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AWOL:Absent WithOut Leave = 擅离职守；无故离队；开小差A:Attacker = 攻击机AA:Anti-Air = 防空AAA:Anti-Air Artillery = 高射炮AAAV:Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle = 先进两栖突击车AAM:Air-to-Air Missile = 空对空导弹AAR:Air-to-Air Refueling = 空中加油AAW:Anti-Air Warfare = 防空作战ABL:AirBorne Laser = 机载激光器ABM:Anti-Ballistic Missile = 反弹道导弹ACMS:Air Combat Maneuvering System = 空战机动系统ACV:Armored Combat Vehicle = 装甲战车AFV:Armored Fighting Vehicle = 装甲战车AEM&C:Airborne Early Warning and Control = 空中预警与指挥AEW:Airborne Early Warning = 空中早期预警AFB:Air Force Base = 空军基地AGM:Air-to-Ground Missile = 空对地导弹AGS:Armored Gun System = 装甲火炮系统AGS:Advance Gun System = 先进火炮系统AIM:Air Intercept Missile = 拦射空空导弹ALBM:Air-Launched Ballistic Missile = 空射弹道导弹ALCM:Air-Launched Cruise Missile = 空射巡航导弹AMRAAM:Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile = 先进中程空空导弹APAR:Active Phase-Array Radar = 主动相控阵雷达APC:Armored Personnel Carrier = 装甲人员输送车APFSDS-T:AP Fin-Stab. Discarding Sabot-Tracer = 尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲曳光弹APS:Artillery Pointing System = 火炮指示系统ARM:Anti Radiation Missile = 反辐射导弹ASM:Air-to-Surface Missile = 空对舰导弹ASRAAM:Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile = 先进短程空空导弹ASROC:Anti-Submarine Rocket = 反潜火箭ASuW:Anti-Surface Warfare = 反面作战ASW:Anti-Submarine War = 反潜ASW:Anti-Submarine Warfare = 反潜作战ATC:Air Traffic Control = 空中交通管制ATGM:Anti-Tank Guided Missile = 反坦克导弹ATM:Advanced Turret Module = 先进炮塔模块AUV:Autonomous Underwater Vehicle = 自主式水下航行器AWAC:Airborne Warning And Control = 空中预警和控制AWACS:Airborne Warning and Control System = 空中预警与指挥系统B:Bomber = 轰炸机BB:Battle Ship = 战列舰BC:Battle Cruiser = 战列巡洋舰BDA:Battle Damage Assessment = 战斗损害评估BPI:Boost Phase Intercept = 加速阶段拦截BRAA:Bearing, Range, Altitude and Aspect = 目标飞行情况BVR:Beyond Visual Range = 超视距BVRAAM:Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile = 超视距空空导弹C:Carrier = 运输机C3:Command, Control and Communication = 指挥控制通信系统CAP:Combat Air Patrol = 战斗空中巡逻CAS:Close Air Support = 近距空中支援CASE:Computer Aided Software Engineering = 电脑辅助软件工程CBU:Clustered Bomb Unit = 集束炸弹CENTCOM:Central Command = 中央司令部CFC:Carbon Fiber Composite = 碳纤维复合材料CC:Cruiser = 巡洋舰CG:Cruiser (Guided-missile) = 导弹巡洋舰CIC:Combat Information Center = 战斗信息中心CIC:Commander in Chief = 最高指挥官CIWS:Close-In Weapon System = 近战武器系统CIWS:Close Intercept Weapon System = 近程防御系统CNO:Chief of Naval Operation = 海军作战部长COMINT:Communication Intelligence = 通信情报COMDAC INS:Command Display and Control Integrated Navigation System = 集成控制导航系统CR:Close Range = 近程C/S:Course and Speed = 航向与速度CV:Carrier Vessel = 常规动力航空母舰CVN:Carrier Vessel (Nuclear-powered) = 核动力航母CVBG:Carrier Battle Group = 航母战斗群DASS:Defensive Aids Sub-System = 防御性辅助子系统DD:Destroyer = 驱逐舰DDG:Destroyer (Guided-missile) = 导弹驱逐舰DU:Depleted Uranium = 贫铀DVI:Direct Voice Input = 直接语音输入技术E:Electronic = 电子战机ECCM:Electronic Counter-Counter Measures = 电子反对抗，反电子战ECM:Electronic Counter Measures = 电子对抗，电子战ELINT:Electronic Intelligence = 电子情报EMCON:Emissions Control = 发射控制EML:ElectricMagnet Launcher = 电磁炮EMP:ElectricMagnet Palse = 电磁脉冲ERAAM:Extended Range Air-to-Air Missile = 延程空空导弹ESM:Electronic Signal Measures = 电子信号警告ESM:Electronic Support Measures = 电子支援ETG:Electro Thermal Gun = 电热炮ETCG:Electro Thermal Chemical Gun = 电热化学炮EW:Early Warning = 预警EW:Electronic Warfare = 电子战EWAC:Early Warning And Control= 预警及控制F:Fighter = 战斗机FAE:Fuel Air Explosive = 油气炸弹FEL:Free Elctron Laser = 自由电子激光器FF:Frigate = 护卫舰FFG:Frigate(Guided-missile) = 导弹护卫舰FLIR:Forward Looking Infra-Red = 前视红外FLOT:Forward Line Of Troops = 前线FMRAAM:Future Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile = 未来中程空空导弹FMTV:Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles = 中型战术车族GEM:Guidance-Enhanced Missile = 制导增强导弹GEO:Geo-Stationary Orbit = 地球同步轨道GPS:Global Positioning System = 全球定位系统GZ:Ground Zero = 核爆炸中心地面投影H:Helicopter = 直升机HE:High Explosive = 高爆炸药HEAT:High-Explosive Anti-Tank = 高爆反坦克炸药(成形炸药)HMD:Helmet Mounted Display = 头盔显示器HPM:High Power Microwave = 高功率微波HQ:Headquarters = 总部HUD:Head-Up Display = 抬头显示器HVU:High Value Unit = 高价值单位IADS:Integrated Air Defense System = 综合防空系统ICBM:Intercontinental Ballistic Missile = 洲际弹道导弹IFF:Identification of Friend or Foe = 敌我识别IFV:nfantry Fighting Vehicle = 步兵战车IPE:Individual Protection Ensemble = 单兵防护装备IRBM:Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile = 中程弹道导弹IRST:Infra-Red Search and Track = 红外搜索跟踪JDAM:Joint Direct Attack Munitions = 联合直接攻击弹药JHMCS:Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing System = 联合头盔指引系统JSF:Joint Strike Fighter = 联合打击战斗机J-STAR:Joint Surveillance and Target Attack Radar system = 联合侦察和目标打击系统JTIDS:Joint Tactical Info Distribution System = 联合战术信息分发系统K:Kerosene = 加油机KIA:Kill in Action = 阵亡LANTIRN:Low-Alt. Nav.& Targeting Infra-Red for Night = 低空导航与目标指示红外夜视仪LAV:Light Armored Vehicle = 轻型装甲车辆LCA:Light Combat Aircraft = 轻型战斗机LEO:Low Earth Orbit = 近地轨道LD:Laser Designator = 激光导引LGB:Laser Guided Bomb = 激光制导炸弹LORCAP:Long-Range Combat Air Patrol = 长距离战斗空中巡逻LPT:Low Profile Turret = 低矮炮塔LRBM:Long-Range Ballistic Missile = 远程弹道导弹LRIP:Low Rate Initial Production = 低速试产MBT:Main Battle Tank = 主战坦克MC:Marine Corps = 海军陆战队MCA:Medium Combat Aircraft = 中型战斗机MCM:Mine Counter-Measures = 扫雷MFD:Multi-Function Display = 多功能显示器MFR:Multifunction Radar = 多用途雷达MIL-STD:Milliraty Standard = 军事标准MLU:Mid-Life Update = 中期延寿（战机）MOPP:Mission-Oriented Protective Posture = 攻击中的防范状态MOAB:Massive Ordnance Air Blast = 巨型空中炸弹MOAB:Mother Of All Bombs = 炸弹之母MPRF:Medium Pulse Repetition Frequency = 中脉冲重复频率MRLS:Multiple Rocket Launching System = 多管火箭发射系统NAVSSI:Navigation Sensor System Interface = 导航传感器系统界面NCTR:NonCooperative Target Recognition = 非己方目标识别NBC:Nuclear Biological and Chemical = 核、生物、化学OICW:Objective Individual Combat Weapon = 目标单兵战斗武器OOB:Order Of Battle = 战斗序列OPCW:Org. for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons = 禁止化学武器组织OTH:Over the Horizon = 超视距OWS:Overhead Weapon System = 遥控炮塔P:Patrol = 巡逻机PA:Phase Array = 相控阵PAC:Patriot Advanced Capability = 改进型爱国者导弹PGM:Precision-Guided Munitions = 精确制导炸弹PIM:Path of Intended Motion = 预定机动路线PK:Probability of Kill = 杀伤率PLGR:Precision Lightweight GPS Receiver = 精确轻型GPS接收器R:Reconnaissance = 侦察机RATO:Rocket Assisted Take-Off = 火箭辅助起飞RCS:Radar Cross Section = 雷达截面RLG:Retractable Landing Gear = 回收式起落架ROE:Rules of Engagement = 交战规则ROV:Remote Operated Vehicle = 遥控车辆、飞机RPG:Rocket Propelled Grenade = 火箭助推榴弹RTB:Return To Base = 返回基地RTO:Ready to Take-Off = 起飞准备就绪RWR:Radar Warning Receiver = 雷达告警器SAM:Surface to Air Missile = 防空导弹SAR:Search and Rescue = 搜索救援SAR:Synthetic Aperture Radar = 合成孔径雷达SATCOM:Satellite Communication = 卫星通信SDV:Swimmer Delivery Vehicle = 潜水员输送载具SEAD:Suppression of Enemy Air Defense = 压制敌方防空任务SLBM:Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile = 潜射弹道导弹SLGR:Small Lightweight GPS Receiver = 小型轻便GPS接收器SOP:Standard Operation Procedure = 标准操作程序SRBM:Short-Range Ballistic Missile = 近程弹道导弹SSBN:Ballistic-missile Nuclear-powered Strategic Sub. = 战略导弹核潜艇SSL:Solid State Lasers = 固态激光器SSM:Surface-to-Surface Missile = 面对面导弹SSN:Strike Submarine (Nuclear-powered) = 攻击型核潜艇SSNDS:SSN Direct Support = 直接支援核潜艇SSPK:Single-Shot Probability of Kill = 单发杀伤率START:Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty = 战略武器削减条约STK:Strike = 袭击STN:Satellite Tracking Network = 卫星跟踪网STOL:Short Take Off and Landing = 短距起降STOP:Simultaneous Time on Top = 同时到达SURTASS:SURface Towed Array Sonar System = 水面拖曳阵列声纳系统TASM:Tomahawk Anti-Ship Missile = 战斧反舰导弹TEL:Transporter/Erector/Launcher = 运输/起竖/发射车THAAD:Theater High Altitude Area Defense = 战区高空区域防空TLAM:Tomahawk Land Attack Missile = 战斧对地攻击导弹TMA:Target Motion Analysis = 目标运动分析TOW:Tube-launched Optic-tracked Wire-guided = 光学有线制导管内发射反坦克导弹(陶式导弹)TVC:Thrust Vector Converter = 矢量推力UAV:Unmanned Air Vehicle = 无人驾驶飞行器UCAV:Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle = 无人驾驶战斗机UFCP:Up Front Control Panel =(战机座舱)前部控制屏UUV:Unmanned Underwater Vehicle = 无人水下航行器VL:Verticle Landing = 垂直起降VLS:Vertical Launch System = 垂直发射系统VTOL:Vertical Take Off and Landing = 垂直起降WECDIS:Warship Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems = 海图显示和信息系统WRM:War Reserve Materials = 战争物资储备W/S:Weapon System = 武器系统WYPT:Waypoint = 路径点A,是空中(机载)，I是对空，M是导弹，AIM就是空对空导弹了。
军事词汇导弹missil es洲际导弹intercontin ental missil e中程导弹mediurn-range missil e巡航导弹cruise mi ssil e核弹头nuclea rwerh ead地对地导弹surface to-surface missil e地对空导弹surface-to-air missil e舰对空导弹ship-to-air missil e空对空导弹air-to-air missil e空对地导弹air-to-surface missil e反幅射导弹anti-radiati on missil e反舰导弹anti-ship missil e反潜导弹anti-submari ne missil e自导鱼雷homing torpad o弹翼missil e wing减速伞drag parach ute制导装置guidan ce device弹体guided missil e doby固体火箭发动机solidpropel lant rocket 尾翼tail fin飞行弹道trajectory发射制导装置launchi ng guidan ce device 发射管launchi ng tube反弹道导弹anti-ballis ti c missil e集束炸弹bomb-cluste r地下井missil e silo移动式井盖slidin g silo door火箭发射场rocket launchi ng site发射塔launchi ng tower勤务塔servic e tower核武器nuclea r weapon s燃料库fuel depot; fuel reserv oir指挥室comman d post通气道air vent; ventil ation shaft多级火箭multis tage rocket再入大气层飞行器re-entryvehicl e原子弹atomic bomb氢弹hydrog en bomb引爆装置ignite r热核燃料fusion ablemateri al蘑菇状烟云mushro om cloud冲击波shock wave; blast wave放射性落下灰尘radioa ctive fallou t核爆炸观测仪nuclea r explosi on observ ation device辐射仪radiati on gauge辐射级仪radiati on leveli ndica tor军事卫星milita ry satell i te侦察卫星reconn aissa nce satell ite预警卫星earlywarnin g satell ite电子侦察卫星electroni creconn ai ssa n ce satell ite导航卫星naviga tionsatell ite测地卫星geodesi c satell ite军用通讯卫星milita ry communi cati ons satell ite军用气象卫星milita ry meteorologi c al satell ite卫星通信车satell i te communi cati ons vehicl e宇宙空间站spacestatio n警戒雷达warnin g radar引导雷达direct or radar制导雷达guidan ce radar目标指示雷达target radar测高雷达height findin g radar三坐标雷达three-dimensi onal radar弹道导弹预警相控阵雷达ballis tic missil e early-warnin g phased-arrayradar导航雷达naviga tionradar机载截击雷达airborne intercept radar炮瞄雷达gun-pointi ng radar对空警戒雷达aircra ft-warnin g radar航海雷达marine radar对海管戒雷达naval warnin g radar侦察雷达reconn aissa nce radar卫星通信天线satell ite communi cati on antena驱逐舰destro yer歼击机fighte r plane; fighte r空速管airspe ed head; pilottube陀螺gyroscope无线电罗盘radiocompas s平视显示机head-up displa y火箭弹射座椅ejecto r seat副翼ailero n襟翼flap燃油箱fuel tank垂直尾翼tail fin; vertical stabil izer阻力伞舱drag parach ute housin g水平尾翼horizo ntal stabil izer液压油箱hydrau li c oil contai ner副油箱auxili ary fuel tank主起落架main landin g gear机翼整体油箱integral wing tank机炮machin e gun; cnnon进气道系统air-inletsystem前起落架frontl andin g gear空气数据计算机air-data comput er迎角传感器angleof attack sensor进气口头锥air-inletnose cone战斗机combat aircra ft截击机interceptor强击机attack er歼击轰炸机fighte r-bomber轻型轰炸机light bomber战略轰炸机strate gic bomber电子战机electroni cfighte r高速侦察机high-speedreconn ai ssa n ce plane空中加油机tanker ai rcra ft运输机transp ort plane; air-freigh ter水上飞机seapla ne; hydroplane反潜巡逻机anti-submari ne patrol aircra ft教练机traine r aircra ft; traine r垂直起落飞机vertic al take-off and landin g无尾飞机taille ss aircra ft隐形轰炸机stealt h bomber可变翼机adjust able wing plane动力滑翔机power glider扫雷直升机mine-sweepi ng helico pter旋翼rotor机身fusela ge抗扭螺旋桨anti-torque tail rotor航空炸弹aerobo mb钢珠弹bomb with steel balls; contai ner bomb unit 化学炸弹chemic al bomb主战坦克capita l tank重型坦克heavytank中型坦克medium tank轻型坦克lighttank水陆两用坦克amphib i ous tank喷火坦克flame-throwi ng tank架桥坦克bridge tank扫雷坦克mine-sweepi ng tank坦克推土机tankdo zer侦察坦克reconn aissa nce tank无炮塔坦克turretless tank坦克牵引车recove ry tank坦克修理后送车repair-servic e tank反坦克障碍物anti-tank obstacl e桩寨pile stocka de鹿寨abatis反坦克断崖anti-tank ditch反坦克崖壁anti-tank precip i ce反坦克三角锥anti-tank pyrami ds炮手gunner坦克兵tank soldie r炮口muzzle炮管barrel清烟器fume extrac tor炮塔turret瞄准镜gun sight发动机散热窗radiat or grille备用油箱reserv e fuel tank主动轮drivin g wheel遮护板shield负重轮loadin g wheel烟幕弹发射筒smokebomb discha rger诱导轮induce r潜望镜periscope鱼雷torped oes电动机鱼雷electri c torped o航空鱼雷aerial torped o火箭助飞鱼雷rocket-assist ed torped o线导鱼雷wire-guided torped o发射机transm i tter自导控制组件self-directi ng unit装药和电子组件charge and electron unit 待发装置actuat or指令控制组件comman d contro l unit陀螺控制组件gyro-contro l unit电源控制组件power-supply contro l unit 燃烧室combustor舵rudder推进器propel ler潜艇submari ne鱼雷舱torped o room鱼雷发射管fi ring tube声纳sonar操纵线contro l wire水雷submari ne mine自航式水雷mobile mine锚雷moorin g mine触发锚雷moored contact mine触角antenna雷索mine-moorin g cable沉底水雷ground mine漂雷floati ng mine深水炸弹depth charge; depthbomb航空母舰aircra ft carrie r核动力航空母舰nuclea r-powere d aircra ft 阻拦装置arrest er飞行甲板flight deck雷达天线radar antenn a导航室island舰桥bridge机库hangar升降机口aircra ft lifts; elevat ors舰载机起飞弹射装置catapul ts油料舱fuel bunker弹药舱ammuni tion store贮存舱storag e hold通信中心室communi cati on center核反应堆nuclea r reacto r生活舱accomm odati on巡洋舰cruise r护卫舰escort vessel; frigat e导弹护卫舰mi ssil e frigat e战列舰battle ship护卫艇corvet te供应舰tender ship; depot ship舰队补给舰fleet depot ship海上补给船sea depot ship运输舰transp ort ship汽油运输船gasoli ne transp o rt ship扫雷舰mine sweepi ng vessel扫雷艇minesweeper鱼雷艇torped o boat导弹快艇missil e speedb oat导弹潜艇guided-missil e submari ne核动力潜艇nuclea r-powere d submari ne 潜艇救护舰submari ne lifegu ard ship猎潜艇submari ne chaser登陆舰landin g ship坞式登陆舰dock landin g ship电子侦察船electroni creconn ai ssa n ce ship情报收集船inform ation-collectingship测量船survey vessel调查船research ship打捞回收船salvag e vessel核动力破冰船nuclea r-powere d icebre aker气垫巡逻船patrol hoverc raftCarpet Bomb 地毯式轰炸: U.S. planes carpet-bombed Talibanfrontlinesnorthof Kabulon Wednes day and attack ed theMuslim militi a's powerb ase of Kandah ar in southe astAfghan istan, hittin g a clinic.Pullba ck 撤军: Palesti nian s said the pullba ck should be carrie d out uncond ition ally, and the United States keptup its pressu re to end the operat ion, whichis Israel'smost intens ive in 13 months of fighti ng.Pound猛烈轰炸: U.S. airstri kespoundA fghan homes.Cybert errori sm 网络恐怖主义:Presid ent formsCybert errori sm panel.Anthra x炭疽: Anthra x in Florid a, whichU S Attorn eyGenera l John Ashcro ft said was beingtreate d "veryseriou sly," amid concer ns over a possib le bioter roris tattack.milita ry buildu p 军事集结: The United States has sent some 1,000 soldie rs to Uzbeki stanas part of its bigges tmilita ry buildu p sincethe 1991 Gulf War.terrori st mastermind恐怖大亨: The country's ruling Taliban militi a declar ed the assaul t a ``terror ist attack'' andsaid allege d terror ist master mindOsamabin LadenandTaliba n leader Mullah Momamm ed Omar had surviv ed.pay a price付出代价: "Now the Taliban will pay a price,"Bush vowed.hit target s 攻击目标：U.S. and British forces hit target s in at leastthreecities.launch strike s 发动进攻：U.S. and Britai n has launch ed Afghan strike s.warpla ne, milita ry aircra ft 军用飞机：Missil es and warpla nes streak ed throug h the Afghan nightand rocked at leastthreecities in a U.S.-Britis hattack on Osamabin Ladenand his Taliba n backer sSunday.Defens e Secret ary Donald H. Rumsfe ld said an initia lgoal of the strike s was to render air defens esineffe ctive and to wipe out the Taliba n's milita ryaircra ft.cruise mi ssil es 巡航导弹：Pentag on offici als said the United States and Britai n launch ed 50 cruise missil es agains ttarget s inside Afghan istan in an attack that alsoinvolv ed the most sophis ticat ed U.S. warpla nes.milita ry capabi litie s 军事能力：Presid ent Bush gave a live televi sed addres s afterthe strike s began, saying U.S.and Britis h forces were taking ``target ed action s''agains t Taliba n milita ry capabi litie s and al-Qaida.hand over 交出：In the days followi ng the strike s at theWorldTradeCenter and Pentag on, the presid ent hadissued a series of demand s for the Taliba n to hand overbin Laden.fortifi cati on 防御工事：The head of an Afghan opposi tiongroupoffice in Iran said more than 200 U.S. and Britis hmissil es hit Afghan istan and ``devast ated'' Taliba n'sfortif icati ons in Kandah ar, Kabuland Mazar-e-Sharif.infidel异教徒：Later, Taliba n Deputy Defense Minister Mullah Noor Ali said ''the people of Afghan istan willresist. They will neveraccept the rule of infide ls.''jihad圣战（伊斯兰教徒对异教徒的战争）：The influe ntial and Taliba n-sympat hetic Afghan Defens e Counci l, basedin theeaster n Pakist ani city of Lahore, issued a call for"jihad,'' or holy war.air base 空军基地：Shortl y before the U.S. strike s began, the Taliba n had said they had sent thousa nds of troops tothe border with Uzbeki stan, whosepresid ent has allowe dU.S. troops use of an air base for the anti-terror ismcampai gn.strong hold要塞据点：But the Taliba n strong holdof Kandahar - alread y a shabby city of rocket-gouged street s andbullet-scarre d homes.refuel ing stop 补给站：The first was a punishi ng attack onthe airpor t, whichwas builtby the United States as arefuel ing stop betwee n Europe and Indiabefore thelong-haul Boeing 747s were introd uced.on conditi on of anonymi ty 匿名：The assaul t on the southe rn Afghan city came in at leastthreewaves, accord ing toTaliba n source s who spoketo The Associ atedPressbyteleph one on condit ion of anonym ity.armada舰队：FortyU.S. and Britis h warpla nes and an armada of warshi ps and submar inespummel ed strong holds of theal-Qaidanetwor k and the Taliba n regime in Afghan istan.firepo wer 火力：The demonstrati on of Western firepo wer was the firstwave of an anti-terror ism campai gn promis edafterthe Sept. 11 attack s on the United States.cargoplanes运输机：U.S. Air ForceC-17 cargoplanes flying from Ramste in Air Base, German y, were droppi ng food andmedica l suppli es inside Afghan istan as part of Presid entBush 's effort to aid displa ced civili ans.carrie r 航空母舰：A senior defense offici al, speaki ng oncondit ion of anonym ity, said laterthat Navy F/A-18 andF-14 fighte rs flew missio ns off two U.S. carrie rs in theArabia n Sea, and that no land-basedAir Forcestrikeplanes otherthan bomber s were used in the firstroundof attack s.blitz闪电战（尤指空袭）：Britai n joined U.S.-led attack s on Afghan istan, usingsubmar inesto launch a cruise missil eblitzagains t Osamabin Ladenand his Taliba nprotec tors.Tomaha wk 战斧式巡航导弹：The naval task forces includ e warsh i pscapabl e of firing Tomaha wk cruise missil es, whichwerelast used in Afghan istan in 1998 agains t bin Ladentraini ng campsin a failed bid to kill the exiledSaudi-born millio naire and his lieute nants.Tomcat美国航母F-14野猫战斗机：Two US Navy airmen were killed whentheirF-14 "Tomcat" aircra ft crashe d the day beforeyester day during a landin g manoeu vre at an air show atWillow GroveUS NavalAir Statio n, an annual eventattend ed by 200,000 people, a Navy spokes woman said.neutra l country中立国：The Taliba n insisted they wouldnot be bullie d into handin g over bin Laden, but said hecouldbe givento a neutra l countr y if Washin gtonprovid ed eviden ce linkin g him to last month's suicid eplaneattack s.air raid 空袭：The air raidshave sparke d an exodus ofpeople from cities -- many headin g toward Pakist an withbelong ingspiledhastil y onto donkey s and camels.stripthe citize nship取消国籍：Kuwait decide d Sunday to stripthe citize nship of the spokes man who appear ed inthe tapes, Sulaim an Abu Ghaith, a former Kuwait iteache r.all-out attack全面进攻：The United States and its partne rs have been urging the opposi tionto avoidlaunch ing anall-out attack on Kabuluntila broad-basedgovern mentcan be formed to replac e the Taliba n.extrem i st 极端分子：On Sunday, thousa nds of Muslim extrem i stsconver ged on the city of Jacoba bad, site of one of twoairfie lds that Pakist ani offici als privat ely say theAmeric ans have been allowe d to use to suppor t thecampai gn, though not to launch attack s on Afghan istan.shrapnel流霰弹：He said a bomb or missil e had explod edn earby and shrapn el landed on his house.comman do 突击队：Taliba n's troops hit as allies plan for comman do raids.军衔中英对照陆军Army一级上将Genera l First上将Genera l中将Lieute nant Genera l少将MajorGenera l大校Senior Colonel上校Colonel中校Lieute nant Colonel少校Major上尉Captai n中尉First Lieute nant少尉Second Lieute nant军事长Master Sergea nt专业军士Special i st Sergea nt上士Sergea nt, First Class中士Sergea nt下士Corporal上等兵Pri vate, First Class列兵Privat e海军Navy一级上将Admiral, First Class上将Admiral中将V ice Admiral少将Rear Admiral大校Senior Captai n上校Captai n中校Comman der少校Lieute nant Comman der上尉Lieute nant中尉Lieute nant, Junior Grade少尉Ensign军事长ChiefPettyOffi ce r专业军士Specia l ist PettyOffice r 上士PettyO ffice r, FirstClass中士PettyO ffice r, Second Class下士PettyO ffice r, ThirdClass上等兵Seaman, FirstClass列兵Seaman, Second Class空军AirForce一级上将Genera l, FirstClass上将Genera l中将Lieute nant Genera l少将MajorGenera l大校Senior Colonel上校Colonel中校Lieute nant Colonel少校Major上尉Captai n中尉First Lieute nant少尉Second Lieute nant军事长Master Sergea nt专业军士Specia l ist Sergea nt上士Techni c al Sergea nt中士Staff Sergea nt下士Corporal上等兵Airman, First Class列兵Airman, Second Class。
ctb货运航站楼的英语单词CTB货运航站楼是一个重要的交通设施，用于处理货物的接收、存储和分发。
在这个航站楼中，有许多相关的英语词汇，用于描述不同的区域、设备和流程。
下面是一些与CTB货运航站楼相关的英语单词。
1. Cargo area - 货物区域The cargo area is where the goods are stored and processed in the CTB cargo terminal.2. Warehouse - 仓库The warehouse is a large building where goods are stored before being transported.3. Storage facility - 存储设施The storage facility refers to the area or building where goods are kept before they are shipped.4. Loading dock - 装卸平台A loading dock is a raised platform where goods are loaded onto or unloaded from vehicles.5. Forklift - 叉车A forklift is a type of industrial truck used to lift and move heavy objects.6. Pallet - 托盘A pallet is a flat platform used for storing and transporting goods.7. Conveyor belt - 输送带A conveyor belt is a continuous moving band used for transporting goods.8. Customs - 海关Customs refers to the government agency responsible for regulating the import and export of goods.9. Cargo handling - 货物处理Cargo handling involves the loading, unloading, and movement of goods within the cargo terminal.10. Freight forwarding - 货物运输代理Freight forwarding involves coordinating the transportation of goods from one location to another.11. Container - 集装箱A container is a large standardized metal box used for transporting goods by ship, truck, or train.12. Dispatch - 派遣Dispatch refers to sending out goods or vehicles for delivery.13. Tracking - 追踪Tracking involves monitoring the location and status of goods during transportation.14. Warehousing - 仓储Warehousing refers to the activities involved in storing goods in a warehouse.15. Documentation - 文件Documentation includes all the necessary paperwork and records related to the transportation of goods.16. Freight agent - 货运代理人A freight agent is a person or company that arranges transportation and handles logistics for goods.17. Airfreight - 航空货运Airfreight refers to the transportation of goods by air.18. Road transport - 公路运输Road transport refers to the movement of goods by road or highway.19. Sea freight - 海运Sea freight refers to the transportation of goods by sea.20. Supply chain - 供应链The supply chain refers to the entire process of moving goods from the supplier to the consumer.这些词汇是CTB货运航站楼中常见的英语单词，描述了各个环节和设备。
军事类英语词汇带翻译意思(6)推荐文章和毒品有关的英语词汇热度：英语阅读词汇大全热度：6级英语考试词汇量热度：关于6级英语词汇表热度：6级英语考试单词热度：军事类英语词汇：t开头tactical operations center 作战中心targets of military importance 重要军事目标tarmac 停机坪terrain-hugging cruise missile 贴地式巡航飞弹territorial occupation 国土占领Tigris River/The Tigris 底格里斯河Tikrit 提克里特to envelope Baghdad 包围巴格达to fight street-by-street 打巷战to launch a suicide car-bomb attack 发动自杀式汽车炸弹袭击Tomahawk cruise missiles 战斧式巡航导弹Tornado fighter jet 旋风式战机torpedo 鱼雷TOW missile - Tube Launched, Optically Tracked, Wire Guided (TOW) Missile 陶式导弹 (一种管式发射光学瞄准、红外跟踪、有线制导的反坦克导弹)transport 运输机trenches 战壕turret 炮塔军事类英语词汇：u开头U.K. Ministry of Defence 英国国防部U.K. troops 英军部队U.S. Army Rangers 美国陆军游骑兵团U.S. Army 美国陆军U.S. Army’s V Corps 美国陆军第五军团(突击队)U.S. Army's V Corps 美国陆军第五军U.S. Brigadier-General Vincent Brooks 美国海军陆战队准将布鲁士U.S. Central Command 美军中央司令部U.S. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Richard Myers 美军参谋长联席会议主席迈尔斯将军U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) 美国国防情报局U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld 美国国防部长拉姆斯菲尔德U.S. Department of Defense Report 美国国防报告U.S. Department of Defense 美国国防部U.S. Embassy 美国大使馆U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff 美军参谋首长联席会议U.S. lieutenant colonel 美国海军陆战队中校U.S. Marine Expeditionary Force 美国海军陆战队远征军U.S. Marines 美国海军陆战队U.S. National Guard 美国国家警卫队U.S. National Guard 美国国民警卫队U.S. National Security Adviser 美国国家安全顾问U.S. paratroopers 美国伞兵U.S. Special Forces 美军特种部队U.S.Army Lieut. 美国陆军中校U.S.Army’s Delta Force 陆军三角洲特种部队U.S.S Constellation 星座号ultimatum 最后通碟underground storage facilities 地下储存设施unexploded Ordnance 未爆炸军火unidentified liquid and powder 不明液体及粉末unilateral war 单边战争United Nations Monitoring Verification, and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC), 联合国监测、查核与视察委员会United Nations Special Committee for Weapons Inspections 联合国武器核查特别委员会军事类英语词汇：v开头veterans 退伍军人军事类英语词汇：w开头war game 军事演习warlords 军阀warplanes 战机warship 战舰weapons embargoes 武器禁运weapons inspectors 武检人员weapons of mass destruction (WMD)/ weapons of mass murder 大杀伤力武器wing 空军联队。
外贸外运相关术语LOA LENGTH OVER ALL 船舶全长load loading 装货LOADREADY READY FOR LOADING,READY TO LOAD 已备妥,可装货loc. local;location当地;位置Long.,longlongitude 经度LPG Liquefied petrochemical gas 液化石油气LSD loading,storage and deliverycharges装船,仓储和交货费用LT LINER TERMS 班轮条款LT letter telegram 书信电报LTA lighter than air system(airships)LTD LIMITED 有限( 公司)ltge lighterage 驳运费ltr. li ghter 驳船lump lump sum 包干金额,总数M minimum(rate classification)最低(运费)m metre(s) 米M. MEASUREMENT 按货物的体积计算运价M.H. MerchantsHaulage 商船运输M.S. MOTOR SHIP 内燃机船M/R mates receipt 大付收据M/R,M.R. MA TES RECEIPT 大副收据M/S Motor ship 内燃机船M/V Motor vessel 内燃机船M/T,MT METRIC TON OR MOTOR TANKER 公吨或内燃机油轮海运费用术语海运费ocean freight(O/F)集卡运费、短驳费Drayage订舱费booking charge报关费customs clearance fee操作劳务费labour fee or handling charge商检换单费exchange fee for CIP换单费D/O fee拆箱费De-vanning charge卸柜费DestinationDelivery Charge(DDC)港杂费port sur-charge电放费B/L surrender fee冲关费emergent declearationchange海关查验费customs inspectionfee待时费waiting charge仓储费storage fee改单费amendment charge拼箱服务费LCL servicecharge动、植检疫费animal & plant quarantinefee 移动式其重机费mobile crane charge进出库费warehouse in/out charge提箱费container stuffing charge滞期费demurrage charge滞箱费container detention charge卡车运费cartage fee商检费commodity inspectionfee转运费transportatio n charge污箱费container dirtyness change坏箱费用container damage charge清洁箱费container clearance charge分拨费dispatch charge车上交货FOT ( free on track )电汇手续费T/T fee转境费/过境费I/E bonded charge空运方面的专用术语空运费air freight机场费air terminal charge空运提单费airway bill feeFSC ( 燃油附加费) fuel surchargeSCC（安全附加费）securit y sur-charge抽单费D/O fee上海港常用术语内装箱费container loading charge(including inland drayage)疏港费port congestion charge他港常用术语场站费CFS charge文件费document chargeM+R maintenance and repair(centre) 维护修理m3 cubic metre(s)立方米MACH modular automated container handlingMAF Manifest Amendment Fee 舱单改单费MAWB Master Air Waybill 总运单(空)MAX MAXIMUM,THE MOST 最大(多)Mdse merchandise商品MFN Most Favoured Nation最惠国MIN MINIMUM,THE LEAST 最小(少)MOLOO M ORE O R L ESS A T O WNERS O PTION 溢短装由船东选择MOLSO MORE OR LESS AT SELLERS OPTION 溢短装由卖方选择msbl missing bill of lading 丢失提单msca missing cargo 灭失货物MT motor tanker 内燃机油轮MTD multimodal transport document 多式联运单证MTO multimodal transport operator多式联运经营人MTON MEASUREMENT TON 尺码吨MV MOTOR VESSEL 内燃机船N normal(rate classification普)通货(运价)n.c.v. non customs (commercial) value 无商业价值n.e.s.not elsewhere specified不另说明n.f.o. not free out不管卸货n.l.t. not later than不迟于,不晚于n.o.e. not otherwise enumerated不另编号n.o.p. not otherwise provided未另列出N.O.R. not otherwise rated未列名N.O.S. not otherwise specified 未列名n.v.d. no value declared 未声明价值N/M NO MARK 无麦头n/n non-negotiable不可转让的N/O no order无定单N/R NOTICE O F READINESS 装卸准备就绪通知书NAABSA not always afloat but s afely aground 不经常漂浮但安全坐浅NAOCC Non Aircraft Operating Common Carrier 无航空器公共承运人NAWB Neutral Air Waybill(forwarders Air Waybill) 货运代理人空运分运单NGO non governmental organization非官方组织NOR NOTICE O F READINESS 装卸准备就绪通知书NR NUMBER 数字,号码NRT NET REGISTER TONNAGE 净登记吨NT.WT. NET WEIGHT 净重NVO (NVOCC) Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 无船承运人NVOCC NON-VESSEL OPERATIONS COMMON CARRIER 无船公共承运人O.B.S. Oil Bunker Surcharge燃油附加费O.R. owners risk 船舶所有人或货主承担风险O.R.B.owners risk of breakage破损风险由货主承担O.R.D.owners risk of damage损失风险由货主承担O.R.F. owners risk o f fire 火灾风险由货主承担o.t.o.r. on truck or railway 经公路或铁路O/D on deck 甲板上OAC Origin Accessory Charge 始发港杂费OBL Ocean Bill of Lading海运提单OBO Ore Bulk Oil(carrier矿)石,散货和石油多用途船Oc.B/L Ocean Bill of Lading海运提单OCB OCEAN FRT. BOX 海运费OCC Ocean Common Carrie远r洋公共承运人OCP O VERLAND COMMON POINTS 内陆共同点ODS operating differential subsidy 营差别补贴OFA ocean freight agreement 海运运费协议OIB Original Inland (Box) 启运港内陆附加费ORC Original Receiving Charge启运港接货费OT open top(container)开顶式集装箱OTI 远洋运输中介公司OWS OVERWEIGHT SURCHAARGE 超重附加费P & D pick up and deliveryP & I CLUB PROTECTION AND INDEMNITY CLUB 船东保赔协会P.& I. Protection and Indemnity Association 船东保赔协会P.& I. clause clause Protection and Indemnity claus保e 护和赔偿条款P.& I.Club Protection and Indemnity Club 船东保赔协会P.& L. profit and loss收益和损失p.a. per annum(per year)每年P.A. particular averag单e 独海损P.B.A.paid by agen由t代理支付p.c.f. pounds per cubic foot每立方英尺...镑P.chgs particular charges特别费用(保)p.d. partial deliver部y 分交付p.h.d. per hatch per day每天每舱口(租船)P.L. partial loss 部分损失(保)P.O.B. post office box 邮政信箱P.O.D. payment on delivery;paid on delivery交货时付讫p.t. per ton每吨p.t.w. per ton weigh按t吨计P/C Paramount Clause最重要条款P/N promissory note 期票;本票PA PARTICULAR AVERAGE 单独海损Para paragraph文章的段或节payt. payment支付,赔偿PCF Panama Canal Transit Fee 巴拿马运河费PCS Port Congestion Surcharge港口拥挤费PCT PERCENT 百分比pd. paid 已付款PDPR PER DAY OR PRORATA 按天计算,不足一天者按比例计算PENAVICO CHINA OCEAN SHIPPING AGENCY 中国外轮代理总公司PKG PACKAGE 包装pkge package包装PLP parcel pos 包t裹邮寄PLTC port liner term chargesPM POST MERIDIEM=AFTERNOON 下午pmt prompt 即时的POD port of discharg 卸e港POL port of loading 装港POR port of refug避e难港pp/ppd prepaid/prepaid预付PRO RA T A IN PROPORTION 按比例(计算)PROX PROXIMO,NEXT MONTH 下个月PSC Port Service Charge港口服务费PSS Peak season surcharge旺季附加费pt/dest port of destination 目的港pt/dischport of discharge 卸港PTL partial total loss 部分和全部损失ptly pd partly paid已付部分款PWWD PER WEATHER WORKING DAY 每晴天工作日Q Quantity (rate classification 数) 量Q.c.o. quantity at captains option数量由船长决定q.v. quod vide(which see) 见本项Qn Quotation引述,引用RF Refrigerated Container 冷藏箱RSC Restowage Charge 翻舱费S surcharge(rate classification) 附加费s & c shipper and carrier托运人与承运人S.& F.A. shipping and forwarding agent 运输代理S.d. small damage 小量损坏s.l.& c. shippers load and coun 发t货人装船和计数S.L./N.L. ship lost or not los 船t舶灭失与否S.O.L. shipowners liability 船舶所有人的义务S.P.A.subject to particular averag平e均分担单独海损S/C surcharge 超载S/D sailing date启航日期S/d sight draft 即期S/O SHIPPING ORDER 装货单,关单,下货纸S/P S TOWAGE PLAN,CARGO P LAN 货物积载图,船图S/S steamship 汽船,轮船SB SAFE BERTH 安全泊位SCF(C) Suez Canal Transit Fee (Charge) 苏伊士运河费SCR specific commodity rate 列名商品费率SDR Special Drawing Rights 特别提款权SDT Shipper Declatation for the transport of dangerous goods (FIATA FORM)SHEX SUNDAYS,HOLIDAYS EXCEPTED 星期日和节假日除外SHEX sundays and holidays excluded 星期天和例假日除外SHINC SUNDAYS,HOLIDAYS INCLUDED 星期日和节假日包括在内SINOCHART CHINA NATIONAL C HARTER CORPORATION 中国租船公司SINOTRANS CHINA NATIONAL FOREIGN TRADE TRANSPORTATION CORP. 中国对外贸易运输总公司SLI shippers letter of instruction 发货人说明SOONEST AS SOON AS POSSIBL E 尽快,尽速SOS SAVE OUR SHIP ,A MESSAGE FOR HELP ( 船舶遇难)呼救信号SPACETONS MEASUREMENT TONS INCLUDING BROKEN STOWAGE SPACE 包括亏舱在内的尺码吨SPS Shanghai Port Surcharge上海港附加费SPS Shanghai Port Surcharge上海港附加费sq.cm(s) square centimtre(s)平方分米sq.in(s)square inch(es) 平方英寸SRCC STRIK,RIOTS AND CIVIL COMMOTION 罢工,暴乱,内哄(险)SS STEAM SHIP 蒸汽机船stvdrs stevedores码头装卸工人a.a.r. against all risks 一切险a.c.v.actual cash value 实际现金价值a.d.(a/)after date ...日期以后A.F. ADVANCED FREIGHT 预付运费A.F.B.AIR FRIGHT BILL 空运运单a.g.w.t. actual gross weight 实际毛重,实际总重量A.H. AFTER HATCH 后舱A.N. ARRIVAL NOTICE 到达通知A.O. account of ... 的帐上A.V. AD VALOREM ACCORDING TO VALUE 运价标记,根据商品的价值(计算运费),从价费率A/C for account of 费用由...负担A/or and/or 和/或A/P account paid 已付帐款A/R ALL RISKS 一切险a/s after sight 见票后.. .A/S alongside 靠码头,并靠他船aa ALWAYS AFLOAT 保持漂浮,永远漂浮AC account current 往来帐户，活期存款帐户，流通帐ACC ALAMEDA CORRIDOR CHARGE 绿色通道费acc. acceptance;accepted 已接受acc.cop. according to the custom of the port 按照...港口惯例ACCT ACCOUNT 帐目,帐户ACPT ACCEPTANCE 接受ad val.(a/v) ad valorem (accordingto value) 从价费率(按离岸价格)ADC ADVANCE CHARGESADCOM/M ADDRESS COMMISSION 订舱佣金,租船佣金ADFT AFT DRAFT 艉吃水ADP automateddata processing自动数据处理ADR European Agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerousgoods by roadADV. ADVISE OR ADVANCE 通知或提前AETR European Agreement concerning the work of crews of vehicles engaged in i nternationalroad transportAFC AMS Filing Charges 美国自动报关费AFRA average freight rate assessment 运费费率平均运价Agcy agency 代理公司,代理行AGRD AGREED 同意AGRT AGREEMENT 协议Agt. agent 代理人AGW ALL GOING WELL (取决于)一切顺利AM ANTE MERIDIEM 上午AMT AMOUNT 金额, 数额AMT Air Mail Transfer 航空邮寄approx. approximately 大约arr. arrival 到达,抵达arrd. arrived 到达,抵达ASAP AS SOON AS POSSIBLE 尽快,尽速ASF AS FOLLOWS 如下ass. associate准会员,公司ATA actual time arrival 实际到达时间ATD actual time of departure 实际出发时间ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information System 自动费率报备系统ATP Agreement for the International Carriage of Perish able Foodstuffs ATTN ATTENTION 由...收阅Atty attorney 律师(美),代理人auth. authorized 授权的,认可的aux. auxiliary 辅助的,辅助设备AWB Air Waybill 空运单B.A.C. bunker adjustment charge 燃油附加费B.A.F.bunker adjustment factor 燃油附加费系数B.C. bulk cargo 散装货b.d.i. both dates (days)inclusive 包括始末两天B.RGDS BEST REGARDS 致敬,致意B.T. BERTH TERMS 班轮条款B.W. bo nded warehouse 保税仓库B/D bank(ers) draft 银行汇票B/G bonded goods 保税货物B/LBILL OF LADING 提单BABALE CAPACITY 包装容积BAF Bunker Adjustment Factor 燃油附加费BAL BALANCE 平衡BDL BUNDLE 捆bdth breadth 宽度,型宽Bdy boundary 边境,界线BEAM BREADTH OF THE VESSEL (船舶)型宽BENDS BOTH ENDS 装卸港BIMCO BALTIC INTERNATIONAL MARITIME CONFERENCE 波罗的海国际航运公会BIZ BUSINESS 业务Bk. bank 银行BKC/BC Bunker Charge 燃油附加费Bkge brokerage 佣金,经纪费BL BALE 包(装)BLADING BILL OF LADING 提单BLFT BALE FEET 包装尺码(容积)BLK BULK 散装BLKR BULKER 散装船BP Base Port 基本港brl. barrel 桶,分英制美制两种BS/L BILLS OF LADING 提单(复)bxs. boxes 盒,箱C&F COST AND FREIGHT 货价加运费c.&d. collectionand delivery运费收讫,货物交毕C.A.F. currency adjustment factor 货币贬值附加费系数C.A.S. urrency adjustment surcharge 货币贬值附加费C.B. container base 集装箱底c.b.d. cash before delivery交货前付现C.F. CUBIC FEET 立方英尺C.H. carriers haulage 承运业C.H.C. cargo handling charges 货物装卸费c.i.a. cash in advance 交货前付现款c.i.f.& e. cost,insurance,freightand exchange 成本,保险费,运费,加汇费价格c.i.f.& i. cost,insurance,freightand interest 成本,保险费,运费,加利息价格c.i.f.c.& e. cost,insurance,freight,commission and exchange 成本,保险费,运费,佣金,加汇费价格c.i.f.c.& i. cost,insurance,freight,commission and interest 成本,保险费,运费,佣金,加利息价格c.i.f.i.& e. cost,insurance,freight,interestand exchange 成本,保险费,运费,利息,加汇费价格c.i.f.i.c. cost,insurance,freight,interestand commission 成本,保险费,运费,利息,加佣金价格c.i.f.L.t.cost,insurance,freight,London terms 伦敦条款到岸价格岸价加战争险c.i.f.w. cost,insurance,freight/wa 到rC.O.D. cash on delivery 货到付款C.O.F.C .Container-on-Flat-Car(railflatcar) (铁路)装运集装箱的平板车C.O.S. cash on shipment 装船付船C.P. Customs of Port 港口惯例C.T. conference terms 公会条款C/D customs declaration 报关单C/Nconsignment note 发货通知书C/O(IN) CARE OF 由...转交C/O certificat e of origin原产地证明C/P CHARTER PARTY 租船合同C/P blading charter party bill of lading 租船提单C/T Container Terminal 集装箱码头CABLEADD CABLE ADDRESS 电报挂号CAC currency adjustment charge 货币贬值附加费CAConf C argo Agency Conference(IATA) 货运代理公会CAF Currency Adjustment Factor 币值调整附加费CAF Currency Adjustment Factor 币值调整费CASS Cargo Accounts Settlement System(IATA) 货运费用结算系统cbm cubic meter 立方米CBP Customs and Border Protection美国海关边防总署CC CARBON COPY 抄送cc charges collect 收取运费CCL customs clearance 清关CCS consolidated cargo(container) service集中托运业务CEM European Conference on goods train timetables 欧洲货运列车时刻表会议CFR Cost a nd freight (Incoterms) 成本加运费价CFS CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION 集装箱货运站CFS CFS Charge 集装箱场站费用Ch.fwd charges forward 运费到付CIC CHINA INSURANCE CLAUSE 中国保险条款CIF COST,INSURANCE AND FRIEHGT 到岸价格(货价,保险费,加运费价)CIF & C COST,INSURANCE,FREIGHT AND COMMISSION 到岸价格加佣金CIM InternationalConvention concerning the carriage of Goods by RailwayCIP Carriage and insurance paid to (Incoterms运)费和保险费付至...( 指定目的地)CIV InternationalConvention on the Carriage of Passenger and Luggage by Railwa yCKD completely knocked down (unassembled) 完全分解的CL.B/L CLEAN BILL OF LADING 清洁提单cm centimetre(s) 厘米cm3 cubic centimetre(s) 立方厘米CMR Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road cnee consigne e收货人cnmt/consgt.consignment 发运cnor consignor 发货人CO. COMPANY 公司COA CONTRACT OF AFFREIGHTMENT 包运合同COD Change of Destination 更改目的地（改港）COD Charge of Diversion 转港费COMBITERMS Delivery terms for intl groupag e traffic 国际成组运输交货条款(货运代理人之间)COMM. COMMISSION 佣金CONBILL CONFERENCE BILL OF LAD ING 公会提单CONGENBILL CONFERENCE GE NERAL CARGO BILL OF LADING 公会杂货提单CO-OP CO-OPERATION 合作COP customs of port 港口惯例CORP. CORPORATION 公司COSCO CHINA OCEAN SHIPPING COMPANY 中国远洋运输总公司COTIF Convention concerning Intl Carriage by Rail (CIM-CIV) 国际铁路运输公约CP carriage paid 运费已付CPLTC Conference Port Liner Term Charges 港口班轮装卸条款公会CPT Carriage paid to (Incoterms) 运费付至(...指定目的地)CQD CUSTOMARY QUICK DESPATCH 按港口惯常速度快速装卸CSC Container servicecharge 集装箱运输费用CSC Intl Convention of the Safe Transport of Containers 国际集装箱安全公约CSConf C argo Service Conference(IATA) 货运业公会CST Container Service Tariff集装箱运输费率CTcombined transport联合运输CTD combined transportdocument 联合运输单证CTO combined transportoperator 多式联运经营人CTPC Cargo Traffic Procedures Committee(IATA) cu.ft.cubic foot(feet) 立方英尺cu.in. cubic inch(es) 立方英寸CUB CUBIC 立方CUC Chassis Usage Charge 拖车运费CUC Chassis Usage 托盘使用费CUFT CUBIC FEET 立方英尺CUM CUBIC METER 立方米CVGK customs value per gross kilogram (毛重)每公斤海关价值CVGP customs value per gross pound (毛重)每磅海关价值CWE cleared without examination 未经查验过关的CWO CASH WITH ORDER 订货时预付款cwt hundredweight担,(英制)等于112 磅,(美制)等于100 磅CY CONTAINER YAND 集装箱堆场cy currency 货币CYC CY HANDLING CHARGE 日本港口操作附加费D DIESEL OIL 柴油D.A.S. delivered alongside ship 船边交货D.F DEAD FREIGHT 空舱费D.T.A. DEFINITE TIME OF ARRIVAL 确报,船舶确切到港时间D/A DOCUMENT AGAINST ACCEPTANCE 承兑交单D/O DELIVERY ORDER 提货单D/O Delivery Order 交货单（小提单）D/P DOCUMENT AGAINST PAYMENT 付款交单D/R Dock Receipt 场站收据D300 DIESEL OIL 300 TONS 柴油300 吨DAF Delivery at frontier(Incoterms) 边境交货(...指定地)Dbk drawback 退(关)税DCAS DistributionCost Analysis System 分拨费用分析系统DCF DocumentationFee 单证费DDC DEST. DELIVERY CHARGE 目的港卸货费DDP Deliveredduty paid(Incoterms) 完税后交货DDU Deliveredduty unpaid(Incoterms)未完税交货DEM DEMURRAGE 滞期费DEP/DEPT DEPARTURE (船舶)离港DEQ Deliveredex quay(duty paid)(Incoterms) 目的港码头交货(关税已付)DES Deliveredex ship(Incoterms) 目的地船上交货(...指定目的港)DESP DESPATCH MONEY 速遣费DESPONENT OWNER SECOND OWNER OF THE SAME VESSEL 二船东DFT DRAFT 吃水DHC Dest. Terminal Handling Charge 目的港港口附加费DHD DEMURRAGE AND HALF DESPATCH 滞期费,速遣费为滞期费的一半DHDWTS DESPATCH HALF DEMURRAGE AND FOR WORKING TIME SAVED 速遣费按滞期费的一半,并按节省的工作时间计算dia diameter 直径DIB DestinationInland (Box) 目的港内陆附加费dir. direct 直接dm3 cubic decimetre(s) 立方分米DOCIMEL Electronic Cim Document 电子单证DWC DEADWEIGHT CAPACITY 受载量DWCC dead weight cargo capacity载重量DWCT DEADWEIGHT CARGO TONNAGE 载重吨,受载量DWT DEADWEIGHT TONNAGE 载重吨DWTC DEADWEIGHT TONNAGE OF CARGO 货物载重吨E. & O.E. ERRORS AND OMMISIONS EXCEPTED 有错当查(错误和遗漏不在此限) E.G. EXAMPLE GRATIA=FOR EXAMPLE 例如e.g. for example 例如E/M EXPORT MANIFEST 出口载货清单,出口舱单EBAF Emergent Bunker Adjustment Factor 紧急燃油附加费EBS Emergency Bunker Surcharge 紧急燃油附加费ECU European currency unit 欧洲货币单位EDI electronic data interchange电子数据交换EDIFACT Electronic Data Interchangefor Administration, Commerce and Transport EDP electronic data processing 电子数据处理EER Emergent Equip. Rest. Surcharge 紧急空箱调运费EIR equipment interchange receipt(containers) 设备交接单(集装箱)EIU EVEN IF USED 即使使用(也不算)EMS Emergency Surcharge(near the war field) 紧急战争附加费ENCL ENCLOSURE OR ENCLOSED 附件或所附的ERS Equipment Re-positioning Surcharge 集装箱回空费ERS EQUIP. REST.SURCH 空箱调运费ETA ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL (船舶)预计抵港时间ETAD EXPECTED TIME OF ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE (船舶)预计到达和离开时间ETB EXPECTED TIME OF BERTHING (船舶)预计靠泊时间ETC EXPECTED TIME OF COMMENCEMENT 预计开始时间ETCD ESTIMATED TIME OF COMMENCING DISCHARGING (船舶)预计开始卸货时间ETD ESTIMATED TIME OF DEPARTURE (船舶)预计离港时间ETL ESTIMATED TIME OF LOADING (船舶)预计开装时间ETSESTIMATED TIME OF SAILING (船舶)预计开航时间excl. excluding不包括,除...外EXP EXPORT 出口EXPS EXPENSES (费用)支出EXW Ex works(Incoterms) 工厂交货(...指定地)F FUEL OIL 燃油F.A.A.free of all average 一切海损不赔险f.a.c. fast as can (loading o r discharge) 尽快(装卸)F.A.C. forwarding agents commission 货运代理人佣金f.a.q. fair average quality 中等质量货物F. and D. freight and demurrage 运费和滞期费f.g.a. free of general average 共同海损不赔险f.i.a.s.free in and stowed 船方不负担装货费和理舱费F.I.B. free into barge 驳船上交货f.i.c. freight,insurance,carriagef.i.h. free in harbour 港内交货F.I.L.S.D. FREE IN LASHED,SECURED AND DUNNAGED (船方)不负担装货,捆扎,加固,隔垫(料)等费用f.i.o.s.free in and out stowed 船方不负担装卸费和理舱费f.i.w. free into waggon 船方不负担装入货车费F.O.C. flag of convenience 方便国旗F.O.D. free of damage 损坏不赔f.o.w. first open water 第一解冻日( 保)F.P.A.free of particular average 单独海损不赔F/M EXPORT FREIGHT MANIFEST 出口载货运费清单,运费舱单F300 FUEL OIL 300 TONS 燃油300 吨FAK freight all kinds (不分品种)同一费率FALPRO Special Programme on Trade Facilitation(UNCTAD) 简化贸易手续特别计划FAS Free alongside ship(Incoterms) 船边交货(...指定装运港)FBL FIATA Multimodal Transport Bill of Lading(FIATA Document) FIATA 多式联运提单FCA Free carrier(Incoterms) 货交承运人FCL FULL CONTAINER LOAD (集装箱)整箱货FCR Forwarders Certificate of Receipt (FIATA Document) 货运代理人收讫货物证明FCSR & CC free of capture,seizure,riotsand civil commotions 掳获,捕捉,暴动和内乱不赔险FC T Forwarders Certificate of Transport(FIATA) 货运代理人运送证明FDFT FORE DRAFT 艏吃水FEU FOURTY EQUIVALENT UNIT 40 标准集装箱FFI FIATA ForwardingInstructions(FIATA form) 国际货运代理协会联合会代运说明FHEX Friday and holidaysexcepted 节假日除外FI FREE IN (船方)不负担装货费用FILO FREE IN AND LINER OUT (船方)不负担装货费用,但负担卸货费用FIO FREE IN AND OUT (船方)不负担装,卸费用FIOST FREE IN AND OUT,STOWED AND TRIMMED (船方)不管装,不管卸,不管积载和平仓firavvfirst available 最有效的FIS freight,insuranca e nd shipping charges运费，保险和装船费用FLT forklift truck 叉车FLT FULL LINER TERMS 全班轮条款FM FROM 从...,来自...FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美国联邦海事委员会FOB FREE ON BOARD 离岸价格(船上交货)FPA FREE FROM PARTICULAR AVERAGE 平安险FPAD freight payable at destination 目的地付运费FR flat rack(container)FRG FOR YOUR GUIDANCE 供你参考,供你掌握情况FRT FRE IGHT 运费Frt.fwd. freight forward 到付运费frt.ton freight ton 运费吨FRZ Frozen 冰冻FT FOOT OR FEET 英尺ft.ppd. freight prepaid 运费预付FWC full loaded weight & capacity(container) 满载重量和容积FWD FORWARD 前部FWDFT FRESH WATER DRAFT 淡水吃水fwdr. forwarder货运代理人FWR FIATA Warehouse Receipt(FIATA Document) FIATA 仓储收据G.A. general average 共同海损(保)G.A.A. General Average Agreement(bond) 共同海损协议(合同)G.A.C. general average contribution 共同海损分摊额(保)G.B.L. GovernmentBill of Lading 政府海运提单G.C. general cargo 杂货G.C.R. general cargo rates 杂货费率GA GENERAL AVERAGE 共同海损GDP gross domestic product 国内生产总值GE NCON UNIFORM GENERAL CHARTER 统一杂货(程)租船标准合同,金康程租合同GFA general freight agent 货运总代理GMT GREENWICH MEAN TIME 格林威治标准时间GNP gross national product 国民生产总值GR GRAIN CAPACITY OR GROSS (船舶)散装容积或毛(重)GRD GEARED 带吊杆的GRI GEN RATE INCREASE 运费普遍增长GRT GROSS REGISTER TONNAGE 总登记吨GSA General Sales Agent 销售总代理GSP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCE 普惠制GW GROSS WEIGHT 毛重h.p. horse power 马力H.Q. headquarters 总部h/lift heavy lift 重件货HAHATCH 舱口HA DIM HATCH DIMENSION 舱口尺寸HATUTC HALF TIME USED TO COUNT (AS LAYTIME) 实际所使用时间的一半应计算(为作业时间)HAWB House Air Waybill 货运代理运单,分运单HBL House Bill of Lading 无船承运人提单HD HEAVY DIESEL 重柴油hdlg handling 处理,手续HERMES Handling European Raiway Message Exchange-System 欧洲铁路运输信息交换系统hgt height 高度HOHOLD 货仓HRSHOURS 小时HTD Heated 加热HTS Harmonized Tariff Schedule 国际货物编码i.a.w. in accordance with 按照I.E. ID EST=THAT IS 即是..., 那就是...i.o.u. I owe you 借据,欠条I.P.A. includingparticular average 包括单独海损(保)IAC Inter-modal Administrative Charge(U.S. Inland Surcharge) 内陆运输附加费IAC Intermodel Administrative Charge 多式联运附加费ICB InternationalCarrier Bond 国际承运人保证金ICC INSTITUTE CARGO CLAUSES,LONDON 伦敦协会货物条款(保险)IFA Interim Fuel Adjustment 临时燃油附加费I C Indian Inland Charge 印度内陆费（包括：内陆费加费IHC 、目的港DHC）IMDG InternationalMaritime Dangerous Goods Code 国际海运危险品编码IMOIMCO additional 危险品附加费IMP. IMPORT 进口in. inch(s) 英寸INC. INCLUDING 包括incl. including包括INCOTERMS Standard condition for sale and deliveryof goods 国际贸易术语解释通则INMARSAT InternationalConvention on the International Maritime Satellite Organizat ionINST INSTANT 本月的INT INTENTION 意下,企图INTRM intermediatepoint 中转点inv. invoice 发票IOP IRRESPECTIVE OF PERCENTAGE 不管百分比IPF Inspection Fees 集装箱检查费IU IF USED 如果使用K.ATT KIND ATTENTION 请转,请交,请...收阅KG KILOGRAM 公斤KM KILOMETER 公里km.p.h. kilometres per hour 时速km2 square kilometre 平方公里kn knot(s)结kW kilowatt 千瓦kWh kilowatt-hour度,千瓦时l.& d. loss and damage 损失与残损l.& u. loading and unloading 装卸L.O.A. lenghth over all 全长L.T. LOCAL TIME 当地时间L/A Lloyds agent 劳埃德保险公司代理人,劳埃德船级社代理人L/C LETTER OF CREDIT 信用证L/G LETTER OF GUARANTEE 保证书,保证信L/L LOAD ING LIST 装货清单L/T LONG TON 长吨L/T liner terms 班轮条款LABL Less Advance Booking Allowance 提前定舱优惠价LADEN DRAFT THE DRAFT WHEN VESSEL IS LADEN ( 船舶)满载吃水LASH lighter aboard ship 子母船Lat.,lat. latitude 纬度lb(s) pound(s) 磅LBP LENGTH BETWEEN PERPENDICULARS (船舶)垂线间高LCL Less Than Container Load 拼箱货LCL LESS THAN CONTAINER LOAD (集装箱)拼箱货LD LIGHT DIESEL 轻柴油LDG leading 导航的,主要的LDT LIGHT DEADWEIGHT 轻载重吨leg. legal 法律上的,合法的LEL lower explosive limit 最低爆炸极限LFL lower flammable limit 最低燃烧极限lgt. long ton;long tons 长吨LH LOWER HOLD 底舱LHC Loading port Terminal Handling Charge 装港港口附加费liq. liquid 液体(的)Lkg/Bkg leakage & breakage 漏损与破损LLO Lift on / Lift off 上下车费LNG Liquefied natural gas 液化天然气LO/LO load on,load off 吊上吊下,吊装sub L/C subject to letter of credit being opened 按照开立的信用证sub licence subjectto licence being granted 按照批准的许可SUB-CHARTERER THIRD OWNER OF THE SAME VESSEL 再租人,三船东SUBLET TRANSFER THE CHARTERSHIP 转租SUBS SUBSTITUTE 代替SWAD SALT WATER ARRIVAL DRAFT 抵港海水吃水SWDFT SALT WATER DRAFT 海水吃水T.A. telegraphic address 电报挂号T.C .T. TIME CHARTER ON TRIP BASIS 航次期租船T.D. TWEENDECK 二层柜T.O.D. time of discharge 卸货时间T.O.R. time of receipt 收到时间T/C TIME CHARTER 期租T/T TURBINE TANKER OR TELEGRAPHIC TRANSFER 汽轮机油轮或电汇TACT the air cargo tariff(IATA) 空运货物费率TB TO BE 将要...TBL through bill of lading 联运提单TBLThrough Bill of Lading 全程提单TBN tobe named 待指定TBN TO BE NOMINATED 待派(船),待指定TC traffic conference area(IATA)TC TYPE CRANES 单杆吊(船舶吊杆类型)TCS TemperatureControl Surcharge 控温附加费TD time of departure 开航时间TD TYOE DERRICKS 双杆吊(船吊类型)TDC T-document fees 中转单证费TDO telegraph delivery order 电报交货单TDY TODAY 今天TEEM Trans-Europe-ExpresM s erchandises(rail service)横贯欧洲快运货物TEU TWENTY EQUIVALENT UNIT 20 标准集装箱TIB Temporary Importation Bond 临时进口保证金TIF internationaltransit by rail 国际铁路运输TIR Customs Convention on the intl transport of goods under cover of TIR carnets (intl road transport)TKS THANKS 感谢TL Total Loss 全损TLX TELEX 电传tnge Tonnage 吨位TOFC Trailer on board flatcar 平板车载运带拖车的集装箱TOT time of transmission 传递时间tot. total 总共TOW tier on weight 贸易条款TPI TON PER INCH 每一英寸载重吨TPNP THEFT,PILFERAGE AND NONDELIVERY 偷,盗和提货不着(险)TRC Terminal Receiving Charge 码头接运费TRS Transpacific Revenue SurchargeTWCS U.S. West-coast Congestion Surchage 美西疏港费u.c. usual conditions 通常情况下U.D. under deck 下层甲板U.DK. Upper deck 上层甲板U/w Underwriter 保险人ULCC ULTRA-LARGE CRUDE CARRIER 特大型油轮ULD unit load device(aircraft 成)组货载装置ULT ULTIMO,LAST MONTH 上月的UU UNLESS USED 除非使用V VOYAGE 航程,航次V.C. vessels convenience 方便船v.v. vice versa 反之亦然V/C VOYAGE CHARTER 程租船val. Value 价值VAT value added tax 增值税VEN Ventilated通风Ves. Vessels 船舶VIC Very ImportantCargo 非常重要货物VIO Very Important Object 非常重要目标VLBC VERY LARGE BULK CARRIER 大型散装船VLCC VERY LARGE CRUDE CARRIER 大型油轮VOCC Vessel Operating Common carrier 有船公共承运人W GROSS WEIGHT 毛重W.A. with average (Institute Cargo Clause) 承保单独海损,水渍险w.b.d. will be donew.c. with costs 付费的w.c.c.o.n. weather cleared customs or not 无论清关与否w.e.f. with effect from 通过有效形式W.P. WERTHER PERMITS 如果气候条件许可w.p.a. with particular average 担保单独海损W.R. Warehouse Receipt 仓库收据W.R.I. War Risk Insurance 战争险W/B Way-bill 运货单W/d working day 工作日W/M GROSS WIGHT OR MESUREMENT 按货物重量与体积分别计算,按高者收费W/O.w/o without 没有,不w/t weight tons 重量吨w/v weight/volume 重量或体积WA WITH PARTICULAR AVERAGE 水渍险wdt/wth width 宽度WG working group 工作小组whf wharfage 码头搬运费Whse Warehouse 仓库WIBON WHETHER IN BERTH OR NOT (船舶)不管靠泊与否WICCON WHETHER IN CUSTOMS CLEARANCE OR NOT (船舶)不管通关与否WIFPON WHETHER IN FREE PRATIQUE OR NOT (船舶)不管检疫与否WIPON WHETHER IN PORT OR NOT (船舶)不管抵港与否wk. Week 周,星期WOG WITHOUT GUARANTEE 没有保证WP weather permitting 天气许可的条件下WPA WITH PARTICULAR AVERAGE 水渍险WRITING WE(I) SHALL WRITE TO YOU ABOUT IT LATER 详情函告WRS War Risk Surcharge 战争风险附加费WT WEIGHT 重量wt. Weight 重量WTON WEIGHT TON 重量吨WTS WORKING TIME SAVED 节省的工作时间WTS Winter Surcharge 冬季附加费WTSBENDS WORKING TIME SAVED AT BOTH ENDS 装卸港均以节省的工作时间计算(速遣费)WW warehouse warrant 仓库栈单ww world-wide 世界性的WWD WEATHER WORKING DAY 晴天工作日WWDSHEX WEATHER WORKING DAY SUNDAYS,HOLIDAYS EXCEPTED 晴天工作日,星期日和节假日除外WWDSHING WEATHER WORKING DAY SUNDAYS,HOLIDAYS INCLUDED 晴天工作日,星期日和节假日包括在内x l & u l exclusive of loading and unloading 不包括装卸x pri without privileges无例外X,X. extra 额外的xp express paid 快递费付讫的YAS (Japanese)Yen Adjustment Surchae 日元币值调整附加费AIR DRAFT LENGTH BETWEEN WATER LEVEL AND VESSELS RAIL 水平面至船弦的高度Add-on .tari ff(also proportionarlate or arbitraryin US) 费率标记(在美国也指按比例或仲裁决定)BALTIME UNIFORM TIME CHARTER 统一定期租船合同,巴尔的摩期租合同BREAKDOWN AN ITEMIZED ACOUNT OF...ITEM BY ITEM 细目分类Bags/Bulk part in bags,partin bulk 货物部分袋装,部分散装without privileges无例外Foreign Trade 对外贸易Entrepot Trade ( F。
集装箱拖车运输英语Container trailer transportation, also known ascontainer trucking, is a crucial aspect of the logistics industry. It involves the movement of shipping containers from ports, rail yards, or distribution centers to theirfinal destination or vice versa. This mode oftransportation is essential for the efficient and cost-effective transfer of goods and materials.Container trailer transportation plays a significantrole in global trade, as it allows for the seamless movement of goods between different modes of transportation, such as ships, trains, and trucks. The use of specialized trailers designed to carry standard-sized containersensures that the cargo can be easily transferred between various transportation networks.In addition to its role in international trade, container trailer transportation is also vital for domestic logistics. It enables the smooth flow of goods within acountry, supporting industries, businesses, and consumers.From a logistical perspective, container trailer transportation presents several advantages. It allows forthe consolidation of cargo, reducing the number ofindividual shipments and overall transportation costs. Additionally, the use of standardized containers andtrailers streamlines the loading and unloading process, minimizing the time and labor required for handling goods.Efficiency, reliability, and safety are paramount in container trailer transportation. Companies involved inthis industry must adhere to strict regulations and standards to ensure the secure and timely delivery of goods. This includes proper maintenance of trailers, adherence to weight limits, and compliance with transportation laws.The future of container trailer transportation is also influenced by technological advancements. Innovations in tracking and communication systems, as well as the development of eco-friendly and fuel-efficient vehicles,are shaping the industry's evolution.In conclusion, container trailer transportation is a critical component of the global supply chain, facilitating the movement of goods across the world. Its impact on international trade, domestic logistics, and overall efficiency cannot be overstated. As the industry continues to evolve, it will be essential to embrace technological advancements and best practices to ensure the continued success of container trailer transportation.。
物流运输英文作文模板范文Title: Logistics and Transportation。
Logistics and transportation play a crucial role in the global economy, facilitating the movement of goods and services from one location to another. This complex and interconnected system involves the coordination of various modes of transportation, including air, sea, rail, and road, as well as storage and distribution facilities. In this article, we will explore the importance of logistics and transportation, the challenges they face, and the future trends in this industry.Importance of Logistics and Transportation。
Logistics and transportation are essential for businesses to operate efficiently and effectively. They enable the movement of raw materials, components, and finished products from suppliers to manufacturers, and from manufacturers to distributors and retailers. Without awell-functioning logistics and transportation system, businesses would struggle to meet customer demand and compete in the global marketplace.Furthermore, logistics and transportation are critical for international trade, as they facilitate the movement of goods across borders and between different countries. This is particularly important for industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, and retail, which rely on the timely and cost-effective transportation of goods to reach their customers.Challenges in Logistics and Transportation。
英语作文交通工具的变化The transformation of transportation systems over time is a striking testament to human ingenuity and technological progress. From the rudimentary means of movement in ancient times to the sophisticated vehicles that dominate our modern landscapes, this evolution has been profound and multidimensional, shaping societies, economies, and environments in myriad ways.In the dawn of civilization, humans relied on their own feet and domesticated animals for mobility. Horses, donkeys, and camels were essential in traversing vast distances, facilitating trade, and expanding empires. The invention of the wheel around 3500 BC marked a pivotal turning point, enabling the creation of carts, chariots, and wagons, significantly increasing load capacity and travel speed. However, these early modes of transport were limited by terrain, weather, and the endurance of both humans and beasts.The Industrial Revolution marked a quantum leap in transportation. Steam power, harnessed initially in locomotives and steamships, revolutionized long-distancetravel and cargo transport, connecting continents and fostering globalization. Concurrently, the bicycle emerged as an affordable and efficient personal transport option, empowering individuals and promoting health. The late 19th century witnessed the birth of the automobile and the airplane, powered by internal combustion engines, forever altering the pace and scope of human mobility. These innovations not only compressed time and space but also redefined urban planning, spawning the era of mass suburbanization and highway infrastructure.The latter half of the 20th century saw further advancements, including the advent of supersonic commercial flights, high-speed rail networks, and space shuttles, pushing the boundaries of speed and distance. Moreover, the introduction of electric and hybrid vehicles, driven by concerns over environmental sustainability and energy security, signaled a shift towards cleaner, greener transport. In recent years, autonomous vehicles and drones have emerged, promising unprecedented convenience, safety, and efficiency.This evolution has had profound socioeconomic implications. Enhanced mobility has stimulated economicgrowth by facilitating trade, resource extraction, and labor migration. It has fostered cultural exchange, promoting understanding and unity among diverse populations. However, it has also contributed to urban congestion, air pollution, climate change, and habitat fragmentation. Furthermore, unequal access to transportation can exacerbate social inequalities, as those without reliable transport may face barriers to education, employment, and healthcare.The environmental impact of transportation cannot be overstated. While early modes had minimal ecological footprints, the mass adoption of fossil fuel-powered vehicles has led to significant greenhouse gas emissions and local air pollution. The quest for sustainable alternatives, such as electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cells, and public transit systems, reflects a growing recognition of the need for eco-friendly transport solutions.Technological advancements have not only transformed the vehicles themselves but also the way we interact with them. Digital platforms now enable real-time route planning, ride-sharing, and vehicle tracking, enhancingconvenience and efficiency. Moreover, the integration of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and big data analytics promises to optimize traffic flow, reduce accidents, and personalize commuting experiences.In conclusion, the evolution of transportation is a multifaceted narrative of human progress, encompassing technological breakthroughs, societal transformations, and environmental challenges. As we continue to innovate, it is crucial that we strike a balance between enhancing mobility and mitigating its negative impacts, ensuring that our transportation systems serve as catalysts for sustainable development and equitable societies. By embracing cleaner technologies, promoting efficient infrastructure, and fostering inclusive access, we can chart a future where transportation propels us towards a more connected, prosperous, and environmentally responsible world.。
2022届高考英语一轮复习题型组合训练（Day14）今日训练内容：阅读理解5篇+完型填空1篇+书面表达2篇一、完形填空I’d just gotten out of hospital myself. Five days before my mother passed away, a tire of my car blew. I was going 50mph when I completely lost 1 ; my car crashed head-on into a concrete barrier. I should have been 2 but fortunatelyI survived. Physically I healed quickly, but the 3 injuries and fear of my own death stayed on. Soon even 4 activities, like driving a car or visiting my doctor, filled me with great fear. Eventually I fell into a state of 5 and stopped seeing frie nds. I even didn’t want to go anywhere and feel anything.Then, last February, I was 6 invited by my friends to go skiing in Colorado. My first response was to 7 . I didn’t want to get on a plane, fasten sticks on my feet or slide down a mountain. The mere thought of meeting new people 8 me. But I had a sense that this journey might be the brilliant sunlight I 9 needed.I finally agreed.The first day, I was 10 with Peter, an experienced coach. He sensed my fear, patiently removing it with a smile and jokes. I was absolutely terrified of 11 myself, but his gentle encouragement kept me going. Then he said something that made me nod in recognition, “Jill, fear 12 everything.” Peter was talking about skiing, about how your muscles 13 when you are afraid, often causing you to fall. And it’s particularly true in life as well. When you permit fear to prevent you from doing what you love, life stops. With Peter’s words in mind, I kept practicing.By the end of the day, I’d improved enough to fly down hills that had scared me, a bright smile on my face and tears in my eyes. Tears were not from the cold but from 14 . I’d faced my fears on the mountain, and I knew 15 the rest wouldn’t be far behind.1．A．sense B．sight C．memory D．control 2．A．injured B．relaxed C．killed D．frightened 3．A．hurtful B．emotional C．severe D．bodily4．A．basic B．special C．personal D．meaningful 5．A．dullness B．thrill C．anxiety D．embarrassment 6．A．unwillingly B．intentionally C．occasionally D．frequently 7．A．escape B．consider C．accept D．decline 8．A．puzzled B．delighted C．tired D．surprised 9．A．accurately B．desperately C．reluctantly D．eventually 10．A．paired B．familiar C．bored D．angry 11．A．losing B．changing C．disappointing D．hurting 12．A．scares B．stops C．follows D．conquers 13．A．tense up B．give up C．wake up D．turn up 14．A．thankfulness B．bitterness C．excitement D．argument 15．A．embracing B．quitting C．challenging D．overcoming二、阅读理解AHandcrafted by the experts at Reader Offers Ld, we are delighted to present the Bestselling All-Inclusive Snow Monkeys & Japan Discovery.Day 1-Day 2 Fly from London to Tokyo, JapanDay 3 Tokyo, JapanAfter breakfast, you will begin with a visit to Senso-ji Temple, Tokyo's oldest temple, followed by a wander down Nakamise Shopping Street, a street with traditional snacks and souvenirs. Next, you will participate in a Sushi making class where you'll enjoy your own creations for lunch. Spend the afternoon exploring the streets of Ginza, famous for its boutique shopping and high-tech electronics (B, L) Day 4 Tokyo - Nagano- Yudanaka, Japan★Snow Monkeys*Today, transfer to Nagano. Your first stop will be the 7th century Zenko-ji temple, before lunch at a local restaurant. Continue to Jigokudani Monkey Park home of the famous Japanese Snow Monkeys. Accustomed to humans, the monkeys can be observed from very close and almost completely ignore their human guests. After this amazing experience, transfer to your Ryokan in Yudanaka where you will enjoy a Onsen hot spring bath and a traditional Japanese dinner (B, L D)Day 5 Yuanaka - Mt Fuji - Tokyo, JapanAfter a traditional Japanese breakfast, visit Mt Fuji, where your first stop will be Oishi Park, which offers great views (weather dependent). In case of bad weather, you will visit the Mt Fuji Heritage Centre instead. You will then be transferred back to Tokyo to spend the rest of the evening at leisure (B, L)Day 6 Tokyo, JapanTransfer to Yokohama port and embark (登船) the ship for your 12 night al-inclusive cruise of Japan.Day 7-Day 19 cruise on boar…P.S. Meals are included on the tour as stated: B = Breakfast, L= Lunch, D = Dinner. All meals are included on the cruiseYour room fares are: £4229 for Interior Room (3599 for Reader Offers)£5449 for Ocean View Room (£4549 for Reader Offers)Book by 8:00pm 25th April2021 and you will receive a discount of£675 per booking only when booking with Reader Offers.What else is included in your Reader Offers:-All-Inclusive Classic Dinks Package worth＄1,416-EXCLUSIVE to members: free room upgrade16．What activity is scheduled on Day 4?A．You will have a Sushi making class for lunch. B．You will have a close contact with the monkeys.C．You will board the ship directly in Yudanaka. D．You will have great views in Qishi Park.17．How much do you pay for an Interior Room on 18th April 2021 with Reader Offers? A．£3624B．£2924C．£3874D．£447418．Which of the following is included in Reader Offers?A．Stream Wifi. B．The dinner of Day 3 in Tokyo. C．Stateroom upgrades for free. D．Spending money of shopping in TokyoBThere are breathing robots versed in “thousands of years of Buddhist breathing techniques” that claim to soothe you to sleep. Then there are weighted blankets that press around 10% of your body weight down as you take a nap. And there are apps, such as supermodel Natalia Vodianova's Loona, designed to create a "sleepscape" by combining visual and aural storytelling with relaxation-based activities such as colouring in. These are just some of the products at the heart of the “sleep aid revolution”.Sleep occupies almost as much of the national conversation as weather—how much, when, how deep it is—and we are more than prepared to spend our money on more, and better, shut-eye.In the past 12 months, sales of sleep-related products have soared. At John Lewis, silk pillowcase sales have increased by 533%. At weighted blankets company Mela, sales are up by 250%, while at Holland & Barrett sales of products in the sleep and relaxation category have grown by over 30% year-on-year.“ sleep” is the third most common unique search term for visitors to Neal's Yard Remedies' site.But there are some dissenting voices. "The sleep-aid industry steps in, with claims that we're not sleeping because it's time for a new mattress, and offers us products to enable sleep," says Darian Leader, author of Why Can't We Sleep?“However," he points out, “what we are seeing is a depoliticizing of sleep - ignore the socio-economic burdens and internal pain that people face and see lack of sleep as a separate problem with a 'separate solution'."The growing interest isn't limited to those suffering from diagnosable sleep issues—sleep has become a pillar of the wellness market and tracking it has become another symptom of the rise of the quantified self, a movement that sees people tracking their every step.Sleep expert Dr. Neil Stanley distrusts the market: “It is a trick to scare everybody because nobody's going to make any money if you just go around saying 'it's common sense, you know how to sleep' .”While rebutting any scientific evidence for many of the products, he admits that anything—a silk pillowcase, camomile tea, yoga or listening to Pink Floyd really loudly - could, in theory, help.But, he says, many are overlooking the simple things. "You need three things for a good night's sleep: a bedroom that's comfortable, a relaxed body and a quiet mind ... you need to make space in your life for sleep.”19．What does the underlined word “dissenting” probably mean?A．Approving B．Opposed C．Indifferent D．Pessimistic 20．What message does Darian Leader intend to convey in Paragraph 4?A．A sleep problem is mainly caused by lack of a good mattress.B．Social and psychological factors should be taken into account.C．Social and psychological factors are more important than the physical setting. D．Manufacturers trick people into buying those sleep-related products.21．What can we infer from the passage?A．Sleep-related products meet a mixed reception among customers.B．Only people with sleep problems need sleep-related products.C．There is a trend that more people monitor their sleep situation.D．Darian and Dr. Neil hold contradictory opinions towards sleep-related products. 22．Why does Dr. Neil Stanley say the words in the last paragraph?A．To give a warning. B．to provide a comment.C．To express a concern. D．To make a suggestion.CFor many of us, summertime means road trips to the beach or mountains, or at the very least some additional dust and bird poop on the exterior of our vehicles. The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash. But which choice is better for the environment?The main concerns with either choice are the amount of fresh water being used and the types of chemicals used to remove the dirt. Both of these concerns can be closely monitored when washing the car at home, says Katy Gresh, spokeswoman for theSouthwest Region of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. She advises car owners to put aside a set amount of water for the en tire wash. “It’s just like brushing your teeth, ”she says. “You don’t want to leave the water running or use more than you need for the job.” But even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the driveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.John Schombert is executive director of 3 Rivers Wet Weather. His organization works to educate the public about storm sewers(下水道)and water runoff, keeping this untreated water from entering the Allegheny region’s waterways. “We ask people to consider washing their cars on lawns or other permeable(透水的)surfaces where the water gets absorbed, ” Schombert says. “Soil can break down and help filter(过滤)those things,” Schombert says. “Storm sewers are not made for waste disposal.” Even when car owners use natural soaps to wash their cars, which Schombert says are probably ineffective at breaking down grease anyway.The commercial car wash down the street knows full well the rules regarding waste water in storm sewers. According to the International Carwash Association(ICA), professional car washes must use water reclamation systems. These mandated processes not only keep the dirty water out of storm sewers and regular water treatment systems, but they also work to reduce water usage at commercial facilities.23．What does the underlined word probably mean in the first paragraph?A．top B．bottomC．inside D．outside24．What worries people when they have their cars washed?A．The dirt cannot be removed easily.B．Large quantities of water are wasted.C．The washing ways do no good to their cars.D．D The used chemicals are harmless to the environment.25．What’s the disadvantage of washing cars at home?A．It is not easy to deal with.B．It cannot clean the dirt completely.C．It consumes a larger amount of water.D．It does much damage to the environment.26．What can be the best title of the text?A．Do You Put Car washing at Risk?B．Which Is Better: Car Wash or DIY?C．Why Dishwashers Are Better than Hand Washing?D．Do Americans Use Less Water than They Did Years Ago?DWe are not who we think we are.The American self-image is spread with the golden glow of opportunity. We think of the United States as a land of unlimited possibility, not so much a classless society but as a place where class is mutable—a place where brains, energy and ambition are what count, not the circumstances of one’s birth.The Economic Mobility Project, an ambitious research led by Pew Charitable Trusts, looked at the economic fortunes of a large group of families over time, comparing the income of parents in the late 1960s with the income of their children in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Here is the finding: The “rags to riches” story is much more common in Hollywood than on Main Street. Only 6 percent of children born to parents with family income at the very bottom move to the top.That is right, just 6 percent of children born to parents who ranked in the bottom of the study sample, in terms of income, were able to bootstrap their way into the top. Meanwhile, an incredible 42 percent of children born into that lowest are still stuck at the bottom, having been unable to climb a single rung of the income ladder.It is noted that even in Britain—a nation we think of as burdened with a hidebound (守旧的) class system—children who are born poor have a better chance of moving up. When the studies were released, most reporters focused on the finding that African-Americans born to middle-class or upper middle-class families are earning slightly less, in inflation-adjusted dollars, than did their parents.One of the studies indicates, in fact, that most of the financial gains white families have made in the past three decades can be attributed to the entry of white women into the labor force. This is much less true for African-Americans.The picture that emerges from all the correlations and percentages is of a nation in which, over all, “the current generation of adults is better off than the previous one”, as one of the studies notes.The median income of the families in the sample group was $55,600 in the late 1960s; their children’s median family income was measured at $71,900. However, this rising ride has not lifted all boats equally. The rich have seen far greater income gains than the poor.Even more troubling is that our nation of America as the land of opportunity gets little supper: from the data. Americans move fairly easily up and down the middle rungs of the ladder, but there is “stickiness at the end”—four out of ten children who are born poor will remain poor, and four out of ten who are born rich will stay rich.27．What did the Economic Mobility Project find in its research?A．Children from low-income families are unable to bootstrap their way to the top.B．Hollywood actors and actresses are upwardly mobile from rags to riches. C．The rags to riches story is more fiction than reality.D．The rags to riches story is only true for a small minority of whites.28．It can be inferred from the writer that America, as a classless society, should ________.A．perfect its self-image as a land of opportunityB．have a higher level of upward mobility than BritainC．enable African-Americans to have exclusive access to well-paid employment D．encourage the current generation to work as hard as the previous generation 29．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A．The US is a land where brains, energy and ambition are what count. B．Inequality persists between whites and blacks in financial gains.C．Middle-class families earn slightly less with inflation considered. D．Children in lowest-income families manage to climb a single rung of the ladder. 30．What might be the best title for this passage?A．Social Upward Mobility in America B．Incredible Income Gains in America C．America: Land of Unequal Wealth D．America: Not Land of Opportunity for all三、七选五阅读Some futurologists have assumed that the vast increase of women in the workforce may portend (预示) a rejection of marriage. 31． In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man mattered in the marriage decision. Now,however, things are quite different.32． Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divo rce is actually as much as its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage.But what is on the contrary is equally reasonable. 33． Given high unemployment and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can relieve some of the household urgent financial burdens, thus strengthening her family’s financial and emotional stability.Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. 34． On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment or self-satisfaction through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.Another fact contributes to women’s inequality in marriage lies in the fact that in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family. 35．In conclusion, whatever is said, the impact of the growing female workforce on marriage actually varies from case to case, a stronger equal partnership or some new insecurities.A．The opposite of this concern could encourage marriages.B．She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce.C．A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house.D．Many women, according to this assumption, would rather work than marryE.As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rise.F.The increase in divorce rates is due to the increase in female workforce.G.Tensions caused by financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage.四、书面表达假如你是李华，你校的图书馆正准备进行改造优化，现向全校师生征求改造建议。
关于步战车的英语作文Title: The Evolution of Armored Vehicles。
Armored vehicles, also known as tanks, have played a crucial role in modern warfare since their inception. Over the years, these machines have undergone significant evolution, transforming from simple, lumbering vehicles to sophisticated weapons of war. In this essay, we'll explore the fascinating history and evolution of armored vehicles, highlighting their impact on military tactics and strategy.Early Beginnings:The concept of armored vehicles can be traced back to ancient times when siege engines were used to breach fortified walls. However, it wasn't until the early 20th century that armored vehicles in the form of tanks emerged. The British Mark I tank, developed during World War I, was the first practical armored vehicle to see widespread use on the battlefield. It featured thick steel armor andcaterpillar tracks, which allowed it to traverse rough terrain and withstand enemy fire.World War II:World War II saw a significant advancement in armored vehicle technology. Tanks became faster, more maneuverable, and better armed. The German Panzer tanks, such as the Panzer IV and Tiger I, were particularly formidable, boasting powerful guns and heavy armor. These tanks played a crucial role in blitzkrieg tactics, allowing German forces to swiftly conquer vast territories.Cold War Era:The Cold War era saw further advancements in armored vehicle design as the United States and the Soviet Union competed for military superiority. Tanks like the American M60 Patton and the Soviet T-72 became icons of this era, with both sides continuously upgrading their armor, firepower, and mobility. The development of main battle tanks, which combined the roles of heavy and medium tanks,became a hallmark of this period.Modern Era:In the modern era, armored vehicles have continued to evolve with advances in technology. Tanks such as the American M1 Abrams and the Russian T-90 exemplify the pinnacle of armored warfare, featuring composite armor, advanced targeting systems, and powerful turbine engines. These tanks are highly versatile, capable of engaging enemy forces on various terrains and in different combat scenarios.Future Trends:Looking ahead, the future of armored vehicles is likely to be shaped by advancements in robotics, artificial intelligence, and unmanned systems. Concepts such as autonomous tanks and swarms of unmanned vehicles could revolutionize the way armored warfare is conducted, reducing the risk to human operators and enabling moreagile and decentralized tactics.Conclusion:In conclusion, armored vehicles have come a long way since their humble beginnings in World War I. From lumbering behemoths to agile and lethal machines, tanks have continuously evolved to meet the challenges of modern warfare. As we look to the future, the evolution of armored vehicles is set to continue, driven by innovation and the ever-changing nature of conflict.。
