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专题六介词重难点分析介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。
不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件等之间的关系。
介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
一、介词从结构上分类一览表介词的分类简单介词只有单独一个词的介词：after, at, on, in, during, since, till/until等(时间介词)；across, over, through, past, near, to, above等(方位介词)；by, for, down, from, of, off, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, up, with, about, against, along, among, around等复合介词由两个单一词合成的介词：into, inside, onto, outside, throughout, towards, upon, within, without等短语介词形容词、分词或副词+介词：according to, away from, down to, inside of, near to, opposite to, owing to 等连词+介词：as for, as to, because of等介词+介词（又称双重介词）：from among, from behind, from under, till after等介词+名词+介词：by means of, in front of, in spite of, on account of, with regard to等名词+介词：thanks to由其他词类转用分词concerning 关于，considering 鉴于，including 包括，regarding 关于形容词或副词like 像，near 接近，opposite 在……对面，unlike 不像，round 围绕……，next 和……接邻连词than 比，but 除了……之外名词despite 不管、不顾二、主要介词的区别1. 表示时间的at, in, onat表示片刻的时间。
高三英语介词的考点归纳与解题指导一、考点归纳介词在语法填空中每年必考。
主要考点有：1. 简单介词。
如：after，as，like，behind，for，from，of，in，on，at，to，with，by，about，above，across，against，below，beside，between，beyond，during，opposite，past，despite，near 等。
2. 复合介词。
如：throughout，outside，within，without，onto，into，upon等。
3. 短语搭配中的介词。
如at a price，on one’s own，on sale，at table，be tired from doing，show respect for，reward sb. for sth，in a low voice等。
此外，常用介词构成的短语：二、解法指导介词后一定要接宾语，作宾语的通常是名词、代词或动名词。
因此，做纯空格的语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词，且他们不是在句中作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。
然后根据句子意思和具体语境来确定填哪一个介词。
[例1]（2013年广东）The only reason a man would sell salt ______a lower price would bebecause he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect ______the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.解析：因名词短语a lower price和the sweat and struggle在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语，应是作介词的宾语，空格处应填介词；第一空，根据与price的搭配，填at，at a lower price表示“以更低的价格”；第二空，由show respect for可知，填for。
高考语法填空介词解题技巧1．判断空后是否有谓语，确定填介词设空后没有谓语动词，而是名词、代词、动名词或what从句，且它们不在句中作主语也不作动词的宾语，则该空填介词，空后的部分作它的宾语。
2．记牢一词多义的情况(1)for：①(去向)往；向，如：leave for 动身去……；②为得到，为获取；③表一段时间，如：for two years 两年；④因为，由于；⑤就……而言。
(2)in：①in＋一段时间，用于将来时；②in＋表示“方式/语言/材料”的名词，表“以……方式/用……语言/材料”；③表方向，朝，向，如in the direction。
(3)by＋交通工具/通信工具，也可表方式，如by car/train/air/sea/letter/email/phone/hand。
(4)with：①带有，具有；②用，以；③和……在一起；④因为，由于；⑤和其他动词连用。
(5)beyond：①在……另一边；②在……更远处；③超出；非……所能及。
(6)as用作介词，意为“作为”，常用于一些动词之后；work as 从事……工作；serve as 可用作……；act as 担任；充当……。
3．依据句式和搭配填介词①与动词搭配，如：mistake ... for ... “把……误认为……”；devote ... to ... “致力于……”。
②与名词或代词搭配，如：(a) lack of “缺乏……”；on one's own/by oneself “靠自己”。
③与形容词搭配，如：be absent from “缺席”；be busy with “忙于”。
课堂练习1．We were first greeted with the barking by a pack________ dogs, seven to be exact. 2．Corn uses less water ________ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.3．I was searching________ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.4．This trend was started by the medical community (医学界) ________ a method of fighting heart disease.5.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and________ work.6.After school she plans to take a year off to model full－time before going to university to get a degree________ engineering or architecture.7.The answer________ this question is not clear.8．First celebrated ________ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions (地区)．9．One cup of coffee ________ the late afternoon or evening will cause them to stay awake almost all night.10．If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home ________ dinner，get a few cooking tips from her.11．But my connection with pandas goes back________ my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s.12．Most of us are more focused________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.13．Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ________ their hands.14.The mother continued to care for the young panda ________ more than two years.课后练习（一）The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 1they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2(poor) studied;however,biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods 3tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 4(perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a 6(believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 7(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 8(high) than they actually are.Of 9nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six 10(be) stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
高考英语语法填空技巧英语语法填空题不给词情况在高考英语中，命题者不给词，则填词范围必然有一定限制，即不会填名词、动词、形容词和副词等，而要填冠词、定语从句、介词、连词、代词等。
在全国III卷高考英语试题中，主要考查了冠词、定语从句和介词，下面将介绍这三类的解题技巧。
1.冠词。
包括不定冠词a、an和定冠词the，不定冠词一般用于单数可数名词前，定冠词则特指前文出现过的名词，同时还有以下特殊用法，即乐器名词、same前要用定冠词the等。
例如：……she is earning $ 6500 a day as 62model in New York.解析：此题考查冠词，(1)可数名词前用a或an。
(2)抽象名词与物质名词前不用冠词(特指除外)。
(3)复数名词前不用冠词(特指除外)。
此题的名词model，为可数名词，并以单数形式出现，因而用不定冠词a。
意思一个模特。
2.定语从句。
主要由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导，不过要注意what不能引导定语从句，且关系词的分析要考虑其在定语从句中的成分。
例如：…… 64has take n part in shows along with top models wants 65(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her66(educate).解析：此题考查定语从句，且为用逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句。
指人时必须用who，不能用that。
若为限制定语从句的话，则who与that都能够使用。
3.介词。
介词是高考英语语法填空题中常考的内容，需要引起足够的重视。
在日常学习过程中，教师要让学生注意积累一些介词短语，如accuse sb of(指控某人有……罪);be on vacation(在度假);at a loss(困惑，不知所措);be crowded with(挤满了……);be caught in(突然遇上……等)。
11 高考语法填空抢分热点之介词一、考点精讲1.常用介词。
例如：before“在......之前”；as“作为”；beyond“超过，在......之上”；with“和......在一起，随着”；by“通过，被，由”。
2.介词后跟名词、代词宾格、动名词或宾语从句作宾语。
例如：On hearing the bad news，he couldn’t help crying.（听到这个坏消息，他忍不住哭了。
）；He makes his living by tell stories.（他以讲故事为生。
）3.短语介词、介词短语和介词的固定搭配。
例如：along with“连同......一起”；by chance“偶然，意外地”；a visit to“对......的访问”；contact with“与......取得联系”；depend on“依赖，依靠”。
二、高考题经典解读1. A lot of skills are needed _____ the job.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。
句意：这项工作需要很多技能。
此处用for表示目的，意为“为了”。
故答案为for。
Giant pandas also serve _____9___ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 考查动词短语。
句意：大熊猫也是保护伞物种，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来了保护。
动词短语：serve as“充当，担任”，其中as是介词，意为“作为”。
故答案为as。
2.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack __________ dogs ,seven to be exact.【答案】of【解析】考查介词。
备考202X年高考高中英语语法突破重难易错点专题02 介词介词是连接词语与其他成分的词，在高中英语中是一个重要的语法要点。
介词的使用正确与否直接影响到句子的表达是否准确和自然。
本专题将介绍一些常见的介词用法，帮助学生在备考高考英语时突破介词的重难易错点。
一、介词与名词的搭配1. in，on，at，by与时间的搭配- in表示月、季节、年、世纪等一段时间。
例句：I was born in 1995.（我出生于1995年。
）- on表示星期、月份的某一天。
例句：I have a meeting on Monday.（我星期一有个会议。
）- at表示具体的时间点。
例句：The party starts at 7 o'clock.（晚上7点开始聚会。
）- by表示在某一时间之前或之前的不久。
例句：I'll be back by 5 o'clock.（我会在5点之前回来。
）2. in，on，at与地点的搭配- in表示大的地方，例如国家、城市、大陆等。
例句：She lives in New York City.（她住在纽约市。
）- on表示小的地方，例如街道、楼层等。
例句：The cafe is on the first floor.（咖啡馆在一楼。
）- at表示具体的地点或某一场合。
例句：We will meet at the park.（我们会在公园见面。
）3. with，in，on与名词的搭配第1页/共4页- with表示伴随某人或某物。
例句：She went to the movies with her friends.（她和她的朋友一起去看电影。
）- in表示某事物的内部或某一方面。
例句：He is interested in art.（他对艺术感兴趣。
）- on表示某事物的表面。
例句：There is a book on the table.（桌子上有一本书。
）二、介词短语的用法1. look after，take care of与照顾的区别- look after表示照料某人或某物，强调照顾的一段时间。
语法填空解题技巧一一词法口诀：Be形中副冠名中形冠形后名动介后宾动看时形名冠数形代看反复动介形句副形副比较连词逻辑固定搭配1 ,Be形中副考试陷阱：（be+空格+形）：副词（空格）I walked in the rain, so I was (terrible) ill.The traffic was (fair) bad.The president said he was (extreme) glad to know that the satellite designed by the students would be launched.2, 冠名中形考试陷阱：（冠+空格+名）：形容词（空格）I always drive my car at a (danger)speed.We can save our planet in an (effect) way.The little boy is curious about the (mystery) world.3, 冠形后名（冠+形+空格）：名词（空格）Yesterday, I got an excellent (radio) from my friend.Yesterday, I got excellent (book) from my friend.I searched the Internet for more (information) on my major.4, 动介后宾/-ing考试陷阱：（动/介+人称代词（空格）：人称代词的宾格（介+动词（空格）：-ingEvery student is here without (he)The teacher introduce (we) that her new ways to write a good article. The students crossed the road without (watch) the traffic lights.5，动看时形动词的时态：现在时/过去时/完成时等动词的形式：原型/第三人称单数/主被动Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.The first time I went there,I (find) a big change there.It was Monday morning,and the writing class had just (begin).I didn’t realize how right my parents (be) until I entered high school.It was required that all the entries be (present) in English within 5 minutes .6,名冠数形考试陷阱：名词前不定冠词a/an,定冠词the的用法可数名词单复数；不可数名词名词前用形容词这些高频词只能用a,如：university，useful，usual，European，one-eyed，one-way等；这些高频词只能用an,如：hour, honest,unusual,honorable等He told me that it’s university which is located in the south of the city.He went to countryside to visit his grandparents.They had a big house to raise dozens of (chicken).We often get some useful (information) from Internet.I’m sure we’ll have a (wonder) time together.I enjoyed studying (difference) kinds of cars and planes.7,代看反复考试陷阱：代词考反身代词/物主代词/人称代词/指示代词/疑问代词/不定代词/相互代词代词考人称单复数At the first day of my high school,Miss Wang,my English teacher,asked us to introduce (we)in English.The weather was much hotter than in my hometown.My uncle has a hotel. I hope (he) business will get better.While using the road,you must walk on the pavement and learn to protect (you).8，动介形句用副考试陷阱：动词、介词、形容词、副词、句子用副词修饰(unfortunate),many people died in this accident.It does not cost (many), yet we can still learn a lot.It must have been____ (fair) unpleasant for the passsengers, with all the smoke and noise.This company is (bad) in need of new blood.He was (deep) in conversation with his accountant.The lesson makes us live (positive).9,形副考比较/最高考试陷阱：比较级和最高级的一般规则出现than, less, more, more and more,even等标志性词，形容词、副词该用比较；出现the most/least...,in/among...用最高级；As+空格+as结构用原型：形容词/副词的原型The book in your hand is （heavy）than Li Lei.Please be as (calm)as me.You should eat less ,drink less and sleep ( much).—It’s smoggy these days. That’s terrible!—Yes.I hope to plant trees.______( many) trees，______( little) air pollution. —Tom,what do you think of the school?—Oh,no other school is ____(good) in the city. It’s ____( good) one.—Let’s go shopping at the new mall.—Why not shop online?It’s ________(expensive).10,连词逻辑考试陷阱：①并列连词：and, but, so，or,both...and, either...or, neither nor, not...but, not only...but also等；②从属连词：when,what,how,that,which,who,whose,whom,as,if,unless,though,whether,unt il,before等；Fenghuang in Hun an doesn’t look like a bird, its name means “phoenix” in Chinese.I told my father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.I work not because I have to, because I want to.We must do the Party teaches us.The question is we can finish the task on time.the last minute of the match we kept on playing.He almost knocked me down he saw me.I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment. You can watch TV, you can go to bed.11，固定搭配（略）二句法：（口诀）名后有句是定从（除抽象名词外）动后有句是宾从（动词为行为动词）句首逗号隔开，是状从（句不缺成分）三时态与语态、非谓语（口诀）完成记标志未做目的用to do主伴习惯doing,被动完成ed三句法名后有句是定从（除抽象名词外）考试陷阱：名词（除抽象名词外）后面的句子考定语从句中的关系词的辨析Yesterday, on my way home, I met an old man was my Chinese teacher.Yesterday, on my way home, I bought a pen cost me 5 yuan.He is working hard, will make him pass the final exam.She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, is named after his grandfather.The prize will go to the writer _______story shows the most imagination.Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly.All the neighbors admire this family, the parents are treating their child like a friend.Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.She’ll never forget her stay there ___ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.________ we stress many times, “serve the people” is our first po licy.2, 动(行为动词）后有句是宾从考试陷阱：动词后面的句子考宾语从句的谓语时态及连词用法He said that he (finish)his homework already.These wild flowers are so special I would do _____ I can to save them.Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please？But before long they began to see was happening.3, 句首逗号隔开(不缺成分），是状从考试陷阱：优先考虑if,, when,unless其次考虑although/though,since, because,where，which最后考虑before,after.He talked on, he got more and more excited.his mother tells him a story,the little boy won’t go to sleep.we are going to place our new furniture,we haven’t discussed yet.the lunch bell finally rang, my friends and I met under a tall tree and had our lunches.I must say you do look familiar, I don’t believe we’ve met before.四时态与语态、非谓语1, 完成记标志考试陷阱：完成时标志时间词：already , ever , never , yet , just , before, still ,recently, lately ,for ,up to now, until,so far，in the past/last+时间，at present等；since 的用法；完成进行时的用法等。
