武汉科技大学《211翻译硕士英语》考研专业课真题试卷【含参考答案】

武汉大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案武汉大学（回忆）翻译硕士英语一、单选（40*0.5）二、改错一篇文章10个错误（是一篇专八的真题•••）三、阅读理解分A,B两部分（40’）：A：30分。

4篇文章，每篇5个单项选择题，共20个题，每题1.5分B：10分。

1篇文章，5个问答题，每题2分，要求答案不超过10个单词四、作文（30’）:讲的是大学教育。

说一部分人认为大学教育的最主要目的是为了找好工作，另一部分人认为是为了个人发展和社会。

请陈述两种观点，最后还要说说自己的看法。

英语翻译基础一、30分：A：15个英译汉：GNP，UNCF，CPI，UNESCO，ASEAN，OPEC，lingua franka，foreignizing method，polysysterm thory，intersemiotic translationB：15个汉翻译：转变政府职能，民族先知，全面战略伙伴关系，第三产业，生态补偿机制，虚拟经济二、段落翻译（120’）A：60分，英翻汉（奥巴马就职演讲的几段）：I stand here today humbled by the task before us,grateful for the trust you have bestowed,mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.I thank President Bush for his service to our nation,as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath.The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace.Yet,every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms.At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office,but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers,and true to our founding documents.That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood.Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred.Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some,but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age.Homes have been lost;jobs shed;businesses shuttered.Our health care is too costly;our schools fail too many;and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.These are the indicators of crisis,subject to data and statistics.Less measurablebut no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land-a nagging fear that America’s decline is inevitable,and that the next generation must lower its sights.Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real.They are serious and they are many.They will not be met easily or in a short span of time.But know this, America-they will be met.B:汉翻英（夏衍《野草》中的几段）：有人问：世界上什么东西的气力最大？回答纷纭的很，有的说“象”，有的说“狮”，有人开玩笑似的说是“金刚”，金刚有多少气力，当然大家全不知道。

武汉科技大学2022年《写作与翻译》考研真题与答案解析Part One Translation (75 points)I. Translate the following into Chinese. (40 points, 8 points for each item)1.I chanced to rise very early one particular morning this summer, and took a walk into the country to divert myself among the fields and meadows, while the green was new and the flowers in their bloom.2.The autumn leaves blew over the moonlit pavement in such a way as to make the girl who was moving there seem fixed to a sliding walk, letting the motion of the wind and the leaves carry her forward.3.I never saw in my life a man more intent on being agreeable than Mr. Elton. It is downright labour to him where ladies are concerned. With men he can be rational and unaffected, but when he has ladies to please every feature works.4.If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those intangible, those inner satisfactions that money can never buy, and that are too often sacrificed where a man’s primary goal is financial success.5.I have visited many countries, and have been in cities without number, yet never did I enter a town which could not produce ten or twelve of those little great men; all fancying themselves known to the rest of the world, and complimenting each other upon their extensive reputation.II. Translate the following into English. (35 points, 7 points for each item) 1.他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

专业英语（一）参考答案一．Translate following 10 words into Chinese(每词1分，共10分)1. 动力学、原动力、动力特性；2. 力偶；3. 螺旋丝杆、螺钉；4. 弹簧、发条；5. 冷变形加工；6. 润滑剂、润滑材料、润滑的；7. 几何的、几何图形的；8. 热力学；9. 原型、样机、模型机；10. 旋转、车削、车外圆二. Translate following 10 words into English (每词1分，共10分)1. statics2. drawing3. coupling4. fastener5. elongation6. stiffness7. linkage8. hydrodynamic9. synthesis 10. feedback三Translate following 4 sentences into Chinese （每句5分，共20分）1. 选择弹簧，尤其是在遇到重载、高温、需要承受交变应力或者需要具有抗腐蚀性的时候；应该向弹簧制造厂家进行咨询。

2. 这一特性使得平面机构上任意选定的一个点都可以按其真实尺寸和形状在一个视图上表示出运动轨迹。

3. 因为只有通过对所设计的系统进行分析，才能确定其性能是否满足设计要求。

因此，不进行分析和优化就不能进行综和。

4. 一个很有成就的公司在制造所有样机时, 所选用的材料应该和其在生产中使用的材料相同,并尽可能使用同样的制造技术。

这样做对公司是很有好处的。

四．Translate following 3 passages into Chinese （每段20分，共60分）1. 绘制和提交简洁、清晰的隔离体简图代表了工程交流的核心。

这是真实的，因为它们是思考过程的一部分。

整个思考过程包括了绘制在纸上和没有绘制在纸上的内容。

这些图的绘制是将思考的结果与别人交流的唯一方式。

(6分)采用隔离体简图的好处可以总结如下：(1）能够使人们容易地把文字、思维和观念转换为物理模型。

河南科技大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：211 考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语（如无特殊注明，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，否则以“0”分计算）Part ⅠGrammar and Vocabulary (30%)A. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence (20%).1. ____ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.2. ____ for a long time, theC. There having been no rainD. There being no rain3. The millions of calculations involved, ____ by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.A. had they been doneB. they had been doneC. having been doneD. they were done4. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact momentgC. which they happenD. when they have happenedA. to leaveB. leavingC. to have leftD. leave6. As the train will not leave until one hour later,8. Betty advised mA. Concerning C. In terms of D10. A well written composition ____ good choice of words and clear organization among other11. It is ____ with the customer not to let the shop assistants guess what she really likes and wants until13. George was introduced to ____ activities at a young age, when she was hire to act as a lookout for drug dealers.14. An institution that properly carries the name university is a more comprehensive and complex institution tA. settlementB. establishmentC. constructionD. structure16. JacA. strengthB. directionC. traditionD. tre18. Outside my office window there is a fire ____20. The electricA. pauseB. breakC. interruptionD. breakdownB. Put a word in each blank that is appropriate for the context (10%).Ah, daydreaming. Is 1 anything more pleasant than sitting back and letting your thoughts drift? Well, yes: 2 letting your thoughts drift, for one. Because according to a study published in the journal Science, people are least happy when their minds wander. [M. Killings and Daniel Gilbert, A Wandering Mind Is an Unhappy Mind]Humans, to a degree unmatched by other 3 , are capable of thinking about things outside the here and now— 4 that happened yesterday, or something they hope will happen tomorrow. It’s that sort of itinerant intellect 5 allows us to plan and to learn. But at what cost?Psychologists at Harvard used an iPhone app to find out. 6 random times throughout the day, the program asked some 2,200 participants what they were doing, what they were thinking about and 7 they felt. It turns out that people spend nearly half their waking hours thinking about something other than what they’re doing. And8 whether and where their thoughts tend to 9 is a better predictor of their feelings than what they’re actually up to. The scientists conclude that a wandering mind is an unhappy mind.10 try to focus on, and live in, the present. You might discover that happiness is just being where it’s happening.Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (40%)A.Read the following passages and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C, or D (20%)1.Bragging about your fancy new cell phone is a fleeting pleasure; after all, today's coolest modelsmeasured in years. So if you really want to be ahead of the tech curve, forget the cell-phone wars and check out the new 5.8-GHz cordless phones.Named after the frequency of the radio wave (measured in billions of cycles per second) that carries the signal between the handset and the base station, 5.8-GHz phones promise more clarity because there are fewer devices that operate on the same frequency and thus fewer to cause interference. If you have a cordless phone that is a couple of years old or even a new one that costs less than $50, chances are it is a 900-MHz model that is highly susceptible to static or buzzing from baby monitors, wireless speaker systems and your neighbors' 900-MHz phones. The newer 2.4-GHz units, introduced as an improvement over the 900-MHz models, do get less static, but wireless home networks and microwave ovens can still trigger a snap-crackle-pop effect. Not so the 5.8 GHz. So far, only a few companies sell the new models, and they don't come cheap. Uniden's TRU5865 costs $149, while the Vtech 5831 is $179. I preferred the Uniden because it was static free both inside my apartment and up to a block away. Its compact design hides the antenna inside the handset, and the glowing orange keys and display look sharp. The Vtech got equally clear reception indoors, but I could stray only a few buildings down the block before buzzing set in.But is it really worth an extra $100 (or more) to step up to 5.8 GHz? Maybe, when I tried out the Panasonic KX-TC1481B, a $39 900-MHz model, I could hear other conversations and even music coming through the phone. I got much clearer reception with the Motorola MA351, a $60 2.4-GHz model--except when I turned on my microwave oven and was assaulted by weird vibrating noises coming through the handset. Still, the Motorola is a decent option at a fair price.No matter which kind of phone you're considering, a few other factors are worth keeping in mind. First, ask about battery life. While I liked the reception best on the Uniden, for example, it can go only four hours between charges vs. eight on the Vtech.Next, find out if the phone is analog or digital. Both 5.8-MHz phones are digital, but that's not always the case with the models that use other frequencies, and this makes them an easier target for eavesdroppers. The best digitals use digital spread-spectrum (DDS) technology, which sends the signal down a broad range of frequencies to ensure that it gets through.Finally, shop at a store that offers a money-back guarantee. That way you can torture test the phone for a few days. Then, once you're certain everything's O.K., go ahead and start bragging about it to all your friends.1. How does the author introduce the topic?A. Explaining a phenomenonB. Justifying an assumption.C. Posing a contrastD. Making a comparison.2. Which of the following can be an advantage of Vtech over Uniden?A. A longer battery lifeB. Free of static interference.C. Fashionable outlookD. Compact design.3. The expression “susceptible to” (Line 5, Paragraph 2) most probably means __________.A. relevant withB. adaptable toC. immune fromD. sensitive to4. What is the most distinctive feature of5.8-GHz phones?A. Fairer priceB. Higher clarityC. More attractive modelD. No easier target for eavesdroppers.5. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. It is worthwhile to buy any of 5.8-GHz phones.B. Battery life determines your selection of the phone.C. The earlier you bought the phone, the more static interference you got.D. 5.8-GHz phones are becoming popular with consumers.2As colleges and universities send another wave of graduates out into the world this spring, thousands of other job seekers with liberal-arts degrees like Martin's find themselves in a similar bind. True enough, this is an era of record-breaking lows in unemployment. But technology companies, which are contributing the lion's share of new jobs, are simultaneously declaring a shortage of qualified workers. The emphasis is on the word qualified.It's no surprise that high-tech companies rarely hire liberal-arts graduates. "Our people, our marketers, even our attorneys have technical talent," says Tracy Koon, director of corporate affairs at Intel. The need for technical expertise is so pervasive that even retailers are demanding such skills. "Company-wide, we're looking for students with specific information-systems skills," says David McDearmon, director of field human resources at Dollar Tree Stores. "Typically we shy away from independent-college students who don't have them."Fortunately for Martin, some invaluable help was at hand when he needed it. The Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges, a network of 15 liberal-arts colleges in the state, has teamed up with local companies to bridge the learning gap faced by its members' graduates. VFIC invited 30 companies, including First Union and Electronic Data Systems, to link the needs of businesses with the skills being taught in college classrooms. With grants from corporate sponsors like AT&T, VFIC asked 20 information-technology managers to help its members create an exam, based on the work students will be expected to do in the real world, to test and certify their technological proficiency.The result, Tek-Xam, is an eight-part test that requires students to design a website, build and analyze spreadsheets, research problems on the Internet and demonstrate understanding of legal and ethical issues. Says Linda Dalch, president of VFIC: "If an art-history major wants a job at a bank, he needs to prove he has the skills. That's where this credential can help." This year 245 students at VFIC's member colleges have gone through the program. The long-term hope is that Tek-Xam will win the same kind of acceptance as the LSAT or CPA for law or accounting students. "To know a student has taken the initiative and passed could mean that less training is needed," explains John Rudin, chief information officer at Reynolds Metals, one of the corporations that helped create the test.All this begs an important question: Has the traditional liberal-arts curriculum become obsolete? College presidents naturally argue that the skills their schools provide are invaluable. A B.A. degree, says Mary Brown Bullock of Atlanta's Agnes Scott College, "gives graduates the ability to reinvent themselves time and time again...and the knowledge and thinking skills that transcend a particular discipline or time frame."Martin is finding that to be the truth. "It would be nice to have computer classes on my transcript,"he says, but Tek-Xam has armed him with the power to learn those skills on his own--and a credential to show he has done so. He's now waiting to hear when his job as a network-support assistant for a large Boston firm will start.6. The main problem many liberal-arts students face in job seeking is ____________.A. too much competition in job marketB. their lack of technical expertiseC. company’s discrimination against liberal-arts studentsD. the recording-breaking unemployment rate7. It can be inferred from the text that _____________.A. in the modern era, technical talent means everything in securing a jobB. independent colleges are not giving their students proper educationC. retailers are following the fashion only to promote salesD. there is a big demand for students with technical skills8. Tek-Xam is designed to _____________.A. offer VFIC members’ graduates more job opportunitiesB. compete with LSAT and CPAC. help students cope with real world problemsD. test students’ technical skills9. We can draw a conclusion from the text that ____________.A. liberal arts education still proves valuable to studentsB.Tek-Xam is gaining wide acceptance among employers and students alikeC. technology companies are eager to promote Tek-XamD. computer classes will be excluded from the curriculum of liberal-arts students10. From the text we can see that the writer seems____________.A. positiveB. suspiciousC. pessimisticD. disapprovingB. Read the following passage and decide whether the statements are TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN (10%).3There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun's interior. According to the standard view, the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However, Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of theHungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005, Grandpierre and a collaborator, Gábor Aacute calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of these oscillations cancel each other out, some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other.These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth's ice ages: for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly every 100,000 years. Before that, they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit, known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100,000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives, triggering the ice ages. However, a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to explain why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago."In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another," says Neil Edwards, a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes, UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claim that the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough to drive ice ages.However, Edwards believes the small changes in solar heating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example, if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part of the carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.According to Edwards, there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you add their effects together, there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work," he says. "The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory. "Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation," he says. "I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation."Ehrlich concedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on the sun, I can't think of one that is practical," he says. That's because variation over 41,000 to 100,000 years is too gradual to be observed. However, there may be a way to test it in other stars: red dwarfs. Their cores are much smaller than that of the sun, and so Ehrlich believes that the oscillation periods could be short enough to be observed. He has yet to calculate the precise period or the extent of variation in brightness to be expected.Nigel Weiss, a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge, is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible". Ehrlich counters that Weiss's opinion is based on the standard solar model, which fails to take into account the magnetic instabilities that cause the temperature fluctuations.11. The ice ages changed frequency from 100,000 to 41,000 years a million years ago.12. The sole problem that the Milankovitch theory cannot solve is to explain why the ice age frequency should shift from one to another.13. Carbon dioxide can be locked artificially into sea ice to eliminate the greenhouse effect.14. Some scientists are not ready to give up the Milankovitch theory though they haven't figured out which mechanisms amplify the changes in solar heating.15. Both Edwards and Ehrlich believe that there is no practical way to test when the solar temperature oscillation begins and when ends.C. Choose the sentences marked A to E to complete the following passage (10%).________16______.The survey, conducted by the Pew Internet and American Life Project, showed that blog readership has shot up by 58% in the last year._______17________. Despite the explosive growth, more than 60% of online Americans have still never heard of blogs, the survey found._______18_______. Companies such as Google and Microsoft provide users with the tools to publish their own blogs.Reading blogs remains far more popular than writing them, the survey found. Only 7% of the 120 million US adults who use the internet had created a blog or web-based diary. _________19________. Just under one in 10 of the US's internet users read political blogs such as the Daily Kos or Instapundit during the US presidential campaign. Kerry voters were slightly more likely to read them than Bush voters.Blog creators were likely to be young, well-educated, net-savvy males with good incomes and college educations, the survey found. ________20________.A. Getting involved is becoming more popular though, with 12% saying they had posted material or comments on other people's blogs.B. Blogs, or web logs, are online spaces in which people can publish their thoughts, opinions or spread news events in their own words.C. This was also true of the average blog reader, although the survey found there was a greater than average growth in blog readership among women and those in minorities.D. Americans are becoming avid blog readers, with 32 million getting hooked in 2004, according to new research.E. Some of this growth is attributable to political blogs written and read during the US presidential campaign.Part Ⅲ Writing (30%)Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic.What Difference Does Having Money Make to You?。

2020年湖北武汉科技大学翻译英语考研真题及答案Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points, 1 point for each) Directions: There are 20 statements in this section. After each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Select the only one choice that best completes the statement. Write your answers on your answer sheet.1. They didn’t find that the meeting was _____ until they got to the hall.A. canceledB. conceivedC. put outD. cut down2. There are many kinds of steel, each ______ its uses in industry.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. having3. They had food and clothing _______ for their needs.A. sufficientB. efficientC. properD. considerable4. The two brave young men ______ the day when their own country was liberated.A. longed toB. desired afterC. longed forD. longed after5. It _____ to rain cats and dogs that day.A. happenedB. occurredC. took placeD. was6. That’s his first offence, and the judge is going to give him a light _____.A. sentenceB. crimeC. serviceD. claim7. Were there any exciting _____ during your journey?A. incidentsB. accidentsC. eventsD. business8. A month after 5-year-old Leanna Warner was reported missing, her family still ____ hope even as they try to live a “new”normal life.A. holds outB. holds upC. holds toD. holds back9. This information is only _____ data and will need further analysis.A. netB. grossC. rawD. rough10. Is the _____ of food and clothes to the hungry more helpful than giving money?A. donationB. devotionC. dedicationD. compensation11. He was already _____ the ship.A. boardB. aboardC. abroadD. broad12. After graduation, he suddenly became interested in the _____ of literature and art.A. realmB. rangeC. areaD. zone13. Stormy applause broke forth _____ he appeared on the stage.A. for the momentB. the momentC. at the moment whenD. the moment when14. A good salesman must be _____ if he wants to succeed.A. militantB. offensiveC. aggressiveD. certain15. Physics is _____ to the science which was called natural philosophy in history.A. likelyB. uniformC. alikeD. equivalent16. So much _____ about his financial position that he can’t sleep at night.A. he worriesB. does he worryC. did he worryD. he worried17. Many are socially active, are involved as volunteers, and are _____ new responsibilities.A. taking onB. taking overC. taking inD. taking after18. I will now introduce the candidate in support of _____ I wish to speak.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whom19. At 125th Street, Mr. Torres would _____ to the No. 2 train by crossing the platform.A. inferB. transformC. transferD. refer20. Not that I don’t want to go, _____ that I have no time.A. althoughB. despiteC. butD. forPart II. Error Correction (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You are required to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (Λ) in the right place and write the missing word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. If you change a word, cross it and put your word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. Remember to write the correct number beside each blank on the answer sheet.For most parents, having a newborn in the house candisrupt sleep schedules. Generally, there aren’t any long-termhealth effects.It’s a evolutionary thing that’s built in to help us raise 21. _______ newborns, though there are really no studies for this. New 22. _______ parents can prepare by understanding, and accepting, which 23. _______ the first few months will most likely consist of disruptedsleep. If you followed the guidelines below, the disrupted 24. _______ sleep will likely last for only a few months, which is rathershort-term in the scheme of things. During the first six months of life, babies sleep soundly in two-to-four hour periods. Newborns are not born with a cycle that makes him stay awake during the day 25. ________ and sleep at night. Rather, sleep is spaced regularly to piece 26. _______ throughout the 24-hour day. Bottle-fed newborns tend to sleepfor slightly shorter periods, generally three to four hours, 27. _______ whereas breast-fed babies tend to sleep in one-to-three hourcycles. After 6 months of age, infants begin to sleep for longerperiods, they generally sleep through the night. From 6 28. ________ months to 9 months, however, many infants, even those whowere fantastic sleepers when they were younger, begin toexhibit episodes of night wakings. These night wakings aregenerally due to developmental phases. Instead sleeping, 29. ________ babies often find it more interesting to practice newly acquiredskills like crawling or sitting up. About 30 percent to 50 percentof infants at this age awaken at most once per night for a 30. ________short while, usually for about one to five minutes at a time,with 25 percent of 1-year-olds continuing to do so.Part III. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 point for each)Directions: Read the following passages and answer the questions. Choose the most appropriate answer for each question and circle the letter on the answer sheet. Remember to write the letter corresponding to the question number.Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage:Conservationists call them hot spots - habitats that cover just 1.4 percent of the earth’s land surface but are so rich in biological diversity that preserving them could keep an astonishing number of plant and animal species off the endangered list.Since 1988, when Dr. Norman Myers and his colleagues began describing these hot spots in a series of scientific papers and arguing for their protection, they havebecome a focus of worldwide conservation efforts. Private organizations and government agencies, including the World Bank, have made preserving 25 such ecological arks a top priority for financing and protective legislation. But a growing chorus of scientists is warning that directing conservation funds to hot spots may be a recipe for major losses in the future. Of species that live on land, nearly half of all plants and more than a third of all animals are found only in the hot spots. But they do not include many rare species and major animal groups that live in less biologically rich regions (“cold spots”). And the hot-spot concept does not factor in the importance of some ecosystems to human beings, the scientists argue.This debate has been simmering（炖，煨，慢煮）quietly among biologists for years; however, it is coming to a boil now with the publication of an article in the current issue of American Scientist arguing that “calls to direct conservation funding to the world’s biodiversity hot spots may be bad investment advice.”“The hot-spot concept has grown so popular in recent years within the larger conservation community that it now risks eclipsing（超越）all other approaches,”write the authors of the paper. “The officers and directors of all too many foundations, non-governmental organizations and international agencies have been seduced by the simplicity of the hot spot idea,”they go on. “We worry that the initially appealing idea of getting the most species per unit area is, in fact, a thoroughly misleading strategy.”But hot spots have their ardent（热情的）defenders, notably Dr. Norman Myers and Dr. Russell Mittermeier. Dr. Myers says hot spots have been successful at attracting attention andfinancing for conservation in tropical countries. “And that has been good,”he said. “No one is suggesting that one invest solely in hot spots, but if you want to avoid extinctions, you have to invest in them.”31. The best title for this passage would be ________.A. A Debate on Preserving Hot SpotsB. An Introduction to Hot SpotsC. Hot Spots vs. Cold SpotsD. How to Finance Hot Spots32.Hot spots occupy a small percentage of the earth’s land surface with ________.A. a third of all plantsB. many major animal groups living in cold spotsC. rich biological diversityD. many rare species living in cold spots33.Critics of hot spots hold the opinion that ________.A. hot spots are always as important as cold spotsB. it is unwise to invest largely in hot spotsC. governments should choose the best time to invest in hot spotsD. the hot-spot approach is a misleading strategy from the very beginning34.According to Dr. Norman Myers, _________.A. protecting and investing in hot spots can save species from extinctionB. conservation efforts should not center on hot spotsC. governments should invest most in cold spotsD. the hot-spot approach now is not as good as it was in the past35.What is the writer’s attitude towards the hot-spot approach?A. Critical.B. Neutral.C. Supportive.D. Doubtful.Questions 36-40 are based on the following passage:Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control. “It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years. ”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, an American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers toworry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates---especially important at a time when marketing budges are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising, “many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV, ”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-seconds spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe Deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, as advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $ 138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, alreadyprovide 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a “lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.36.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying “It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A. Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B. Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C. Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D. Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.37.What is public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A. Pretty positive.B. Totally indifferent.C. Somewhat doubtful.D. Rather critical.38.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A. It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B. It helps advertisers to measure the click---through rates.C. It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D. It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.39.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A. It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B. It has done well in engaging the viewers.C. it helps attract investments in the company.D. It has boosted the TV advertising industry.40.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A. They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B. They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C. They point to the growing curiosity of TV viewers.D. They indicate the future direction of media reform.Questions 41-45 are based on the following passage:Maybe it’s a sign of a mature mind when some of life’s bigger questions---about love, faith, ambition---suddenly seem more manageable than smaller ones, such as: why did I just open the refrigerator? Where on earth did I put my keys? Where did I write down that phone number?Our capacity for storing and recalling information does not stream down like sand through an hourglass, as neurologists once believed. On the contrary, new research suggests that, when stimulated in the right way, brains of almost any age can give birth to cells and forge fresh pathways to file away new information. This emerging picture has not only encouraged those who treat and care for the 5% of older adults who have dementia(痴呆症) such as Alzheimer’s disease, but also generated a wave of optimism among those studying memory changes in the other 95%, as well as an increasing public fascination with “memory enhancement”dietary supplements, books and brain-improving techniques.The slight failures of memory that many of us attribute to a failing brain are often due to something entirely different: anxiety, sleep problems, depression, even heart disease. The biological nuts and bolts of learning and memory in fact change little over time in healthy people, researcher say. “There is very little cell loss, and structurally all the machinery is there, even very late in life, ”said a neuroscientist Greg Cole. It’s the cells’speed and ability to send and receive signals that diminish gradually, which is what makes the mind go blank when trying to recall familiar words and names.For more than a decade, researchers have known that people who have active, intellectually challenging lives are less likely to develop dementia than those who do not. Part of this difference is attributable to intelligence, some doctors believe, The more you start with, the longer it takes to lose it. And new evidence suggests that the act of using your brain is in itself protective, no matter who you are.All of the activities, such as reading newspaper , watching TV, playing games, etc. , canimprove people’s scores on standard tests measuring recall of numbers and names, experts say. They also acknowledge, however, that there is a big difference between playing chess with a friend and doing a mental exercise, such as memorizing numbers. One is an organic part of a person’s life, the other a purely intellectual exercise, done in isolation. The first is fun; the second, often, is a tiring task.41.According to the text, adult persons usually_____A. stress the settlement of bigger problems.B. focus their attention on great issues.C. overlook the remembrance of trivial things.D. suffer memory decline related to age.42.According to new research, it’s distinct that_____A. our brain cells can be producible.B. our memory may be renewable.C. most mental illnesses are curable.D. brain-mending methods are available.43.The phrase “nuts and bolts”in Par.3 most probably means_____A. basic structures.B. complex tasks.C. practical aspects.D. working parts.44.As asserted by researchers, our inability to memorize words or names mainly___A. results from the declining efficiency of brain cells.B. results in the brain’s liability to radical interference.C. consists of different mental disorders.D. consists in various emotional problems.45.Experts suggest that the best way to avoid memory failures is____.A. to take more dietary supplementsB. to keep mental function aliveC. to find an intellectual occupationD. to do more intellectual exerciseQuestions 46-50 are based on the following passage:Every year at Thanksgiving, parts of the Upper West Side of Manhattan become like a paradise for children. There’s the exciting preparation of the balloons and floats for the Thanksgiving Day parade, and then, on Thursday morning, the parade itself.The weather isn’t always kind. I’ve seen the kids out there in snow, in freezing rain, in winds that threaten to send the balloons and their handlers soaring to distant venues. It doesn’t seem to matter. The children come into the neighborhood in waves, holding the hands of adults or riding atop their shoulders, smiling, laughing, and playing hide-and-seek among the police barriers. Finally, inevitably, they end up staring in absolute open-mouthed, wide-eyed look as huge colorful creation of their favorite characters begin making their grand way down Central Park West.We have an obligation and an opportunity at this special moment in history to do right by these youngsters, and all the rest of America’s kids. It’s a special moment because we’ve seen so clearly the many things that have gone wrong in the society, and it may not be easy to articulate.The American economy is broken, ruined by the greed and irresponsibility of fabulously wealthy corporate headmen and their shabby helpers and enablers in government. While Wall Street is handing out billions in bonuses, American families are struggling with joblessness, home foreclosures and a huge sum of debt. The economic woes are having a negative impact on family life, and children are taking a big hit--- emotionally, psychologically and otherwise.One effect of the Great Recession, according to a recent series in The New York Times, has been a big jump in the number of runaway children, many of them living in dangerous condition on the street.Family homelessness is also up. And poverty is increasing. More than a third of all black children in America are poor, and that tragic percentage is expanding. The outlook for America’s working classes is bleak. A few weeks ago a New York cab driver broke down in tears as he toldme he’d had to apply for food stamps to continue feeding his family.A sense of urgency may be starting emerge. With president Obama’s jobs summit approaching, representatives from labor and progressive organizations gathered in Washington to warn of the lasting damage being imposed on the prospects of young Americans by the continuing employment crisis.46.What does the author mean by “floats”(Line2, Para.1)?A. Decorated vehicles in the parade.B. Balloons floating in the sky.C. Something blown away by the wind.D. Artificial flowers in the parade.47.We can infer from the second paragraph all of the following EXCEPT_____.A. the wind is quite strong on the day of the paradeB. children are excited enough to resist the cold weatherC. the police are there ready to arrest anyone suspiciousD. children stay there to watch the parade until the end48.According to the text, _____ suffer(s) most in the economic dilemma.A. the Wall StreetB. the wealthy corporate’s headmenC. the American familiesD. the enablers in government49.It can be inferred from the text that _____.A. the prospect of American economy is prosperousB. the poverty of the black children is expanding fastestC. the New York cab driver are on strikeD. children’s escaping from home is on the rise50.Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the text?A. The prospect of American economy.B. The poverty of children in economic recession.C. The celebration of the Thanksgiving Day.D. The deep source of the broken American economy.Part IV. Writing (30 points)51. Directions: Write an essay of about 400 words in English on the following topic. Write your essay on your ANSWER SHEET.How to Solve the Medical Problems in Big Cities?参考答案Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points, 1 point for each)1-5: ADACA 6-10: AACCA 11-15: BABCD 16-20: BADCCPart II. Error Correction (10 points, 1 point for each)21. a ×→an22. for ×→on23. which ×→that24. followed ×→follow25. him ×→them26. piece ×→pieces27. shorter ×→longer28. , Λthey →, and29.instead Λsleeping →of30. most ×→leastPart III. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 point for each)31-35 ACBAB 36-40 CCCBA 41-45 DADAB 46-50 ACCDBPart IV. Writing (30 points)51. （作文略）作文评分细则本题满分30分，采用总体评分方法，就总的印象给出奖励分，而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。

武汉科技大学2022年《英语翻译基础》考研真题Part One Phrase Translation(30 points)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate 30 expressions, abbreviations or proper names, either from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English.Section A English to Chinese (15 points)1) ASEAN2) hitch ride3) (UK) Chancellor of the Exchequer4) e-sports tournament5) digital strip searches6) Office of the US Trade Representative7) lunar exploration program8) tax declaration9) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)10) White House Correspondents Association11) pseudo base station12) applets13) wearable devices14) zombie policy15) seagoing airbaseSection B Chinese to English (15 points)1) 家庭收支2) 收视率造假3) 刷脸4) 紧急着陆5) 医闹6) 积分落户7) 个人所得税8) 信息泄露9) 文创产品10) 国产品牌11) 武侠小说12) 信用信息管理制度13) 以规则为基础加强全球治理14) 优化营商环境15) 严厉打击滥用知识产权的企业Part Two Passage Translation(120 points)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate one English passage into Chinese and one Chinese passage into English.Section A English to Chinese (60 points)I hate jogging. It' s so tedious. Some claim jogging is thought conducive, others insist the scenery relieves the monotony. For me, the pace iswrong for contemplation of either ideas or vistas. While jogging, all I can think about is jogging—or nothing.From the listless looks of some fellow trotters, I gather I am not alone in my unenthusiasm. Nonetheless, we continue to jog; more, we continue to choose to jog. From a practically infinite array of opportunities, we select one that we don' t enjoy and can' t wait to have done with. Why? For any trend, there are as many reasons as there are participants. This person runs to lower his blood pressure. That person runs to escape the telephone or a cranky spouse or a filthy household. Another person runs to avoid doing anything else, to dodge a decision about how to lead his life or a realization that his life is leading nowhere. Each of us has his carrot and stick. In my case, the stick is my slackening physical condition, which keeps me from beating opponents at tennis whom I overwhelmed two years ago. My carrot is to win.Beyond these disparate reasons, however, lies a deeper cause. It is no accident that now, in the last third of the 20th century, personal fitness and health have suddenly become a popular obsession. True, modern man likes to feel good, but that hardly distinguishes him from his predecessors.With zany myopia, economists like to claim that the deeper cause of every thing is economic. Delightfully, there seems no marketplace explanation for jogging. True, jogging is cheap, but then not jogging is cheaper. And the scant and skimpy equipment which jogging demands must make it a marketer' s least favored form of recreation.Section B Chinese to English (60 points)有朋友在情场上轰轰烈烈地驰骋了一阵，终于累了，最后，收拾情心，悄悄退回书斋之中，终日与书本为伍。

武汉工程大学211翻译硕士英语武汉工程大学 2022 年全国硕士研究生招生考试考试科目代码及名称：211 翻译硕士英语Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (50 MIN, 20 points, 0.5 point for each)Directions: After each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on your answer sheet.1.Mr. Longman his hat when he met the teacher of his daughter on the street.A.gaveB. tippedC. raisedD. heightened2.The television station was with calls protesting the distasteful programs.A.hatchedB. modulatedC. floodedD. prompted3.I wonder who first the idea of bags with gas to make balloons.A.imaginedB. conceivedC. cherishedD. concealed4.Her first born is not the only one in her family who is good at handwriting; in fact, all her children calligraphy.A.are fond ofB. are tired ofC. excel atD. go in for5.We note with satisfaction that all these activities have helped to mutual understanding and friendship between our two countries.A.propelB. promoteC. strengthenD. depress6.native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world.A.In spite ofB. That it isC. It wasD. Although7.Our civilization cannot be thought of as in a short period of time.A.to have been createdB. to be createdC. having been createdD. being created8.We feel it is high time that the Government something to check the inflation.A.didB. doC. should doD. would do9.It has been proposed that we our decision until the next meeting.A.delayedB. delayC. can delayD. are to delay10.Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy-five miles an houroriginate over tropical ocean waters.A.whichB. whoC. whereD. how to11.By 11 o’clock this morning, stock prices 15 points.A.fallsB. fellC. was fallingD. had fallen12.I saw her the street when the car dashed into her.A.crossB. crossingC. crossedD. had crossed13.—Have you ever seen a TV set through a window?—Yes, I did, when our football team lost the World Cup.A.throwB. throwingC. threwD. thrownst night I heard scary footsteps my bedroom, and finally I dialed 110.A.approachingB. approachC. approachedD. to approach15.When I felt the earth , I started running out from the building.A.movingB. movedC. was movedD. had moved16.I never expected that Helen could so decline the invitation to my birthday party.A.nonchalantlyB. enthusiasticallyC. readilyD. willingly17.The man was sentenced to ten-year imprisonment for a revolt.A.carryingB. headingC. participatingD. consenting18.The old man was exasperated by the young man’s laughter.A.colorfulB. helpfulC. scornfulD. harmful19.I'm sorry to tell you that your handwriting is so that it’s kind of secret code to me.A.clearB. black-and-whiteC. illegibleD. readable20.We all marveled at the four-year-old boy who could do mental even faster than the man who was busy punching the keys of a calculator.A.punctuationB. manifestationC. exaggerationD. calculation21.I must myself to the university campus life as soon as possible.A.adjustB. adoptC. adjoinD. abide22.The two countries for years over a small strip of land on their border.A.discussedB. chattedC. disputedD. negotiated23.The film star was asked the same question so many times that the answer became.A.technicalB. mechanicalC. electricalD. practical24.You are so clever that you can learn how to use the digital camera .A.at no timeB. on timeC. in timeD. in no time25.Robert the key in the lock but could not open the door.A.assertedB. desertedC. exertedD. inserted26.Doctors strongly recommend that fathers present at their baby’s birth.A.areB. shall beC. should beD. were27.It was originally scheduled that the Nepali parliament on the 23rd to discuss Deuba's proposal.A.will conveneB. shall conveneC. convenesD. convened28.In those years, I once found in his small room such wonderful books I had been looking for.A.thatB. whichC. for whichD. as29. a Sunday, the old men had the day off.A.Having beenB. BeingC. WhatD. It being30., it will bend or break under the action of strong force.A.Hard although steel isB. As steel is hardC. Hard as steel isD. How hard is steel31.When we cook a delicious dish, this kind of spice into account.A.must be takenB. was takenC. had been takenD. would have been taken32.The back garden of our house contains a lawn, very pleasant to sit on in summer.A.which isB. which it isC. it isD. where it is33.Which of the following is a static verb?A.drinkB. breakC. readD. belong34.Which of the following italicized parts indicates a subject-verb relation?A.He has a wife and three children to support.B.Many people have a wish to live to old age.C.He was the last guest to leave.D.You need a shoulder to lean on.35.I’d rather you by train because the weather forecast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow.A.wentB. should goC. will goD. go36.There are insurance claims in big cities for various reasons.A.numerous bogusB. only two or three falseC. a great deal ofD. so many pretended37.He mainly engages in translation studies, occasionally he literature.A.majors inB. dabbles inC. digs inD. plays with38.The has begun to weaken in that country where a civil war is raging.A. once prosperous marketsB. once beautiful scenesC. once robust political systemD. once rich people39.Chinese troops at the military competition in Russia.A.revealed its secretsB. displayed great prowessC. won great powerD. broke out physical power40.As computers are increasingly humanized, is growing fashionable in nearly every country in the world, even among the old.A.throwing kisses in cyber spaceB. transporting cyber kissesC. blowing cyber kissesD. creating cyber spacePart II. Reading Comprehension (70 MIN, 40 points)Section 1 Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this section there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneSpeaking English fluently and accurately is a goal of many people studying English in China. Fluency can be simply defined as “being able to communicate ideas without having to stop and think too much about what one is s aying”; speaking accurately means, “speaking without errors of grammar and vocabulary.”The problem is that many students find that if they try to speak fast, they make more mistakes. And, if they slow down, there may be fewer errors but it can sound unnatural. So, how do we balance accuracy and fluency in spoken English?It can depend on the manner in which one has studied English in the past. People who tend to focus on accuracy may find that they worry too much about making mistakes. This can make them nervous or embarrassed about speaking English in public. As a result, their spoken English might not improve. This means that although they know English grammar and vocabulary well, they might not be able to hold a good conversation.On the other hand, there are those who really like to talk and are willing to try their language out even if they make mistakes. This willingness to take risks helps them speak more fluently. But, if they make a lot of mistakes, they may find it difficult to get their ideas across.The debate about which is more important —fluency or accuracy —in the English language has lasted for a long time. Still, one thing is clear: speaking a language well needs both fluency and accuracy. How can we be sure that we can develop both? The following tips could helpFind the problemWhat kind of person are you — one who focuses on accuracy or fluency? The first step is to recognize your problem and go to work on it. Think about situationswhere you’ve used English and how you felt about making mistakes. Do you always try some new language even though it might not be correct? Or do you feel embarrassed by mistakes?Focus on one problem at a timeWhen you speak English, find the mistakes you make most often. One mistake often mad e is omitting the “s” from the third person singular verb. Or you may speak too slowly as if you were searching for the right word and correct grammar. The next time you use English, try to focus on it. If you have a problem with the third person singular, try to concentrate on when you make such errors. Don’t spend time thinking about other mistakes. By choosing an area to work on, you can isolate problems and help yourself overcome them.Vary your practiceIf you go to an English corner or an English club, try to change the types of activities you take part in so that you practice both fluency and accuracy. Public speaking allows you to slow down and be sure you have time to concentrate on the language. Meanwhile, discussions are good practice for fluency, especially if you don’t stop each time a mistake is made.Learn the difference between fluency and speedSome Chinese think that speaking fast is the same as speaking fluently. In fact, speaking fluently involves not only speed. It also involves stress, pronunciation and intonation. If you make a mistake in these, speaking fast will only make it worse. Don't sacrifice understanding for speed.Try recording yourselfTake a recorder and record a conversation with a friend or a speech or monologue as you do it naturally! two- or three-minute recording is enough. When you’ve finished, listen to it yourself. Can you identify and correct any errors? Make it a regular practice. The more you record yourself, the more confident and natural sounding you will become.41.Many learners of English in China usually cherish a dream of speaking English.A.continuously, and almost without mistakesB.brokenly, but with no mistakesC.continually, and with quite a number of mistakes here and thereD.hesitatingly, but with not too many mistakes42.Which of the following is NOT a tip mentioned in the passage?A.To identify your problem.B.To make efforts to imitate native speakers.C.To concentrate on one problem at a time.D.To check your own talk or speech.43.According to the writer, fluency in speaking involves the following factors EXCEPT .A.pitchB. speedC. pronunciationD. stress44.What is the possible title of the passage?A.How to Speak Fluent English.B.Accuracy in Speaking English.C.Problems in Speaking EnglishD.Fluency and Accuracy in Speaking English.45.Why is it necessary to record yourself when you learn to speak English?A.You will become more confident.B.You will become more fluent.C.You will become more confident and natural-sounding.D.You will become more accurate.Passage TwoI thought the world was caving in, for the first time ever I lost somebody I loved; he didn’t die, he just went away, but I still measure all pain by the hurt Rene caused me.It was a very nice childhood, an adolescence most people would wish to have. Our neighbours had a son, and my wonderful childhood was shared with Rene;basically, we grew up together, we spent every day together, went to school together, we did all the things that children can do. It was a childhood spent in the woods, discovering the beautiful seasons, there was an abundance of produce that grew in the wild, and we went mushrooming and frog- hunting.The adventures that children go through in the making of a friendship, building a tree house and spending night in the forest — and losing our way back home; these things create fantastic fabric to the friendship. There was the loving element, too; he was very caring. Rene was tall and strong, and he would be my defender; if anyone ever teased me, he would be there.And life seemed marvelous, it seemed full of sunshine, full of incredible, beautiful things to discover, and I looked forward so much to growing up with Rene.And then at the age of 14, his parents moved to the south of France, and we were in the east of France, which is 750 kilometers away ... the south of France sounded like the end of the world.Well, our parents realized it would be very traumatic, and they did not know how to break the news, so they just announced it the day before. It was a beautiful summer’s day, around five o’clock in the evening, and both parents came and said: “We are moving away, and obviously Rene will have to come with us.”I went quietly for the news to sink in; at first it was sheer disbelief, numbness. I couldn’t sleep, and then in the night I understood the impact of the news, I understood that my life would be totally separate from his, and I had to be by myself, alone.And although he was only going away, he did not die, it was the worst loss I have ever had in my life, still, now, and thirty years later I have not received another shock of that nature.I had other friends, but never did I achieve that kind of closeness. My world completely collapsed, and nothing was the same, people, the classroom, nature, the country, and butterflies.Maybe because he was more mature he understood a bit better that it was part of life and that life brings people together and separates them, and distance is not necessarily the end.He accepted that life would separate us, he didn’t see it as something final; it was my dramatic side to see only the negative side, self-pity in a way. He is now living a happy life in Provence with a beautiful wife and two lovely daughters, and he is coming here next year, so it is going to be quite wonderful. It is the first time he has ever come to England. He’s a good Frenchman; he does not speak word of English.Hopefully, we will see each other more, but it is not essential. We now have a beautifully matured, adult friendship where it is easy to talk about anything because we feel totally at ease. There is not a single bitter note, there are no power games, there is nothing secret, there is nothing which detracts from the purity of it.46.Which of the following was NOT among the things that the two kids might have done in the woods?A.Going mushrooming.B. Hunting frogs.C. Making a campfire.D. Building a tree house.47.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word teased in paragraph 3?A.scolded.B. mocked.C. attacked.D. loved.48.Rene accepted that fact that he would have to be separated from his friend in away.A.realisticB. nonchalantC. moodyD. reluctant49.How can we describe the writer’s feeling when he learned that Rene would move away?A.The writer felt disappointed.B.The writer felt happy.C.The writer accepted the news peacefully.D.The writer felt extremely shocked an painful.50.What might be the nationality of the writer?A.The writer might be of French nationality.B.The writer might be of British nationality.C.The writer might be of German nationality.D.The writer might be of Italian nationality.Passage ThreeHuman needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the “life enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.51.According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when .A.he has saved up enough moneyB.he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelterC.he has satisfied his hungerD.he has learned to build houses52.It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II, most Americans .A.were very richB.lived in povertyC.had the good things on the first three levelsD.did not own automobiles53.Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction”?A.A successful career.B. A comfortable home.C. A good meal.D. A family car.54.The author tends to think that the fifth level .A.would be little better than the fourth levelB.may be a lot more desirable than the first fourC.can be the last and most satisfying levelD.will become attainable before the government takes actions55.What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?A.The more mental satisfaction, the better.B.The more physical satisfaction, the betterC.The more health and safety, the better.D.The more leisure, the better.Section 2 Short Answer Questions (10 points，2 points for each)Directions: Read the following passage and then, based on the information from the following passage, answer in your own words the questions which follow the passage and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.It’s an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says nobecause the boiler could go, or the roof fall off, and we have no savings to save us. I say that you only live once and we work hard and what’s the point if you can’t go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year –we just won’t go.Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov poll of 2,000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. What’s less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession — financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples. Disputes were characterized by intense verbal aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved, and made men, more than women, extremely angry.Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes, which may be different things to men and women. “People can say the same things about money but have different conceptions of what it is for,” he explains. “They will say it’s to save, to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them.” He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they’ve achieved something.“The biggest problem is that couples assume each other knows what is going on with their finances, but they don’t. There seems to be more of a taboo about talking about money than talking about death. But you both need to know what you are doing, who is paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship you don’t have to agree about money, but you have to talk abou t it.”56.What does the author say about going on holidays?57.What does the author mean by saying “money is known… to bring a relationship to its knees”(Line1 Para. 2)?58.What does the YouGov poll of 2000 people discover?59.What does Kim Stephenson believe?60.What does the author suggests at the end of the passage?Part III. Writing (60 MIN, 40 points)Directions: Read the following report, and then write an article (not a poem, short story or play) of about 400 words on the topic: Is Homeschooling a Better Way to Learn? You can also decide a title for your article.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Homeschooling —A Better Way to Learn?Homeschooling was traditionally used for students who could not attend school because of behavioral or learning difficulties. Today, however, more parents are taking on the responsibility of educating their children at home due to dissatisfaction with the education system.Advocates of homeschooling believe children learn better when they are in a secure, loving environment. They point out that homeschooled children reportedly do just as well as those who have been in the classroom. Many psychologists see the home as the most natural learning environment. Parents who homeschool argue that they can monitor their children’s education and give them the attention that is lacking in a traditional school setting. Students can also pick and choose what to study and when to study, thus enabling them to learn at their own pace.In contrast, critics of homeschooling say that children who are not in the classroom miss out on learning important social skills because they have little interaction with their peers. Many critics of homeschooling have raised concerns about the ability of parents to teach their kids effectively. Many parents who homeschool have no teacher training and are not competent educators of all the subjects taught in schools.。

2016年武汉科技大学《英语翻译基础》考研真题(总分：150.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、Part One Phrase Translation二、Section A English to Chinese(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.disposable income（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(可支配收入)2.malicious software（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(恶意软件)3.asylum application（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(庇护申请)4.air filtration face masks（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(空气过滤口罩)munity nursing service（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(社区养老服务)6.fabricate academic credentials（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(学历造假)7.eco-friendly toilet（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(环保厕所)8.sperm banks（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(精子库)9.solicit public opinion（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(公开征求意见)10.to buy for the thrill of the bargain（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(只为享受买打折的快感)11.The Lord of the Flies（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(《蝇王》)12.Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协定)13.pragmatic anti-corruption cooperation（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(务实反腐合作)14.post-disaster recovery（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(灾后重建)15.removal of papers（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(论文撤稿)三、Section B Chinese to English(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.《水浒传》（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Heroes of the Marshes or Water Margins or All Men Are Brothers)17.中国"十三五"规划（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(China's 13th Five-Year Plan)18.亚洲基础设施投资银行（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB))19.生态文明（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(ecological progress or ecological conservation or eco-civilization)20.秦腔（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(the local Qinqiang Opera)21.颜控（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(face obsessed)22.秀恩爱（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(public displays of affection)23.抗日民族统一战线（分数：1.00）_________________________________________________________________________________。