2023年托福考试词汇练习及答案

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2023年托福考试复习题集及参考答案在准备2023年的托福考试时，一个有效且高效的复习材料是至关重要的。

本文将为您提供2023年托福考试的复习题集及参考答案，希望对您的备考能够有所帮助。

听力部分一、短对话理解1. A: Could you please pass me the salt?B: Sure, here you go.What does the woman want?A) A glass of water. B) The salt. C) A spoon. D) A napkin.Answer: B2. A: I always have a cup of coffee in the morning.B: Really? I prefer tea.What does the man prefer?A) Coffee. B) Tea. C) Water. D) Juice.Answer: B二、长对话理解Conversation 1M: I'm thinking of taking a vacation. Any suggestions?W: Well, have you considered going to the Caribbean? The beaches there are amazing.What does the woman suggest?A) Taking a vacation. B) Going to the Caribbean. C) Going to the mountains. D) Visiting the museum.Answer: BConversation 2M: Excuse me, where is the nearest post office?W: It's just around the corner. Go straight and turn left at the traffic lights.What does the woman tell the man?A) How to get to the post office. B) Where the traffic lights are. C) How to cross the road. D) Where the man should go next.Answer: A阅读部分一、单项选择1. The Great Wall of China is one of _______ greatest wonders of the world.A) a B) an C) the D) /Answer: C2. _______ he practiced speaking English every day, he made great progress.A) Unless B) Although C) Since D) IfAnswer: B二、填空题Global warming is a(n) _______ issue that requires immediate attention from governments around the world. Without effective measures, the consequences could be _______.听力部分答案（仅列举部分）：1. B2. B阅读部分答案（仅列举部分）：1. C2. B写作部分请根据下面的提示，续写一篇文章，内容要求准确、连贯，符合托福考试写作要求。

2023年托福考试词汇练习及答案2023年托福考试词汇练习及答案1. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.The word “outstanding” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) extensive 广阔的规模大的(B) surprising(C) vertical垂直的'(D) excellent2. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzamden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.The word “site” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) exle(B) location(C) development(D) characteristic3. The quality of preservation is almostu____atched, and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.The phrase “account for ” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) record(B) describe(C) equal(D) explainThe words “a supremacy” in line 9 are closest in meaning to(A) a suggestion(B) an improvement(C) a dominance控制力(D) a development5. A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nieenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of 无数的myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brilliance.The word “myriad” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) noticeable(B) many(C) loud(D) unusual6. Each one was virtually a stone town, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos, the Spanish word for towns. These pueblos represent one of the Anasazis' supreme achievements. At least a dozenlarge stone houses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico.The word “supreme” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) most mon(B) most outstanding(C) most expensive(D) most convenient7. They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders met to plan festivals, perform ritual dances, settle pueblo affairs, and impart tribal lore to the younger generation.The word “settle” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) sink(B) decide(C) clarify(D) locate(A) arriving at(B) carving(C) connecting(D) climbing9. Within a very short time, however, the incongruity of playing lively music to a 严肃的solemn film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in matching their pieces to the mood of the film.The word “solemn” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) simple(B) serious(C) short(D) silent10. Certain films had music especially posed for them. The most famous of these early special scores was that posed and arranged for D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation, which was released in 1915.The word “posed” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) selected(B) bined(C) played(D) createdThe word “scores” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) totals(B) successes(C) musical positions(D) groups of musicians11. The Earth 包括prises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate rocks that are semimolten at depth, and the thin,solid-surface crust.The word “prises” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) adapts to(B) benefits from(C) consists of(D) focuses on12. These plates move over the semimolten lower mantle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense极端的 deformation occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.The word “intense” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) surface(B) sudden(C) rare(D) extreme13. New oceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for exle, by volcanic eruptions of lava at midocean ridges.The word “margins” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) edges(B) peaks(C) interiors(D) distances14. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents, a rift is formed that will gradually widen and bee flooded by the sea. TheAtlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates move in opposite directions.The word “support” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) separate(B) create(C) reduce(D) hold15. Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being.The word “appreciation” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) ignorance(B) recognition(C) tolerance(D) forgiveness16. An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the pla's dominant, most-distinctive feature-the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues.The word “bias” is closest in meaning to whichof following?(A) concern(B) disadvantage(C) attitude(D) prejudice17. The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada.The word “prevailing” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) most frequent(B) occasional(C) gentle(D) most dangerous18. There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years when water accumulated in these basins. The rise and fall of the lakes were undoubtedly linked to the advances and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North American continent during those times.The word “accumulated” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) dried(B) flooded(C) collected(D) evaporated浓缩的脱水的19. All living creature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?The phrase “bizarre” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) odd奇怪的(B) marine(C) simple(D) rare20. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water bees too polluted.The phrase “casts off” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) grows again(B) grabs(C) gets rid of(D) uses as a weapon21. A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is 同性质的homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.The word “homogeneous” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) uniform正确答案(B) general(C) primitive(D) traditional22. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent inAnglo-America is the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor saving devices of the industrial age.The phrase “largely renounces” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) generally rejects放弃回绝(B) greatly modifies修改(C) loudly declares(D) often criticizes23. Secular institutions, of control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails.劝说流行占优势获胜 Because of these contrasts, “popular” may be viewed as clearly different from “folk”.The word “prevails” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) dominates统治(B) provides(C) develops(D) invests24. Conventional puter models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow puters to discern the subtle微妙的细微的 atmospheric changes that precede these storms.The word “subtle” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) plex(B) regular(C) imagined(D) slight25. munications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern puters can quickly pile and analyzing this large volume of weather information.The word “pile” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) put together(B) look up(C) pile堆 high(D) work over检查研究重做毒打26. Meteorologists and puter scientists now work together to design puter programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly.The word “raw” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) stormy(B) inaccurate(C) uncooked(D) unprocessed未经加工的原始的27. People in the United States in the nieenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos.The word “Prospect” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) regret(B) possibility(C) theory(D) circumstance28. Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and early nieenth century, the population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the nieenth centuries. As the population grew, its makeup also changed.The word “roughly” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) harshly 粗糙的(B) surprisingly(C) slowly(D) approximatelyThe word “magnify” is cl osest in meaning to which of following?(A) solve(B) explain(C) analyze(D) increase30.The word “distinctions” is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) differences(B) classes(C) acplishments(D) characteristics参考答案：1 D2 B3 D4 C5 B6 B7 C8 D9 B10 D C11 C12 D13 A14 D15 B16 D17 A18 C19 A20 C21 A22 A23 A24 D25 A26 D27 B28 D29 D A30 A。

2023年托福常考词汇本文档将汇总2023年托福考试中经常出现的词汇，以供备考参考。

1. Analyze [v.] - 分析、分解Analyze [v.] - 分析、分解- The students were asked to analyze the data and draw conclusions.2. Beneficial [adj.] - 有益的、有利的Beneficial [adj.] - 有益的、有利的- Regular exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health.3. Consequence [n.] - 结果、后果Consequence [n.] - 结果、后果- If you don't study for the test, the consequence will be a low grade.4. Diverse [adj.] - 多样的、不同的Diverse [adj.] - 多样的、不同的- The university campus is known for its diverse student population.5. Evaluate [v.] - 评估、评价Evaluate [v.] - 评估、评价- It is important to evaluate the effectiveness of the new educational program.6. Global [adj.] - 全球的、全球性的Global [adj.] - 全球的、全球性的- Climate change is a global issue that affects countries worldwide.7. Influence [n.] - 影响、作用Influence [n.] - 影响、作用- The media has a significant influence on public opinion.8. Opportunity [n.] - 机会、机遇Opportunity [n.] - 机会、机遇- Studying abroad provides students with valuable opportunities for personal growth.9. Significant [adj.] - 重要的、有意义的Significant [adj.] - 重要的、有意义的- The discovery of a new medicine was a significant breakthrough in the field of healthcare.10. Technology [n.] - 技术Technology [n.] - 技术- Advances in technology have transformed many industries.以上是一些2023年托福考试中常见的词汇。

2023年商业托福考试词汇精选练习题2023年商业托福考试词汇精选练习题1. My pany announced that the workers' ________ ,a regular payment, will increase 5 percent next year.A) salaryB) sacrificeC) sculptureD) scan2. Because I didn't have much time, I gave the menu a quick ________ and chose the chicken.A) salaryB) sacrificeC) sculptureD) scan3. Although she studied in art school, she didn't make enough efforts to study ________.A) salaryB) sacrificeC) sculptureD) scan4. I usually read the sports ________ of the newspaper.A) senseB) sectionC) servantD) separation5. The ________ of responsibility brought him back to the hospital even though he was afraid of being infected with the contagious disease.A) senseB) sectionC) servantD) separation6. The ________ from his parents since his childhood is the main cause of his psychological problems.A) senseB) sectionC) servantD) separation7. A ________ is a person who is paid to work in somebody's house, doing work such as cooking, cleaning, etc..A) senseB) sectionC) servantD) separation8.In most restaurants, there is 10 ________ charge included in the bill.A) shelterB) serviceC) silenceD) signal9. The food in the restaurant is good, but the________ is bad. They always keep customers waitingtoo long.A) shelterB) serviceC) silenceD) signal10. The officials were rewarded for their ________ to the gover____ent.A) shelterB) servicesC) silenceD) signal1.公司宣布员工的薪水; 一般薪资，将在明年进步百分之五。

托福考试词汇模拟练习题带答案托福考试词汇模拟练习题带答案托福是去美国留学必过的一个门槛，考察的是学生语言层面上的能力。

那么，单词量便是基础。

想要突破自己拿到高分，庞大而又扎实的`单词量是我们必不可少的。

下面是店铺为大家搜索整理的托福考试词汇模拟练习题带答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!1. The confusion and congestion of individual citizens looking for their letters was itself enough to discourage use of the mail. It is no wonder that, during the years of these cumbersome arrangements, private letter-carrying and express businesses developed.The word "cumbersome" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) burdensome(B) handsome(C) loathsome(D) quarrelsome2. But this delivery service was at first confined to cities, and free home delivery became a mark of urbanism. As late as 1887, a town had to have 10,000 people to be eligible for free home delivery.The word "Confined" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) granted(B) scheduled(C) limited(D) recommended3. They were, by training, social scientists, not historians, and their work tended to reflect this bias. The questions they framedand the techniques they used were designed to help them understand, as scientists, how people behaved.The word "framed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(B) read(C) avoided(D) posed4. In Kingston, New York, for example, evidence has been uncovered that indicates that English goods were being smuggled into that city at a time when the Dutch supposedly controlled trading in the area.The word "supposedly" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) ruthlessly(B) tightly(C) barely(D) seemingly5. And in Sacramento an excavation at the site of a fashionable nineteenth-century hotel revealed that garbage had been stashed in the building's basement despite sanitation laws to the contrary.The word "sanitation" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) city(B) housing(C) health(D) trade6. When Jules Verne wrote Journey to the Center of the Earth in 1864, there were many conflicting theories about the nature of the Earth's interior. Some geologists thought that it contained ahighly compressed ball of incandescent gas, while others suspected that it consisted of separate shells, each made of a different material.The word "conflicting" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) controlling(B) outdated(C) opposing(D) important7. Beyond a depth of around 2,900 kilometers, a great change takes place and the mantle gives way to the core.< Some seismic waves cannot pass through the core and others are bent by it. From this and other evidence, geologists conclude that the outer core is probably liquid, with a solid center. It is almost certainly made of iron, mixed with smaller amount of other elements such as nickel.The phrase "gives way to" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) runs along(B) rubs against(C) turns into(D) floats on8. Although scientists can speculate about its nature, neither humans nor machines will ever be able to visit it.The word "speculate" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) report(B) learn(C) worry(D) hypothesize9. Farmers could get better prices for their crops if the alternative existed of sending them directly eastward to market, and merchants could sell larger quantities of their manufactured goods if these could be transported more directly and more economically to the west.The word "alternative" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) option(B) transition(C) intention(D) authorization10. The distance was more than 350 miles, and there were ridges to cross and a wilderness of woods and swamps to penetrate.The word "penetrate" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) cut down(B) go through(C) fill up(D) take over11. The range of the New York canal system was still further extended when the states of Ohio and Indiana, inspired by the success of the Erie Canal, provided water connections between Lake Erie and the Ohio River.The word "extended" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) increased(B) constructed(C) deepened(D) measured12. The answer lay in a resource that unknowing Americans had trampled underfoot in their haste to cross the "Great American Desert" to reach lands that sometimes proved barren. In the eastern parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was a cultivated plant.The word "barren" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) lonely(B) dangerous(C) uncomfortable(D) infertile13. In the eastern parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was a cultivated plant. It grew well with enough rain, then when cut and stored it would cure and become nourishing hay for winter feed.The word "preferred" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) ordinary(B) available(C) required(D) favored14. They were not juicy like the cultivated eastern grasses, but had short, hard stems.The word "hard" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) firm(B) severe(C) difficult(D) bitter15. Nevertheless, most domestic architecture of the first three-quarters of the eighteenth century displays a wide divergence of taste and freedom of application of the rules laiddown in these books.The word "divergence" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) description(B) development(C) difference(D) display16. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus to the use of more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of stone, but only in Pennsylvania and adjacent areas was stone widely used in dwellings.The word "durable" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) attractive(B) expensive(C) refined(D) long-lastingThe word "dwelling" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) houses(B) towns(C) outbuildings(D) rural areas17. Doorways were larger and more decorative. Fireplaces became decorative features of rooms. Walls were made of plaster or wood, sometimes elaborately paneled.The word "elaborately" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) done in great detail(B) put together carefully(C) using many colors(D) reinforced structurally18. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on.The word "chance" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) unplanned(B) unusual(C) lengthy(D) lively19. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is should be an integral part of one's entire life.The word "integral" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) an equitable(B) a profitable(C) a pleasant(D) an essential20. For example, the edge of the Pacific Ocean has been called the "Ring of Fire" because so many volcanic eruptions and earthquakes happen there. Before the 1960's, geologists could not explain why active volcanoes and strong earthquakes were concentrated in that region.The word "concentrated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) allowed(B)clustered(C) exploded(D) strengthened21. In the United States in the early 1800's, individual state governments had more effect on the economy than did the federal government. States chartered manufacturing, banking, mining, and transportation firms and participated in the construction of various internal improvements such as canals, turnpikes, and railroads.The word "effect" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) value(B) argument(C) influence(D) restraint22. The states encouraged internal improvements in two distinct ways: first, by actually establishing state companies to build such improvements; second, by providing part of the capital for mixed public-private companies setting out to make a profit.The word "distinct" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) separate(B) innovative(C) alarming(D) provocative23. Finally, state governments experimented with direct labor and business regulation designed to help the individual laborer or consumer, including setting maximum limits on hours of work and restrictions on price-fixing by businesses.The word "setting" is closest in meaning to which of(A) discussing(B) analyzing(C) establishing(D) avoiding24. Although the states dominated economic activity during this period, the federal government was not inactive. Its goals were the facilitation of western settlement and the development of native industries. Toward these ends the federal government pursued several courses of action.The word "ends" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) benefits(B) decisions(C) services(D) goals25. What forms of life were able to make such a drastic change in lifestyle? The traditional view of the first terrestrial organisms is based on mega fossils-relatively large specimens of essentially whole plants and animals.The word "drastic" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) widespread(B) radical(C) progressive(D) risky26. It turns out that some fossils can be extracted from these sediments by putting the rocks in an acid bath. The technique has uncovered new evidence from sediments that were deposited near the shores of the ancient oceans-plant microfossils and microscopic pieces of small animals.The word "extracted" is closest in meaning to which of(A) located(B) preserved(C) removed(D) studied27. The technique has uncovered new evidence from sediments that were deposited near the shores of the ancient oceans-plant microfossils and microscopic pieces of small animals. In many instances the specimens are less than one-tenth of a millimeter in diameter.The word "instances" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) methods(B) processes(C) cases(D) reasons28. In many instances the specimens are less than one-tenth of a millimeter in diameter. Although they were entombed in the rocks for hundreds of millions of years, many of the fossils consist of the organic remains of the organism.The word "entombed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) crushed(B) trapped(C) produced(D) excavated29. Citizens of prosperous, essentially middle-class republics --- whether ancient Romans, seventeenth-century Dutch burghers, or nineteenth-century Americans --- have always shown a marked taste for portraiture.The word "marked" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) pronounced(B) fortunate(C) understandable(D) mysterious30. In 1839 the daguerreotype was introduced to America, ushering in the age of photography, and within a generation the new invention put an end to the popularity of painted portraits. Once again an original portrait became a luxury, commissioned by the wealthy and executed by the professional.The phrase "ushering in" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) beginning(B) demanding(C) publishing(D) increasingThe word "executed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) sold(B) requested(C) admired(D) created参考答案：1 A2 C3 D4 D5 C6 C7 C8 D9 A10 B11 A12 D13 D14 A15 C16 D A17 A18 A19 D20 B21 C22 A23 C24 D25 B26 C27 C28 B29 A30 A D【托福考试词汇模拟练习题带答案】。

2023年托福考试真题及答案详解2023年的托福考试真题是众多考生关注的焦点，通过了解和掌握真题的内容，考生们能够更好地备考，提高自己的考试成绩。

本文将为大家详细解析2023年托福考试的真题及答案，帮助考生们全面了解考试内容和答题技巧。

第一部分：听力（Listening）在2023年的托福考试听力部分，考生们需要通过听取各种对话和独立演讲来回答相关问题。

以下是2023年托福听力部分的一道题目及其详细答案解析：题目：What is the main topic of the conversation?对话主要讨论的话题是什么？材料播放，对话内容如下：A: Have you heard about the new restaurant that just opened downtown?B: No, I haven't. What's the name of the restaurant?A: It's called "Blue Seafood". They specialize in serving fresh seafood dishes.B: That sounds great! I love seafood.A: Me too. We should try it sometime. How about this weekend?答案解析：对话的主要话题是关于一家新开的餐馆，名字叫做"Blue Seafood"，他们专门提供新鲜的海鲜菜肴。

根据对话内容可知，两人都对新餐馆很感兴趣，计划在本周末去尝试一下。

第二部分：阅读（Reading）托福考试的阅读部分包括阅读理解和词汇问答题。

考生们需要在一定时间内阅读文章，并根据文章内容回答相关问题。

以下是2023年托福阅读部分的一道题目及其详细答案解析：题目：What is the main purpose of the passage?文章的主要目的是什么？阅读材料摘录如下：[...] Recent studies have shown that regular exercise has significant benefits for both physical and mental health. Physical activity not only helps individuals maintain a healthy weight, but it also reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. In addition, exercise has been found to improve mood and decrease symptoms of depression. Therefore, itis important for people of all ages to engage in regular exercise to promote overall well-being.答案解析：文章的主要目的是说明运动对身体和心理健康的重要性。

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龟、迟缓的人integrate 使完整tension 紧张terminology 术语学torment 痛苦、折磨tedium 厌烦、沉闷tennis 网球、网球运动terminal 终点的、末期、学期的tact 机智、手法、老练tuition 学费disintegrate 使分解、是破裂attain 达到、获得；达到extol 赞美turtle 海龟integral 完整的、整体的tenuous 纤细的tedious 冗长的、乏味的term 学期、期限、条款、术语contagious 传染性的、会感染的pretension 借口、主张、自负、骄傲tectonic 建筑学Terminus 特热米纳斯intuitive 直觉的tame 驯养的、驯服的；驯养integrity 完整性architect 建筑师pretentious 自命不凡的untamed 未驯服的、不能抑制的tutor 教师、家庭教师tendon 腱intuition 直觉tornado 旋风、龙卷风tournament 比赛、锦标赛、巡回赛volador 飞鱼prevail 流行、盛行prudent 谨慎的volatile 飞行的、挥发性的、可变的pervasive 普遍深入的exotic 异国情调的、外来的available 有用的、可以利用的provident 有远见的survey 调查、俯瞰improvise 临时准备inevitably 不可避免地viable 能养活的、能生育的prevalent 普遍的、流行的wrap 弯曲、歪曲awkward 笨拙的x vascular 脉管的、有脉管的、血管的thwart 横过、横放的、阻碍evacuation 撤退、走开vacillate 犹豫不定previous 在前的、早先的intoxication 陶醉vessel 船、器皿、血管、导管toxic 有毒的、中毒的unwieldy 笨拙的、不适用的、难处理的provide 供应、供给wield 挥provision 供应yogurt 酸奶harmony 协调、融洽、和睦aluminum 铝vein 血管、静脉cauterize 烧烤、熏烤lumber 木材的wasp 黄蜂counteract 抵消、中和、阻碍enzyme 酶accommodate 供应、给提供膳食wither 枯萎、凋谢corona 冠状物、王冠、光环zoom 突然扩大、急速上升demolish 毁坏、肿块vanish 消失counterpart 副本、极相似的人和物molecule 分子awful 可怕的、威严的、糟糕的waspish 如黄蜂的、细腰的bump 撞击、肿块molecular 分子的jaw 颚、颌、下巴calculus 微积分学、结石catalyst 催化剂acquaint 使熟知、使熟悉wispy 纤细的、脆弱的diverse 不同的、变化多的wane 变小、亏缺、衰落、退潮religious 信奉宗教的、虔诚的、宗教上的tangle 混乱状态spinning 纺纱long 长refund 退款、归还sphere 球体、地球rumor 流言、谣言millennium 太平盛世、一千年lubricant 润滑剂diversification 变化、多样性spiral 螺旋形的omelet 甜蛋卷queer 奇怪的、可疑的；同性恋lithosphere 岩石圈ponderous 沉重的、笨拙的waterproof 防水的divert 转移、转向；使高兴drill 钻孔机、钻子、钻孔tread 踏、行走、践踏religion 信仰、宗教quaint 离奇有趣的、奇怪的meticulous 小心翼翼的、害怕的spin 旋转、地球fund 资金、基金支助、投资marble 大理石mosaic 镶嵌phase 阶段、状态neolithic 新石器时代preponderance 占优势的finance 财政、金融、财政学huddle 拥挤、杂乱一团block 木块、石块melodic 调子美妙的lounge 闲逛、休闲时、长沙发melody 悦耳的音调pueblo 印第安人村庄diversity 差异、多样性melodies 小旋律曲的kernel 仁、麦粒jeopardize 危害opaque 不透明的page 21alchemist 炼金术士occasional 偶然的、特殊场合的、临时的abort 异常中断、中途失败、夭折vibrate 振动、摇摆catalog 目录、目录册adolescence 青春期velocity 周转率、速率comic 滑稽演员、滑稽的、喜剧的alien 外侨、外国的accuracy 精确性、正确度cascade 小瀑布、喷流alternative 交替、轮流、改变yoga 瑜伽zealous 热心的contemporary 当代的、同时代的clipper 大剪刀、快速帆船剪者approximate 近似、接近、约计abolition 废除、废除奴隶制度accurate 准确的、精准的chorus 合唱、合唱队、齐声comedy 喜剧；连环画metabolic 代谢作用的、新陈代谢的apparent 显然的、外观上的chemistry 化学、变化之学catastrophe 大灾难、大祸apparatus 机械、设备、仪器catalyst 催化剂vehicle 汽车、媒介jealous 嫉妒的、妒忌的、猜疑的abolish 取消、废除antibiotic 抗生素、抗生的agency 代理处、中介choir 唱诗班、唱诗班的席位alter 改变、变更、alternate 交替、轮流、改变category 种类、别closet 壁橱、储藏室、厕所page 22hominid 原始人类military 军事的、军用的episode 插曲、一个事件conspicuous 有目共睹的gospel 福音，信仰、真理dioxide 二氧化物epidemic 流行的、传染的、流行性irritable 易怒的、急躁的edible 可食用的cylinder 圆筒、圆柱体、汽缸fundament 基础、基本原理interstellar 星级的lens 透镜、镜头intrude 闯入、侵入multiply 繁殖、乘、增加epic 史诗、伟大事迹modest 谦虚的、谦让的、适度的epitomize 摘要、概括、成为……缩影insulin 胰岛素freight 运费、货运、货物、船货epoch 新纪元、时代、时期multiple 多样的、多重的；倍数temperature 温度latent 潜在的、潜伏的dimension 尺寸、尺度intrepid 无畏的、勇猛的insulate 使绝缘、隔离fundamental 基础的、基本的；基本原则immense 极广大的、无际的motif 主题、主旨、动机、图形modulate 调整、调节frenzy 狂暴、狂怒equivalent 相等的、相当的、同意义的intimate 亲密的、隐私的temporary 暂时的、临时的guarantee 保证、保证书、担保multitude 多数、群众issue 发行、流出、出版page 23symptom 症状、征兆muscle 肌肉、臂力preserve 保护、保持、保存、保藏synonym 同义字synthesis 综合、合成militant 好战的、勇猛的、好斗的refurbish 再磨光、刷新trivial 琐细的、价值不高的synthetic 合成的、人造的、综合的overwhelm 压倒、淹没、覆没、受打击numerous 众多的、许多的、无数的obedient 服从的、孝顺的、听任摆布的obedience 服众、顺从quantify 确定数量、量化odd 奇怪的、古怪的、奇数的tribal 部落的、种族的sympathetic 有同情心的、合意的symbolic 象征的、符号的odor 气味、名声symmetry 对称、匀称seismograph 地震仪、测震仪neutron 中子synthesize 综合、合成tribe 部落symbol 符号、记号、象征sediment 沉淀物、沉积symphony 交响乐、交响曲mushroom 蘑菇；迅速生长nominee 被提名的人、被任命者soprano 女高音sympathy 同情、同情心shelter 掩蔽处、保护、庇护所quilt 棉被seismology 地震学resemble 象、类似seismic 地震的rhinoceros 犀牛nominate 提名、推荐、任命、命名ridiculous 荒谬的、可笑的tribute 贡品neutral 中立的、中立国的、中性的page 24solo 独奏virus 病毒、毒害、恶毒solution 解答、解决办法dubious 可疑的、不确定的solitary 孤独的、隐士worm 蠕虫credential 外交使节所递的国书、信任状soluble 可溶的、可溶解的desolate 荒凉的exemplary 可仿效的、可做模范的fidelity 忠实、诚实、忠诚utilitarian 功利的、实利的、红利主义的vermin 害虫、寄生虫hollow 洞、窟窿；空的、虚伪的viral 过滤性毒菌的、过滤性毒菌引起的adorn 装饰homing 自引导的hint 暗示、提示、线索absolutely 完全的、绝对的、唯一的inanimate 死气沉沉的、没生命的inanity 空虚、愚蠢exempt 免除ultimatum 最后通牒hinder 后面的、阻碍、打搅tributary 进贡国、附庸国ultimate 最后的、最终的、根本的inconspicuous 不显眼的、不引人注意的ornament 装饰物、装饰品、装饰ultraviolet 外线的、紫外的coupon 票息、商家的优待券hinterland 内地、穷乡僻壤ultimately 最后的、终于、根本、基本上animation 活泼、有生气eccentric 古怪的eliminate 排除、消除、除去page 25fortuitous 偶然的、幸运的photosynthesis 光合作用derive 起源于、得自于temporary 暂时的transparent 透明的、显然的、明晰的revitalize 新生auction 拍卖resonance 共鸣、回声、反响、共振fortune 财富、运气、大量财产photodissociation 光解mercantile 商人的、商业的、经商的merchandise 经商、商品inquire 询问、问明、查究market 市场、商场belle 美女psychoanalysis 心理分析hygiene 卫生、卫生的mercury 水银、汞embellish 修饰rival 竞争者、对手maybellion 美宝莲erode 侵蚀、腐蚀、使变化fauna 动物群、动物区系organic 器官的、有机的、组织的shuttle 往返汽车particular 特殊的、特别的、独特的temperate 有节制的、适度的、戒酒的octopus 章鱼sinuous 蜿蜒的、错综复杂的、动作复杂的thorn 刺、荆棘pendant 垂饰、下垂物horn 角、喇叭、号角simultaneous 同时的、同时发生的psychology 心理学、心理状态alphabet 字母表merchant 商人page 26blip 雷达上显示的点abbreviate 缩写、简写为blade 刀刃、刀片、叶片debris 碎片、残骸brittle 易碎的、脆弱的bleach 漂白、变白blend 混合brilliant 灿烂的、闪耀的、有才气的blame 过失、责备brood 窝embryo 胚胎、胎儿、胚芽blunder 跌跌撞撞、大错lizard 蜥蜴blaze 火焰、光辉、情感爆发breeze 微风、小风波bloom 花、旺盛、青春blur 涂污、污损terrestrial 陆地bland 温和的、柔和的、乏味的brand 商标、牌子、烙印blizzard 大风雪breed 繁殖、教养、抚养terrain 地形umbrella 伞、雨伞、阴影volcano 火山blossom 花、花开状态page 27democracy 民主政治、民主主义criterion 标准、准据、规范clumsy 笨拙的brass 黄铜、黄铜制品、厚脸皮claim 要求、要求权、主张creep 爬行、蔓延clap 鼓掌、合掌sniff 用力吸、嗅、闻到proclaim 宣布、声明、显示、显露clamor 喧闹、叫嚷、大声的要求clump 土块cliff 悬崖、绝壁bureau 办公桌、局、办公署crab 螃蟹、类似螃蟹的动物；偏执scramble 爬行、攀缘crawl 爬行、蠕动、徐徐行进cripple 瘸子critical 评论的、鉴定的、批评的、危急的crush 压碎、碾碎stiff 僵尸、僵硬的crucial 至关紧要的slump 消沉的、衰退的lump 块、使成块plump 圆肥的、丰满的、鼓起的crisscross 十字形recruit 新兵、新分子；征募新兵clay 黏土、泥土、肉体、人体cluster 丛生、成群bronze 青铜、铜像bureaucracy 官僚主义crippling 曲折、断裂cruise 巡航、迅游yard 院子clutch 抓住、攫住、离合器crusade 十字军东侵、宗教战争、改革运动acclaim 喝彩、欢呼page 28conflict 斗争、冲突fluctuate 变动、波动、涨落、上下、动摇raft 筏infect 使弯曲flection 弯曲、屈曲crack 裂缝、噼啪声dwarf 矮子、侏儒crust 外壳、硬壳、面包皮clam 蛤trigger 扳机、引发、引起、触发script 手稿、真迹crustacean 甲壳类的crater 弹坑reflect 折射、反映intriguing 迷人的、有迷惑力的dwell 居住、踟蹰drift 漂流gift 礼物clamor 喧闹、叫嚷、大声的要求ice-cream 奶油冰激凌crest 鸟冠、盔上的装饰、顶部swift 雨燕、迅速的、敏捷的cramped 峡促的、难辨的、难懂的cramp 抽筋、狭窄intricate 复杂的、错综的、难以理解的craft 工艺、手艺intrigue 阴谋、诡计page 29influx 流入fly 飞flagrant 不能容忍的、恶臭的flora 花神fragment 碎片、断片、片段inflate 使膨胀、使充气framing 取景flint 打火机、极硬的东西deflate 放气、抽出空气、缩小inflation 通货膨胀fracture 破裂、骨折suffragist 参政权扩大论者、妇女政权论者frame 结构、体格、构成、设计fraction 小部分、片段、分数flux 涨潮、变迁、流量、流通flake 使成薄片、使得意、使充气flow 流动、涌动、飘扬skinflint 吝啬鬼flap 拍打、拍打声、副翼flavor 情味、风味fragment 芬芳的、香的flock 羊群、大量、众多flourish 繁荣、茂盛、活跃、兴旺frustrate 挫败、阻扰、使感到灰心flame 火焰、光辉、光芒、热情frugal 节俭的、朴素的friction 冲突、打架、争论suffrage 投票、选票权、参政framedia 框架媒体fray 冲突、打架、争论、使磨损influential 有影响的、有势力的frigid 寒冷的、冷淡的refrigerate 使冷却、使变冷、使清凉fragile 易碎的、脆的inflammation 怒火、发火；炎症frost 霜、霜冻page 30glare 炫目的光、显眼、怒目而视granular 由小粒而成的、粒状的granite 花岗岩glaze 装玻璃、上釉、使表明光滑recognize 认可、再认出glacier 冰河ingredient 成分、组成因素、因素gross 总的、毛重的glory 光荣、荣誉aggregate 合计、总计、集合体engraving 雕刻术、雕版、雕版图glimpse 一瞥、一看grain 谷物、谷类、谷粒gregarious 社交的、群居的glamorous 妇幼魅力的、迷人的glow 发光、发热aggressive 好斗的、敢作敢为的、有闯进的grave 墓穴、坟墓、雕刻ignorant 无知的、愚昧的cognitive 认知的、有感知的glass 玻璃grind 磨、碾、折磨glorify 使更加壮丽、赞扬segregate 隔离ignore 无知、愚昧glitter 闪闪发光、闪烁diagnose 对话glossy 平滑的、有光泽的page 31imply 暗示、意味gravel 沙砾、沙砾层graph 图表、曲线图complete 全部的、完全的gravity 地心引力、重力duplicate 复制的、副的、两重性diplomat 外交官、有外交手段的groom 马夫、新郎、男仆hieroglyph 象形文字、图画文字graphic 绘画似的、图解的completion 圆满、完美、完成grace 优美、雅致、优雅replicate 复制pliable 易曲折的、柔软的、圆滑的plight 情况、状态、困境gravitational 重力的explicit 言明的、坦率的、直率的complexity 复杂、复杂性complicate 使复杂、使错综复杂telegraph 电报机、电报compliment 补足物、补足、余角geography 地理学、地理groan 呻吟、叹息grudge 不给予diploma 毕业文凭、毕业证书、奖状complicated 错综复杂的bridegroom 新郎grovel 趴、匍匐、卑躬屈膝grimly 严格地、可怕地、冷酷地crab 螃蟹implicit 暗示的、盲从的、含蓄的page 32plow 耕、犁、费力穿过appliance 用具、器具employ 雇佣、雇用、使用plateau 高度、高原comply 顺从、答应、遵守applaud 拍手喝彩、称赞、赞同latitude 维度、范围applicant 申请者、请求者plunge 跳进、投入deplete 耗尽、使衰竭paradox 似是而非的论点、自相矛盾的话plate 盘子、金属板、图版portray 描绘apply 申请、应用compliment 称赞、褒扬、恭维plankton 浮游生物plough 犁、耕longitude 经度、经线implement 贯彻、实现、执行replenish 补充exploit 开发、利用、使用applicable 可适用的、可应用的plausible 似是而非的attitude 态度plot 小块土地、情节platitude 陈词滥调page 33predator 掠夺者、食肉动物enterprise 企业、事业、计划provide 供应、预备、预防provident 有先见之明的、远见的primary 第一位的、主要的、初步的acquire 获得、学到quote 引用、引证、提供、提出deprive 剥夺、使丧失mosquito 蚊子prerequisite 先决条件、首要必备draw 拉扯、描绘、画reproach 责备、疏远require 需求、要求、命令primitive 原始的、远古的、粗糙的underscore 划线于……下，强调prudent 谨慎的、审慎的prime 最初、青春、精华score 得分、乐谱、抓痕、二十prototype 原型prompt 敏捷的、迅速的；促进、促使approach 接近、逼近、走进primate 首领、大教主、灵长类的动物protein 蛋白质prose 散文prey 被掠食者、牺牲者、掠食enterprising 有事业心的request 请求、要求、邀请page 34conscious 有意识的、有知觉的、故意的sculpture 雕刻、雕刻品；雕塑skeptical 怀疑性的、好疑的minuscule 小字写的schedule 时间表、进度表sketch 略图、草图、概略、方案rescue 援救、营救scorch 烧焦、枯萎ascending 上升的、向上的skull 头脑、头骨scavenger 清道夫、食腐动物scenery 风景、景色science 科学、知识landscape 风景、山水画、地形、前景Thanatos 死神、死的愿望euthanasia 安乐死descent 降下、降落、世系skeletal 骨骼的、骸骨的screen 屏、银幕、筛子、掩蔽物、屏风scuba 水中呼吸器microscope 显微镜scurry 急赶、急跑、急转scout 侦查、搜索、侦查员、侦察机descend 下来、下降、遗传skeleton 骨架、骨骼、基干、纲要transcend 超越、胜过smother 窒息cortex 树皮scent 气味、香味、香水、线索page 35shrewd 精明的scruffy 肮脏的、不整洁的、破旧的slum 贫民窟slice 薄片、切片、一份slide 滑动、滑行ascribe 归因于、归咎于prescribe 指示、规定、处方slipper 拖鞋shrub 灌木、灌木丛cosmos 宇宙sloth 怠惰、懒惰prescription 指示、规定、命令、处方script 手稿、手迹、剧本、原本sled 雪橇、摘棉slope 斜坡、斜面、倾斜cosmic 宇宙的scratch 抓、挠、搔smattering 略知、少数sly 狡猾的scrape 刮、擦、擦痕slip 滑到、事故、纸片slight 轻微的、微小的inscribe 记下shrimp 小虾slog 艰难行进scrub 洗擦、擦净、擦洗slender 修长的slim 苗条、纤细shrink 收缩、皱缩shroud 裹尸布、寿衣、覆盖物chimpanzee 非洲的小人猿、黑猩猩sledding 雪橇的使用stagger 走走停停、蹒跚而行page 36snore 打鼾、打着鼾渡过offspring 儿女、子孙、后代sneak 鬼鬼祟祟地做snoopy 爱探听的、爱窥视的squeeze 压榨、挤split 劈开、使裂开、分裂smuggle 走私、偷带squash 南瓜、易压烂的物品、拥挤的人群stammer 说说听听、口吃smell 气味、臭味、嗅觉slave 奴隶、辛勤劳动sprawl 四肢伸开的躺卧姿势、蔓生spring 喷泉、春天squirt 喷出、挤出sniff 用力吸splendid 辉煌的、灿烂的lamb 小羊、羊羔snobbish 势利的splash 溅、飞溅、斑点spread 伸展、展开、传播、蔓延squid 鱿鱼、乌贼、反潜艇发射装置sneer 冷笑、讥笑、嘲笑sprout 萌芽snack 小吃、快餐、一份sleep 睡觉sprinkle 洒、喷、淋slumber 睡眠snap 猛咬、突然折断sneeze 喷嚏、打喷嚏snake 蛇squint 斜眼看、斜视spray 喷雾、飞沫page 37institute 学会、学院、协会、创立、开始staff 全体职员stylized 城市化的、按固定格式的statute 法令、法律state 国家、州constitute 制定法律、建立、组成stylish 时髦的、漂亮的、流行的distinguish 区别、辨别stiff 僵硬的、僵尸substitute 替代品、替代物statist 统计学家astound 使惊骇、使大吃一惊constitution 构造、宪法、体质、体格constant 连续的、不断的estate 状态、不动产statistic 统计的、统计学的stuff 原料、材料stagger 蹒跚、走走停停staggering 蹒跚的、摇晃的、令人吃惊的institution 公共机构、协会、制度stash 中断constituent 有选举权的、有宪法制定的stadium 露天大型运动场style 字体、文体、风格、风度extinct 熄灭的、灭绝的、耗尽的constantly 不断地squirrel 松鼠stylistic 格式上的、体裁上的astonish 使惊讶distinct 清楚的、明显、截然不同的page 38restrict 限制、约束、限定stripe 斑纹、条纹stress 强调、重音、压力、重点string 线、细绳strain 拉紧、扯紧、紧张、尽力stereo 立体声系统、立体声strategy 策略、军略starch 淀粉、拘谨、古板constellation 星群、星座、灿烂的一群sterile 贫瘠的、不育的、不结果的stain 污点、瑕疵stretch 伸展、伸长tragedy 悲剧abstract 摘要、抽象；抽象的、深奥的restrain 抑制、制止stagecoach 公共马车archaeology 考古学distress 使痛苦restricted 受限制的strand 绳、线之一股、线sustain 支撑、撑住、维持strap 带、皮带；用带缚住、用带捆扎stratum 层、社会阶层stage 舞台、戏剧、活动场所prestige 声望、威望、威信stellar 恒星的prestigious 享有声望的、声望很高的page 39swear 咒骂、发誓anthropology 人类学wreck 失事船、失事swarm 蜂群、一大群swaddle 襁褓、摇篮swan 天鹅throne 王位、王权throng 群集wreath 环圈、花环swine 猪、卑贱的人ethnic 人种的、种族的、异教徒的wrap 卷、缠绕、裹swamp 沼泽、湿地thrive 兴旺、繁荣swallow 吞wrench 猛拧、挣脱wrestle 摔角、角力、扭打。

2023年9月托福考试试题一、听力部分（30分）（一）对话理解（15分）1. 有一段校园对话，男生在向女生抱怨他的室友总是在他学习的时候大声放音乐，问女生有什么建议。

这题的答案是女生建议男生先和室友好好沟通，告诉他自己的困扰。

解析就是在室友关系中，沟通是解决问题的第一步，很多时候大家可能没有意识到自己的行为给他人带来了不便，通过沟通能避免不必要的矛盾。

2. 还有一个对话是关于选课的，女生想选一门艺术课，但是担心作业太多会影响她的其他课程。

这题答案是男生告诉她可以去问上过这门课的学长学姐，这样能了解实际的作业量。

解析就是学长学姐有实际的上课经验，他们能提供比较准确的信息。

（二）讲座理解（15分）1. 有一个关于生物学的讲座，讲的是某种珍稀动物的栖息地保护。

问题是这种动物栖息地面临的主要威胁是什么。

答案是人类活动导致的栖息地破坏和气候变化。

解析就是人类的开发建设使得动物的生存空间不断缩小，气候变化也改变了它们栖息地的生态环境。

2. 另一个讲座是关于历史的，讲的是古代某个文明的贸易路线。

问题是这条贸易路线的重要意义。

答案是促进了不同地区文化和商品的交流。

解析就是贸易路线就像桥梁一样，连接了不同的地区，让各地的文化和商品能够相互传播。

二、阅读部分（30分）（一）文章阅读一（15分）这篇文章是关于科技对教育的影响的。

有个问题是科技给教育带来的最大改变是什么。

答案是让教育资源的获取更加便捷。

解析就是现在通过网络，学生可以在世界范围内获取各种学习资料，不再局限于本地的教育资源。

（二）文章阅读二（15分）文章是关于环境保护的，讲到了海洋污染的问题。

问题是海洋污染的主要污染源有哪些。

答案是工业废水排放、海上石油泄漏和生活垃圾倾倒。

解析就是工业生产产生大量含有污染物的废水排入海洋，海上石油开采和运输过程中可能发生泄漏，还有人们日常生活中的垃圾也会被倒入海洋。

三、写作部分（20分）题目是关于是否应该在大学校园里推广共享单车。