初中英语课件:宾语从句
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初中英语宾语从句语法
宾语从句是主从复合句中最常见的从句之一。它作及物动词、介词或者某些形容词的宾语。。小编在这里整理了初中英语宾语从句语法知识,希望能帮助到大家。
一.宾语从句的定义
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有:
who,what,which等。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in
theroom.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,howmuch,
when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如: He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
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宾语从句
一、定义:在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。在复合句中宾语从句作主句中谓语动词、介词的宾语。
在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语,如: I know the man.
而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,如: I know that the man is a policeman.
主句 引导词 从句
宾语从句三大块:
1. 引导宾语从句的连接词(从属连接词和连接代词); 2. 宾语从句的语序;
3. 宾语从句的时态。
二、宾语从句的引导词(连接词)
作用 有无意义 在从句中所做成分
从属连接词 that 只起连接作用 无 无
Whether/if 起连接作用 有(表示是否) 无
连接词 连接代词 What 连接+从句中做成分 什么(指物) 主,宾,表
Which 连接+从句中做成分 哪一个(指物) 主,宾,表
who 连接+从句中做成分 谁(指人主格) 主,表
whom 连接+从句中做成分 谁(指人宾格) 宾
whose 连接+从句中做成分 谁的(指人所有格) 定
连接副词 Where 连接+从句中做成分 地点 状语
When 连接+从句中做成分 时间 状语
Why 连接+从句中做成分 原因 状语
How 连接+从句中做成分 方式 状语
1.陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:
My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。如:
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宾语从句练习题
一.改写句子
1. He can finish the work in two hours. He says. (复合句)
He says ___________ he can finish the work in two hours.
2. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us? (复合句)
→Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China?
3. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.(复合句)
He asked me ______the girl _______ ________ help.
4. I think that is a good idea. (否定句)
I ________________ a good idea.
5. When does the train leave? I want to know.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)
I want to know _________ the train _________.
6. He does not tell the truth, I think. (变为含宾语从句的复合句)
I ___________ think that ________________.
7. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.
8. He can’t go to school. I think. (变为复合句)
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+„„)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who,what,which等。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如:
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如: