八年级下册Unit3课文讲解+知识点+练习(可编辑修改word版)

Unit 3. Could you please clean your room?一、短语动词1、take out 带出去；取出；拔出；除掉动副词组代词作宾语时必定放在两词之间。

2、come over 固定短语过来，顺便来访，拜会。

后边加介词to，后接表示地址的名词作宾语。

拓展： take out of把---从---取出 /带出3、hang→hung→hung hang out闲逛；漫步。

4、throw down扔下；随手扔掉其中 throw 可用作及物或不及物动词，意为扔，掷→threw →thrown拓展： throw at 向----扔去〔带有攻击性〕 throw to 扔给 ---〔不含恶意〕 throw away 扔掉SectionB1、take care of照料；照料。

相当于look after 后可接名词、 (反身〕代词作宾语。

Take good care of 相当于 look after well2、二、动词用法1、finish 及物动词完成后跟名词、代词或动词ing 形式作宾语。

拓展：与 finish 同样用法的动词或动词短语有： enjoy/look forwardto/mind/have fun/practice/be busy/consider/feel like/give up2、pass 用作及物动词给；递；pass sb sth =pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人。

走过、经过〔考试等〕作不及物动词，〔时间〕过去，流逝3、borrow sth from sb向某人借某物。

非连续性动词Lend(lent;lent) sb sth=lend sth to sb借给某人某物。

非连续性动词Keep 由“保存〞引申为“借〞，连续性动词，可与时间段连用。

四川 -----Excuse me,can I_____your pen?-----sorry,I have_____it to Bob.A.borrow;lendB.borrow;borrowedC.lend;borrowedD.lend;lent4、hate 及物动词厌恶；讨厌，表示一种感情或心理状态，不能够用于进行时态。

Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?一. 重点词汇：UFO, bathroom, bedroom, kitchen, land, shirt, while, experience, around, strange, follow, kid, climb, jump, shout, cat, anywhere, happen, accident, plane, modern, kill, murder, bright, playground, bell, close, silence, meaning, earth, hero二. 重点短语：in front of, get out of, talk on the phone, take off, be surprised, at the train station, run away, in hospital, at the doctor’s, walk around, call one’s name三. 重点句型：1. What were you doing when the UFO arrived? I was standing in front of the library.2. The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO arrived.3. Where were you when the UFO arrived? I was in my bedroom.四. 语法重点：1. 过去进行时。

2. 掌握以when和while引导的时间状语从句。

五. 课文重点、难点讲解：1. What were you doing when the UFO arrived?I was standing in front of the library.（1）in front of … 在……前面，当……的面in the front of … 在……的前部（2）过去进行时：表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作。

Unit3 could you please clean your room?本单元语法用could 提出请求和征求许可1.用could 提出请求:常见的结构是“Could you(please)do sth?”,意为“(请)你做某事，好吗?”，是一种比较客气、有礼貌地提出请求的方式。

如果同意对方的请求,可以用“OK.”或“No problem.”等来回答：如果不同意对方的请求，可以用“Sorry，I can't.”等来回答，并以委婉的方式来解释原因。

—Could you please open the door?请你把门打开，好吗?—Sure.当然可以。

Could you please sweep the floor?请你扫一下地，好吗？---Could you take the dog for a walk?请你遛一下狗，好吗？---Sorry, I can’t. I have too much homework to do.很抱歉，我不能。

我还有很多的家庭作业要做。

2.用could征求许可:常见的结构是“Could I do sth?”,意为“我能/可以做某事吗?”。

它的肯定回答和否定回答都不用could,习惯上肯定回答用may, can等,而否定回答用can't 或mustn't(语气重),有时也可避而不用。

—Could I smoke here?我可以在这里吸烟吗?—No, you can't, Look at the sign “No Smoking”!不，你不能。

看那个“禁止吸烟”的牌子！配套练习1.—Mom, could I surf the Internet after finishing my homework?—_______. You’d better go out for a walk.A. Go ahead(开始做)B. Sorry, you can'tC. Of course you can2.—Mom. Could I finish_______ the football match?—No, you have to do your homework first.A. watchB. to watchC. watchingD. to watching3.—Helen, could you please water the flowers in my garden?—_______ . They are so lovely.A. That's too badB. With pleasureC. You're welcomeD. I'm afraid not课文重点知识讲解1.掌握下列短语do the dishes洗餐具sweep the floor扫地take out the rubbish倒垃圾make the bed整理床铺fold the clothes叠衣服clean the living room打扫卧室用Could you please do sth？请你做某事，好吗？造句练习请你洗餐具，好吗？___________________________________________________________?请你倒一下垃圾，好吗？_________________________________________________________?请你整理一下床铺，好吗？_______________________________________________________?请你洗洗餐具，好吗？___________________________________________________________?请你把衣服叠一下，好吗？______________________________________________________?请你打扫一下卧室，好吗？______________________________________________________?out for dinner出去吃饭我可以出去吃饭吗？（could I……）________________________________________________ go to the movies去看电影今天晚上我可以和戴尔去看电影吗？______________________________________________ stay out late待在外面很晚妈妈不让我带在外面很晚。

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Unit 3 Could you please clean your room？Section A1.Few， a few， little， a littleFew 几乎没有 +可数名词复数 There are few people in the room。

Little 几乎没有 + 不可数名词 There was little rain all winter。

A few 少数，几个 + 可数名词复数 He left his house a few minutes ago。

A little 一点，少许 + 不可数名词 Could you give me a little milk？【例】The girl in purple is new here, so ______ people know her。

A。

few B。

a few C。

little D。

a little2。

solve vt. 解答，解决Few students can solve the physics problem.problem 指客观存在的等待解决的“问题”，着重困难；e。

g。

: The students are working on a math problem.question 指对某事怀疑因而提出等待回答的“问题”，着重疑惑和不能断定e。

人教版初二八年级(下)英语第三单元Unit3知识点+习题234512. “I’m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“对不起，妈妈。

我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。

” 我回答说。

【解析1】need v. _______★用于肯定句，是实义动词。

(1)人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done① Students need _________(have) a good rest in studying.② The watch needs ________ (mend).★用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)needn’t = _______________没有必要(2)need, must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t— Must I go there now?— Yes，you must/ No, you needn’t.【解析2】share ________share sth with sb. _______________13.C ould I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】hang out ________14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass⑴v 给；递pass sb.sth ________________pass on ________⑵ v 通过；路过I pass your home.⑶ v 通过（考试）Tom can pass his math exam.15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？【辨析】borrow /lend /keep6【记】I want to ________ a bike from my friend but he didn’t ________ it to me, because Tom had ________ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。

人教版初二八年级(下)英语第三单元Unit3知识点+习题234in hospital________________in the hospital________________【解析2】come over ______【拓展】come 短语：come back __________ come up with__________come true__________ come from=be from来自，出生于come in__________ come on__________ come out__________7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！all the time = __________ __________8. I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！【解析】as...as ... __________9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。

【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语：“_______________”neither_________neither …nor… _____________________原则：连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim ____ (be) a student.10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。

【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语【注】find →_______→_______ v. 寻找(1) find sb. doing sth _______________(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很……如：I find it difficult/ hard to learn Spanish.11. She asked in surprise. 她吃惊地问道。

Unit 3一、词形扩展1.sweep v.扫；打扫→(过去式&过去分词）2.throw v. 扔;掷→(过去式)→(过去分词)3.lend v.借给;借出(过去式&过去分词）4.hate v.厌恶→(过去式&过去分词)5.stress n.精神压力;心理负担→adj.有压力的;焦虑不安的6. waste v.& n. 浪费;滥用→(过去式&过去分词）7. provide v.提供;供应→(过去式&过去分词）8. develop v.发展;壮大→adj.发达的→adj.发展中的→ n.发展;发育;成长9. depend v.依靠;信赖→ n. 依靠;依赖→adj.依靠的;依赖的→adj.独立的;自主的→ n. 独立10. fair adj.合理的;公正的→n.公正性;合理性→adj.不合理的;不公正的11. drop v.落下;掉下→(过去式&过去分词）12. ill adj.有病;不舒服→ n.疾病13.neighbor n. 邻居→ n.街区;街坊二、短语归纳1. have no idea how to take care of himself 不知道怎样照料自己2. grades dropped 成绩下降3. something to drink 喝的东西4. finish doing sth. 完成做某事5. mind (not) doing sth. 介意(不) 做某事6. welcome sb. 欢迎某人7. invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某处8. be angry with sb. 对某人生气9. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事10. It’s adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 对于某人来说，做某事时…11. there is no need for somebody to do something 对于某人来说没必要做…12. provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物三、知识点汇总1.imagine v想象，设想2.open.close,closed的用法和区别3.carry, bring,take与get的区别和用法4.双重所有格5.feel + adj to do : 做某事感觉怎么样6.kind, kindly, kindness的区别7.以ness结尾的单词一般是名词8.Could you please do.....? 你能.......吗？9.Could I do...? 我能.......吗？10.表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语，被看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；11.welcome的用法:12.the minute: 一.....就......(=as soon as)13.“我也是，我也不”的表达详解版1.imagine v想象，设想imagine to do：想着去做某事。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? Section A1. Few, a few, little, a littleFew 几乎没有+可数名词复数There are few people in the room. Little 几乎没有+ 不可数名词There was little rain all winter.A few 少数，几个+ 可数名词复数He left his house a few minutes ago.A little 一点，少许+ 不可数名词Could you give me a little milk?【例】The girl in purple is new here, so ______ people know her.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little2. solve vt. 解答，解决Few students can solve the physics problem.problem 指客观存在的等待解决的“问题”，着重困难；e.g.: The students are working on a math problem.question 指对某事怀疑因而提出等待回答的“问题”，着重疑惑和不能断定e.g.: The students are asking the teacher some questions.3. For one week, she didn’t do any housework and neither did I.“neither + be动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语”表示“也不”。

e.g.: He doesn’t like swimming and neither do I.知识扩展：neither作代词，意为“（两者）都不”e.g.: Neither of my parents is at home.neither作形容词，与名词单数连用，意为“（两者）都不的”e.g.: Neither answer is right.neither… nor…意为“既不……也不……”e.g.: The room is neither big nor bright.典型例题：I can’t play the piano, and ______.A. neither can my sisterB. my sister can’t, too.C. so can’t my sisterD. can my sister, either4. Finally, I could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.or 连词意为“也不”，表示并列关系，常用于否定句，连接并列的词或短语。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?话题：教课目的：重难点：神态动词could 的用法要点句型： There is no need for to关于而言是没有必需的It is not enough to做是不够的The+比较级， the+比较级越越知识点：1.神态动词 could 的用法○1could为can的过去式，表示“过去的能力”它指引的一般疑问句的一定回答和否认回答都是 could.Could you play basketball when your were 5 years old?当你 5 岁时，你会打篮球吗？Yes, I could. No, I couldn ’t.○2Could you?/Could you please ? 麻烦你好吗？Li Lei, could you please help me?Could you come here soon?Could you please close the door?○3关于这类恳求的一定回答和否认回答的常用语一定回答常用语：Certainly./ Of course./With pleasure./No problem.否认回答常用语：Certainly not. /No, I ’m afraid I can ’t.○4表示恳求允许Could I? 我能够吗？Could I come in?我能够进来吗？对方回答时不可以用could，要用 can.Could I use your bicycle?Yes, you can.2.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾动副词构造中，名词作宾语，可放在中间或后边，代词作宾语，只好放中间。

rubbish 不行数名词rubbish体积小，破裂的，没实用的废物garbage厨房抛弃的节余物waste指任何被遗弃的东西或浪费的东西3.fold v. 折叠，对折He folded the letter and threw it into the rubbish bin. Could you please take out the rubbish?garbage collectionThere is much too waste in this house.他将信函叠起来扔进了垃圾箱里。