专业英语四级完型填空语法与词汇-14_真题-无答案

英语专业四级真题解读（2014专用）（语法）专四考生盆友们，备考是否已经开始？动手早的盆友，是否倘佯在题海中！`(*∩_∩*)′不管哪种情况，都要揭穿真题的真相，知其考点所在。

知己知彼、百战不殆！下面从语法方面，对题型简要分析，以抛砖引玉。

现为考生盆友整理了2011-2013年的真题。

年份语法考核点2013情态动词、代词用法、限定词用法、句子成分、句式判断、虚拟语气、构词法等2012限定词用法、情态动词、句子成分、句意理解、虚拟语气等2011定语从句、句子成分、反意疑问句、句意理解、虚拟语气等2013年51.Facing the board of directors,he didn’t deny breaking the agreement.A.himB.hisC.itD.its52.Xinchun returned from abroad a different man.The italicized part functions as a(n)in the sentence.A.appositive(同位语)B.objectC.adverbialplement53.Which of the following is a compound word(复合词)?A.Nonsmoker.B.MeannessC.DeadlineD.Misfit54.Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?［A］Lucy insisted that her son get home before5o’clock.［B］She used to drive to work,but now she takes the city metro.［C］Walk straight ahead,and don’t turn till the second traffic lights.［D］Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55.The following determiners(限定词)can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT［A］many.［B］enough.［C］more.［D］such.56.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?［A］She opened the door and quietly went in.［B］Think it over again and you’ll get an answer.［C］Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.［D］He is somewhat arrogant,and I don’t like this.57.Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?［A］Much.［B］Neither.［C］One.［D］Quarter.58.All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT［A］Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.［B］The school pupils will be home by now.［C］The President is coming to the UN next week.［D］He is going to e-mail me the necessary information.59.Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?［A］Politics are the art or science of government.［B］Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.［C］Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.［D］All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60.Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?［A］The occupation of the island.［B］The law of Newton.［C］The arrival of the tourists.［D］The plays of Oscar Wilde.61.Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?［A］He is not the man to draw back.［B］Larry has a large family to support.［C］Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.［D］There is really nothing to fear.62.Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?［A］I wish you could stay behind.［B］You will mind your own business!［C］Come and have dinner with us.［D］Let me drive you home,shall I?63.If it tomorrow,the match would be put off.［A］was to rain［B］were to rain［C］was raining［D］had rained64.Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?［A］Mary and her son must be home by now.［B］Careless reading must give poor results.［C］He must be working late at the office.［D］It’s getting late,and I must leave now.65.The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词)EXCEPT［A］remain.［B］turn.［C］write.［D］knock.51.［B］代词用法题。

专业英语四级听力-14(总分45,考试时间90分钟)PART Ⅰ DICTATION1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.【点此下载音频文件】PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow, Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.【点此下载音频文件】1. What does the recent report say about Brazil?A. It will face challenges unprecedented in its history.B. It is a resolute advocate of the anti-global movement.C. It is bound to regain its full glory of a hundred years ago.D. It will be a major economic power by the mid-21st century.2. What problem does Alberto say Brazil faces now?A. The lack of overall urban planning.B. The huge gap between the haves and have-nots.C. The inadequate supply of water and electricity.D. The shortage of hi-tech personnel.3. What does Alberto say about economically successful countries?A. They attach great importance to education.B. They are able to grasp growth opportunities.C. They are good at learning from other nations.D. They have made use of advanced technologies.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.【点此下载音频文件】4. What is the conversation mainly about?A. How to care for precious metals.B. A standard unit for measuring weight.C. The value of precious metals.D. Using the metric system.5. How was the weight used?A. To check the accuracy of scales.B. To calculate the density of other metals.C. To observe changes in the atmosphere.D. To measure amounts of rainfall.6. It is necessary to replace the old standard weight because______.A. someone spilled water on itB. someone lost itC. it was made of low quality metalD. the standard for measuring had changed7. What does Dr. Thomas probably think about the cost of the new weight?A. It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.B. It is difficult to judge the value of such an object.C. It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.D. It is too high for such a light weight.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.【点此下载音频文件】8. What is the man making inquiries about?A. Full parking facilities.B. Leaving his car in the U.K.C. Having his car serviced.D. Hiring a car abroa9. What is the man's reaction to the questions he has to answer?A. Completely indifferent.B. Fairly relaxed.C. Quite annoyed.D. Rather impatient.10. Why does the man leave in a hurry?A. To avoid losing his license.B. To avoid being severely fined.C. To avoid losing his parking space.D. To avoid being arrested by the traffic warden.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.【点此下载音频文件】11. Why are London taxi drivers very efficient?A. Because they have a driving license.B. Because they have received Special training.C. Because the traffic conditions in London are good.D. Because the traffic system of the city is not **plex.12. How long does the training period last?A. Two to four months.B. About three weeks.C. At least half a year.D. Two years or mor13. Why does the speaker think the driving test is a terrible experience?A. Government officers are hard to please.B. The learners have to go through several tough tests.C. The learners usually fail several times before they pass it.D. The driving test usually lasts two months.14. Why do learner drivers have to keep their present jobs?A. They don't want their present bosses to know what they're doing.B. They want to earn money from both jobs.C. They cannot earn money as taxi drivers yet.D. They look forward to further promotion.Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.【点此下载音频文件】15. Why do few Asian-American students major in human science?A. Because their English is not good enough.B. Because they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas.C. Because there is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures.D. Because they know little about American cultures and Western cultures.16. What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian culture?A. A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.B. Hard work and intelligence.C. Parental help and a limited knowledge of English.D. Asian culture and the American educational system.17. Why do the two "explanations" worry Asian Americans?A. They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general.B. People would think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.C. Asian Americans would be a threat to other minorities.D. American academic achievements have taken on too strong an Asian character.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.【点此下载音频文件】18. What happened 25 years ago?A. Michael's parents got divorced.B. Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson.C. Karen's mother died in a car accident.D. A truck driver lost his life in a collision.19. What does the speaker say about Michael's father?A. He ran a red light and collided with a truck.B. He sacrificed his life to save a baby girl.C. He was killed instantly in a burning car.D. He got married to Karen's mother.20. Why did Michael cry uncontrollably when he skimmed over the newspaper article?A. Because the reported hero turned out to be his father.B. Because he did not understand his father till too late.C. Because such misfortune should have fallen on him.D. Because it reminded him of his miserable childhooSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.【点此下载音频文件】21. Altogether how many people were injured during the violence?A. 1.B. 2.C. 13.D. 14.22. How long has the violence lasted?A. For one day.B. For two days.C. For the whole summer.D. For one year.23. Question 23 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question.Now, listen to the news.【点此下载音频文件】A. 22 million.B. 36 million.C. 25 million.D. 58 million.Questions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.【点此下载音频文件】24. What happened during the accident?A. A train hit another train.B. A train killed 23 people.C. A train went off its tracks.D. A train was trapped inside the station.25. Which of the following statements best describes the condition of the passengers?A. No one was fatally injured.B. There were many heavy casualties.C. No one was hurt during the accident.D. Someone was killed during the accident.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.【点此下载音频文件】26. What did the protestors do to support Alfredo Reinado?A. They burned houses and trees.B. They burned tires and threw stones.C. **mitted suicide bombings.D. They had fight against security forces.27. Where did the Austrafian-led forces attempt to capture Major Reinado?A. In his house in southern Dili.B. In the street of Dill downtown.C. At his base in a town south of Dili.D. At the base of his house in south of Dill.28. Which statement is true as to the description of capture operation?A. Four people and Major Reinado himself were killed.B. Four people were killed, but Major Reinado escaped.C. Four people including Major Reinado were killed.D. Four people escaped, but Major Reinado was killeQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.【点此下载音频文件】29. Nigeria returned to the Commonwealth after______.A. it had sentenced minority rights activists to deathB. the military had resumed control of the countryC. power had been handed over to an elected presidentD. it had negotiated with Commonwealth leaders30. The Commonwealth consists of ______countries which were mainly former British colonies.A. 54B. 29C. 9D. 95。

专业英语四级-14(总分100,考试时间90分钟)GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY1. In the sentence "It"s no use crying over spilt milk", the italicized phrase isA. an adverbial.B. a complement.C. the object.D. the subject.2. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All the guests had a good time.B. Many her students passed the exam.C. Haft the car was damaged.D. Both her parents are teachers.3. The manager has anticipated the situation that we ______ a certain amount of resistance to our plan.A. meetB. will meetC. metD. have met4. Many a delegate was in favor of his proposal that a **mittee ______ to investigate the incident.A. is set upB. was set upC. be set upD. will be set up5. They gained ______ fat as be expected, and it was all in their belly area.A. twice as muchB. much twiceC. twice so muchD. as much twice6. He will not leave for America—for one thing, he hasn"t recovered yet, and ______, he doesn"t like work abroad.A. in additionB. what"s moreC. for anotherD. as well7. The thief tried to break away from the police who ______ him, but failed.A. was holdingB. has heldC. would holdD. had held8. The Greens went to Qinghai to visit some friends, and spent the ______ days at the seaside.A. few sunny lastB. last sunny fewC. last few sunnyD. few last sunny9. Please contact us at 4777 8886 whenever ______.A. it will be convenient to youB. you will be convenientC. you are convenientD. it is convenient to you10. —Do you like orange juice?—Yes. So much ______ that I drink it almost every day in summer.A. asB. soC. toD. for11. There were twenty people at the very outside. The underlined part means ______.A. at leastB. at mostC. at lastD. untold12. His car was ______ to avoid bumping against the roadblock.A. swervedB. twistedC. departedD. swung13. He will be doing his best to ______ himself on his opponent for last year"s defeat.A. remedyB. reproachC. reviveD. revenge14. The French, long proud of their reputation for high-class cuisine, strongly ______ on the saying: they are the least attracted to quick meals.A. reckonB. frownC. speculateD. figure15. The prisoner was questioned for three hours but he remained ______ throughout his trial.A. blindB. deafC. dumbD. inarticulate16. The super star turned down interview requests, saying he preferred to keep a lowA. profileB. toneC. outlineD. face17. The decision of the Supreme Court was that the government has used its power too ______ under the Act.A. broadlyB. expensivelyC. covertlyD. liberally18. Such a decision would ______ a huge political risk in the midst of the presidential campaign.A. resultB. assureC. entailD. accomplish19. Soon after the accident happened, the vehicles involved were ______ away.A. jerkedB. towedC. draggedD. draped20. Mike was very respectful at home and ______ to his parents.A. timidB. submissiveC. obedientD. tame21. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. The temperature variesfrom 30 degrees to minus 20.B. I work hardso as to get promoted.C. For all his efforts, he didn"t pass the exam.D. I was frightenedat the terrible sight.22. The sentence that expresses COMPLAINT isA. How did you find the new product?B. Don"t you like playing badminton?C. Where will you go this weekend?D. Couldn"t you be a little bit quiet?23. In phrases like steaming hot, shining bright, biting cold, the -ING participle is usedA. for emphasis.B. for concession.C. as a condition.D. as a command.24. Michelle is said ______ some progress in her scientific research in the past year.A. to have madeB. to makeC. makingD. having made25. Whether my judgement ______ right or wrong, I will continue my research without any hesitation.A. wereB. would beC. beD. is26. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ______ round the earth.A. circlesB. should circleC. was circlingD. were circling27. When ______, the bridge connecting the island to the continent will be open to traffic next year.A. completedB. completingC. **pletedD. to be completed28. ______ these objections, we can not ignore the advantages of learning through the Internet.A. DespiteB. Instead ofC. ForD. Like29. Mom enjoyed herself so much ______ she was on vacation in France with dad last year.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. when30. The experiment was ______ we had anticipated.A. a success more thanB. more a success thanC. a success as much asD. as much of a success as31. Scientists first ______ the idea of atomic bomb in the 1930"s.A. deceivedB. conceivedC. relievedD. perceived32. We finished all of the food at a sitting. The underlined part means ______.A. at one timeB. in timeC. on timeD. at a time33. As means of communication, poetry and dances ______ many of the limitations of music.A. exceedB. overtakeC. transcendD. surmount34. He was charged with causing death by ______ driving.A. venturesomeB. daringC. rashD. reckless35. The mayor ______ his political view on the radio.A. set upB. set forthC. set aboutD. set in36. The doctor"s discover will have a ______ effect on mankind.A. extremeB. radicalC. excessiveD. profound37. The Navy is warning ships to stay away from the coast of Somalia after a series of attacks there.A. burglarB. banditC. gangsterD. pirate38. The government ______ between the workers and the employers.A. mediatedB. reconciledC. interferedD. involved39. Green tea has in recent years attracted much attention in the West for a wide range of possible ______ effects.A. advantageousB. beneficialC. favorableD. preferable40. You should try to remain ______ and hear both sides of the story.A. impartialB. objectiveC. impersonalD. inhuman。

专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-4(总分100,考试时间90分钟)1. Which of the following sentences has a **plement?A. A letter was written to her.B. The child is told a story every night.C. I was reminded what to do.D. The dog is called Karl.2. She got the job by virtue of her greater experience. The underlined word means ______.A. moralityB. qualityC. meansD. advantage3. In the event of failure we must wind up our business. The underlined part means ______.A. in accordance ofB. in consequence ofC. in terms ofD. in case of4. ______ he come late, give him the message.A. HadB. ShouldC. WouldD. If5. What does "She stupidly chose to be with this man. " mean?A. It was stupid of her to choose to be with this man.B. She chose to be with this man in a stupid manner.C. She fell in love with him and wanted to marry him.D. She chose, in a wise manner, to be with this man.6. Which of the following italicized parts is used as a predicative (表语)?A. I'm now downstairs, waiting for you.B. He runs downstairs to see his beloved girl friend.C. China is a developing country.D. The factory is developing quickly with the lead of an ambitious young woman.7. They quarreled themselves red in the face. The italicized part is ______.A. the subjectB. the objectC. the adverbialD. the predicate verb8. On Jan. 1, 2002, twelve European Union countries introduced Euro coins and notes, ______ means that 300 million people began to use the same money.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. when9. ______ it is, a dream or a scientific fact, all thinkers about the space travel have agreed on one thing: the trip is worth making.A. WhateverB. WhoeverC. WhoseverD. Whichever10. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All the boys laughed to hear the good news.B. The men standing there all are steel workers.C. All of them are freshmen of our university.D. They all rushed forward but I kept back.11. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an adverbial?A. How many times have you been there?B. What on earth is the method he used to persuade Jack?C. How long does it take to go there?D. Which goes faster, the tiger or the leopard?12. Japan has taken a more independent stance ______.A. as it does beforeB. as it did beforeC. than it does a few years agoD. than it did a few years ago13. The Chinese film superstar once said that he would rather ______ remembered as a common person than as a celebrity.A. have beenB. beC. to have beenD. to be14. Which of the following sentences has an **plement?A. He told me the good news.B. They painted the wall creamy white.C. She speaks English very fluently.D. Please show me the way.15. He feels it his duty to help others. The italicized phrase is ______.A. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject16. Inside, the two small rooms were spare and neat, stripped ______ of ornaments.A. barrenB. baldC. bareD. bleak17. He aimed his rifle, fired a single shot, then ______ the spent cartridge.A. ejectedB. escapedC. erasedD. omitted18. Her ______ to executive manager is an acknowledgment of her hard work and unusual talent.A. occupationB. professionC. resignationD. promotion19. He stands accused of destroying the party in ______ of his presidential ambitions.A. searchB. pursuitC. viewD. light20. He tends to get carried ______ when watching wrestling on TV.A. onB. offC. backD. away21. We can use our eyes and facial expressions to communicate virtually every ______ nuance of emotion.A. intrinsicB. eternalC. subtleD. inherent22. More than five-thousand secondary school students have been ______ for cheating.A. explodedB. expelledC. excludedD. exiled23. The Group of Seven major industrial countries concluded its annual ______ meeting today.A. summitB. peakC. heightD. highlight24. Although our boss had been so unkind to us, we heaped coals of fire on his ______ by helping him in his misfortune.A. shoulderB. handC. armD. head25. Non-fat dairy products supply the needed nutrients without ______ calories.A. excessiveB. optionalC. additionalD. arbitrary26. The criminal justice system is in need of ______ reform to prevent more people from being wrongfully imprisoned.A. temporaryB. hastyC. immediateD. urgent27. He argued forcefully and ______ that they were likely to bankrupt the budget.A. bluntlyB. convincinglyC. emphaticallyD. determinedly28. They brush off the charges without **ment. The underlined part means ______.A. a deaf ear toB. blow offC. break shortD. call to mind29. Just be as cool as a cucumber. The underlined part means ______.A. happyB. calmC. straightD. cool30. Which of the following sentences has an **plement?A. They served me a trick.B. I consider him a gentleman.C. She passed him the salt.D. This incident caused us much trouble.31. I've never played tennis, but I'll give it a shot. The underlined part means ______.A. give it a handB. hang outC. turn upD. have a try32. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. Either of the books is popular with the students.B. You can park on either side of the street.C. I don't like the red shirt and I don't like the green one either.D. You may either stay at home nor go there with us.33. Which of the following sentences has a **plement?A. Jack was seen playing basketball yesterday.B. A doll was made for me.C. Some money was given to her.D. He was bought an expensive watch.34. "It's said that your journey was very pleasant. " The sentence means that ______.A. your journey is said to be very pleasantB. your journey was said to be very pleasantC. your journey is said to have been very pleasantD. your journey was said to being very pleasant35. Tom is immensely curious about everything and as eager to find the answers as if he ______ dealing with the subject for the first time.A. isB. beC. wasD. were36. The activities of each day, ______. visiting the famous places of interest or anticipating the traditional party of local people, went quite smoothly:A. it beingB. be itC. was itD. it was37. Which of the following sentences has an **plement?A. They made him captain of the ship.B. They made him a model plane.C. I teach them English literature.D. She cooked me eggs.38. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills ______ people each year than automobile accidents.A. seven more timesB. seven times moreC. over seven timesD. more seven times39. Which of the following words can be used to complete the sentence " She cooks well ______. "?A. enoughB. hardlyC. ratherD. entirely40. ______ decides to run for President must file a financial statement with the Federal Election Commission.A. WhicheverB. WhoseverC. WhoeverD. Whatever41. ______, Vincente T. Ximenes spent many years as a government economist.A. Son of a small Texas farmerB. A small Texas farmer's son wasC. His son was a small Texas farmerD. A small farmer in Texas whose son42. ______ today, he would get there by Saturday.A. Was he leavingB. Would he leaveC. If he leavesD. Were he to leave43. She says he works hard, and ______.A. so he doesB. so does heC. does he soD. he so does44. If you ask for my opinion, I'd rather that you ______ for America next week.A. will leaveB. leftC. would leaveD. has left45. ______ nothing to eat, he had to go to bed without supper.A. There wasB. It beingC. There beingD. Being46. Jackson was the winner for a second ______ year.A. successiveB. constantC. eternalD. insistent47. In answer to speculation that she wouldn't finish the race, she boldly declared her ______ of winning it.A. intentionB. instinctC. integrityD. intensity48. His poor performance may be ______ to lack of motivation rather than to reading difficulties.A. aidedB. amountedC. addedD. attributed49. The owner of the auto plant refused to raise the workers' wages, saying that it would ______ the profit.A. cut offB. cut shortC. cut intoD. cut up50. There is no question of success. The underlined word means ______.A. possibilityB. doubtC. sighD. hope51. Curious tourists and reporters from around the globe are ______ upon the peaceful villages.A. incliningB. decliningC. increasingD. descending52. "The girl standing under the tree is really charming" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT ______.A. the girl who has stood under the tree...B. the girl who has been standing under the tree...C. the girl who is standing under the tree...D. the girl who will stand under the tree...53. His charm and the fact that he is so likeable often allows him to get ______ with murder.A. awayB. overC. byD. off54. He's a smart businessman who is good at hiding his ______ under a bushel.A. ideaB. coinC. lightD. wit55. Chaplin was not just a genius; he was among the most ______ figures in film history.A. influentialB. compulsoryC. indispensableD. essential56. Since he worked the hardest, he got the lion's share. The underlined part means ______.A. the biggest shareB. the share taken from a lionC. the most precious partD. the heaviest part57. It stands to reason that if you are ______ and friendly to people you will get a lot more back.A. concernedB. compatibleC. considerateD. complied58. I decided not to ______ John when he was in such a desperate position.A. vanishB. separateC. abandonD. resign59. The ______ regarding vitamin C is unlikely to be resolved in the near future.A. deviationB. controversyC. distinctionD. comparison60. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "I haven't been there ______. "?A. beforeB. alreadyC. latelyD. yet。

2013英语专业四级真题语法、完型填空题及解析【完形填空原文】Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us；nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves；nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. By means of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about how taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally？In most countries, a direct tax on persons, which is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer’s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninety-five percent!But countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties, in the form of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is fairer, as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.【语法题真题及解析】51. Facing the board of directors,he didn'tdeny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD.its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。

专业英语四级语法与词汇模拟题14单项选择题1. It is reported that ______ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.A.the mostB.most ofC.mostD.the most of答案：C[解答] 考查限定词的用法。

It是该句的形式主语，“that ______ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are”为句子的真正主语。

其中“______ adopted children”作主语从句的主语，故选most作形容词修饰adopted children，C为正确答案。

2. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always ______ with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.A.being combinedB.having combinedC.to combinebined答案：A[解答] 考查非谓语动词。

owing to为固定短语，其中to是介词，后应接名词或动名词，根据题意，可知此处应该用被动语态形式。

故A为正确答案。

3. I'd rather you ______ by train because the weather forecast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow.A.wentB.should goC.will goD.go答案：A[解答] 考查虚拟语气。

would rather后接虚拟语气的从句，如果表示对现在或将来的虚拟，要用一般过去时。

故A为正确答案。

4. Most electronic devices of this kind, ______ manufactured for such purposes, are tightly packed.A.that areB.as areC.which isD.it is答案：B[解答] 考查定语从句。

英语专业四级完形填空汇总练习题附答案 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#一四级英语每日练习Passage 1It is well known that teenage boys tend to do better 1)______ math than girls, that male high school students are more likely than their female counterparts 2)______ advanced math courses like calculus, that virtually all the great mathematicians 3)______ men. Are women born with 4)______ mathematical ability Or does society's sexism slow their progress In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried 5)______ theeternal nature/nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow 6)______ 10,000 talented seventh and eighth graders between 1972 and 1979. Using the Scholastic Aptitude Test, in which math questions are meant to measure ability rather than knowledge, they discovered 7)______ sex differences. 8)______ the verbal abilities of the males and females 9)______ differed, twice as many boys as girls scored over 500 (on a scale of 200 to 800) on mathematical ability; at the 700 level, the ratio was 14 to 1. The conclusion: males have 10)______ superior mathematical reasoning ability. Benbow and Stanley's findings, 11)______ were published in "Science", disturbed some men and 12)______ women. Now there is comfort for those people in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests math 13)______ not, after all, a natural male domain. Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 tenth graders. They were selected from geometry classes andtested on their ability to solve geometry proofs, a subject requiring14)______ abstract reasoning and spatial ability. The conclusion 15)______ by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.1. A. at B. to C. of D. about2. A. in tackling B. tackling C. to tackle D. about tackling3. A. might be B. have been C. must be D. had been4. A. smaller B. less C. fewer D. not more5. A. to settle B. to set C. settling D. setting6. A. were tested B. have tested C. were testing D. had tested7. A. distinct B. instinct C. remote D. vague8. A. Since B. However C. As D. While9. A. scarcely not B. virtually C. largely D. hardly10. A. superficially B. universally C. inherently D. initially11. A. as B. that C. which D. all12. A. few B. not a few C. not few D. quite few13. A. be B. were C. was D. is14. A. none of B. neither of C. either D. both15. A. got B. gained C. reached D. accomplishedPassage 2We all know that a magician does not really depend on "magic" to perform his tricks, but on his ability to act at great speed. 16)______,this does not prevent us from enjoying watching a magician 17)______rabbits from a hat. 18)______ the greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini who died in 1926. Houdini mastered the art of 19)______. He could free himself from the tight test knots or the most complicated locks in seconds.20)______ no one really knows how he did this, there is no doubt 21)______ he had made a close study of every type of lock ever invented. He liked to carry a small steel needle like tool strapped to his leg and he used this inplace of a key.Houdini once asked the Chicago police to lock him in prison. They22)______ him in chains and locked him up, but he freed himself 23)______ an instant. The police 24)______ him of having used a tool and locked him up again . This time he wore no clothes and there were chains round his neck, waist, wrists, and legs; but he again escaped in a few minutes. Houdini had probably hidden his "needle" in a wax like 25)______ and dropped it on the floor in the passage. 26)______ he went past, he stepped on it so that it stuck to the bottom of his foot. His most famous escape, however, was27)______ astonishing. He was heavily chained up and enclosed in an empty wooden chest, the lid of 28)______ was nailed down. The 29)______ was dropped into the sea in New York harbor. In one minute Houdini had swum to the surface. When the chest was 30)______, it was opened and the chains were found inside.16. A. Generally B. However C. Possibly D. Likewise17. A. to produce B. who produces C. produce D. how to produce18. A. Out of the question B. Though C. Probably D. Undoubted19. A. escaping B. locking C. opening D. dropping20. A. Surprisingly B. Obviously C. Perhaps D. Although21. A. if B. whether C. as to D. that22. A. involved B. closed C. connected D. bound23. A. at B. by C. in D. for24. A. rid B. charged C. accused D. deprived25. A. candle B. mud C. something D. substance26. A. As B. Usually C. Maybe D. Then27. A. overall B. all but C. no longer D. altogether28. A. it B. which C. that D. him29. A. chest B. body C. lid D. chain30. A. brought up B. sunk C. broken apart D. snapped二Passage 3Who won the World cup 1998 football game What happened at the United Nations How did the critics like the new play 31)______ an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets giving the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reporters are on the spot to gather the news. Newspapers have one basic 32)______, to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 33)______ it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 34)______ inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. 35)______, this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly make use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 36)______ and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 37)______ and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out into many other fields. Besides keeping readers 38)______ of the latest news, today's newspapers educate and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers' economic choices 39)______ advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 40)______. Newspapers are sold at a price that 41)______ even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main 42)______ of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The success in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This 43)______ in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper Circulation depends somewhat on the workof the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 44)______ in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as source of information 45)______ the community, city, country, state, nation and world and even outer space.31. A. Just when B. While C. Soon after D. Before32. A. reason B. cause C. problem D. purpose33. A. make B. publish C. know D. write34.A. anotherB. otherC. one anotherD. the other35.A. HoweverB. AndC. ThereforeD. So36.A. valueB. ratioC. rateD. speed37.A. spreadB. passedC. printedD. completed38.A. informB. be informedC. to be informedD. informed39.A. onB. throughC. withD. of40.A. formsB. existenceC. contentsD. purpose41.A. tries to coverB. manages to coverC. fails to coverD. succeeds in42.A. sourceB. originC. courseD. finance43.A. measuresB. measuredC. is measuredD. was measured44.A. offeringB. offeredC. which offeredD. to be offered45.A. byB. withC. atD. aboutPassage 4The United States is well known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. 46)______ these wide modern roads are generally 47)______ and well maintained, with 48)______ sharp curves andstraight sections, a direct route is not always the most 49)______ one.Large highways often pass 50)______ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally 51)______ large urban centers, which means that they become crowded with 52)______ traffic during rush hours,53)______ the "fast, direct" route becomes a very slow route.However, there is almost always another routeto take 54)______ you are not in a hurry. Not far from the 55)______ new "superhighways", there are often older, 56)______ heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside. 57)______ of these are good two lane roads; others are uneven roads curving through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high 58)______, or down frightening hillsideto towns 59)______ in deep valleys. Through these less direct routes,longer and slower, they generally go to places 60)______the air is clean and scenery is beautiful, and the driver may have a chance to get a fresh, clean view of the world.46.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. BecauseD. Therefore47.A. stableB. splendidC. smoothD. complicated48.A. littleB. fewC. muchD. many49.A. terribleB. possibleC. enjoyableD. profitable50.A. toB. intoC. overD. by51.A. leadB. connectC. collectD. communicate52.A. largeB. fastC. highD. heavy53.A. whenB. forC. butD. that54.A. unlessB. ifC. asD. since55.A. relativelyB. regularlyC. respectivelyD. reasonably56.A. andB. lessC. moreD. or57.A. AllB. SeveralC. LotsD. Some58.B. cliffsC. roadsD. paths59.A. lyingB. layingC. laidD. lied60.A. thereB. whenC. whichD. wherePassage 5Early Tudor England was to a large extentself-sufficient. Practically all the necessities of life -- food, clothing, fuel and housing -- were produced from native resources by native effort, and it was to 61)______ these primary needs that the great mass of the population labored 62)______ its daily tasks. Production was for the most part organized in innumerable small units. In the country the farm, the hamlet and the village lived on 63)______ they could grow or make for themselves, and 64) ______ the sale of any surplus in the local market town, 65)______ in the towns craftsmen applied themselves to their one-man business, making the boots and shoes, the caps and the cloaks, the 66)______ and harness of townsmen and countrymen 67)______. Once a week town and country would meet to make 68)______ at a market which came 69) ______ realizing the medieval idea of direct contact between producer and 70)______. This was the traditional economy, which was hardly altered for some centuries, and which set the 71) ______ of work and the standard of life of perhaps nice out of 72) ______ ten English men and women. The work was long and 73)______, and the standard of life achieved was almost 74)______ low. Most Englishmen lied by a diet which was often 75)______ and always monotonous, wore coarse and ill-fitting clothes which harbored dirt undermine, and lived in holes whose squalor would affront the modern slum dweller.61.A. settleB. answerC. satisfy62.A. atB. inC. onD. with63.A. whichB. whatC. whetherD. where64.A. withB. byC. onD. for65.A. althoughB. whileC. neverthelessD. when66.A. machinesB. apparatusC. equipmentD. implement67.A. similarB. skinC. likeD. alike68.A. exchangeB. bargainC. dealingD. ride69.A. close atB. adjacent toC. near toD. near-by70.A. consumerB. buyerC. userD. shopper71.A. modelB. formC. patternD. method72.A. everyB. eachC. theD. other73.A. cruelB. hardC. ruthlessD. severe74.A. unimaginativelyB. unimaginablyC. imaginarilyD. unimaginedly75.A. weakB. littleC. meagerD. sparsePassage 6Unlike most sports, which evolved over time from street games, basketball was designed by one man to suit a particularpurpose. The man was Dr. James Naismith, and his purpose was to invent a vigorous game that could be played indoors in the winter.In 1891, Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained physical education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying 76)______ up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy 77)______ the football and baseball seasons. None of the standard indoor activities 78)______ their interest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem by the school.He first tried to 79)______ some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too rough. The men were getting bruised form tackling each other and 80)______ hit with equipment. So, Naismith decided to invent a game that would incorporate the most common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact.Most popular sports used a ball, so he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it 81)______ no equipment, such as a bat or a racket to hit it. Next he decided 82)______ an elevated goal, so that scoring world depend on skill and accuracy rather than on 83)______ only.His goals were two peach baskets, 84)______ to ten-foot-high balconies at each end of the gym. The basic 85)______ of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith worth rules for the game, 86)______ of which, though with some small changes, are still87)______ effect.Basketball was an immediate success. The students 88)______ it to their friends and the new sport quickly 89)______ on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games 90)______ the world.76.A. to have comeB. comingC. comeD. to come77.A. between? ? ? ?B. duringC. whenD. for78.A. rousedB. heldC. hadD. were79.A. imitateB. adoptC. adaptD. renovate80.A. beingB. to beC. beenD. were81.A. requestedB. usedC. requiredD. took82.A. onB. toC. ofD. with83.A. powerB. strengthC. forceD. might84.A. fixedB. fixingC. that fixD. which fixed85.A. methodB. ruleC. wayD. ideaB. muchC. manyD. little87.A. withB. in? ? ? ?C. onD. for88.A. definedB. spreadC. taughtD. discussed89.A. wentB. tookC. putD. caught90.A. ofB. throughoutC. amongD. through1. A2. C3. B4. B5. A6. D7. A8. D9. D10. C11. C12. B13. D16. B17. C18. C19. A20. D21. D22. D23. C24. C25. D26. A27. D28. B29. A30. A31. C32. D33. C34. B35. A36. D37. C38. D39. B40. B41. C42. A43. C44. B45. D46. A47. C48. B49. C50. D51. B52. D55. A56. B57. D58. B59. A60. D61. C62. A63. B64. C65. B66. D67. D68. A69. C70. A71. C72. A73. B74. B75. C76. D77. A78. B79. C80. A81. C82. A83. B84. A85. D86. C87. B88. C89. B90. B ClozeDecide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Select the correct choice for each blank.Aesthetic thought of a distinctively modern bent emerged during the 18th century.? ? The western philosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters (1)_____ natural beauty, the sublime, and representation -- a trend reflecting the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature.? ? (2)_____ that time, however, the philosophy of art has become ever more (3)_____ and has begun to (4)_____ the philosophy of nature.? ? Various issues (5)_____ to the philosophy of art have had a (6)_____ impact (7)_____ the orientation of 20th-century aesthetics.? ?(8)_____ among these are problems relating to the theory of art as form and(9)_____ the distinction between representation and expression.? ? Still another far-reaching question has to do with the value of art.? ? Two opposing theoretical positions (10)_____ on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a means to some recognized moral good, (11)_____ the other maintains that art is intrinsically valuable and is an end in itself.? ? Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic concerns of aesthetics.? ? In recent years there has also been an increasing (12)_____ with art as the prime object of critical judgment.? ? Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, (13)_____ have followed (14)_____ of two approaches.? ? In one, criticism is restricted to the analysis and interpretation of the work of art.? ? (15)_____, it is devoted to articulating the response to the aesthetic object and to(16)_____ a particular way of perceiving it.Over the years, aesthetics has developed into a broad field of knowledge and inquiry.? ? The concerns of contemporary aesthetics include such (17)_____ problems as the nature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to culture; the (18)_____ of a history of art; the (19)_____ of Freudian psychology and other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in practical (20)_____ in the conduct of everyday affairs.1.A. forB. asC. toD. with2.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. In3.A. promotionalB. promissoryC. promiscuousD. prominent4.A. plantB. supplantC. transplantD. replant5.A. centralB. concentratingC. focusingD. centering6.A. markingB. remarkingC. markedD. remarked7.A. onB. forC. inD. to8.A. ForebodyingB. ForemostC. ForethoughtfulD. Foregone9.A. forB. forC. toD. on10.A. have broughtB. have been broughtC. have takenD. have been taken11.A. whereasB. whereinC. whereonD. wherefore12.A. preoccupancyB. preoccupationC. premonitionD. preoption13.A. artistsB. writersC. criticsD. analysts14.A. allB. eitherC. neitherD. none15.A. In the other mannerB. In the other wayC. In anotherD. In the other16.A. justifyB. justifiedC. justifyingD. having justified17.A. diverseB. dividedC. divineD. dividual18.A. vicinityB. viabilityC. villainyD. visibility19.A. relianceB. reliabilityC. reliefD. relevancy20.A. reasonB. reasonablenessC. reasoningD. reasonability1. B2. A3. D4. B5. A6. C7. A8. B9. C10. D11. A12. B13. C14. B15. D16. C17. A18. B19. D20. CClozeDecide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Select the correct choice for each blank.Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment, has been continuously practiced by humans for some 20,000 years.? ? Together with other activities (1)_____ ritualistic in origin but have come to be designated as artistic (such as music or dance), painting was one of the earliest ways in which man (2)_____ to express his own personality and his(3)_____ understanding of an existence beyond the material world.? ?(4)_____ music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day.? ? The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction (5)_____ the 15,000-year-old cave murals of Lascaux -- some examples (6)_____ to the considerable powers ofdraftsmanship of these early artists.? ? And painting, like other arts, exhibits universal qualities that (7)_____ for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate.The major (8)_____ examples of early painting anywhere in the world arefound in Western Europe and the Soviet Union.? ? But some 5,000 years ago,the areas in which important paintings were executed (9)_____ to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions.? ? (10)_____, Western shared a European cultural tradition -- the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World.? ?Western painting is in general distinguished by its concentration (11)_____ the representation of the human (12)_____, whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world.? ? The Renaissance (13)_____ this tradition through a (14)_____ examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and perspective in the visible world, linking painting (15)_____ the developing sciences of anatomy and optics.? ? The first real (16)_____ from figurative painting came with the growth of landscape painting in the 17th and 18th centuries.? ? The landscape and figurative traditions developed together in the 19th century in an atmosphere that was increasingly(17)_____ "painterly" qualities of the (18)_____ of light and color and the expressive qualities of paint handling.? ? In the 20th century theseinterests (19)_____ to the development of a third major tradition in Western painting, abstract painting, which sought to (20)_____ and express the true nature of paint and painting through action and form.1.A. may have beenB. that may haveC. may haveD. that may have been2.A. seekB. soughtC. seek forD. sought for3.A. emergingB. emergencyC. mergingD. merger4.A. AsB. UnlikeC. LikeD. Since5.A. fromB. toC. intoD. for6.A. ratifyB. testifyC. certifyD. gratify7.A. make easyB. make it easyC. make hardD. make it hard8.A. extinctB. extentC. extantD. exterior9.A. had shiftedB. have shiftedC. shiftingD. shifted10.A. NeverthelessB. MoreoverC. HoweverD. Therefore11.A. toB. inC. onD. for12.A. figureB. shapeC. shadowD. form13.A. extractedB. extendedC. extortedD. extruded14.A. closingB. closeC. closedD. closure15.A. onB. forC. inD. to16.A. breakB. breakageC. breakdownD. breaking17.A. concerned withB. concerningC. concerning withD. concerned for18.A. reactionB. actionC. interactionD. relation19.A. distributedB. attributedC. contributedD. construed20.A. discoverB. uncoverC. recoverD. cover2. B3. A4. B5. A6. B7. B8. C9. D10. D11. C12. A13. B14. B15. D16. A17. A18. C19. C20. BDirections: Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.? ? Select the correct choice for each blank.Flight simulator (飞行模拟器) refers to any electronic or mechanical system for training airplane and spacecraft pilots and crew member by simulating flight conditions.? ? The purpose of simulation is not to completely substitute (1)_____ actual flight training but to thoroughly familiarize students with the vehicle (2)_____ before they (3)_____ extensive and possibly dangerous actual flight training.? ? Simulations also is useful for review and for familiarizing pilots with new (4)_____ to existing craft. Two early flight simulators appeared in England within a decade after the first flight of Orville and Wilbur Wright.? ? They were designed to enable pilots to stimulate simple aircraft (5)_____ in three dimensions: nose up or down; left wing high and right low, or vice versa; and (6)_____ to left or right.? ? It took until 1929, however, for a truly effective simulator, the Link Trainer, to appear, devised by Edwin A. Link, a self-educated aviator and inventor from Binghamton, New York.? ? (7)_____, airplane instrumentation had been developed sufficiently to permit "blind" flying on instruments alone, but training pilots to do so involved (8)_____ risk.? ? Link built a model of an airplane cockpit equipped (9)_____ instrument panel and controls that could realistically stimulate all the movements of an airplane.? ? Pilots could use the device for instrument training, manipulating the controls (10)_____ instrument readings so as to maintain straight and level flight or (11)_____ climb or descent with no visual reference (12)_____ any horizon except for the artificial one on the instrument panel.? ? The trainer was modified (13)_____ aircraft technology advanced.? ? Commercial airlines began to use the Link Trainer for pilot training, and the US government began purchasing them in 1934, (14)_____ thousands more as World War II approached.Technological advances during the war, particularly in electronics, helped to make the flight simulator increasingly (15)_____.? ? The use of efficient analog computers in the early 1950s led to further improvements.? ? Airplane cockpits, controls, and instrument displays had by then become so individualized that it was no longer feasible to use a generalized trainer to prepare pilots to fly anything (16)_____ the simplest light planes.? ? By the 1950s, the US Air Force was using simulators that precisely (17)_____ the cockpits of its planes.? ? During the early 1960s (18)_____ digital and hybrid computers were adopted, and their speed and flexibilityrevolutionized simulation systems.? ? Further advances in computer and(19)_____ technology, notably the development of virtual-reality simulation, have made it possible to (20)_____ highly complex real-life conditions.1.A. forB. toC. withD. on2.A. concerningB. concernC. being concernedD. concerned3.A. undertakeB. undergoC. underplayD. underuse4.A. modelsB. modificationsC. modifiersD. modica5.A. manifestationsB. manipulationsC. manifestoesD. maneuvers6.A. yawlingB. yawningC. yawingD. yawping7.A. From then onB. From now onC. By nowD. By then8.A. considerableB. considerateC. consideringD. considered9.A. forB. inC. withD. on10.A. on the part ofB. on the basis ofC. on the track ofD. on the verge of11.A. controlB. controllableC. controlledD. controller12.A. toB. forC. onD. in13.A. as forB. as toC. asD. for14.A. acquiringB. requiringC. sustainingD. retaining15.A. actualB. realisticC. realizingD. true16.A. exceptB. except forC. apart fromD. but17.A. replenishedB. replacedC. replicatedD. reposed18.A. electronicB. electricC. electricityD. electron19.A. programB. programmableC. programmedD. programming20.A. resurrectB. reproduceC. resuscitateD. resume2. D3. B4. B5. D6. C7. D8. A9. C10. B11. C12. A13. C14. A15. B16. D17. C18. A19. D20. B。

英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题参照答案与解析11.Ho.ca..concentrat.i.yo.________.continuall._____.m.wit.sill. questions?A.have.interruptedB.are.interruptedC.had.interruptingD.were.interrupting选A。

虽然我觉得更应当说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。

不过这里用目前完毕时表达旳是一种动作发生过成为过去经历, 有也许多次发生, 也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不停反复到目前。

12.Amon.th.fou.sentence.below.Sentenc.__.expresse.th.highes.d egre.o.possibility?A.I.ma.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.B.I.migh.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.C.I.coul.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.D.I.shoul.tak..lon.tim.t.fin..solutio.t.th.problem.选D。

四个里把握度最高旳是should, 另一方面是may, 最终是might和could。

13.Sh.i..bette.speake.tha.____.i.th.class.A.an.boyB.th.othe.boysC.othe.an.girlD.al.th.girls选A。

主语是she, 女旳, 因此不能选B。

C旳对旳说法是any other girl。

14.Nobod.hear.hi.sing.______?A.di.oneB.di.heC.didn’.theyD.di.they选B。

大学英语考试专业英语四级TEM4模拟题2020年(14)(总分72.1, 做题时间130分钟)PART Ⅰ LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE1. Everyone is surprised that she has fallen out with her boyfriend. The underlined part means ______.•**•**•****SSS_SINGLE_SELA AB BC CD D2. Animal mothers are devoted to their young and ______ them with love and discipline.•**•**•****SSS_SINGLE_SELA AB BC CD D3. In his biography, the old scientist is described as a very______ truth seeker.•**•**•****SSS_SINGLE_SELA AB BC CD D4. The train is to arrive at Beijing Station at 10.30 p.m. and by then the plane I plan to take ______.•** have left•** leave•** left** leaveSSS_SINGLE_SELA AB BC CD D5. Which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?•** will scarcely be disputed by his warmest friends that he was in error.•** odds are that he will not do it.•** can't make up my mind who should be asked to speak first.** wasn't certain whose house I was in.SSS_SINGLE_SELA AB BC CD DPART Ⅱ CLOZE. A. additional B. affect C. aptly D. assimilateE. circulationF. closelyG. consistentH. enthusiasmI. identify J. impact K. penalty L. rewardM. simplifying N. suspending O. vulnerableSome performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employees who receive a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their 1 and reduce their effort or search for a new job ata firm that will 2 them for high performance. Supervisors should acknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future.Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must 3 the reasons for poor performance. Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse 4 on performance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a bad attitude, may not be temporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation, they must decide whether to take any 5 actions. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation can pinpoint (指出) the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simply need to monitor theemployees 6 and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected.If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period, however, they may be unable orunwilling to correct them. This situation is more serious, and the supervisor may need to take action. The action shouldbe 7 with the firm's guidelines and may include reassigning the employees to new jobs, 8 them temporarily, or firing them. A supervisor's action toward a poorly performing worker can 9 the attitudes of other employees. Ifno 10 is imposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well.SSS_FILL1.SSS_FILL2.SSS_FILL3.SSS_FILL4.SSS_FILL5.SSS_FILL6.SSS_FILL7.SSS_FILL8.SSS_FILL9.SSS_FILL10.PART Ⅲ READING COMPREHENSION. SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are four passages followed by tenmultiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown. Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose-schoolwork, matters of business, or purely **munication. You may be sure that the more painstaking the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.(2) There are still some remote places in the world where you might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a few managers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rate kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from.But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.(3) We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put into the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not just thrown into some "letters-to-be-read" file or into a wastepaper basket. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skill of interesting, effective writing.PASSAGE TWO(1) Despite these alarming statistics, the scale of the threat that smoking causes to women's health has received surprisinglylittle attention. Smoking is still seen by many as a mainly male problem, perhaps because men were the first to take up the habit and therefore the first to suffer the ill-effects. This is no longer the case. Women who smoke like men will die like men. WHO estimates that, in industrialized countries, smoking rates amongst men and women are very similar, at around 30 percent; in a large number of developed countries, smoking is now **mon among teenage girls than boys.(2) As women took up smoking later than men, the full impact of smoking on their health has yet to be seen. But it is clear from countries where women have smoked longest, such as the United Kingdom and the United States, that smoking causes the same diseases in women as in men and the gap between their death rates is narrowing. On current trends, some 20 to 25 percent of women who smoke will die from their habit. One in three of these deaths will be among women under 65 year of age. The US Surgeon General has estimated that, amongst these women, smoking is responsible for around 40 percent heart disease deaths, 55 percent of lethal strokes and, among women of all ages, 80 percent of lung cancer deaths and 30 percent of all cancer deaths. Over the last 20 years, death rates in women from lung cancer have more than doubled in Japan, Norway, Poland, Sweden and the United Kingdom; have increased by more than 200 percent in Australia, Denmark and New Zealand; and have increased by more than 300 percent in Canada and the United States.PASSAGE THREE(1) A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It alltranslates in to a fundamental change in the way we work. Alreadywe're partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things (manufacturing) has fallen dramatically in the WesternWorld. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two thirds or more in many countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation can't be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself.(2) We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what might lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in **puters,**munications and factory robots. Tomorrow's achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying of the information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else.PASSAGE FOUR(1) For years there have been endless articles stating that scientists are on the verge of achieving artificial intelligence,that it is just around **er. The truth is that it may be just around the corner, but they haven't yet found the fight block.(2) Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that can think. One immediate problem is to define thought, which is harder than you might think. The specialists in the field of artificial**plain, with some justification, that anything that their machines do is dismissed as not being thought. For example, computers can now play very, very good chess. They can't beat the greatest players in the world, but they can beat just anyone else. If a human being played chess at this level, he or she would certainly be considered smart. Why not a machine? The answer is that the machine doesn't do anything cleverer than playing chess. It uses its blinding speed to do a brute-force search of all possible moves for several moves ahead, evaluates the outcomes and picks the best. Human don't play chess that way. They see patterns, **puters don't.(3) This wooden approach to thought characterizes machine intelligence. Computers have no judgment, no flexibility, no common sense. So-called expert systems, one of the hottest areas inartificial intelligence, aim to mimic the reasoning processes of human experts in the limited field, such as medical diagnosis orweather forecasting. There may be **mercial application for this sort of thing, but there is no way to make a machine that can think about anything under the sun, which a teenage can do.(4) The hallmark of artificial intelligence to date is that ifa problem is severely restricted, a machine can achieve limited success. But when the problem is expanded to a realistic one, computers fall flat on their display screens. For example, machines can understand a few words spoken individually by a speaker that they have been trained to hear. They cannot understand continuous speech using an unlimited vocabulary spoken by just any speaker.SSS_SINGLE_SEL1. In this passage, good writing is compared to fine food because ______.(PASSAGE ONE)•** writers and cooks have to work long hours every day•** are essential to life•** writers and cooks can earn a good living** are enjoyableA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL2. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is______.(PASSAGE ONE)•** explain and persuade•** comment and criticize•** interest and entertain** argue and demonstrateA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL** will have the same diseases as men•** women may suffer from smoking than men•** smoking rates among men and women will drop** teenage girls today may give up smoking when they are grown-upsA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL4. All of the following statements are the effects of smoking on women EXCEPT that ______.(PASSAGE TWO)•** death rates of the women and men who are smoking are in similar proportion•** causes the same diseases in women as in men•** the past 20 years, death rates in women from lung cancer have more than doubled** is responsible for 30 percent of all cancer deaths among womenA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL5. In the phrase "lethal stroke", the word "lethal" most probably means ______.(PASSAGE TWO)•** death•** discomfort•** poor health** anxietyA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL6. One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that ______.(PASSAGE THREE)•** difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant•**'s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true•** people have to take part-time jobs** have to change their jobs from time to timeA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL7. By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means to say that ______.(PASSAGE THREE)•** should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of the technology•** achievements in technology will bring about inconceivable dramatic changes•** importance of high technology has been overlooked** science will play a leading role in the future information servicesA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?(PASSAGE THREE)•** and the Knowledge Society•** Industries in Modem Society•** and Implications of the New Era** Advancement of Information TechnologyA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL9. From the passage, we know that the writer ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)•** that scientists are about to achieve artificial intelligence •** whether scientists can achieve artificial intelligence•** not think that scientists have found real artificial intelligence** sure that scientists have achieve artificial intelligenceA AB BC CD DSSS_SINGLE_SEL** can beat any chess player in the world.•** can never be used to forecast weather.•** can be trained to understand some words spoken by a speaker. ** can be made to think as a teenager does.A AB BC CD DSSS_FILL11. SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.What does a public "scribe" (Para. 2, Line 1) mean?(PASSAGE ONE)SSS_FILL12. According to the author, what does it indicate if your letteris thrown into some "letter-to-be-read" file?(PASSAGE ONE)SSS_FILL13. Why hasn't the effect of smoking on women been paid enough attention to?(PASSAGE TWO)SSS_FILL14. According to the passage, whom will the future probably belong to?(PASSAGE THREE)SSS_FILLPART Ⅳ WRITING1. Read carefully the following excerpt on parents' highly interestin sharing their children's photos online, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:● summarize the main mes sage of the excerpt, and then● give **ment on sharenting.You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Sharenting? Be CautiousAs social media adoption rates continue to increase around the world, many young parents are keen on posting photos of their children—sometimes on a daily basis—on social networking platforms. In fact, parents sharing cute faces of their children to relatives and friends online even have its own word: "sharenting."However, oversharing can be dangerous. Recently, the police suggested parents stop sharing photos of their kids online, in order to protect their children's privacy and avoid child-related crimes. One of the dangers is that abductors or kidnappers may track a kid from a picture's background, which may threaten the child's safety. Another is that kids' photos will be stolen and sold to intermediary agencies **mercial purposes."On Weibo, there are some unscrupulous businessmen putting stolen photos on forged search notices for ill-gotten gains," said Zhao, a lawyer with the Beijing Juvenile Legal Aid and Research Center. Even worse, faces, heads or other body parts in the photos might be photo-shopped onto pornography and spread on illegal websites.Some netizens believe, however, that it is unnecessary to refrain from posting pictures of children altogether. That's "because no one should feel restricted from participating in what is now a**mon way of life," she said, adding, "Social media is meant to be a portrayal of one's life."SSS_TEXT_QUSTI1。

2014年4月英语专业四级真题完形填空及答案解析PART III CLOZE [15 MIN] Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became (31)__ important. Although division of labour had been(32)______ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776,(33)______ could now become fully realised. This specialisation of labour was in (34)______contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)______ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialisation. (36)______ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)______ and changed working life forever. (38)______ were the days when work was (39)______ by natural forces: steam engines were servant(40)______ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (41)______ . The clocking-on machine was (42)______ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only (43)______ twenty years later. (44)______ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)______ and predictable income, but long hours.Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)______ was reorganised to promote ever greater efficiency. The old (47)______ of St. Monday - when no work was done – was gradually phased out and to (48)______ , work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (49)______ Monday morning. Anew division between "work" and "leisure" emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)______ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes.31. A. surprisingly B. increasingly C. slowly D. obviously32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived33. A. it B. he C. these D. those34. A. clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm35. A. that B. what C. where D. which36. A. Upon B. Over C. With D. For37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed39. A. defined B. dictated C. limited D. controlled40. A. over B. on C. by D. to41. A. controlled B. standard C. difficult D. dreadful42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought43. A. certain B. some C. these D. those44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice47. A. culture B. behavior C. custom D. habit48. A. repair B. compensate C. mend D. moderate49. A. before B. after C. on D. until50. A. rise B. increase C. trend D. presence答案：31.A.increasingly 。