商务英语综合教程第4册U

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商务英语综合教程第四册Unit 4 International Risks

波特将他们定义为：对于该产业新进入者的威胁、对于替代品和服务的威胁、该产业的竞争强度、供应商的议价能力以及消费者的议价能力。
entrant n. 进入者；新会员；参加竞赛者；新工作者例：That's because only a few system calls can be safely called inside
2. Porter defines them as: threat of new entrants in the industry, threat of substitute goods and services, intensity of competition within the industry, bargaining power of suppliers, and bargaining power of consumers.
Exercise: I. Answer the following questions according to the text:
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
The topic of the passage is Risks in International Business.
2. What do you know about the international risks?
Just as there are reasons to get into global markets, and benefits from global markets, there are also risks involved in locating companies in certain countries. Each country may have its potentials; it also has its woes that are associated with doing business with major companies. Some of the rogue countries may have all the natural minerals but the risks involved in doing business in those countries exceed the benefits.

商务英语综合教程第四册Unit 9 Credit Cards

Think about their functions and talk with your partner.
II. Group work Work in small groups, discussing
how to use credit cards correctly. III．Think about and then make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of using credit cards in our daily life.
Background Information
A credit card is a payment card issued to users as a system of payment. It allows the cardholder to pay for goods and services based on the holder's promise to pay for them. The issuer of the card creates a revolving account and grants a line of credit to the consumer (or the user) from which the user can borrow money for payment to a merchant or as a cash advance to the user.
grant vt. 授予；允许；承认 vi. 同意 n. 拨款；[法] 授予物例：Grant and Lee are bracketed in history. 在历史上格兰特和李两人的名字总是被一起提及的。 You have to grant us control explicitly. 你们必须允许我们明确地控制。 You should grant them access only to the resources that they

新标准商务英语综合教程 4 Unit 1 (3)

No wonder, then, that the boards of Mitsukoshi and Isetan, the country’s fourth- and fifth-largest department store
chains, laid plans for a merger that would create the country’s biggest retail group, with $14 billion in annual sales. The deal is
Prices of every purchase are added up automatically. When she has finished shopping, the customer hands her card to a cashier who 4 ___ it to the register. A second later the total pops out. Shop lifting is physically impossible.
One man is enough to keep the vending machines filled, because if the stock for a certain commodity is 7 ___ to run out, a red lamp in the computer room 8 ___ him or her. But there are disadvantages too: a customer cannot change his or her mind 9 ___ a purchase. Once 10 ___ , the item cannot be put back. The customer must go through a cashier with it first and get a refund later. There are also no fresh vegetables or fish on sale—everything is prepackaged.

商务英语综合教程第四册Unit 8 Promotion

营销
attempt n. 企图，试图；攻击 vt. 企图，试图；尝试例：He gave up the attempt in despair. 他在绝望中放弃了这种尝试。 He always honies up to you, so he must have some attempt at
coordination
n. 协调，调和；对等，同等例：But I do expect some commitment to reinforce coordination. 但我认为会做出一些承诺以加强协调。 Rumors of such coordination abound, but as with many rumors, they have no basis in
Text analysis
1. Under the concept of Integrated Marketing Communication marketers attempt to develop a unified promotional strategy involving the coordination of many different types of promotional techniques.
3. stakeholder: someone entrusted to hold the stakes for two or more persons betting against one another; must deliver the stakes to the winner 利益相关者
you. 他一直对你甜言蜜语，所以他一定对你有什么企图。 Any attempt to set back the wheel of history is doomed to failure. 任何要使历史倒退的企图都是注定要失败的。

综合商务英语教程四册3章Economic Development of a Country

unemployment income recession
deflation budget
1.2 Factors Affecting Economic Development
1. Natural resource is an important factor affecting economic development. However, the distribution of natural resource is not even around the world. Place these countries on the chart below. Then discuss your chart with your partner.
综合商务英语教程四册 Unit 3 Economic Development of
a Country
Objectives Focus 1.1 Basic Concepts Concerning Economic Development 1.2 Factors Affecting Economic Development 1.3 Influence of Economic Development of a country Sum-up Assignment
•The following words are some basic concepts in
economic development. Try to find their meanings in the dictionary and finish the practice.
inflation welfare deficit
1.3 Influence of Economic Development

New商务英语综合教程4 Unit4

litigation ruling judgment overturn appeal decree verdict cross-examination precedent hearing indictment evidence find against
2. Parties involved in lawsuits
Activation
How do you understand “monopoly”? Define the term within 50 words.
In economics, a monopoly exists when a specific individual or an enterprise has sufficient control over a particular product or service to determine significantly the terms on which other individuals shall have access to it. M vertical or horizontal mergers. A monopoly is said to be coercive when the monopoly firm actively prohibits competitors from entering the field or punishes competitors who do.
penalty uphold
witness judge jury prosecutor
3. Terms of information technology
server communication interoperate browser

综合商务英语教程四册2章Globalization

2. Team Work:
• Choose one of the following top ten of the 500 largest
corporations in the world ranked by Forbes in 2013 and try to find some information about the globalization strategies of the companies.
globalization.
Assignment
1. Discussion • What do you know about Nike? • Do you like the products of Nike? Have you ever bought some? • What is Nike’s logo? What does it mean?
综合商务英语教程四册 Unit 2 Globalization
Objectives Focus 1.1 Basic Concepts Concerning Globalization 1.2 Cases of Globalization 1.3 Personal Attitude towards the Trend of Globalization Sum-up Assignment
1. Discussion • Talk about your attitude towards globalization? • Are you for or against it? • What are your reasons?
2. Writing
There is a heated debate over the true effects of globalization. Write a short article to illustrate the positive aspects and negative aspects of globalization with examples.

商务英语综合教程第4册Unit

iate” has a number of parts of speech. It is used as a vt in the text. It can also be used as in vi, or a n. or an adj.
1). When used as vi, it, similar to the word “join”, means to join in a form a league.
Para 3
Stability in Europe … would-be hegemon.
Great Britain is willing to give full support to the lesser state or coalition when the balance of power was at risk, resulting from the appearance of a potential hegemon, which contributed to stability in Europe.
Unit Two
Unit Two
Intensive Reading
Balances and Imbalances of Power
Para 1
The only check on … forming a league of defense.
The only limitation to the abuse of political power has in every case come from the existence of an opposing power which is equally strong or an alliance of several countries which forms a group of defense.

商务英语综合教程第四册

Suggested answer to Q1
It is important that now the boards need to take a more aggressive stance as they face the yet undefined challe10-para. 16)
Failed risk management is the main reason for the downward spiraling economy.
Suggested answer to Q2
The Fed has already suggested stricter regulatory oversight. And the corporate leadership also need to consider a disciplined approach to risk management at the highest level: the Board.
promote the awareness of risk management;
know the importance of management skills to retain staff.
Text 1. Boards Must Take On Risk Management
Pre-reading questions: What is risk management? Is it important for every company? Do you think inadequate risk management would be accountable for financial crisis? And why?

商务英语综合教程Book4 Unit5

Warm-up
Background
Detailed Reading
TEXT I
Hale Waihona Puke The Renaissance ―...went from Columbus to Copernicus, from Copernicus to Galileo, from the discovery of the earth to that of the heavens. Man re-found himself‖, according to Michelet. For him the voyages of Columbus in the 15th century, and the scientific achievements of Copernicus and Galileo in the 16th, defined a decisive shift from the narrow, religious world of the Middle Ages, and anticipated the modern world of science, technology and rationalism.
Warm-up
Background
Detailed Reading
TEXT I
The Myth of the Renaissance in Europe
Jeremy Brotton The idea that man simply “re-found” himself during the European Renaissance ignores something quite fundamental. Jeremy Brotton argues that important developments in trade and science, as well as contact with far-flung empires, were the real causes of this seismic cultural shift.

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consist in — have sth. as its chief or only element or feature 在于，存在于
e.g.这计划的好处就在于简单易行。 The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.
Education does not simply consist in learning a lot of facts.
Unit Two
Unit Two
Intensive Reading
Balances and Imbalances of Power
Para 1
The only check on … forming a league of defense.
The only limitation to the abuse of political power has in every case come from the existence of an opposing power which is equally strong or an alliance of several countries which forms a group of defense.
Para 3
Stability in Europe … would-be hegemon.
Great Britain is willing to give full support to the lesser state or coalition when the balance of power was at risk, resulting from the appearance of a potential hegemon, which contributed to stability in Europe.
The word “associate” has a number of parts of speech. It is used as a vt in the text. It can also be used as in vi, or a n. or an adj.
1). When used as vi, it, similar to the word “join”, means to join in a form a league.
Technically 专门地，技术上地，工艺地
The word “technical” is derived from the word “technique”; while a seemingly alike word “technological” is derived from the word “technology”. “Technical” means having special skill or practical knowledge especially in a mechanical or scientific field or used in or peculiar to a specific field or profession.
2). Another meaning of “see” is to give rise to or be characterized by
e.g. The 1990s saw the best economic performance in the United States in three decades.
e.g. If his health permits, he will ~ in many important business ventures. As vi, it also means to spend time socially 与某人交往或打交道 e.g. She often ~ with her coworkers on weekends.
“See”, when used in the second meaning, is a synonym to “witness”.
e.g. The last decade has witnessed a significant growth in the use of information technology and information systems.
e.g. a technical adviser 技术顾问 technical terminology 专门词汇，技术术语
However, “technological” means relating to or involving technology, especially scientific technology or affected by or resulting from scientific and industrial progress.
e.g. technological innovation scientific and technological challenges
See — 1).(here means) to know through firsthand expeome service in the French and Indian War.
e.g. He never hangs out with his ~s in the evening.
2). Used as n., “associate” may mean a person united with another or others in an act, enterprise, or business. Used in this context, it is a synonym to partner or colleague. 同事，伙伴