扬州大学试题纸

扬州大学2023年《新闻与传播专业综合能力》考研真题A卷一、名词解释(共4小题，每小题5分，共20分)1.新闻敏感2.机器新闻写作3.网络新闻直播4.回声室效应二、简述题(共3小题，每小题10分，共30分)1.简述传播新技术对新闻采写的影响。

2.简述互联网演进的内在“连接”逻辑。

3.简述作为信息消费者的网络用户的特点。

三、论述题(共2小题，每小题25分，共50分)1.结合实例，论述新媒体环境下“沉默的螺旋”理论的变异性与适用性。

2.结合实例，论述互联网的未来走向及对传媒业的影响。

四、实务题(共2小题，第1题20分，第2题30分，共50分)1.以“老年人如何预防金融诈骗”为主题，请你拟一份采访计划。

(20分)计划内容：(1)采访主题及目的；(2)采访前准备；(3)采访对象；(4)采访提纲等。

2.请根据以下提供的材料撰写一篇评论，字数600-800字。

(30分) 2023届高校毕业生迎来了秋招季，很多即将毕业的学生发现，大部分招聘岗位除了对专业、学历有要求外，还要求求职者有相关岗位的技能经验、工作经验。

面对现实，年轻大学生们似乎无心质疑这样的要求是否合理，而是扭头早早投入到了实习大潮中。

近期，媒体采访调查发现，越来越多的大学生早在大一大二的寒暑假尝试去各种行业、岗位实习，甚至还会“翘课”参加实习。

有学生表示，面对经济下行压力和疫情给就业市场带来的不确定性，他们提前感知到了来自考研、就业的竞争压力。

还有学生表示，将实习提前至大一大二，可以为准备考研、保研预留充分时间，也可以为求职、为寻找适合自己的职业发展方向提供帮助，这是他们的一条重要的“破局之路”。

扬州大学考试题型及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 扬州大学的校训是以下哪一项？A. 求实创新B. 厚德载物C. 知行合一D. 自强不息答案：C2. 下列哪项不是扬州大学提供的专业学位？A. 工学B. 医学C. 法学D. 农学答案：B3. 扬州大学成立于哪一年？A. 1902年B. 1911年C. 1921年D. 1952年答案：A4. 以下哪项不是扬州大学的校风？A. 团结C. 求实D. 竞争答案：D5. 扬州大学图书馆藏书量大约有多少册？A. 100万册B. 200万册C. 300万册D. 400万册答案：C6. 扬州大学的校庆日是哪一天？A. 5月20日B. 10月1日C. 11月11日D. 12月31日答案：A7. 以下哪位不是扬州大学的知名校友？A. 张三B. 李四C. 王五D. 赵六答案：D8. 扬州大学的主校区位于哪个城市？B. 苏州C. 扬州D. 无锡答案：C9. 扬州大学有多少个学院？A. 18个B. 22个C. 26个D. 30个答案：B10. 扬州大学的学生总数大约是多少？A. 20000人B. 25000人C. 30000人D. 35000人答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 扬州大学的校歌名称是“________”。

答案：扬大之歌12. 扬州大学在________年被确定为江苏省重点支持建设的高校。

答案：2017年13. 扬州大学的校徽由________、________和________三种颜色组成。

答案：蓝色、白色、绿色14. 扬州大学的一项特色教学方法是________教学法。

答案：案例分析15. 扬州大学每年的________是学生展示自我才华的重要平台。

答案：文化艺术节16. 扬州大学的________学院是国内著名的农学研究机构。

答案：农业与生物技术17. 扬州大学的________实验室是国家级重点实验室。

答案：生物技术18. 扬州大学的学生宿舍区通常被称为________。

扬州大学大一下英语试卷本试卷共四大题，12页，满分110分。

考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、考点考场号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

听力部分一、听录音，选出你所听到的选项。

（5分）1、A. traffic B. train C. tell2、A. taxi B. film C. ship3、A. street B. sled C. straight4、A. stop B. go C. wait5、A. next weekend B. today C. tomorrow二、听录音，选择恰当的答语。

（10分）1、A. You can take the No.15 busB. You can see the No.15 bus.C. Go straight and you can see the cinema.2、A. It’s the post o fficeB. It’s next to the post office.C. It’s next to the supermarket.3、A. No, it isn’t.B. No, there isn’t.C. Yes, there isn’t.4、A. You’re right.B. You’re welcome.C. see you.三、听录音，判断下列句子与你所听内容是（T）否（F）一致。

微机原理及应⽤试题扬州⼤学试题纸Array ( 2009－2010学年第1学期)⼴陵学院07 班（年）级课程微机原理及应⽤ (A)卷1. 以程序存储和程序控制为基础的计算机结构提出者是（B ）A.布尔B.冯﹒诺依曼C.图灵D.帕斯卡尔2．⼗进制数95转换成⼆进制数是（D ）A. 10010101B. 01100101C. 0100110D. 010111113．⼤写字母C的ASCII码是（C ）A. 11001100BB. 00001100BC. 01000011BD. 01000111B4．在微机中，主机和⾼速硬盘进⾏数据交换，⼀般采⽤的⽅式是（ D）A. 程序直接控制⽅式B. 程序中断控制⽅式C. ⽆条件传送⽅式D. DMA⽅式5．将寄存器AX的内容求反的正确指令是（ C ）A. NEG AXB. CMP AX,0FFFFHC. NOT AXA.变址寻址B.寄存器寻址C.基址寻址D.基址变址寻址7. 8086/8088响应不可屏蔽中断时，其中断类型号是（A ）A.由CPU⾃动产⽣B.从外设取得C.由指令INT给出D.由中断控制器提供8.8086指令队列的长度是 ( C )A. 4个字节B.5个字节C.6个字节D.8个字节M/、WR、RD信号的状态依次9. 在最⼩模式下，CPU从外设读取数据操作，IO为（ A ）A. 0，1，0B. 0，三态，0C. 0，0，1D. 1，1，010.在8086系统中，CPU被启动后,IP及四个段寄存器的初始状态是(D )A.全部清0B.全部被置成FFFFHC.IP=FFFH 四个段寄存器清0D.CS=FFFH,其它寄存器被清011.设SP＝000CH，SS＝00A8H，在执⾏POP AX指令后栈顶的物理地址为（ D ）A.000B6HB.00A8EHC.000B2HD.00A8AH12.8086/8088中断类型号为40H的中断服务程序⼊⼝地址存放在中断向量表中的起始地址是（ B ）A.DS：0040HD.0000：0040H13.CPU响应两种硬件中断INTR和NMI时相同的必要条件是（ B）A.允许中断B.当前指令执⾏结束C.总线空闲D.当前访问操作结束14.异步串⾏通信的主要特点是( B )A.通信双⽅不需要同步B.传送的每个字符是独⽴发送B.字符之间的间隔时间应相同 D.传送的数据中没有控制信息15.中断现场保存在 ( D )A.中断源中B.软盘或硬盘中C.中断向量表中D.堆栈中16.8255A能实现双向传送功能的⼯作⽅式是 ( C )A. ⽅式0B.⽅式1C.⽅式2D.⽅式317. RS-232C是 C( C )A.⽚总线标准B.内总线标准C.串⾏通信标准D.局部总线标准18.8086在对储存器进⾏读、写时,若存储器⼯作速度较慢,CPU在(C )A.T1与T2之间插⼊TWB.T2与T3之间插⼊TWC.T3与T4之间插⼊TWD.T4与T1之间插⼊TW19.若⽤2⽚6116RAM(2K×8)及2⽚2732EPROM(4K×8)组成存储器，则存储器的总容量是（ A ）A. 12KBB. 10KB20.在串⾏通信中，使⽤⽐特率来表⽰数据的传输速率，它是指（C ）A.每秒传送的字符数B. 每秒传送的字节数C.每秒传送的位数D. 每分钟传送的字符⼆、填空题(20%，每题2分)1.8086 CPU 是 16 位微处理器。

7扬州大学试题纸（2007—2008学年第 二 学期）学院 级 课程 有机化学 试卷（B ） 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 总分得分一、 单项选择题（每小题 1分，共22 分）在下列每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确的答案，并将其字母标号填入括号内。

1. 在烷烃的自由基取代反应中,不同类型的氢被取代活性最大的是 ( )：A ．一级；B ．二级；C ．三级；D ．那个都不是。

2.环已烷的所有构象中最稳定的构象是 ()：A ． 船式；B ．扭船式；C ．椅式；D ．半椅式。

3.① 环丙烷、② 环丁烷、③ 环己烷、④环戊烷的稳定性顺序 ( )：A ．①＞②＞③＞④；B ．④＞③＞②＞①；C ．④＞②＞③＞①；D ．③＞④＞②＞①。

4. RMgX 与( )反应，可用来制备RCOOH ：A ．CH 2O ；B ．CO 2；C ．H CO 2H ；D ．CH 3OH 。

5. 下列化合物中，酸性最弱的是 ()：A. 甲酸；B. 乙酸；C. 三氯乙酸；D. 三氟乙酸。

6. ① 叔戊醇、② 仲丁醇、③ 正丙醇、④ 甲醇与苯甲酸发生酯化反应，按活性顺序排列应是 ()：A ．③＞④＞①＞②；B ．④＞③＞②＞①；C ．④＞②＞③＞①；D ．①＞②＞③＞④。

7. 黄呜龙是我国著名的有机化学家，他改进的化学反应是 ( )：A. Hoffmann 降解反应；B. Dils-Ald 反应；C.用肼还原羰基的反应；D. 合成二茂铁的反应。

8. ( )：A ． 二甲基乙酰胺；B ．N-甲基乙酰胺；C ．N, N-二甲基乙酰胺；D ．乙酰基二甲胺。

9. ①三苯胺、 ②二苯胺、 ③对-甲氧苯胺、 ④苯胺; 按碱性递减排列顺学院 系 班级 学号 姓名-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------装--------------------------------订-------------------------------线-------------------------------------------------------------------序是( )：A.②＞④＞③＞①；B. ①＞②＞③＞④；C. ③＞④＞②＞①；D. ④＞①＞③＞②。

A应如何？试求作用在弧形闸门上的静水总压力的大小、方向和作用点。

的局部水头损失系数ξ值。

《水力学》（A ）答案 （水利06级，2008-06-19）一、单项选择题1-C ； 2-A ； 3-C ； 4-D ； 5-B ； 6-A ； 7-D ； 8-D ； 9-B ； 10-A二、填空题1 当地(或时变)加速度、迁移(或位变)加速度2 粘滞；重3 抛物线；矩4 下游水深t h ；收缩断面跃后水深ch '' 5 线变形；角变形6 水力坡度7 h s /H 0>0.8 8 29 40；0.049三、简答题1．都不正确(1’)。

第一根测压管中的水位应同容器中的水位一样高(1’)，第二根测压管中的水位应比容器中的水位略低一些(1’)。

2．层流和紊流(1’)。

雷诺数νVd=Re ，其中V 是断面平均流速，d 是圆管直径，ν是液体运动黏度(1’)。

当2000Re <=νVd时为层流，2000Re >=νVd时为紊流(1’)。

3．圆形过水断面的水力半径大(1’)。

面积为A 的正方形过水断面的湿周为A x 41=，水力半径为4/)4/(1A A A R ==(1’)。

面积为A 的圆形过水断面的湿周为A A d x ππππ4/42===，水力半径为ππ4/)4/(2A A A R ==(1’)。

四、计算题 1解：上游水平水压力：)(2.2352352004398005.0212211→==⨯⨯⨯==kN N gbH P x ρ (2’) 下游水平水压力：)(8.58588002398005.0212222←==⨯⨯⨯==kN N gbH P x ρ(2’) 水平水压力合力：)(4.1768.582.23521→=-=-=kN P P P x x (1’)压力体为1/8圆柱减去三角形柱体。

垂直水压力：3]2/28/)22([9800])(2181[222212⨯-⨯⨯=--==ππρρb H H R g gV P zkN N 5.3310005.33)2(39800=⨯=-⨯⨯=π (4’)静水总压力的大小：kN P P P z x 6.1795.334.1762222=+=+=(1’)静水总压力的方向：与水平线间的角度o 8.104.1765.33arctan arctan ===x z P P β(1’) 静水总压力的作用点：距下游水面m 53.0sin ==βR Z D (1’) （或：距上游水面m 53.2sin =+=βR R Z D ） （或：距底部m 47.1sin =-=βR R Z D ）2解：/s m 00275.0120/33.0/3w ===t V Q （1.5’）m/s 40.1)4/005.014.3/(00275.0/2=⨯==A Q V （1.5’） 列A 、B 断面的能量方程得：gV g V d L h h h j f 2222w ξλ+=+= （4’） 6.194.1)05.0605.0(63.02ξ+= （1’）3.0=ξ （2’）3解：连续方程：2211A v A v =，m/s 9209121==v v （1’） 对1-1，2-2断面列能量方程g v g v g p z g v g p z 222222222221111ςαραρ+++=++ (0=ζ) （2’） 8.9220008.92)(0229201⨯++=⨯++g p ρ （1’） 21kN/m 197.5=p （1’）/s m 1028.62002.014.34133222-⨯=⨯⨯⨯==A v Q （1’） N 558kN 558.006.014.3415.197.2111==⨯⨯⨯==A p P c （1’） P 2=0 （1’） 对所取坐标系列动量方程： )(1221v v Q R P P -=--βρ （2’） )209120(1028.6100.1055833⨯-⨯⨯⨯⨯=---R112558=-R （2’）R = 446N （←） （1’）∴ 螺栓所受的拉力与R 大小相等，方向相反。

扬州大学综合英语三级考试试卷YZUCET Band3A (2010-01-14)Part I Listening Comprehension (35 %)Section A: Conversations (15%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) Go fishing. B) Eat in a restaurant.C) Go shopping. D) Buy some fish.2. A) She won’t do favors for others.B) She will return the book on her way to work.C) She can’t return the book for the man.D) She works at the school library.3. A) His son watches games all day long.B) His son has a serious hearing problem.C) His son enjoys watching videos a lot.D) His son is addicted to video games.4. A) She hopes to study the Polar Regions.B) She likes Professor Webster’s class.C) She is very much interested in the physics course.D) She has no intention of taking the physics class.5. A) In the park. B) Between two buildings.C) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree.6. A) Get some change from Jane.B) Use the woman’s phone.C) Go looking for a pay phone.D) Pay for the phone call.7. A) He enjoys writing home every week.B) He never fails to write a weekly letter home.C) He doesn’t write home once a week now.D) He has been asked to write home every week.8. A George’s brother. B) George’s father.C) George’s wife. D) George’s wife’s father.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) One B) Two. C) Three. D) Four.10. A) He wanted to work in the daytime.B) He wanted to earn more money.C) He wanted to work with a big restaurant.D) He wanted to work with his friends.11. A) One sick day a month. B) One month holiday a year.C) Health insurance. D) Free training.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) A study group. B) A history exam.C) The man’s painting. D) A professional artist.13. A) Making a gift for the woman. B) Working on a class assignment.C) Discussing his career. D) Preparing to teach an art class.14. A) By listening to her father. B) Go to collect the garbage.C) By talking to the studio art instructor. D) By taking several art courses.15. A) Take a history exam. B) Go to an art exhibit.C) Meet some classmates D) Help the man with his painting.Section B: Short Passages (10%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) It can be cooked in many ways.B) It is delicious but inexpensive.C) It gives higher yields than other grain crops.D) It grows easily in various conditions.17. A) Fried potatoes. B) Tomato juice. C) Sweet corn. D) Chocolate beans.18. A) They led to the discovery of America.B) They made Native American food popular.C) They brought great wealth to Spain.. D) The made Native American life styles well-known.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) The writer enjoys sleeping very much.B) The writer doesn’t like money at all.C) Bill Gates does not know how to enjoy himself.D) Mental-well being is the most important thing.20.A) Material life. B) Sports life C) Spiritual life. D) Working life.21.A) It’s very commercialB) It’s very noisy.C) It’s very insecure.D) It’s very unfriendly.22. A) Importance of A Good Night’s Sleep.B) The Best Things Money Cannot Buy.C) Taking Good Care of Oneself.D) How to Enjoy Life Thoroughly.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) The Bachelor’s degree.B) The Associate degree.C) The Master’s degree.D) The Doctor’s degree.24. A) A technical associate degree.B) A degree which is designed for transfer.C) A Bachelor’s degree.D) The last degree one can ever hope to attain.25. A) 120 quarter hours.B) 95 quarter hours.C) 120 credit hours.D) 72 credit hours.Section C: Compound Dictation (10%)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage isread for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1) toS8) with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S9) to S11)you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can eitheruse the exact words you hove just heard or write down the main points in your ownwords. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check whatyou have written.Once open only to the rich, who could S1)_______the fees of expensive country club, tennisis becoming more and more S2)________. Tennis courts are S3)_______ up everywhere. There are indoors and outdoors courts, and even courts on the S4)_______of skyscrapers. Sporting goods S5)_______are doing a booming business in tennis S6)_______. Tennis clothing has beenan important item in the S7)_______world.Early in its S8)________tennis was the sport of king and,S9)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. The French King Charles V loved to play tennis, but he was very fat and must have been a comical sight on the tennis court.S10)_____________________________________________________________________________. In England, Henry VI outlawed tennis because leaders of his time were angry that women wore less clothing when they played. S11)_______________________________________.Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)Section A Skimming and ScanningDirections:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For the statements numbered from 26 to 35, please chooseA (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in thepassage;B (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in thepassage;C (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line though thecenter.How to Green Your WorkA greener workplace can mean a lighter ecological footprint, a healthier and more productive place to work, and good news for the bottom line. Whethe r you’re the boss or the employee, whether your office is green already or still waiting to see the light, some practical steps can lay the groundwork for a healthy, low-impact workspace.1．More work, less energyFor many people, a computer is the central tool at work. Optimizing the energy settings for computers and other devices can be more than a modest energy saver. Set computers to energy-saving settings and make sure to shut them down when you leave for the day (“standby” settings will continue to draw power even when not in use). By plugging hardware into a power strip with an on/off switch (or a smart power strip), the whole desktop setup can be turned off at once (make sure to power down inkjet printers before killing the power—they need to seal theircartridges). Printers, scanners, and other peripherals that are only used occasionally can be unplugged until they’re needed. And of course, turn off lights in spaces that are un occupied.2．DigitizeIt does seem a bit strange that in the “digital age” we still consume enormous amounts of mashed up, bleached tree pulp, most of which gets used once or twice and then tossed or recycled (“downcycled,” as McDonough and Braungart would call it). The greenest paper is no paper at all, so keep things digital and dematerialized whenever possible. The more you do online, the less you need paper. Keep files on computers instead of in file cabinets (this also makes it easier to make offsite backup copies or take them with you when you move to a new office). Review documents onscreen rather than printing them out. Send emails instead of paper letters. New software like Greenprint helps eliminate blank pages from documents before printing and can also convert to PDF for paperless document sharing.3．Don’t be a paper pusherWhen buying printer paper, look for recycled paper with a high percentage of post-consumer content and the minimum of chlorine bleaching. Even recycled paper gobbles up a great deal of energy, water, and chemical resources in its processing (toxic pulp slurry is the paper recycling i ndustry’s dirty secret). When using the real stuff, print on both sides of the page when appropriate and use misprints as notepaper. Try to choose printers and photocopiers that do double-sided printing. If your office ships packages, reuse boxes and use shredded waste paper as packing material.4．Greening the commuteAmerican workers spend an average of 47 hours per year commuting through rush hour traffic. This adds up to 3.7 billion hours and 23 billion gallons of gas wasted in traffic each year. We can ease some of this strain by carpooling, taking public transit, biking, walking, or a creative combination thereof. If there’s no good way to phase out your car, consider getting a hybrid, electric vehicle, motorcycle, scooter, or using a car sharing service like Flexcar or Zipcar. See How to Green Your Car for more depth on the subject. Some employers are even giving a bonus to bike and carpool commuters and special perks to hybrid drivers. For those who think bike riding is for kids and tattooed couriers, consider a high-tech folding bike or an electrically assisted one (see below for more).5．Green sleevesYou might be amazed how sharp work clothes from thrift stores can look. If you buy new, get clothes made with organic or recycled fibers. Avoid clothes that need to be dry-cleaned, and if they so demand it, seek out your local "green" dry-cleaner. See How to Go Green: Wardrobe for more tactics on greening those work duds.6．Work from homeInstant messaging, video conferencing, and other innovative workflow tools make effective telecommuting a reality. If you can telecommute, hold phone conferences, take online classes, or otherwise work from home, give it a try. It'll save you the time you would have spent on the trip as well as sparing the air. As a bonus, you get to work in your pajamas. Telecommuting works for 44 million Americans (not to mention the TreeHugger staff). Also, consider the possibility of working four ten-hour days instead of five eight-hour days (a consolidated workweek), cutting the energy and time spent on commuting by 20% and giving you some lovely three-day weekends.7．Use Green MaterialsSome paper use can't be avoided, so use recycled paper and envelopes that have been processed and colored using eco-friendly methods. Pens and pencils can also be made of recycled materials, and refillable pens and markers are preferable to disposable ones. Use biodegradable soaps and recycled paper or cloth towels in the bathroom and kitchen, and provide biodegradable cleaners for the custodial staff. Buy in bulk so that shipping and packaging waste are reduced, and reuse the shipping boxes. Recycling printer cartridges is often free, and recycled replacements are cheaper than new ones.8．Redesign the WorkspaceGreening the space in which you work has almost limitless possibilities. Start with good furniture, good lighting, and good air. Furniture can be manufactured from recycled materials as well as recyclable. Herman-Miller and Steelcase are two groundbreaking companies that have adopted the Cradle-to-Cradle protocol for many of their office chairs. Incandescent bulbs can be replaced with compact fluorescents and there is an ever-growing selection of high-end LED desk lamps that use miniscule amounts of energy. Not only is natural daylight a free source of lighting for the office, it has been proven to improve worker productivity and satisfaction (as well as boost sales in retail settings). Workspace air quality is also crucial. Good ventilation and low-VOC paints and materials (such as furniture and carpet) will keep employees healthy (look for How to Green Your Furniture coming soon).9．Lunch timeBringing lunch to work in reusable containers is likely the greenest (and healthiest) way to eat at work. Getting delivery and takeout almost inevitably ends with a miniature mountain of packaging waste. But if you do order delivery, join coworkers in placing a large order (more efficient than many separate ones). Also, bring in a reusable plate, utensils, and napkins. If you do go out for lunch, try biking or walking instead of driving.10．Get others in on the actShare these tips with your colleagues. Ask your boss to purchase carbon offsets for corporate travel by car and plane. Arrange an office carpool or group bike commute. Trade shifts and job duties so that you can work four long days instead of five short ones. Ask the office manager to get fair trade coffee for the break room and make sure everyone has a small recycling bin so that recycling is just as easy as throwing paper away. Ask everyone to bring ina mug or glass from home and keep some handy for visitors so that you reduce or eliminate use of paper cups.26.To power off the electronic devices when they are not at work is a better way to save energythan a modest energy saver.27.According to the second suggestion, a green office had better substitute computer files forpaper files.28.In a green office, paper can be reused as file-paper or to be made into boxes for package.muters taking a ride to work will be awarded with a bonus.30.Clothes made with organic or recycled fibers usually do not require being dry-cleaned.31.If conditions permit, working at home by telecommuting can save you a day each week.32.Buying products in bulk can reduce packaging waste, but is a waste of energy if you don’treally need so many.33.Natural daylight is a free source of lighting for the office, besides that, it has been proven toimprove workspace air quality.34.The greenest way to eat at work is to bring lunch to work in reusable containers.35.To reduce or eliminate the use of paper cups, you can bring in a mug or glass from homeand keep some handy for visitors.Section B Reading in DepthDirections: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onthe Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Electronic books could revolutionize reading, but people ought to consider their far-reaching impacts as well. “The e-book promises to wreak a slow havoc(浩劫) on life as we know it,” Jason Ohler, professor of technology assessment(评估), university of Alaska Southeast in Juneau, warned the World Future Society, Bethesda, Md. His assessment weighed the pros and cons(赞成和反对的理由)of e-book technology’s impact on so cial relationships, the environment, the economy, etc. Before you curl up（蜷曲）with an e-book, consider the disadvantages.They increase eyestrain due to poor screen resolution, replace a relatively cheap commodity with a more expensive one, and displace workers in print book production and traditional publishing. E-books make it easy to share data, thereby threatening copyright agreements and reducing compensation of authors, as well as creating nonbiodegradable（不可生物降解）trash.On the other hand, e-books save paper and trees, reduce the burden of the carrying and storing of printed books, promote self-sufficiency in learning, and make reading a collaborative experience online. They also create new jobs for writers and artists and encourage self-publishing.In final analysis, Ohler points out, e-books should gain social approval if a few conditions are met: make them biodegradable and recyclable, solve the problem of eye fatigue (疲劳), besure the “have-nots” get the technology, and support e-book training in schools and business.36. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?A) Draw peoples attention to the disadvantages of e-books.B) Call on people to reject e-books.C) Criticize schools and business that don’t provide e-books.D) Encourage people to use e-books37. What is Jason Ohler’s attitude towards e-books?A) Positive B) Indifferent C) Cautious D) Suspicious38. In what sense do e-books exert a negative impact on the environment?A)They are unable to be broken down into harmless products.B) They consume a lot of natural resources.C) They produce harmful gases.D) They are capable of being reused.39. What is e-books negative impact on social relationships?.A) They create new jobs only for writers.B) Fewer and fewer people have access to new technology.C) They may threaten some traditional trades.D) They isolate people from one another.40. What does Ohler suggest regarding the use of e-books?A) The society should ensure the poor have access to the technology.B) The society should ban the use of e-books if they cannot reduce eye fatigue.C) The society should approve of the use of e-books if they are made recyclable.D) The schools should solve the present problems of e-books.Passage TwoQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Before he left for Iraq, Shaun Blue never talked about the war with his friends. He didn't need to. "We all knew where each other stood," says Mike Bell, a fellow Marine who attended the University of Southern California with Blue. They were juniors when the war began. "All of us wanted to go. All of us wanted to be there."Blue had considered dropping out of college to enlist in the Marines rather than finishing school and entering as an officer. He was a voracious reader, a philosophy major whose interests ranged from hard sciences to Roman architecture. (His mother says he asked for a copy of Moby Dick as a Christmas present in second grade.) In college he was as serious about conditioning his body as he was his mind. He played pickup basketball in some of L.A.'s toughest neighborhoods. Once, late at night, after drinking beer with Bell, Blue told Bell he was going for a run. He donned a flak jacket for added weight and ran the darkened L.A. streets alone for hours, finally returning to the house shortly before dawn.Blue set off for his first deployment to Iraq on July 4, 2005. He joined the Marine campaign in Anbar province, leading a platoon in the Fallujah area. Even in the desert reaches of Iraq, Blue found ways to call Bell and his younger sister Amy Blue, who was living inIreland at the time. "Those phone calls from him were the highlights of my days," says Amy. "Hearing him across all those miles, it was like he was right there with me." He was killed halfway through a second tour in Anbar, while riding in the passenger seat of a humvee悍马（一种军用吉普车）that was hit by a roadside bomb. "Twenty-five years is so short," his sister says, "but I am very lucky that I could call him a brother and a true best friend for that long.""He wanted to fight," says Bell of his fallen friend. "He really, really did. He couldn't wait."41. Before joining the Iraq war, Blue was__________A) a junior school studentB) a classmate of BellC) the youngest son of the familyD) a third-year student at a university.42. The word “voracious” (Line 2,Para.2) in this passage most probably means ______.A) Tiring of new information and knowledgeB) Eating a large amounts of foodC) Wanting a lot of new information and knowledgeD) Being in deep thought43. Which of the following sentences was NOT true?A) Blue had a wide range of interestsB) Blue was fond of reading booksC) Blue had a sound mind and bodyD) Blue liked having beer and running in the dark street44. From the passage we can learn that the author’s attitude towards Blue’s death is_____.A) Sad but helplessB) Bitter but approvingC) Critical and disapprovingD) Depressed and regretful.45. All the students of the University at Southern California wanted to go to Iraq because_ ______.A) they were tired of the university life and wanted to go abroadB) they were all patriotic and wanted to do something for their own countryC) they thought Iraq was a disgusted country and needed to be punishedD) they wanted to devote their lives to the U.S.APassage ThreeQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星)but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food, which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft,if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage-a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed（畸形的）children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys; the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far.46. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that ______.A) it protects him against the harmful rays from spaceB) it provides sufficient light for plant growthC) it supplies the heat necessary for human survivalD) it screens off the falling meteors47. We know from the passage that ________.A) exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatalB) the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in comingC) radiation is avoidable in space explorationD) astronauts in spa cesuits needn’t worry about radiation damage48. The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members _______.A) is insignificant B)seems overestimatedC) is enormous D) remains unknown49. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) the Apollo mission was very successfulB) protection from space radiation is no easy jobC) astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildrenD) radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers50. The best title for this passage would be _______.A) The Atmosphere and Our EnvironmentB) Research on RadiationC) Effects of Space RadiationD) Importance Protection Against RadiationPart III Cloze (10%)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits intothe passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with asingle line through the center.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an __51__ should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, __52__, most people make several job choices during their working lives, __53__ because of economic and Industrial changes and partly to improve their position. The "one perfect job" does not __54__. Young people should __55__ enter into a broad flexible training program that will __56__ them for a field of work rather than for a single __57__.Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans __58__benefit of help form a(n) __59__ vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing __60__about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss basis. Some __61__ from job to job. Others __62__ to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for __63__ real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students - or their parents for them - choose the professional field, __64__ both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal __65__. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a White-collar" job is no good 66__ for choosing it as life's work. __67_, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large 68__ of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the __69__ of young people should give serious __70__ to these fields.51.A) identification B) entertainment C) accommodation D) occupation52.A) however B) therefore C) though D) thereby53.A) entirely B) mainly C) partly D) possibly54.A) fade B) vanish C) survive D) exist55.A) since B) therefore C) furthermore D) forever56.A) make B) fit C) take D) leave57.A) job B) way C) means D) company58.A) with B) for C) without D) to59.A) competent B) competitive C) aggressive D) effective60.A) little B) few C) much D) more61.A) turn B) drift C) leave D) float62.A) apply B) appeal C) stick D) turn63.A) our B) its C) your D) their64.A) concerning B) following C) considering D) disregarding65.A) preferences B) requirements C) tendencies D) ambitions66.A) resources B) background C) reason D) basis67.A)Therefore B) Nevertheless C) However D) Moreover68.A) rate B) thickness C) proportion D) density69.A) majority B) mass C) minority D) multitude70.A) proposal B) suggestion C) consideration D) appraisalPart IV Translation (15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section 1 ( New College English )T1. 我们能够通过削减开支来弥补收入的不足，而我们的生活水准并没有明显下降。

扬州大学试题纸3————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：大学物理模拟试题（三）一、选择题：（共27分，每题3分）1．某质点作直线运动的运动学方程为x ＝3t -5t 3 + 6 (SI)，则该质点作 【 D 】 （A ）匀加速直线运动，加速度沿x 轴正方向． （B ）匀加速直线运动，加速度沿x 轴负方向． （C ）变加速直线运动，加速度沿x 轴正方向．（D ）变加速直线运动，加速度沿x 轴负方向．2．在升降机天花板上拴有轻绳，其下端系一重物，当升降机以加速度a 1上升时，绳中的张力正好等于绳子所能承受的最大张力的一半，问升降机以多大加速度上升时，绳子刚好被拉断？[ C ](A) 2a 1． (B) 2(a 1+g )．(C) 2a 1＋g ． (D) a 1＋g ．3. 如图，在光滑水平地面上放着一辆小车，车上左端放着一只箱子，今用同样的水平恒力F拉箱子，使它由小车的左端达到右端，一次小车被固定在水平地面上，另一次小车没有固定．试以水平地面为参照系，判断下列结论中正确的是 【 D 】(A) 在两种情况下，F做的功相等．(B) 在两种情况下，摩擦力对箱子做的功相等． (C) 在两种情况下，箱子获得的动能相等．(D) 在两种情况下，由于摩擦而产生的热相等．4. 如图所示，假设物体沿着竖直面上圆弧形轨道下滑，轨道是光滑的，在从A 至C 的下滑过程中，下面哪个说法是正确的？ [ D ](A) 它的加速度大小不变，方向永远指向圆心． (B) 它的速率均匀增加． (C) 它的合外力大小变化，方向永远指向圆心． (D) 轨道支持力的大小不断增加．5. 静电场中某点电势的数值等于 【 C 】 (A)试验电荷q 0置于该点时具有的电势能． (B)单位试验电荷置于该点时具有的电势能． (C)单位正电荷置于该点时具有的电势能．AR O Ca 1F(D)把单位正电荷从该点移到电势零点外力所作的功．6. 两只电容器，C 1 = 8 F ，C 2 = 2 F ，分别把它们充电到 1000 V ，然后将它们反接(如图所示)，此时两极板间的电势差为： 【 C 】 (A) 0 V ． (B) 200 V ．(C) 600 V ． (D) 1000 V7. 图示载流铁芯螺线管，其中哪个图画得正确？(即电源的正负极，铁芯的磁性，磁力线方向相互不矛盾．) 【 C 】8．如图所示，M 、N 为水平面内两根平行金属导轨，ab 与cd 为垂直于导轨并可在其上自由滑动的两根直裸导线．外磁场垂直水平面向上．当外力使ab 向右平移时，cd 【 D 】 (A) 不动． (B) 转动．(C) 向左移动． (D) 向右移动．9．横波以波速u 沿x 轴负方向传播．t 时刻波形曲线如图．则该时刻 【 D 】 (A) A 点振动速度大于零． (B) B 点静止不动． (C) C 点向下运动． (D) D 点振动速度小于零．二．填空题：（共33分）1、（本题3分）一质点沿直线运动,其运动学方程为x = 6 t －t 2 (SI)，则在t 由0至4s 的时间间隔内，质点的位移大小为 ____8m_______，在t 由0到4s 的时间间隔内质点走过的路程为_____10m____________．(A)SN (B)SN(C)NS (D)N S ++++xuA y BC D OC 1C 2cabdNMB2、（本题3分） 小船从岸边A 点出发渡河，如果它保持与河岸垂直向前划，则经过时间t 1到达对岸下游C 点；如果小船以同样速率划行，但垂直河岸横渡到正对岸B 点，则需与A 、B 两点联成的直线成 角逆流划行，经过时间t 2到达B 点．若B 、C 两点间距为S ，则(1) 此河宽度l =_________21222/t t S t _________________________；(2) =_______221221sin t t t 或 211/cos t t _____． 3、（本题5分）如图所示，一物体放在水平传送带上，物体与传送带间无相对滑动，当传送带作匀速运动时，静摩擦力对物体作功为___零_______；当传送带作加速运动时，静摩擦力对物体作功为____正______；当传送带作减速运动时，静摩擦力对物体作功为______负____．（仅填“正”，“负”或“零”）4、（本题3分）有一人造地球卫星，质量为m ，在地球表面上空2倍于地球半径R 的高度沿圆轨道运行，用m 、R 、引力常数G 和地球的质量M 表示时 (1)卫星的动能为__ GMm ／(6R )__________； (2)卫星的引力势能为___-GMm ／(3R )__________．5、（本题5分）有一瓶质量为M 的氢气(视作刚性双原子分子的理想气体)，温度为T ，则氢分子的平均平动动能为__23kT __________，氢分子的平均动能为___25kT _________，该瓶氢气的内能为_______25MRT /M mol _____________． 6、（本题3分）如图所示，把一块原来不带电的金属板B ，移近一块已带有正电荷Q 的金属板A ，平行放置．设两板面积都是S ，板间距离是d ，忽略边缘效应．当B 板不接地时，两板间电势差U AB =___)2/(0S Qd ________________ ；B 板接地时两板间电势差AB U __)/(0S Qd ________ ．7、（本题3分）如图所示，电容C 1、C 2、C 3已知，电容C 可调，当调节到A 、B 两点mA BSSd电势相等时，电容C =__ C 2 C 3 / C 1_______________．8、（本题3分）在磁场中某点磁感强度的大小为 2.0 Wb/m 2，在该点一圆形试验线圈所受的最大磁力矩为6.28×10-6 N ·m ，如果通过的电流为10 mA ，则可知线圈的半径为___ 1.0×10-2 _m ，这时线圈平面法线方向与该处磁感强度的方向的夹角为_____． 9、（本题5分）狭义相对论的两条基本原理中，相对性原理说的是_______见教材__________ _____________________________； 光速不变原理说的是______ _________________见教材____________________________________ .四、计算题（共40分）1、（本题10分）一飞轮以等角加速度2 rad /s 2转动，在某时刻以后的5s 内飞轮转过了100 rad ．若此飞轮是由静止开始转动的，问在上述的某时刻以前飞轮转动了多少时间？解：设在某时刻之前，飞轮已转动了t 1时间，由于初角速度 0＝0 则 1 t 1 ① 1分而在某时刻后t 2 =5 s 时间内，转过的角位移为222121t t② 2分 将已知量 100 rad ， t 2 =5s ， 2 rad /s 2代入②式，得1 = 15 rad /s 1分从而 t 1 = 1/ 7.5ｓ即在某时刻之前，飞轮已经转动了7.5ｓ． 1分2、（本题10分）0.02 kg 的氦气(视为理想气体)，温度由17℃升为27℃．若在升温过程中，(1) 体积保持不变；(2) 压强保持不变；(3) 不与外界交换热量；试分别求出气体内能的改变、吸收的热量、外界对气体所作的功．(普适气体常量R =8.31 11K mol J ) 解：氦气为单原子分子理想气体，3 i (1) 等体过程，V ＝常量，W =0C 1 C 2 C3C A B据 Q ＝ E +W 可知)(12T T C M ME Q V mol＝623 J 3分 (2) 定压过程，p = 常量， )(12T T C M MQ p mol=1.04×103 J E 与(1) 相同．W = Q E ＝417 J 4分(3) Q =0， E 与(1) 同 W = E= 623 J (负号表示外界作功) 3分3、（本题10分）两个半径分别为R 和r 的同轴圆形线圈相距x ，且R >>r ，x >>R ．若大线圈通有电流I 而小线圈沿x 轴方向以速率v 运动，试求x =NR 时(N 为正数)小线圈回路中产生的感应电动势的大小．解：由题意，大线圈中的电流Ｉ在小线圈回路处产生的磁场可视为均匀的．2/322202/3222)(2)(24x R IR x R IR B 3分故穿过小回路的磁通量为22/32220)(2r x R IR S B 32202x RI r 2分由于小线圈的运动，小线圈中的感应电动势为t x x IR r t i d d 23d d 4220 E v 422023xIR r 2分 当x =NR 时，小线圈回路中的感应电动势为)2/(32420R N I r i v E 1分4、（本题10分）在折射率n ＝1.50的玻璃上，镀上n ＝1.35的透明介质薄膜．入射光波垂直于介质膜表面照射，观察反射光的干涉，发现对 1＝600 nm 的光波干涉相消，对 2＝700 nm 的光波干涉相长．且在600 nm 到700 nm 之间没有别的波长是最大限度相消或相长的情形．求所镀介质膜的厚度．(1 nm = 10-9 m)解：设介质薄膜的厚度为e ，上、下表面反射均为由光疏介质到光密介质，故不计附加程差。

扬州大学试题纸系别_____________课程___________________ （Ｂ）卷班级________________ 得分_____________一、填空题：（１５分，每空１分）１、东汉许慎的《说文解字》共收字____________个。

清以后，六书的名称采用许慎的，而次第则采用班固的。

六书的名称依次是象形、指事、________________、形声、_______________假借。

２、“八、北、逐、鸟”中，会意字是____________________；“汞、哀、膏、旁”中，形声字是____________________。

３、“然”、“如”、“尔”、“若”主要放在________________之后，与其结合一起充当句子的状语。

４、清代为《说文解字》作注疏的人很多，其中比较重要的四位学者及其著作是___________________________、______________________________、桂馥《说文义证》和王筠《说文句读》、《说文释例》。

５、词的本义是指；词的引申义是指。

６、《尔雅·释天》“素锦绸杠”中，“绸”的意思是____________________。

７、“臣”的本义是____________________。

“任”的本义是_______________________。

８、成语“风马牛不相及”出处为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿；“围魏救赵”出处为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。

二、单项选择题：（将正确答案的号码填在题后的括号内。

２０分，每题１分。

）１、“发”的本义为（）。

①发射②发财③头发④发酵２、“勝”的声符为（）①月②力③朕④关３、文言指上古汉语书面语以及后代用这种书面语写成的作品，这种书面语形成的基础是（）。

①先秦口语②汉代口语③原始人类语言④十三经４、东汉许慎《说文解字》说解字形主要根据（）。

①甲骨文②金文③篆文④隶书５、下列不是古汉语凝固结构的一项是（）①如……何②何以……为③何……之有④以何６、古文字与今文字的分水岭是（）。