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2024高考英语语法知识点归纳总结动词的时态和语态
动词的时态：
1.一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性、普遍性、客观真理等情况。
2.现在进行时：表示现阶段正在进行的动作或正在进行的状态。
3.一般过去时：表示过去一些时间点或一段时间内发生的动作或存在
的状态。
4.过去进行时：表示过去其中一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。
5.现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或仍然存在的
情况。
6.过去完成时：表示过去一些时间点或时间段之前已经发生的动作。
7.将来时：表示将来一些时间点或时间段内将要发生的动作或存在的
状态。
动词的语态：
1.主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者或主体。
2.被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者，且强调动作对主体的影响。
需要注意的是，动词的时态和语态的变化通常是通过助动词来实现的。
如一般现在时使用do/does，现在进行时使用be动词+现在分词，现在完
成时使用have/has等。
此外，有些动词的时态和语态形式不规则，需要
进行记忆和熟练应用。
第二部分语法知识贯通专题一动词的时态、语态和主谓一致题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.[2021四省八校开学考,62]A century ago, when night-time (fall), the dark arrived. Things are different today.2.[2021某某威海期中,37]Friendship is one of life’s greatest gifts,and it (value)in both Eastern and Western cultures.3.[2021某某五市十校联考,63]Nine spacecrafts (send) to study Jupiter by now.4.[2021某某区期中,18]If one person breaks the rules, more people (follow) him and do what they want.5.[2021某某某某质量监测, 67]China launched a campaign against food waste in 2013 and (renew) the call early this year to create an increasingly prosperous society.6.[2021某某某某一诊, 64]With the last satellite launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June 23, the global network of 59 satellites (plete) since then.7.[2021某某部分重点中学联考, 61]It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows which represent the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he (paint), rather than what he was actually seeing.8.[2021某某师大附中期中,28]The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning,but conflicts finally(arise)and led to the Indian War(1866-1890).9.[2021某某某某摸底考试, 65]Like Chinese music, African music is very rhythmic —each instrument (tell) its own story, makes you a part of it and takes you on a different journey.10.[2021某某某某统一考试, 68]Xin Xing (a female panda), born in Sichuan Province in 1982, (rescue) in the wild and sent to Chongqing Zoo in 1983.11.[2021某某五校联考, 63]Casey told the rescuers that he (hang)out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his "friend".12.[2021某某某某期中,37]In the past many years, the giant panda (drive)out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other development.13.[2021某某潍坊阶段性监测, 56]I was also a co-founder of the website Mother Nature Network, which(integrate) into Treehugger the other day.14.[2021某某部分学校第一次考试,68]"An Miao"(meaning seedling protection) is a traditional farming activity of southern Anhui province that (practice)since the early Ming dynasty(1368-1644).15.[2020某某八校第一次联考,62]Children younger than 12 (allow) only to play the game for a maximum of one hour a day, and after 9 pm, they would be banned from logging on(登录),said Tencent.16.[2020某某某某重点中学段考,62]Power walking offers many benefits. Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph(burn) around 300 calories per hour.17.[2020某某某某期中调研,33]Now China (push) for a larger role in global economic policy-making.18.[2020某某省实验中学阶段性检测,43]This was the first time George (feel) accepted by the people around him.B单句改错19.[2021某某省某某市一调]I have learned that volunteers for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games is needed.20.[2021某某名校第二次联考]In the following weeks, as we promised, my parents went to work by bus, and I go to school on foot every day.21.[2021皖江名校联考]The US has fell to the 28th place in the latest report measuring social progress worldwide.22.[2021湘豫名校联考]But I really doubt whether such classes will helpful.23.[2021某某某某九中考试]Remember that all work and no play make Jack a dull boy.24.[2021某某某某一中考试]As is often read in the newspaper, wildlife, especially the rare species, is threatening with extinction.25.[2021某某江淮十校二测]I once take part in an activity organized by the local munity to offer help to some homeless people.26.[2021某某某某考试]Those photos were presented our school and family life, the beauty of nature and so on.27.[2020某某五校协作体联考]Last term our class hold a meaningful activity which required us to form a good habit in 100 days.28.[2020某某某某一诊]As the famous saying goes,"He who has never been to the Great Wall not a true man."29.[2020某某某某考试]The situation is even worse in the least developed countries —only one tenth of the people has regular access to the Internet.30.[2020某某某某七校联考]Then I thought of the taxi booking app my friend has remended and I booked a taxi through my cellphone.题组2 精选真题A单句填空1.[2020全国Ι,67 & 68]"This really excites scientists,"Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, "because it (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon (construct)."2.[2020全国Ш,63]The artist was sure he would(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.3.[2020某某,59]And, as more children were born, more food (need).4.[2020,4]Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they (throw) away.5.[2020某某,26]Instead of getting down to a new task as I(expect), he examined the previous work again.6.[2020某某,2]—You are a great swimmer.—Thanks. It’s because I (practise)a lot these days.7.[2019某某,62]One study in America found that students’grades (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.8.[2019,1]On the first day of my first grade...I (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, "How will I make friends?"9.[2019某某,33]They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals(install)by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.10.[2019某某,22]The musician along with his band members(give)ten performances in the last three months.11.[2019某某,8]Amy, as well as her brothers, (give)a warm wele when returning to the village last week.12.[2018全国Ι,64]While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life...13.[2018全国Ш,69]When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just... True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me no real harm.14.[2018,7]China’s high-speed railways (grow)from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.15.[2018某某,31]Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be ing each other, for we(develop)more convenient electronic munication tools by then.16.[2018,9]A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days.17.[2018某某,13]My washing machine(repair)this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.18.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),68]Later, engineers (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.19.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),43]Sarah (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.20.[2017某某,62]Pahlsson and her husband (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing.21.[2017,33]People have better access to health care than they used to, and they (live) longer now as a result.22.[2017乙卷(全国Ι),64]When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.23.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),65]Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages...24.[2017,29]In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones(invent) yet.25.[2017某某,27]He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he(follow).26.[2017某某,6]Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.27.[2017某某,24]The publication of GreatExpectations, which (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’status as a leading novelist. 28.[2016某某,9]Silk (bee) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.29.[2016乙卷(全国Ι),62]So it was a great honour...I (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.30.[2016,30]The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward) with success in the end.31.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),62]Truly elegant chopsticks might(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.32.[2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ),63]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.33.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),69]Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and (be) too violent for use at the table.B单句改错34.[2019全国Ⅱ改错]One was that... And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.35.[2019全国Ш改错]Now my dream is to...Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts.36.[2018全国Ι改错]During my last winter holiday, I went...I find a big change there.37.[2018全国Ш改错]The classroom is a place for learning and that include learningfrom textbooks, and mistakes as well.38.[2017乙卷(全国Ι)改错]... once I started the car, my mind goes blank.39.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!40.[2017丙卷(全国Ш)改错]I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.41.[2017丙卷(全国Ш)改错]About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and bee a new member of the school music club.42.[2016乙卷(全国Ι)改错]Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.43.[2016乙卷(全国Ι)改错]It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. 44.[2016丙卷(全国Ш)改错]They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me...A专项语篇型填空(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)There 1 (be) a new modern art exhibition downtown for the last three days, which 2 (close) this ing Sunday. Having got two tickets for it, I 3 (consider) inviting my friend Tony to go along with me. I know that he 4 (finish) his paper by Sunday and can afford the time.He once 5 (tell) me that he liked modern art, so I think he will be interested in this exhibition. Just this morning, when I entered my office, my colleagues 6 (talk) about it, and some of them said they 7 (go) to see it already. The exhibition 8 (hold) in ten more big cities in America after it goes to San Francisco next week.I’ve just called Tony and he has agreed to go with me, saying that he 9 (look) forward to going to an exhibition for months. I will call for him this Sunday. I’ll go home for lunch now, as I 10 (starve).B语法填空[2020某某黄冈高三检测]Honeybee populations in the United States 1 (decrease) dramatically over the decades. And a new study suggests that a certain kind of pesticide could be making things 2 (bad).The number of honeybees hasn’t changed much over the past few years, but the overall picture doesn’t look good for an insect that plays 3 important role in our food supply. Scientists don’t know for sure 4 this is happening. Pesticides and parasites (寄生虫)are the most suspected reasons, according to a study recently published in a scientific journal. One suggests that neonicotinoids, types of pesticides that 5 (use) around the world, are incredibly poisonous to honeybees and other insects. Part of the reason for that is that these pesticides appear 6 (stick) around in the environment and stay dangerous for a long period of time.Though they’re deadly to insects, neonicotinoids are not considered dangerous to humans. An ongoing challenge 7 farmers is finding ways to keep other insects away while 8 (protect)bees. Pesticides may not discriminate the insects they kill, though neonicotinoid makers say the risk to bees is lower when they are used properly. The U.S. Department of Agriculture says it’s 9 (likely) that there’s one magic 10 (solve) to the problem, but there are a number of organizations trying to help honeybees.C短文改错[2021某某某某调研]Last year, I studied as an exchanged student in Paris. When I learned a local Chinese restaurant needed a waiter who could work on the evening, I made a quickly decision and applied for the job. Having some knowledge of French and Chinese cuisine, I got chance. At first, I mainly laid the table but served the dishes. Then it occurs to me that I could tell some interesting story about many Chinese dishes, which helped attract more customers. The owner of the restaurant was highlypraised my performance and even raised his pay. The experience of work in the restaurant will always remain in my memory.答案专题一动词的时态、语态和主谓一致题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.fell 根据时间状语"A century ago"可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填fell。
“解题达人”备战新高考语法之动词时态语态距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一：基础知识解析1：考点归纳动词时态历来是高考考查的重点。
动词时态考查虽多，但考向非常集中，最常考的是一般过去时和一般现在时，其次是现在完成时，其他时态考查相对较少。
因此备考重点是：①动词时态的基本用法②动词语态的基本用法③主谓一致通过“时态定义”解决时态：虽然新课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近三年全国卷主要考查一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。
尽管如此，以下8种时态的基本用法和构成还应掌握。
准确理解常考时态的定义是做题的根本。
1：动词时态的一般体时态用法例句一般现在时表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。
常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always, every time, now and then,occasionally, often, seldom, never,sometimes, usually, every day/night等连用。
第二部分语法知识贯通专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致考点1 一般时一般现在时(do/does式) ★★★典例1 [2019安徽安庆二模改编,61]New year in Chinese people’s eyes means a family reunion. Every year (see) the largest annual mass migration on the planet when one sixth of the world’s population travel home to celebrate with their families.句意:在中国人眼中,新年意味着家人团聚,每年世界上六分之一的人回家与家人一起庆祝,这是地球上最大规模的年度人口迁移。
根据Every year 可知,此处应用一般现在时;再结合句意可知,主语是Every year,此处是拟人化的用法,see在此处表示"遭受,历经",故用其第三人称单数形式。
sees典例2 [2019河北邢台高三检测,61]An hour of swimming (burn) almost as many calories as an hourof running.句意:游泳一小时消耗的卡路里与跑步一小时消耗的几乎一样多。
此处叙述的是客观事实,因此用一般现在时。
burns一般过去时(did式) ★★★典例3 [2020河北石家庄摸底考试,61]Translated fiction sales in the United Kingdom (rise) by 5.5 percent last year, with a growing demand for Chinese titles, said Nielsen Book on Wednesday.句意:Nielsen Book周三表示,去年英国的翻译小说销量增长了5.5%,对中文图书的需求不断增长。
动词的时态和语态【考纲解读】根据考试大纲要求,考生能在真实语境中正确使用各种时态和语态。
根据英语考试大纲要求,考生需掌握其中八种动词时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时。
要掌握各种时态之间的区别:一般过去时和现在完成时;过去完成时和一般过去时;一般过去时和过去进行时;现在完成时和现在完成进行时等。
同时,要掌握主动语态表被动意义的运用。
【考点纵横】【考题导引】1.(2015湖南)He must have sensed that I _______(look) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that?”解析：was looking 根据句子的时态和“Why are you staring at me like that?”可知,此处应用过去进行时。
2．(2016全国Ⅱ改错)Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea.__________解析：thought改为think 陈述现在的情况,用一般现在时。
3．(2016天津)When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ____________(see) for years.解析：hadn’t seen句意:当沿着街道散步的时候,我遇见了多年未见的David。
根据语境可知,定语从句中的动作发生在come across之前,是过去的过去发生的动作,故用过去完成时。
4．(2015浙江)Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child, few people guessed that he ___________(go) to be a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.解析：was going 由语境可知,此处表示“从过去看将来”,用was / were going to do。
高考英语动词的时态和语态语法知识点与技巧方法一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时主动do/doesdidwill/shall dowould/shoulddoam/is/are doing被动am/is/are donewas/were donewill/shall be donewould/should be doneam/is/are being done过去进行时将来进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去完成时主动was/were doingwill/shall be doinghave/has donehave/has been doinghad done被动was/were being done----------have/has been done----------had been done一、一般现在时1、表示经常发生的习惯性的、现在反复出现的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：always,usually,seldom, sometimes, every day, now and then, once a week等。
2、表示眼下或目前等现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。
3、表示客观事实或普遍真理。
4、书报的标题，故事的叙述，小说、戏剧、电影等情节介绍，图片的说明等。
5、时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目单、课程表等按规定将要发生的动作，只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, e等动词。
6、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作。
注意：一般现在时可以用于定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来。
7、用在某些表达中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
Here es the bus!How it rains!二、一般过去时1、表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没有关系。
常用的时间状语有：yesterday, last night, at that time等。
高考英语语法考试重点大纲解读对于即将参加高考的学子们来说，英语语法是英语学习中至关重要的一部分。
掌握高考英语语法的重点，不仅有助于在考试中取得优异成绩，更能为日后的英语学习打下坚实的基础。
接下来，让我们一起深入解读高考英语语法考试的重点大纲。
一、动词时态和语态动词的时态和语态是高考英语语法中的核心考点。
时态主要包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时以及现在完成进行时。
一般现在时用于表示经常发生的动作、客观事实或真理。
例如：“The sun rises in the east” 一般过去时则用于描述过去发生的动作或状态。
比如：“I went to Beijing last year” 一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作，常见的表达有“will ＋动词原形”“be going to ＋动词原形”等。
现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，结构为“be ＋动词的现在分词”。
过去进行时强调过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
例如：“I was reading a book at 8 o'cl ock last night” 将来进行时表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作。
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。
其结构为“have/has ＋过去分词”。
过去完成时则以过去某个时间为基准，表示过去的过去所发生的动作。
语态方面，分为主动语态和被动语态。
被动语态的构成是“be ＋过去分词”，需要根据时态和主语的单复数来确定具体形式。
二、非谓语动词非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
例如：“To learn English well is not easy” （作主语）“I want to go shopping” （作宾语）动名词具有名词的特征，可作主语、宾语、定语等。
动词(一)动词概说1)动词(verb)是表示动作或状态的词。
a)表示动作：swim游泳push推b)表示状态：have有be是2)英语动词有时态、语态、语气等形式上的变化。
限定动词和非限定动词（谓语动词和非谓语动词）从是否被主语所限定来分，动词有限定动词(finite verb)和非限定动词(nonfinite verb)两大类。
1)限定动词限定动词用作句子的谓语动词，并被主语所限定，有人称和数的变化。
如：He is a tractor driver.Facts are more eloquent than words.事实胜于雄辩。
An apple falls by the force of gravitation.地心吸力使苹果落地。
2)非限定动词非限定动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种，在句子里都不能单独作谓语动词，故不被主语所限定，没有人称和数的变化。
如：I am pleased to meet you. (动词不定式)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词)I heard them singing the International。
我听见他们唱《国际歌》。
(分词)Spoken words are often more powerful than writing. (分词)从其含义来分，动词有实义动词(notional verb)，连系动词(1ink verb)，情态动词(modal verb)和助动词(auxiliary verb)四类。
1)实义动词实义动词有完全的词义，并能独立作谓语动词。
如：The sun shone brightly this morning.He likes to go for a long walk on Sundays.We have a big TV set in the club.2)连系动词连系动词在句中作谓语动词，后面跟表语。
