离寒冷的天气或城市生活，为家人选择合适的目的地度过寒假提出一些建议。
（1）细节理解题。根据Many people go on winter vacations to get away from the cold weather or the city life.可知许多人去度寒假以躲避寒冷的天气。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Know how much you want to spend on your vacation, 可知知道你想在假期里花多少钱，可以推知budge的意思为预算，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章中需要考虑问题有：⒈Budget:；2.Family Likes & Dislikes；
3.Activities；
4.Accommodations（住宿）。结合选项，可知不需要考虑的是选项A:what food you can eat,故选A。
（4）标题判断题。根据第一段But how do you pick a winter vacation destination（目的地） for your family?最后句，可知文章大意是如何选择寒假目的地。选项C能够揭示文章大意，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。