2013年9月份-10月份轮机英语大证考试真题整理(一)

Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.第3题The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms.第4题The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine's secondary oil supply manifold throughdrillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.第2题The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.第4题To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke.第1题All adjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.1. According to the Passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine注：根据文章来看，调节阀间隙的最好时间是在发动机启动之前。

4148、When a ship in loaded condition floats at arbitrary water line, its displacement is_____to the relevant mass of water displaced by the ship. (66645:最新题:1)A. equalB. largerC. smallerD. equivalent4149、The displacement of a ship is______ to the total weight, all told, of the relevant loaded ship. (66646:最新题:2)A. largerB. equalC. smallerD. equivalent4150、Which one is not true? . (66649:最新题:3)A. Two main areas of skill are involved in the construction of ship.B. There are distinct divisions in responsibilities between naval architects and marine engineersC. Each ship will assume varying proportions according to its type.D. Ships can be divided into different categories from different perspectives.4151、Why a gearbox is needed in a ship driven by a medium-speed diesel engine? (66651:最新题:4)A. To reduce the main engine speedB. To increase the main engine speedC. To govern the main engine speedD. To fix the propeller shaft4152、A propeller, in order to operate efficiently, must rotate at a relatively_____speed. (66653:最新题:5)A. highB. lowC. fastD. lowly4153、In a diesel engine,_______offers the heat energy directly;______works as working medium and changes the heat energy to mechanical energy. (66657:最新题:6)A. the burning of the fuel; medium shaftB. fuel spray; fresh airC. fuel; fuel sprayD. the burning of the fuel; the burned gas mixture4154、In a diesel engine,_____works as working medium and changes the heat energy to mechanical energy,_______changes the reciprocating movement to rotary moment. (66659:最新题:7)A. fuel spray; the burning of the fuelB. the burned gas mixture; connecting rodC. medium shaft; crankshaftD. the burned gas mixture; piston rod4155、One of the differences between a two-stroke engine and a four-stroke engine is,______ (66662:最新题:8)A. a two-stroke engine works without exhaust operationB. a two-stroke engine works without compression strokeC. a two-stroke engine works without expansion strokeD. a two-stroke engine works without suction operation4156、One of the differences between a two-stroke engine and a four-stroke engine is,_______. (66664:最新题:9)A. a two-stroke engine can’t work without cylindersB. a two-stroke engine can’t work without pistonsC. a two-stroke engine can’t work without crankshaftsD. a two-stroke engine can’t work without a blower4157、In a diesel engine, when the fuel is injected into the cylinder______. (66666:最新题:10)A. the piston is just coming upward from the bottom dead center.B. the piston has moved about one-fifth of the way up.C. the piston has moved most of the way up and almost reached the TDC.D. the piston has just past the TDC.4158、_______is the main reason that reduces the power advantage of a two-stroke engine over a same size four-stroke one to about_______. (66669:最新题:11)A. Inefficient scavenging; twiceB. Inefficient scavenging; 1.8 timesC. Fewer strokes in a circle; twiceD. Fewer strokes in a circle; 1.8 times4159、If the engine is naturally aspirated, or is a small high-speed type with a centrifugal turbocharger, the period of valve overlap, i.e. when both valves are____, will be ___and the exhaust valve will close some 10°______top dead canter. (66674:最新题:12)A. open; short; afterB. closed; short; afterC. open; long; beforeD. closed; long; before4160、In a two-stroke engine, there are always a series of openings known as ______, and in some circumstances, there are also openings known as______, in the part of the cylinder liner. (66676:最新题:13)A. scavenging air ports; exhaust portsB. inlet ports; scavenging air portsC. scavenging air ports; inlet portsD. exhaust ports; inlet ports4161、In some type of two-stroke engines, besides some small holes for____, starting valve, safety valve, indicator cock, and central opening in each cylinder cover for mounting the____. (66678:最新题:14)A. fuel valves; exhaust valveB. exhaust valves; inlet valveC. fuel valves; inlet valveD. exhaust valves; fuel valve4162、In a two-stroke engine, the piston consists of a lower part, which is named as____and usually made of____, and a upper part, which is referred to as_____and made of_____ . (66680:最新题:15)A. low-half, cast iron; top-half, heat-resistant steelB. low-half, aluminum; top-half, stainless steelC. piston skirt; cast iron; piston crown; heat-resistant steelD. piston skirt; aluminum; piston crown; stainless steel4163、In order to keep the oil film on the cylinder liner during the running-in period, the piston rings are slightly rounded_______. (66683:最新题:16)A. on both the external and internal top edgesB. on both the external top and bottom edgesC. on both the external and internal bottom edgesD. on all the four edges4164、In order to control thermal stresses, some types of modern engines use pistons with_______. (66684:最新题:17)A. heavy wall and intensive coolingB. heavy wall and no coolingC. thin wall and no coolingD. thin wall and intensive cooling4165、In order to improve the working conditions of the crosshead bearings, the bearing pressure is made_____and the peripheral speed is made_____in later designs. (66685:最新题:18)A. smaller, higherB. higher, smallerC. smaller, smallerD. higher, higher4166、When the heavy fuel oil is heated to achieve the viscosity of 10-15 cSt______may occur. T o avoid this, a_______system is used in most occasions. (66687:最新题:19)A. boiling and cavitations; low temperatureB. boiling and cavitations; pressurizedC. leaking and boiling; low temperatureD. leaking and boiling; pressurized4167、The fuel from the bunker tanks must be treated by______before entering the service tanks, from where the fuel enters________. (66690:最新题:20)A. centrifugal separators; the engine cylinderB. oily water separators; the engine cylinderC. oily water separators; the fuel supply systemD. centrifuges; the fuel supply system4168、A full-flow 50μm filter is installed _____, so the injection system components on the main engine are safeguarded. (66693:最新题:21)A. as close to the main engine as possibleB. as close to the main pump as possibleC. just before the fuel valveD. just before the booster pump4169、The booster pump, which supplies diesel oil to_____, should have a possibility of being powered by compressed air or by emergency power. (66696:最新题:22)A. the main enginesB. the auxiliary enginesC. the emergency generator engineD. the auxiliary engines and the main engine(s)4170、_______is harmful for fuel pumps, fuel valves, cylinder liner, exhaust valve seats, and the turbocharger blades as well. (66698:最新题:23)A. Bad combustion of the fuelB. Bad atomization of the fuelC. Liquid contaminantsD. Solid contaminants4171、As an alternative to the conventional seawater cooling system,_____is based on_______principles about coolerlocations, flow control and preheating, but with a central cooler and one additional set of pumps. (66702:最新题:24)A. the central cooling system, differentB. the central cooling system, the sameC. the open cooling system, differentD. the open cooling system, the same4172、An alarm device inserted between the deaerating tank and the expansion tank can notify the on-watching crew that_____. (66704:最新题:25)A. the expansion tank is lack of waterB. the expansion tank is over flowingC. there is something wrong with the cooling systemD. there is something wrong with the engine4173、The _______cooling system needs least maintenance work for ______in this kind of system. (66706:最新题:26)A. open, the minimum componentsB. open, the high cooling efficiencyC. central, there are more coolers and an extra set of pumpsD. central, there is only one component contacts seawater4174、About the jacket water, that of the auxiliary engines usually is circulated by______pumps, and the main engine usually_______. (66709:最新题:27)A. an engine-driven, as wellB. an engine-driven, has an independent pumpC. an independent, as wellD. an independent, has an engine-driven pump4175、In order to maintain a constant outlet water temperature of 80-85℃from the engine, a three-way valve is installed ______. (66710:最新题:28)A. at the jacket cooler outlet to control the flux through the engineB. at the jacket cooler outlet to control the flux through the coolerC. at the engine outlet to control the flux through the engineD. at the engine inlet to control the flux through the engine4176、In modern installations, the main engine and the standby auxiliary engines_______. (66711:最新题:29)A. can be started at low temperature and are free from preheatingB. usually are preheated by steam before being startedC. are kept at a constant temperature and free from preheatingD. are kept at a low temperature to save energy4177、A marine diesel engine is started by_______. (66712:最新题:30)A. supplying high pressure oil into a hydraulic motorB. supplying high temperature air into the cylinderC. supplying high pressure air into the cylinderD. electrical igniting4178、The starting air system of an engine on board usually has interlocks in order to_______. (66713:最新题:31)A. ensure a successful shutting down at emergency conditionsB. ensure a successful starting at emergency conditionsC. prevent the engine from starting at some abnormal conditionsD. prevent the engine from starting at emergency conditions4179、In the starting system, the automatic valve is controlled by______, and the cylinder start valves are controlledby_______. (66714:最新题:32)A. pilot air; pilot airB. handle; solenoidC. handle; pilot air coming through the distributorD. solenoid; pilot air coming through the distributor4180、The starting air entering the cylinder begins when the piston________. (66715:最新题:33)A. has nearly come to the TDCB. has just past the TDCC. has nearly come to the BDCD. has just past the BDC4181、When starting an engine, the compressed air enters the cylinder when the corresponding piston is in position of its________. (66716:最新题:34)A. suction strokeB. compression strokeC. power strokeD. exhaust stroke4182、When an engine is starting and has got a sufficiently high speed, say about 20 rpm,_______. (66717:最新题:35)A. the starting air supply is cut off and fuel is injected into the cylindersB. the fuel feeding is cut off and the turning gear is put inC. the starting air supply is cut off and turning gear is taken outD. the electric blower is shut down and fuel is injected into the cylinders4183、The air distributor is conventionally driven by_____anddistributes____into each cylinder by certain sequence. (66718:最新题:36)A. camshaft; fresh airB. camshaft; starting airC. electronic motor which is controlled by a computer; fresh airD. electronic motor which is controlled by a computer; starting air4184、The following options are all the functions of lubricating oil except_______. (66719:最新题:37)A. removing heat and depositsB. neutralizing acidic productsC. lubricatingD. improving combustion efficiency4185、________diesel engines generally have two systems of lubrication: a total loss system feeding_________and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling the pistons. (66720:最新题:38)A. Large crosshead type, crossheadsB. High speed, the cylindersC. Large crosshead type, the cylindersD. Four-stroke, pistons and cylinders4186、In some diesel engine designs, the injection of cylinder oil is timed to impinge when the piston______and only impinge on . (66722:最新题:39)A. is coming upward, cylinder ring beltB. is going downward, piston ring beltC. is coming upward, piston ring beltD. is going downward, cylinder ring belt4187、Large crosshead type engine generally has two lubrication systems, a function performed only by cylinder oil system is______. (66725:最新题:40)A. lubricatingB. coolingC. sealingD. cleaning4188、Large crosshead type engine generally has two lubrication systems, a function performed only by crankcase oil system is _______ . (66727:最新题:41)A. lubricatingB. coolingC. cleaningD. neutralizing4189、“The use of a poor quality oil can lead to rapid deterioration of its properties with the resultant formation of deposits in the piston crown which in turn results in a considerable reduction in heat transfer with subsequent overheating and thermal cracking.”According to this sentence, we can know that the principle reason of the overheating and thermal cracking is_______ (66729:最新题:42)A. the use of a poor quality oilB. the deterioration of its propertiesC. the formation of depositsD. the reduction in heat transfer ability4190、Gas exchange, which is a basic part of the cycle of an internal combustion engine, is______. (66731:最新题:43)A. the supply of normal air and removal of compressed airB. the supply of fuel oil and combustion of the atomized oilC. the supply of fresh air and removal of exhaust gasesD. the supply of fresh air and removal of the extra heat4191、“This increase in charge air density is accomplished on most modern diesel engine types by use of exhaust gas turbo-charging, in which a turbine wheel driven by exhaust from the engine is rigidly coupled to a centrifugal type air compressor.”According to this sentence, we can know that______increasesdensity______drives th e compressor directly. (66734:最新题:44)A. a modern diesel engine, a turbine wheelB. a modem diesel engine, exhaust gasesC. a compressor, an exhaust gas turbochargerD. a compressor, a turbine wheel4192、When the air charge contacts with the cylinders and pistons and mixes with the residual gases, it will ________. (66736:最新题:45)A. increase in temperatureB. lose its energy partlyC. expand and do workD. begin to be compressed4193、Usually we take the cooling effect of the air flown through the cylinder during the overlap period as ______. (66739:最新题:46)A. inevitableB. harmfulC. helpfulD. unacceptable4194、In slow speed two-stroke engines, the fresh air entering begins when______and stops as_______. (66741:最新题:47)A. the inlet port is opened by the up coming piston; the port is closed by the down goingB. the inlet valve is opened by the down going piston; the inlet valve is closedC. the inlet port is opened by the down going piston; the port is closed by the up comingD. the inlet valve is opened4195、The________is employed to warm up a large diesel engine before its starting. (66743:最新题:48)A. hot airB. hot boiler waterC. cylinder waterD. hot seawater4196、Which one of the followings may not be checked before engine starting? (66744:最新题:49)A. tank levelB. Various filtersC. DrainsD. seawater temperature4197、When the direction handle of telegraph is moved, the relative position of camshaft and crankshaft will be_____. (66745:最新题:50)A. changed accordinglyB. unchangedC. positioned aheadD. positioned astern4198、Which of the followings will affect the spray of fuel oil? (66747:最新题:51)A. coke depositsB. cylinder water temperatureC. asphalt in fuel oilD. lub oil4199、Which one of the following may contribute forming of coke around the nozzle of fuel valve? (66749:最新题:52)A. too much water in fuel oilB. too much asphalt in fuel oilC. larger nozzle holesD. more nozzle holes inlet valve is closed4200、The transmission system transmitting power from the engine to the propeller is composed of shafts, bearings, and _____. (66751:最新题:53)A. propellerB. flying wheelC. main engineD. crankshaft4201、The thrust from the propeller to the hull of the ship is transferred by______. (66753:最新题:54)A. tie rodB. thrust blockC. bedplate of main engineD. frame of main engine4202、________is used to prevent the entry of sea water to the machinery space. (66755:最新题:55)A. A special sealing glandB. PropellerC. TailshaftD. Sterntube bearing4203、Oil pressure in the lubrication system is______than the static sea water head to ensure that sea water cannot enter the sterntube in the event of seal failure. (66756:最新题:56)A. higherB. lowerC. very higherD. very lower4204、The propeller consists of a_______with several blades of helicoidal form attached to it. (66757:最新题:57)A. shaftB. bossC. wheelD. lever4205、The difference between Fixed pitch propeller (FPP) and Controllable pitch propeller (CPP) is in that_____. (66759:最新题:58)A. for FP, once fitted, the position of the blades can also be changed in operationB. for CP, once fitted, the position of the blades can also be changed in operationC. the CP type has a relatively smaller hub compared with the FP propellers.D. the FP type has a relatively larger hub compared with the CP propellers.4206、In conventional systems, the injection pressure______, while it’s______in common rail diesel engines. (66763:最新题:59)A. fluctuates with the engine speed to some extent, independent of the engine speedB. keeps constant at all engine speed, dependent on the engine speed to some extentC. keeps constant at all engine speed, independent of the engine speedD. is decided by the engine speed, constant at all engine speed4207、In common rail engines, the fuel is_____before is injected into the cylinders. (66765:最新题:60)A. stored in a common fuel lineB. pumped by the injection pumpC. at low pressureD. already atomized4208、In a common rail engine, the fuel is injected into cylinders______. (66767:最新题:61)A. by injection pumpsB. at a time decided by the injection pump timingC. by a signal opening the magnetic valvesD. at a time decided by the cam directly4209、____uses one or two high pressure pumps for all the cylinders with one more standby, while ________have a separate high-pressure pump for each cylinder. (66770:最新题:62)A. A common rail engine, conventional enginesB. A conventional engine, common rail enginesC. A marine diesel engine, most other enginesD. A two-stroke engine, four-stroke engines4210、A common rail engine has only one or two high pressure pumps in operation at the same time, and the injection into each cylinder_____. (66772:最新题:63)A. can’t be controlled very preciselyB. can’t be controlled as flexibly as the separate pump systemC. can be controlled as flexibly as the separate pump systemD. can be controlled more precisely and flexibly4211、The common rail engines show great advantages in combustion especially _____. (66774:最新题:64)A. at high speed and full loadB. at low speed and part loadC. when heavy fuel oil is used at seaD. when the ships run long distance4212、To meet the market requirements, a marine diesel engine should not be of_______. (66776:最新题:65)A. big sizeB. fuel economyC. low speedD. high power4213、The main purpose of changing main engine to electronic controlled is not to________. (66777:最新题:66)A. control fuel injection time more preciselyB. control fuel injection rate more preciselyC. meet the environmental requirementsD. meet high engine speed requirements4214、If a cam-controlled engine has a normal injection pressure at rated speed, the injection pressure will be _______at slow speed. (66778:最新题:67)A. a little lowerB. a little higherC. too lowD. exactly the same4215、If a camshaft-less engine has a normal injection pressure at rated speed, the injection pressure will be______at slow speed. (66779:最新题:68)A. too lowB. a little lowerC. a little higherD. exactly the same4216、______is not a feature of the electronic controlled engines. (66780:最新题:69)A. Lower fuel consumptionB. Better balanced cylinder powerC. A shorter overhaul periodD. Less smoke emission4217、The mechanical exhaust valve operation system is replaced by______in an electronic controlled ME engine. (66781:最新题:70)A. a system with a Hydraulic Power Supply (HPS) unitB. a system with roller guides for exhaust valvesC. a system with an electronically controlled Alpha LubricatorD. a system directly powered by electric motor4218、_______are mounted in pairs to protect the boiler against overpressure. (66782:最新题:71)A. Safety valvesB. Water tubesC. Steam stop valvesD. Blow down valves4219、When steam is being raised on a boiler, the water level will normally________. (66783:最新题:72)A. drop as the boiler warms upB. rise as the boiler warms upC. remain unchanged until the boiler is hot enoughD. rise and fall with the steam demand4220、When steam is being raised on a boiler, the water level will normally______. (66784:最新题:73)A. drop as the boiler warms upB. rise as the boiler warms upC. remain unchanged until the boiler is hot enoughD. rise and fall with the steam demand4221、Impurities from the boiler water surface can be removed through the_______. (66785:最新题:74)A. safety valveB. blow down valveC. scum valveD. feed check valve4222、The exhaust boilers are used to recover some of _____carried in the exhaust gas from the main engine. (66786:最新题:75)A. waterB. oilC. heatD. steam4223、The defective place in the furnace should be______with fire bricks. (66787:最新题:76)A. pavedB. cleanedC. weldedD. dismantled4224、The safety valves are mounted in pairs to ______the boiler against overpressure. (66789:最新题:77)A. useB. releaseC. protectD. effect4225、The valve that prevents water from backing out of the boiler into the feed line is the______. (66792:最新题:78)A. bottom-blow valveB. skin valveC. feed-check valveD. feed-stop valve4226、The boiler feed water check valves are located on the_____ (66794:最新题:79)A. feed pump suction lineB. hot wellC. shell of the feed heaterD. feed lines to the boiler4227、If in doubt as to the true water level when a boiler is being oil-fired, you should________. (66796:最新题:80)A. take no measuresB. extinguish the fire as soon as possibleC. feed water to the boilerD. open the blow down valve4228、The boiler feed pump discharge pressure is high than the steam drum pressure to ______. (66798:最新题:81)A. ensure feed water flow into the boilerB. keep the steam drum pressure highC. prevent water hammer in the feed lineD. help the feed water flash to steam4229、Safety valves on a boiler vent to the_________. (66807:最新题:82)A. fuel tankB. bilgeC. atmosphereD. auxiliary exhaust line4230、_____will be used to blow away the combustion products from the tube surfaces. (66810:最新题:83)A. The blow down valveB. The scum valveC. The air release cockD. The soot-blower4231、Soot blowers should be used in proper sequence so that_____. (66812:最新题:84)A. excess stresses will not be set up in the boilerB. the decks will not be covered with sootC. the soot will be swept toward the uptakesD. there will not be a loss of steam pressure4232、What is the first thing you would check on taking over a watch? (66816:最新题:85)A. the bilgesB. the periscopeC. the water levelD. the oil pressure4233、One of the main purposes of refractories in a boiler furnace is to______. (66817:最新题:86)A. help preheat the air for the furnacesB. help preheat the feedwaterC. protect economizer from excessive heatD. prevent excessive furnace heat losses4234、The pump has a constant stroke and the amount of fuel delivered is regulated by rotating______which has a specially arranged helical groove cut into it. (66821:最新题:87)A. the pump cylinderB. the pump camC. the pump plungerD. the pump roller4235、The pumps employed on board ship can be divided into two main categories i.e.______pumps and centrifugalpumps. (66823:最新题:88)A. gearB. nonpositive displacementC. positive displacementD. rotary4236、The pumps press oil into the cross-head bearing gap when the load on the shell is at its______lowest. What is the meaning of “its”in the sentence above? (66825:最新题:89)A. the cross-headB. the pumpsC. the shellD. the load4237、A vane pump belongs to____according to its working principle. (66828:最新题:90)A. reciprocating pumpB. positive displacement pumpC. centrifugal pumpD. centripetal pump4238、Through a ______ pump, the liquid is transferred from the suction to the discharge by the mechanical variation of the volume of a chamber or chambers. (66830:最新题:91)A. positive displacementB. ejectorC. centrifugalD. air compressor4239、The gear and screw pumps are classified as______ . (66832:最新题:92)A. variable stroke pumpsB. multi-stage pumpsC. positive displacement pumpsD. triple-ported pumps4240、A gear pump belongs to_______according to its working principle. (66835:最新题:93)A. reciprocating pumpsB. positive displacement pumpsC. centrifugal pumpsD. centripetal pumps4241、A screw pump belongs to________according to its working principle. (66837:最新题:94)A. reciprocating pumpsB. positive displacement pumpsC. centrifugal pumpsD. centripetal pumps4242、When the heat load begins to increase, the needle valve of an expansion valve will________. (66839:最新题:95)A. move in an opening directionB. move in a closing directionC. either open or closeD. not move at all4243、When the refrigeration demand is small_______. (66841:最新题:96)A. the expansion valve will move toward the wide open positionB. the expansion valve will move toward the closing positionC. the feeler bulb will conveys the high temperatureD. the superheat degree will raise4244、The thermostatic valve has a throttling action, that is to say the valve can________. (66845:最新题:97)A. stop the refrigerant from flowingB. force the refrigerant to flowC. cause the refrigerant pressure to riseD. cause the refrigerant pressure to fall4245、The thermal expansion valve responds to the_______. (66848:最新题:98)A. amount of superheat in the vapor leaving the coilB. amount of superheat in the liquidC. temperature in the evaporator coilsD. pressure in the evaporator coils4246、The bulb for the thermal expansion valve is located_______. (66851:最新题:99)A. in the middle of evaporator coilsB. near the evaporator coil outletC. near the evaporator coil inletD. on the bottom row of evaporator coils4247、If the compressor runs continually, the cause might be the________ (66853:最新题:100)A. high-pressure cutout switch is jammed openB. low-pressure switch is jammed shutC. thermal bulb is not operating properlyD. scale trap is clogged4248、The solenoid valve can be typed as a_____. (66856:最新题:101)A. thermal valveB. magnetic stop valveC. bellows valveD. bimetallic valve4249、In terms of pressure and temperature in the refrigerant in the compressor, what happens to the primary? (66859:最新题:102)A. its pressure and temperature are both loweredB. its pressure and temperature are both raisedC. its pressure is lowered and its temperature is raisedD. its pressure is raised and its temperature is lowered4250、What is the purpose of sub cooling R-12 in the condenser? . (66861:最新题:103)A. to increase the system efficiency by sensible heat transferB. to stop the liquid from flashingC. to reduce the load on the compressorD. to remove latent heat of vaporization and the suction piping transfer4251、The purpose of the purge valve at the top of the condenser in a refrigerating system is to______. (66863:最新题:104)A. remove any air that may accumulate in the systemB. take out unpleasant fumes from the refrigerantC. vent off excess refrigerant in an emergency。

1. how long have you worked on board?I have worked on board for 10 years.1。

你多长时间在船上工作的？我在船上工作了10年。

2. which certificate do you have now?I have the second engineer’s certificate.2。

该证书你有吗？我有个工程师的证书3. what is your marital status?how many departments are there on board?I am married. There are there departments on board.3。

什么是您的婚姻状况？有多少部门在船上呢？我结婚了。

在船上有三个部门。

4. how many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are there people in my family. Yes,I am married.4。

有多少人在你的家庭吗？你结婚了吗？那里有我的家人的人。

是的，我结婚了5. how many countries have you ever been to?I have been to seven countries.5。

有多少个国家，你有没有去过？我到过7个国家。

6. when did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?I began to work on board in 2000.i have worked on bulk sarriers.6。

你什么时候开始在船上工作的？什么样的船你工作呢？我开始在船上工作2000.i对散装sarriers工作。

7. how many importment canals are there all over the world?Three . the pamama ,suez and kiel.7。

中华人民共和国海事局2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。

一、单项选择题1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______.A. cross-headB. spark plugC. connecting rodD. cylinder2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, iscommonly classed as a ______.A. slow-speed dieselB. medium-speed dieselC. high-speed dieselD. constant-speed diesel3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engineoperating efficiency?A. ImpellerB. CompressorC. After-coolerD. Exhaust diffuser4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than afour-stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______.A. it has a longer power strokeB. more air gets into the cylinder each strokeC. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speedD. higher combustion pressure is developed5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______.A. cam followersB. push rodsC. combustion gasesD. valve springs6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be dividedinto two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______.A. the pulse-phase systemB. the pulse Doppler systemC. the pulse systemD. the pulse interval system7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event ofover-speed.A. cutting power off the engineB. increasing the fuel pump settingC. braking the crankshaftD. stabilizing the ship speed8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers?A. Drain the accumulated moisture.B. Test the relief valves.C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure.D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter.9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______.A. crankcase pressureB. lube oil pressureC. seawater pressureD. exhausttemperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______.A. friction clutchesB. disconnect clutchesC. reversing gearsD. reduction gears11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases fromthe main engine.A. an diesel oil heaterB. a waste heat boilerC. a fresh water generatorD. a donkeyboiler12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______.A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressureB. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiencyC. recycle exhaust gas to the turbochargerD. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______.A. check and regulate the water levelB. close the air cock once fires are litC. blow down the gage glassD. assure protective steam flow14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______.A. incorrect electrode settingB. incorrect nozzle positionC. clogged fuel nozzleD. broken high tension lead15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______.A. increased heat transferB. fireside erosionC. high steam demandD. overheatedtubes16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with areciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Uponaccidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build upA. I, IIB. II, IIIC. I, II, IIID. II only17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts?A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing.B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out.C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump.D. They increase the strength of the shaft.18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______.A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completelyemptiedB. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped outC. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wellsD. discharge pressure will be too high.19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps?A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed.B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened.C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction.D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed.20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to______.A. closely observe the pump discharge temperatureB. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressureC. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressureD. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records21.Which of the following modes of heat transfer does NOT require any physical contact between awarmer and a cooler substance?A. RadiationB. ConductionC. Natural convectionD. Contact directly22. A re-heater in an air conditioning system functions to ______.A. control inlet air temperatureB. control inlet air volumeC. maintain relative humidity at 15%D. restore conditioned air temperature to a comfortable level23.In a chilled water air conditioning unit using a reciprocating compressor, the refrigerating effectof the primary refrigerant can be increased by ______.A. increasing refrigerant pressure in the coilB. increasing chilled water flow through the coolerC. sub-cooling the refrigerant in the condenserD. superheating the refrigerant in the compressor24.Sludge may form in the lubricating oil crankcase of a reciprocating air conditioning compressoras a result of ______.A. wax precipitation in the lube oilB. contamination by dust, scale, or moistureC. refrigerant bubbles in the lube oilD. refrigerant reducing the lube oil viscosity25.Placing a filter on the ______of an oily water separator will “polish” the discharge butoverloading must be avoided.A. suction sideB. discharge sideC. by-pass pipeD. sampling pipe26.When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______.The oily water mixtureis then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed water27.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. incineratorD. cooler28.The ______is used to burn oil sludge.A. clarifierB. oil/water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller29.Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except______.A. aeration tanksB. settling tanksC. disinfection agent （消毒剂）D. anaerobic bacteria (厌氧菌)30.For a purifier changing to a gravity disc with smaller hole diameter will move the interfacetowards the ______.A. bowl peripheryB. bowl centerC. upper surfaceD. lower surface31.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the water outlet. Wechanged the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A. gravityB. diameterC. circumferenceD. cylinder32.The advantages of flash type evaporators, as compared to submerged tube type evaporators,include ______.A. less internal corrosion because of lower brine densityB. higher temperature evaporation for lower salinity of the distillate producedC. less scale formation in a flash evaporatorD. less feed-water required for a flash evaporator33.Distilled water from an evaporator may be discharged into a drinking water tank ______.A. through a detachable hose connectionB. after passing through an activated charcoal filterC. after chemical analysis shows it is fit for consumptionD. through a solenoid operated three-way valve34.What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A. relief valveB. direction control valveC. stop valveD. pressure control valve35.In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplished by moving the______.A. central valveB. radial plungerC. floating ringD. cylinderbody36.In a general cargo crane, ______is fitted to lift the cargo load.A. the slewing motorB. the luffing motorC. the hoisting motorD. the fan moter37.______are used to handle anchors and chains.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches38.The clutch band of a constant tensioning mooring winch must be set up tight enough to drive thewinch drum and should slip only when ______.A. excessive loads are placed on the winchB. minimum pull is being exerted by the winchC. automatic operation of the winch is desiredD. wire is being retrieved at the maximum rate39.Dual (双的)electro-hydraulic steering units usually operate ______.A. with both pumps on line at the same time B．with one pump on standbyC．with the follow-up gear disconnected D．only when the rudder is moved amidships40.One factor that determines the frequency of an alternator is the ______.A. number of turns of wire in the armature coilB. number of magnetic polesC. strength of the magnets usedD. output voltage41.An electrical device which employs a stationary armature and a rotating electromagnetic field isused aboard ship as a ______.A. magnetic amplifierB. ship's service alternatorC. three-wire DC generatorD. saturable core reactor42.Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is ___ .A. D.C.B. A.C. C. generatorD.fresh water generator43.Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic ______.A. voltage regulatorB. reverse power relayC. reverse current relayD. governor control switch44.______shall be continuously powered and shall have an automatic changeover to a stand bypower supply in case of loss of normal power supply .A. Cooling systemB. Alarm systemC. The air conditioning installationD. The mooring equipment45.Switchboards may be of the dead-front type in which all live parts are installed behind ______andonly the operation handles and instruments are on the frontA. the capstanB. the collectorC. the panelsD. the surface46.The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to ______on most ships.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boards47.The primary function of an electric motor is to ______.A. develop torqueB. generate high voltagesC. produce a magnetic fieldD. generate high electrical resistance48.Electrical leads and insulation on a motor should be painted with ______.A. heat-resisting acrylicB. heat-resisting aluminumC. insulating varnishD. insulating white lead49. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. should short the circuit when overloaded50.Electric circuits are protected against short circuits by means of a/an _______.A. diode(二极管)B. amplifierC. circuit breakerD. capacitor51.The electrolyte in a lead-acid storage battery consists of distilled water and ______.A. hydrogen chlorideB. calcium chlorideC. sulfuric acidD. muriatic acid52.When under maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unitor console should be ___.A. automatically controlledB. off powerC. continuously mannedD. continuously unmanned53.______is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. Varying speed54.After “F.W.E.” is given, the air system is shut down, the ______gear put in, all drains andindicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A. steeringB. timingC. turningD. running55. A tank which has been sealed for a long period of time can be dangerous because ______.A. steel surfaces consume oxygen by rustingB. sealed tanks usually form a vacuumC. moisture condenses in the tank, displacing the oxygenD. most tank coatings give off poisonous vapors in the presence of moisture56. A class 'C' fire is burning ______.A. diesel oilB. magnesiumC. dunnageD. electrical insulation57.To prevent the spread of fire by conduction, you should ______.A. close all openings to the areaB. remove combustibles from direct exposureC. cool the bulkheads around the fireD. shut off all electric power58.The lengthening of a crack formed in the shell plating of a ship may be prevented by ______.A. welding brackets across both ends of the crackB. chipping out and slot welding the entire crackC. drilling a hole at each end of the crackD. cutting a square notch at each end of the crack59.After a fire has been extinguished in a closed space, personnel may safely enter the space when______.A. smoke density has been decreased sufficiently to see the bulkhead opposite the compartment'sentranceB. a lifeline and explosion proof flash light are usedC. all smoke and toxic fumes are removed and an adequate oxygen supply is presentD. overhaul has been completed to remove any possible source of re-ignition60.While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel. What should you do first?A. Stop loadingB. Notify the harbor administration.C. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollution.D. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill.61.To anneal (退火)a copper gasket, you should heat the gasket _______.A. and quench it in oilB. cherry red and quench in waterC. and let it cool slowly in the airD. and carbonize it62.When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should ______.A. examine the condition of the propellerB. chip and paint all hull protection zincsC. install new docking plugs in all cofferdamsD. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging63.The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents thatpersonnel are watching at engine assembly control station and monitoring all machinery and electronic devices.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-164.Which of the following operations must be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I?I. Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spacesII. Bunkering of fuel oilA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I nor II65.Your ship‟s certificat es show that you did not do renewing work for certificate. All certificateshave expired a few days before. Thus, your ship is ______.It follows therefore that she will______.A. seaworthy / be fined in our portB. un-seaworthy/ be disassembled in our portC. seaworthy / be assembled in our portD. un-seaworthy / be detained in our port66.“Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers” is an identification of a______.A. substandard shipB. standard shipC. over-standard shipD. reference ship67.When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately,many factors shall be taken into account.A. satisfied engineersB. qualified ratingsC. satisfied chief engineerD. qualified chief engineer68.The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall notify the chief engineer withoutdelay______.A. in any emergency or if in any doubt as to what decision or measures to takeB. in the event of any impending action in machinery spaces that may cause reduction in ship‟sspeedC. when isolating and bypassing machinery to be worked onD. co-operating with any engineer in charge of maintenance work69.At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer shall consult with ______whether or not tomaintain an underway watch.A. the engineer officer in charge of watchB. the deck officer in charge of watchC. the masterD. the chief mate70.The term "moderate speed" was previously interpreted as meaning a speed which would enable avessel ______within half the range of visibility.A. stoppingB. being stoppedC. to stopD. to be stopped71.One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is ______.A. skimmersB. strawC. dispersantsD. sawdust72.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of allinternational treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. efficiencyD. safety73.The Company should ensure that the master is fully ______with the Company's SMS.A. familiarB. understandC. conversationD. confused74.______means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall bemaintained at all times, threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments.A. Security level 1B. Security level 2C. Security level 3D. Security level 4二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）With many small package boilers, the automatic control sequence usually ensures that the boiler fire is initially ignited from a diesel oil supply, and changed over to the usual source when ignition is completed. With good management, to facilitate subsequent starting from cold, the fuel system of large boilers will have been flushed through with diesel oil when the boiler was on light duty immediately prior to being secured. When burning such diesel fuel it is essential for safety that only the correct (small) burner tip should be used. It should be kept in mind that if fire does not light, immediately shut off fuel and vent furnace.Complete ignition of fuel in the furnace is essential. The burner flame, the smoke indicator and the funnel should be frequently observed. With satisfactory combustion, the flame should appear in candescent （白热的）with an orange shade at the flame tip, and a faint brownish haze should show at the funnel. If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separates from the primary swirler, momentary opening or closing of air register may correct. 75. Small package boilers will use _______ while being lit up.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil76. After large boilers being secured, the fuel in the feeding line will be____.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil77. If large boilers were not lit up, _____.A. feed water to normal levelB. stop fuel supply immediately and purge the furnaceC. light the boiler againD. reset the burner78. An indication for a good combustion is ______.A. white smokeB. brown haze in the funnelC. orange flame tipD. swirl oil spray三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79. 船舶加油期间，如发现船舶附近水面有油或发生溢油事故，都应立即停止加油作业。

1002级轮机英语期末考试（A）考试班级：1002轮机2.3.4.5班班级：姓名：分数：第一部分：单选题1.1886 The starting current of an a.c. motor is_____ the rated current.A. the same asB. much larger thanC. less thanD. equals2.1895 With a_____ load the voltage and current are in phase.A. pure resistanceB. capacitiveC. inductiveD. None of the above3.1905 The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to_____ on most large ships.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boards4.1906 Switchboards may be of the dead-front type in which all live parts are installed behind_____ and only the operation handles and instruments are on the front.A. the capstanB. the collectorC. the panelsD. the surface5.1907 Remote control means that_____.A. the system is manned manuallyB. the system is situated remotely from the operatorC. the system is controlled automaticallyD. all the above6.1911 The difference between measured and desired values is called_____.A. make-upB. desired valueC. deviationD. set value7.1916 Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure the circuits are_____.A. liveB. deadC. excitedD. on line8. 228.Before starting an engine by air ,the engine must _________A. be turned by a turning gear for at least one minuteB. be turned by a turning gear for at least two minutesC. be turned at least one complete turnD. be turned at least two complete turns9.1924 Shore power must be_____ during dock repair.A. disconnectedB. switched offC. cut offD. connected10.1927 The switchboards for a.c. systems differ from the d.c. switch gear in that the open type panels are generally_____ and the dead-front switch gear is the common rule.A. permissiblyB. permissibleC. no permissibleD. not permissible11.1932 Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is_____.A. A.C.B. D.C. C. generatorD. fresh water generator12.1935 The separate supplies are connected in either star or delta formation. The star formation is most commonly used and requires_____ slip-rings on the alternator.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five13.1941 The difference between measured and desired values is calledA. offsetB. errorC. deviationD. set value14.1946 After the trouble of the automatic control system has been completely eliminated, assistance is_____ required.A. remainedB. stillC. no longerD. much mere15.1952 The field coils_____ and the armature is_____. This is in fact the arrangement adopted for large, heavy duty alternators.A. stationary/rotateB. stationary/stationaryC. rotate/stationaryD. rotate/rotate16.1954 An a.c. switchboard is usually_____ the corresponding d.c. board because of the higher voltage and lower currents and smaller bus-bars.A. larger and heavier thanB. as much asC. smaller and lighter thanD. more dangerous than17.1963 In_____ the control action is independent on(of) the output.A. a closed loop control systemB. an open loop control systemC. a boiler control systemD. a steering gear control system18.1965 It_____ for an emergency generator to require paralleling.A. is usualB. is not usualC. is necessaryD. is not impossible19.1982 Which of the motors for the devices listed below is fitted with an instantaneous overload relay?A. FanB. PumpC. WinchD. Machine tool20.1986 An electrical device which prevents an action from occurring until all other required conditions are met is called a/an_____.A. limitB. monitorC. modulatorD. interlock21.1987 A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both_____.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. All of the above22.1997 A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the_____.A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reverse power relay23.2005 What will be the phase angle relationship of a six-pole, three-phase, rotating field generator _____.A. 60B. 120C. 180D. 36024.2017 Copper is often used as an electrical conductor because it_____.A. has high resistance at low temperaturesB. has a highly polished surfaceC. is able to pass current with little oppositionD. holds insulation together well25. In a series circuit, which value will remain unchanged at all places in the circuit?A. V oltageB. CurrentC. ResistanceD. Inductance26.2027 The total resistance of a parallel circuit is always_____.A. larger than the greatest branch resistanceB. smaller than the lowest branch resistanceC. equal to the sum of the individual branch resistancesD. one-half the sum of the individual branch resistances 27．2159 _____ means the Government of the State whose flag the ship is entitled to fly.A. AssemblyB. OrganizationC. CompanyD. Administration28.2035 The part of the shipboard electrical system used to control the distribution of power to the branch circuits, is the_____.A. bridge control panelB. disconnect linksC. governor relay boxD. main switchboard29. 2472 The port state control inspection is carried out on the basis of the following international conventions. Among them, which one was not set by IMO?A. LL66B. ITC69C. ILO No. 147D. SOLAS 74r30.2038 Possible phase relationships between voltage and current in an alternating current circuit include which of the following conditions?A. Current and voltage may be in phase.B. Current may lead the voltage.C. Current may lag the voltage.D. All of the above.31.2084 An ammeter should be used to measure_____.A. the voltage between two points in a circuitB. circuit continuityC. current flow in a circuitD. total or partial circuit resistance32. 2203 The International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate required by MARPOL is issued to China flag by the_____.A. IMOB. CCSC. USCGD. PICC33. 2102 When voltage and current developed in an AC circuit reach their peak values at the same time, the power factor is_____.A. laggingB. leadingC. maximumD. minimum34. 2096 V oltage will always lead current in a/an_____.A. capacitive circuitB. inductive circuitC. magnetic circuitD. resistive circuit35. 2111 When paralleled, AC generators must have the same_____.A. frequencyB. number of phasesC. phase rotationD. All of the above36. 2116 Prior to closing the breaker when paralleling two AC generators, the recommended practice is to have the frequency of the incoming machine_____.A. slightly less than the line frequencyB. the same as the line frequencyC. slightly greater than the line frequencyD. All of the above37. 2291 A person on a fixed or floating platform engaged in oil exploration MAY discharge food waste into the sea whenthe distance from the nearest land is at leastA. 3 nautical milesB. 5 nautical milesC. 12 nautical milesD. 25 nautical miles38. 2121 The unit of electrical power is the_____.A. ampereB. kilovoltC. wattD. farad39. 2146 _____is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. V arying speed40. 2465 _____ should not undertake any task which will interfere with the supervision duties relating to the main machinery and associated equipment.A. The watch keeping personnelB. The chief engineerC. The person on a bunker bargeD. The duty deck officer41. 2151 Bridge orders must be_____ and a record of any required changes in speed and direction should be kept..A. slowly carried awayB. carried out with a period of delayC. promptly carried outD. paid by the captain42. 2421 The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that all machinery involved with the maneuvering of the ship can immediately be placed in the_____ of operation when notified that the ship is in congested waters.A. manual modeB. automatic modeC. remote modeD. follow-up mode43. 2161 While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel. What should you do first.A. Stop loadingB. Notify the harbour administrationC. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollutionD. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill44. 2163 The basic training in fire prevention and fire fighting should include the practical elements which should allow the trainees to acquire the ability to_____.A. use self-contained breathing apparatusB. use various types of portable fire extinguishersC. effect a rescue in a smoke-filled space wearing breathing apparatusD. All of the above45.2412 The order “_____” means “Maximum maneuvering engine revolution for aheadpropulsion.”A. Full AheadB. Half AheadC. Full AsternD. Half Astern46. 263. Why ship repair is an inherently difficult business to manage in the conventional sense?A. Because it is difficult to plan and manageB. Because it is cannot be will categorizedC. Because it is a difficult work for people to undergoD. Because it is seldom researched by researcher47.2166 The fire-fighting practical training should take place in spaces which provide truly realistic training conditions, and whenever possible and practical should be carried out in_____.A. darknessB. daylightC. simulated engine-roomD. all of the above.48. 2186 The distance between the bottom of the hull and the waterline is called_____.A. tonnageB. reserve buoyancyC. draftD. freeboard49. 2191 The approval period for a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan expires after _____.A. one yearB. two yearsC. four yearsD. five years50. 2193 A shipboard oil pollution emergency plan is required of_____.A. all vessels, regardless of size and commercial applicationB. any barge or other ship which is constructed or operated in such a manner that no oil in any form can be carriedaboard C. an oil tanker of 150 gross tons or above, or other ship of 400 gross tons or aboveD. an oil tanker of 400 gross tons and above, or other ships of 150 gross tons and above51. 2196 To prevent the spread of fire by conduction, you should_____.A. cool the bulkheads around the fireB. remove combustibles from direct exposureC. close all openings to the areaD. shut off all electric power52. 2199 Burning diesel oil should be treated as which class of fire?A. Class "A"B. Class "B"C. Class "C"D. Class "D"53. 2200 If your vessel has a starboard list after taking on fuel, you would transfer fuel_____.A. to starboardB. to portC. forwardD. aft54. 2201 Convection spreads a fire as a result of_____.A. transmitting the heat of a fire through the ship's metalB. burning liquids flowing into another spaceC. heated gases flowing through ventilation systemsD. the transfer of heat across an unobstructed space55. 2204 The International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate is valid for a period of_____.A. one year from the date of issueB. two years from the date of issueC. three years from the date of issueD. four years from the date of issue56. 2205 A class "B" fire would most likely occur in the_____.A. main switchboardB. engine room bilgeC. breathing compartmentD. electric fresh water transfer pump57. 2208 If an oil spill occurs on deck, you should_____.A. cover the area with foamB. cover the area with absorbent materialC. wash down immediately with a fire hoseD. wash down immediately with an oil dispersing solvent58. 2215 A class "C" fire would occur in_____.A. beddingB. pipe insulationC. paintD. a generator59. 2458 At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer officer shall consult with_____ whether or not to maintain an underway watch.A. the engineer officer in charge of watchB. the deck officer in charge of watchC. the masterD. the chief mate60. 2230 The class of fire on which a blanketing effect is essential to extinguish the fire is_____.A. class AB. class BC. class CD. class D61. 2233 Which of the listed classes of fire would most likely occur in the engine room of a vessel?A. Classes A and BB. Classes B and CC. Classes C and DD. Classes A and D62. 2234 One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is_____.A. skimmersB. strawC. dispersantsD. sawdust63. 2235 A class "D" fire would be considered as burning_____.A. woodB. oilC. electrical equipmentD. magnesium64. 2242 The use of sinking and dispersing agents for the removal of surface oil is_____.A. the most common method used in the United StatesB. too expensive for common useC. generally safe to sea lifeD. generally harmful to sea life65. 2238 Fires involving combustible metals are classified as_____.A. class "A" firesB. class "B" firesC. class "C" firesD. class "D" fires66. 2244 A tank which has been sealed for a long period of time can be dangerous because_____.A. steel surfaces consume oxygen by rustingB. sealed tanks usually form a vacuumC. moisture condenses in the tank, displacing the oxygenD. most tank coatings give off poisonous vapors in the presence of moisture67. 2246 A tank has been sealed and unventilated for a long period of time. Which of the following conditions does this indicate?A. The tank is safe to enter.B. The tank is especially dangerous to enter.C. Carbon monoxide is present.D. Water vapor present when the tank was sealed has oxidized.68. 2460 With UMS, when the engine room is unwatched,_____ will control the main engine.A. the bridge officer on watchB. the chief engineerC. the duty engineerD. the duty motorman69. 2248 An example of class "A" fire is a/anA. electrical fire in the engine roomB. oil fire in the engine room bilgesC. oil fire involving a grade "A" petroleum productD. mattress fire in a stateroom70. 2250 Why is it necessary to warn engine room personnel before activating the fixed CO2 system?A. To make them aware there is a fire.B. To let them know they should leave the engine room.C. To prevent possible injury from frostbite.D. To make them aware that ventilation will automatically stop.71. 2279 Y our assigned emergency stations aboard your vessel can be found on the ship's_____.A. muster listB. certificate of inspectionC. clearance papersD. permit to proceed72. 2283 The process that occurs when heat is generated by a chemical reaction within a substance and continues to a point of ignition is known as_____.A. chemical ignitionB. spontaneous combustionC. chemical combustionD. radiation ignition73. 2297 The term "discharge", as it applies to the pollution regulations, meansA. spillingB. leakingC. dumpingD. All of the above74. 2318 If a fire ignites in the engine room as a result of a high pressure fuel oil leak, you should FIRST_____.A. secure the ventilationB. find a soda acid extinguisherC. shut off the fuel oil supplyD. secure the generator75. 2321 The FIRST step to take in fighting an engine room fire resulting from a ruptured fuel oil service line, is to_____.A. evacuate all engine room personnelB. fight the fire with hand portable extinguishersC. activate the main CO2 bankD. stop the flow of leaking fuel oil76. 2334 The necessity for administering artificial respiration may be recognized by the victim's _____.A. vomitingB. blue color and lack of breathingC. irregular breathingD. unconscious condition77. 2335 All personnel should be familiar with the lifeboats_____.A. boarding and operating proceduresB. maintenance scheduleC. navigational systemsD. fuel consumption rates78. 2366 Which of the precautions listed should be observed when taking on diesel fuel?A. Secure all lighting to the main deckB. Provide a portable fan to blow away fumesC. Prohibit smoking in the areaD. Display a black triangle during daylight hours79. 2367 To avoid excessive pressures in the fuel oil filling system during bunkering, you should _____.A. close the tank filling valves quicklyB. top off all tanks at the same timeC. rill completely all tanks to less than 95 % fullD. reduce the loading rate when topping off80. 2376 During fueling operations, which of the listed precautions should be taken when topping off fuel tanks?A. Reduce the pumping rate by closing the deck filling valve.B. Close all overflow valves.C. Place 5 gallon containers under all flange connections in the fuel line.D. Reduce the pumping rate and sound tanks frequently as the level rises.81. 2416 After the order “_____” is given, the air system is shut down, the turnin g gear put in, all drains and indicator cocks opened, and the cooling water and lubricating oil systems kept running.A. Stand-by EngineB. Stop EngineC. Finished With EngineD. Dead Slow Ahead82. 2426 The Port Authorities, in accordance with the IMO resolutions have been carrying out_____ to enhance safety of ships.A. CPPB. FPPC. PSCD. FSC83. 2434 If you must enter a room or compartment to combat the fire , keep an escape path_____.A. openB. closeC. opensD. closes84. 0093 Additives_____ protective layers on metal surfaces guarding them against corrosion.A. damageB. formC. dissolveD. contaminate85. 1835 When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should_____.A. examine the condition of the propellerB. chip and paint all hull protection zincsC. install new docking plugs in all cofferdamsD. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging86. 2382 The lengthening of a crack formed in the shell plating of a ship may be prevented by_____.A. welding brackets across both ends of the crackB. chipping out and slot welding the entire crackC. drilling a hole at each end of the crackD. cutting a square notch at each end of the crack87. 2497 A(n)_____ is a mechanical attack on the metal surface which may be due to a disturbance in the flow of the waterover the blade of the propeller.A. erosionB. corrosionC. pittingD. dezincification88. 264. Which one of the following repair will cost the least cost? ______A. routing docking repairB. voyage repairC. damage repairD. convention第二部分:关联题1.The control officer may determine if all operational requirements of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78 have been met, taking into account:(1) the quantity of oil residues generate;(2) the capacity of sludge and bilge water holding tank(s);and(3) the capacity of the oily water separator.including the inspection of the oil record book. The control officer may determine if reception facilities have been used and note any alleged inadequacy of such facilities.The control officer may determine whether the responsible officer is familiar with the handling of sludge and bilge water. The relevant items from the guidelines for systems for handling oily wastes in machinery spaces of ships may be used as guidance. Taking into account the above, the control officer may determine if the ullage of the sludge tank is sufficient for the expected generated sludge during the next intended voyage. The control officer may verify that, in respect of ships for which the Administration has waived the requirements of regulation 16( 1 ) and (2) ,all oily bilge water is retained on board for subsequent discharge to a reception facility.When reception facilities in other ports have not been used because of inadequacy, the control officer should advise the Master to report the inadequacy of the reception facility to his own flag State, in conformity with MEPC/Circ.215 of April. 1989.89. All the following factors should be considered by the control officer except_____.A. the quantity of oil residues generateB. the capacity of sludge holding tanksC. the capacity of bilge water holding tanksD. the capacity of the oil separator90. The control officer may determine if the ullage of the sludge tank is sufficient for the expected generated sludge during the next intended voyage. According to this sentence, which of the following statements is true?A. The control officer has known that the sludge tank is too small.B. The next voyage has been decided.C. The sludge generated during the voyage is too much to be filled into the sludge tank.D. The ullage of the sludge tank is enough.91. MARPOL Convention is formulated by_____.A. the Flag StateB. the Port StateC. the IMOD. the ILO92. The word "waive" is closest in meaning to_____.A. wait for willinglyB. suggest in willinglyC. insist on willinglyD. give up willingly2.At appropriate intervals inspection should be made of the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear spaces. Any routine adjustments may then be made and malfunctions or breakdowns can be noted, reported and corrected. During these tours of inspection bilge level should be noted, piping and systems observed for leaks, and local indication instruments also be observed.Bridge orders must be promptly carried out and a record of any required changes in speed and direction should be kept.When under standby or maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unit or console should be continuously manned,.Certain watchkeeping duties will be necessary for the continuous operation of equipment or plant the transferring of fuel for instance.in addition to these regular tasks other repair or maintenance tasks may be requiredof the watchkeeping personnal.however,no tasks should be undertaken which will interfere with the supervisory duties relating to the main machinery and associated equipment.During the watch a log or record will be taken of the various parameters of main and auxiliary equipment. Fuel consumption figures are used to determine the efficiency of operation, in addition to providing a check on the available bunker quantities. Lubrication oil tank levels to some extent indicates engine oil consumption. If the sump level were to rise this would indicate water leakage into the oil and an investigation into the cause must be made. The engine exhaust temperature reading should all be about the same to indicate an equal pow er production from each cylinder. The various temperature and pressure values for the cooling water and lubrication oil should be at, or near to, the manufacturer's designed values for the particular speed or fuel lever settings.(The following questions are based on the passage above)93. The first paragraph mainly about_____.A. what should be done during the watchB. what should be done during tours of inspectionC. what the duty personnel should do when they begin their watchD. all of the above94. The watchkeeping personnel_____.A. should note bilge levelB. should observe piping for leaksC. should undertake required tasks not affecting their supervisory dutiesD. All of the above are tree.95. Fuel consumption figures are used to_____.A. determine the efficiency of operationB. provide a check on the available bunker quantitiesC. Both A and B are true.D. Neither A nor B is true.96. Which of the following can best substitute the word "figures" (underlined in the fourth paragraph)?A. charactersB. valuesC. contentsD. bunkers答题纸：班级：姓名：分数：。

Passage 1（原题库第1篇）Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.第3题The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms.第4题The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine's secondary oil supply manifold throughdrillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.第2题The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.第4题To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke.第1题All adjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.1. According to the Passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine注：根据文章来看，调节阀间隙的最好时间是在发动机启动之前。

第一章船舶动力装置0001 “ Before disconnecting the Oil pipe ， would you flush theoil retained in the pipe _______?”asked the oil barge owner． 0001 BC．by using Of sea water <用海水） D．with chemical compound<用化学混合物）b5E2RGbCAP油驳主人问：“在拆开油管前，你能否用压缩空气吹出保留在管路中的油呢？”加油结束后，在拆卸油管前，一般用压缩空气吹洗残留在软管内的油。

0002 “Stand by an engine” means _____。

“发动机备车”意“使发动机准备起动”。

p1EanqFDPwA．“prepare to stop the engine ” <准备停止主机）B．“assemble an engine on its bedplate” <在机座上装配主机）C．“make an engine ready for starting” <使主机准备好以便起动）DXDiTa9E3dD．“dismantle an engine ” <解体主机） 0002C0003 A _______ is the foundation of the engine，without the support of which the shaftRTCrpUDGiTalignment in particular，and engine structure as whole，would inevitably be lost．5PCzVD7HxA<机座是柴油机的基本，没有它的支撑柴油机整机结构的精确的轴线对中将会失去）A．Frame <机架） B．Bedplate<机座） C. Cylinder <汽缸） D．Liner<缸套） jLBHrnAILg“机座”是发动机的基础。

轮机系统英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the primary function of a marine engine?A. To generate electricityB. To propel the shipC. To provide heatingD. To cool the engine2. The term "deadweight tonnage" refers to:A. The weight of the ship without cargoB. The maximum cargo capacity of the shipC. The weight of the ship fully loadedD. The total weight of the ship including cargo3. Which of the following is NOT a type of marine fuel?A. Heavy fuel oilB. Marine diesel oilC. Liquefied natural gasD. Gasoline4. What does the abbreviation "BOP" stand for in a ship's engine room?A. Ballast On PumpB. Blow Off PressureC. Black Oil PumpD. None of the above5. The main purpose of a ship's propeller is to:A. Generate electricityB. Provide stabilityC. Change the direction of the shipD. Convert rotational motion into thrust6. What is the role of a marine boiler?A. To produce steam for propulsionB. To cool the engineC. To provide fresh waterD. To heat the ship's interior7. The term "trim" in ship terminology refers to:A. The angle of the ship's bowB. The weight distribution along the ship's lengthC. The shape of the ship's hullD. The speed of the ship8. What does "GT" stand for in ship specifications?A. Gross TonnageB. Gross TransportC. General TransportD. Global Trade9. The main difference between a diesel engine and a steam turbine is:A. The type of fuel usedB. The method of converting thermal energy into mechanical energyC. The color of the engineD. The size of the engine10. What is the purpose of a ship's bilge system?A. To clean the ship's hullB. To remove water from the ship's interiorC. To provide fresh water for the crewD. To cool the engine答案：1. B2. B3. D4. D5. D6. A7. B8. A9. B10. B二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The main components of a marine engine include the__________, the __________, and the __________.2. The term "draught" refers to the __________ of the ship below the waterline.3. A ship's hull is divided into several __________ to increase its structural integrity.4. The "load line marks" on a ship indicate the __________ of the ship when loaded with cargo.5. The "freeboard" is the distance between the waterline and the __________ of the ship.6. The "safety valve" in a marine boiler is designed to__________ pressure.7. The "main engine" is the primary source of __________ fora ship.8. The "stern tube" is the part of the ship where the__________ is located.9. "Machinery space" refers to the area where the ship's__________ are located.10. The "lifeboat" is a vessel designed to __________ people in case of an emergency.答案：1. engine, boiler, turbine2. depth3. compartments4. maximum permissible draft5. deck6. relieve excessive7. propulsion8. propeller9. engines10. rescue三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）1. Explain the difference between a single-screw ship and a twin-screw ship.2. Describe the function of a ship's anchor and how it is used.答案：1. A single-screw ship is propelled by a single propeller, which is driven by the main engine. It is simpler in designand usually less expensive to build and maintain. A twin-screw ship, on the other hand, has two propellers, each driven by an engine, which can be the same or different. This configuration provides better maneuverability, redundancy in case one engine fails, and often results in higher speeds.2. A ship's anchor is a device used to secure the ship when it is not in motion, particularly in harbors or at sea when the ship needs to be stationary. The anchor is dropped to the seabed, where it digs into the bottom, providing resistance to the ship's movement. The anchor is connected to the。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART 1 DICTATION 15 MINListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times: During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.PART 2 LITENING COMPREHENSION 20 MINSECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section, you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.1.According to the conversation, an example of“Christmas trimmings”could beA. presents.B. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2.A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCECTA. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots3.Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Bob.B. She had come to help Bob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.4.Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5.We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organize language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6.According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7.What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.8.According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9.The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages.Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.11. According to today?s weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountain.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.14.According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15.The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is16.According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten yearsEXCEPT A. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17.What could be topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.18. People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow 19. Which of the following NewYear?s traditions signals friendship? A. Throwing old dishes. B.Wearing something red. C. Wearing something white. D. Eatinground fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one?s own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to the passages carefully and then answerthe questions that follow.Questions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.21.What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollars.A.1B.2C.3D.4Questions 23 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24.Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B.There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D.The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given10 seconds to answer the questions.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given10 seconds to answer the questions.27.What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28.The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules becausethey A. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given10 seconds to answer the questions.29.Why is increase in livestock production necessary?30.What does the word“challenge”mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART 3 CLOZE 15 MINDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the correspondi ng blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) _____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) _____ the workers in government offices who (33) _____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) _____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) _____ ever yone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) _____, which is called income tax, (39) _____. It is arranged in such (40)______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ____ as the taxpayer's inco me grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per c ent! (43) _____ countries with taxation nearly (44) _____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or“ duties. Of” course, it is the men and women who buy these imported thing s in the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) _____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ____ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)___ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less m oney is obtained but the tax is (50) ______as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and highf or the rich, is the best arrangement.PART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Tw o.51.Facing the board of directors, hedidn?t deny ________ breaking theagreement. A. himB. itC. hisD. its52.Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语 )B. objectC.adverbialD. complement.53.Which of the following is a compound word (复合词 )? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54.Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C.Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights. D.Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55.The following determiners(限定词 ) can be used with both plural and uncountablenouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB.enough.C.many.D.such.56.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you? ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57.Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词 )? ______.A. Much.B.Neither.C.One.D.Quarter.58.All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A.Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B.The President is coming to the UN next week.C.The school pupils will be home by now.D.He is going to email me the necessary information.59.Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.60.Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61.Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.62.Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind. ,63.If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.64.Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It?s getting late, and I must leave now.D.He must be working late at the office.65.The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词 ) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C.write. D.knock.66.____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A.AdheringB.AdoptingC.AdjustingD.Acquainting67.He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________.A. dullB.boring C.long D.hard68.At last night?s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. Theunderlined part means ________.A. I was unable to doC. I was unable to stopB. I couldn?t understandD. I couldn?t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award71.The child nodded, apparently content with his mother?s promise. The underlinedpart means _________.A. as far as one has learntB.as far as one is concerned C.as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72.The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A.issueB.argumentC.pointD.sentence73.Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work.The underlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74.The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75.Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76.No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77.The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A.conclusiveB.definiteC.eventualD.concluding78.As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79.She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD.restricted80.The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ___ ______. A.brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four sug gested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a greatspee ch.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, enterta ining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagenin December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to fir mer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to pe ople's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, a ccurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. （流行病） announced, the idea of“swineflu ” many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk （鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work t o inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81.The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______“great speaking ability”?85.What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wan ted to make a new kind of headphone. I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were list ening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is rin ging. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “ It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone”. Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfe cted a prototype, and outsourced（外包） manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn?t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get thebusiness off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife,“Can I puta （抵押贷款） on the house? She said, What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again?I. definitely married the rightwoman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers“.Factories won 't ship your product till they get paid,”he says.“But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first”.Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling the m in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores.“ We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take hom e a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn?t sell, but we were dealing with huge num bers. It?d kill us to take back all the productsAlden?s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores andtripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren?tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory“. In the beginning,” he says,“ that little white wire that said youha d an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you?re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible”.Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the compan y is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86.Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87.The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C.mountain hikers. D.marathon runners.88.Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89.What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90.Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.“ Sit down, ” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. Ilaughed and said,“It can't be that bad”.But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a“safe” fund witha brilliant financial guru （金融大亨） .When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. SinceBernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wishI could say I had reservations about Madoff before“the Call” , but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered atTaj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked,“If you could haveyour money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “ I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I sto od. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open.?dI been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn?t satisfy me, because I wasn?t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money bac k, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, andthey didn?t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability beingripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I ?d started to get complacent. It?s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩） . Now they?re awake, alive— and I don?t want to go back.”Theseweren?tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke tha t she was moving into someone?s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy andweren't sure where or how they were going to live.91.What did the author learn from Taj?s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92.How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B.Disappointed.C.Indifferent.D.Desperate.93.According to the passage, to which was she“ forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C.Her lost savings. D.Her experience.94.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95.What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your jo b is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can?t change your behaviour by simply resolving to doso mething. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which ti res easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you?ll probably do so, too. The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed byhabit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don?t try to ignore your afternoon snackcraving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulate。

Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.第3题The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms.第4题The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine's secondary oil supply manifold throughdrillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.第2题The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.第4题To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke.第1题All adjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.1. According to the Passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine注：根据文章来看，调节阀间隙的最好时间是在发动机启动之前。