初中英语语法-句子的种类按照英语句子的使用目的和用途，句子可分为四类：陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。
陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。
疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
图解语法1. 陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法，陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句特别提示：肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时，如句中有already，some，something，somebody等词，须分别改成yet，any，anything，anybody等。
另外，也要注意，too改成either，both改成neither，all改成none等。
2. 疑问句3. 常用的特殊疑问句4. 特殊的反意疑问句①主句是祈使句时，“will you?”意为“请求”，“won’t you?”表示提醒对方注意。
例句：Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you?Don’t be late again, will you?②感叹句后的反意疑问，用一般现在时态的否定形式例句：What fine weather, isn’t it?How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she?③陈述部分是“I am …”时，用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?”例句：I'm working now, aren’t I?④陈述部分主语是everything，nothing，anything或something 时，疑问句主语用it例句：Something is wrong with my radio, isn’t it?Nothing is difficult, is it?⑤陈述部分的主语是somebody， nobody， everybody， anybody， no one，none， neither 时，疑问句的主语用theyEveryone is here， aren’t they?No one knows about it， do they?⑥陈述部分的主语是：1) this或that时，问句的主语用it2) these或those时，问句主语用they3) there be句时，反意疑问句中用there例句：This is a plane, isn’t it?These are grapes, aren’t they?There was a hospital here, wasn’t there?⑦陈述部分的主语是one时，问句的主语可用one，也可用you (美语用he)例句：One should be ready to help others, shouldn’t one?⑧陈述句中有few， seldom， never hardly，not，rarely，no，nobody，too…to等时，疑问句部分用肯定结构；如由前后缀构成否定词，疑问句部分仍用否定结构例句：He is never late for school, is he?You got nothing from him, did you?It is useless, isn’t it?⑨陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，疑问句的主语用it例句：What you need is more important， isn’t it?⑩陈述部分由think， believe， suppose， imagine等引导的宾语从句：1) 主语是第一人称时，问句与从句的主谓语一致2) 主语是其他人称，问句与主句的主谓语一致例句：I think he will come, won’t he?I don’t think he can pass the exam, can he?He believed you had seen her before, didn’t he?? have是实义动词时，疑问句用助动词do，does，did；have 是助动词，则不然They had a meeting just now, didn’t they?She’s been to many places of interest, hasn’t she?? 陈述部分有have /has /had to 时，疑问句要用助动词的否定形式例句：You have to water the vegetables now, don’t you?? 陈述部分有had better时，疑问句中用hadn’t刘局：We had better go to school at once, hadn’t we?? 陈述部分有must：1) 作“一定;必须”解释时，疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t;2) 表示推测，作“一定是;必定”解释时，疑问句需根据其后的动词原形选用相应的形式;3) 对过去动作推测时，问句的助动词用did或have;4) 对过去的状态推测时，问句的be用was例句：He must work hard at physics, mustn’t he?You must go to Guangzhou, needn’t you?You mustn’t smoke here, must you?Tom must be at home, isn’t he?She must have finished her work, hasn’t/didn’t she?He must have been a policeman, wasn’t he?? 陈述部分有ought to，used to，疑问句要用 shouldn’t，usedn’t / didn’t例句：Jill used to be a teacher, usedn’t / didn’t she?? 陈述句部分是复合句时，疑问句的主语和助动词要与主句一致例句：He was reading when the teacher came in, wasn’t he?特别提示：反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定问句”时，如回答内容是肯定的，用“Yes+肯定结构”，反之，用“No+否定结构”。
