supply assignment

1．Topic：Global Business Situation and Opportunity Analysis2．Essay or Report格式：3．Outline（请说说您的想法和要求，以免写出来不是您想要的内容）：An opportunity analysis is used to leverage the marketing strategy and action plan. It is the first part of any marketing plan. The market opportunity identified through this situation and opportunity analysis will become the stated objective of the Global Marketing Plan (Assessment no. 4).Instructions:Choose a business that you find interesting and narrow it to one product or product line. Conduct an analysis of the current internal and external situation of the product/ product line.Internal should include:▪ A brief summary of the company structure and its overall capabilities and resources▪ Current products/ product line▪ Current market/s, including customer behaviour issues, demand and trends, plus sales information (if available)▪ Distribution and SupplyExternal should include:▪ Competitive environment- a global perspective but stay on the product offering▪ Industry situation in particular global markets▪ Consider the economic, technological, political, socio-cultural and natural imperativesConduct a SWOT analysis. Synthesize and summarize the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats associated with the product/ product lineCarefully evaluate the strategic fit of the market opportunity to the company’s capabilitiesSelect one market opportunity that you believe is worth pursuing and justify. This is the stated objective of Global Marketing Strategy Plan (Assessment no. 4)ConclusionAssessment Criteria Marketing PlanWeighting (%)(Part 1)Executive Summary 3%Introduction 5%15%Company Structure, Capabilities, andResources20%Competitive Environment and IndustrySituationProducts/ Markets/ Distribution and20%SupplySWOT analysis 30%Conclusion 2%Report Format 5%Total 100%5．字数，Due day：15006．科目，Bachelor or Master：这个科目叫做:Global Marketing Strategy and Planning我的专业是master of international business7．Reference年份，APA or Harvard（特殊Reference请您给出格式示范）：大于等于13个!!格式严格按照6th apa8. 得分要点（如果您知道重点写什么可以多得分请告诉我们）：这个老师特别注意要用到老师课件里的理论.同时特别要求reference,所以请务必把借鉴的reference处理得当! 切记切记而且务必按照老师给的框架结构写! 如果有任何问题请及时发给我!!不要拖到最后才告知我,会来不及的!。

物流英语名词解释(总5页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--1.purchasing 采购Purchasing refers to a function in business where by the enterprise obtains the inputs for what it produces, as well as other goods and services it requires.2.efficiency 效率，功效Efficiency refers to the state or quality of being efficient.3.bonded warehouse 保税仓库A bonded warehouse is a warehouse in which goods are stored without excise or customs duties being paid until and unless they are removed from the warehouse to enter the country.4.customer service 客户服务Customer service is the set of behaviors that a business undertakes during its interaction with its customers.5.consistency 一致性Consistency refers to a firm’s ability to perform at the expected delivery time over a large number of performance cycles.6.convenience products 便利型产品Convenience products are those goods and services that customers purchase frequently, immediately, and with little comparative shopping.7.zero inventory 零库存Zero inventories is a term used to describe a Just -In –Time Inventory Control system where emphasis is placed on reducing inventory to minimal levels to reduce costs and promote organizational effectiveness. This can result in sizable profit increase.8.variable costs 可变成本They are those costs that change in a predictable, direct manner in relation to some level of activity during a time period.9.obsolescence 损耗Obsolescence means the deterioration of product in storage which is not covered by insurance. 10.lot quantity formulation 批量公式Lot quantity formulations identify the precise quantities at which the annual combined total cost of ordering and maintenance is lowest for a given sales volume.11.consumer packaging 消费性包装Consumer packaging mainly aims at containing the goods, promoting the sale of it and facilitating use of it and it is of little value to logistics operation.12.franchise 专营权It is the formal permission to sell a company’s goods or services in a particular area.13.supply chain management 供应链管理Supply chain management is managing the flow of materials across the supply chain, from preparing the raw materials to supplying the finished product to the customer, as well as the related counterblow of information, regarding controlling and recording of materials movement.14.First Mate 大副An officer who has the rank just below captain on a ship that is not a military ship.15.Bill of Lading 提单A receipt given by the carrier to the shipper acknowledging receipt of the goods being shipped and specifying the terms of delivery.16.supply chain management 供应链管理Supply chain management is the process that integrates coordinates and controls the movements of materials, finished inventory and related information from suppliers through companies to meet consumer requirements.17.Third-Party Logistics 第三方物流A third party logistics provider (abbreviated TPL) is a firm that provides outsourced or “third party”logistics services to companies for part or cometimes all of their supply chain management function.18.unitization 单元化to combine a number of packages into one unit by straping, banding ,shrinking, wrapping or otherwise attaching them together.19.logistics 物流Logistics is that part of supply chain process that plans, implements and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, service and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet ustomers’ requirements.20.Third-Party Logistics provider 第三方物流供应商TPL provider is the company offering customs a beginning -to- end include supply chaina manangement, including contracted logistics, freignt forwarding, warehousing, transportation and distribution, a wide ragne of information technology systems and other value-services and customized solutions.21.shopping products 购买型产品Shopping products are those for which consumers are willing to seek and compare: comparing in many locations, the price, quality, and performance, and making a purchase only after careful deliberation.22.logistics 物流Logistics is a part of the supply chain process that plans, implements and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, service and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet customers’ requirements.23.supply chain management 供应链管理Supply chain management means the process that integrates co-ordinates and controls the movement of materials, finished inventory and related information from suppliers through companies to meet consumer requirements.24.obsolescence 损耗Obsolescence means the deterioration of product in storage which is not covered by insurance. 25.availability 可用性Availability is the capacity to have inventory when it is desired by a customer.26.convenience products 便利型产品Convenience products are those goods and services that consumers purchase frequently, immediately, and with little comparative shopping.27.consistency 一致性Consistency refers to a firm’s ability to perform at the expected delivery time over a large number of performance cycles.28.variable costs 可变成本Variable costs are those costs that change in a predictable, direct manner in relation to some level of activity during a time period.29.specialty products 特殊产品Specialty products are those for which buyers are willing to expend a substantial effort and often to wait a significant amount of time in order to acquire them.30.external supply chains 外部供应链External supply chains are the processes where internal supply chains can be extended to the total network where an organization finds itself in.31.customer service 客户服务Customer service is a process of providing significant value-added benefits to the supply chain in a cost-effective way.32.operational flexibility 业务灵活性Operational flexibility refers to a firm’s ability to handle extraordinary customer service requests.33.demand forecasting 需求预测Demand forecasting addresses the need for accurate information on future customer needs so that the logistics system can ensure the right products and services are available to meet those requirements.34.inventory 库存Inventory is a detailed list of all the items in stock, such as a company’s merchandise, raw materials, and finished and unfinished products which have not yet been sold.35.strategic planning 战略规划Strategic planning is planning which focuses on longer range objectives and goals. It is essentially direction-setting and often focuses on new products and new markets.36.supply chain 供应链Supply chain is defined as a network composed of factories, suppliers, retailers, etc. that supply to each other raw material, components, products and service.37.Bill of Lading 提单Bill of lading is a receipt for goods shipped; stating the terms of the contract of carriage, which it may do in part by words incorporating clauses from a charter party.38.shipping agent 货运代理Shipping agent: a ship owner’s representative whose job is to find cargoes for the ships to carry.39.documentation 文件、文档资料Documentation: the documents involved in import/export, such as invoices, insurance policies or insurance certificates, bill of lading, drafts, etc.40.insurance policy 保险政策Insurance policy: a written document between an insured person and an insurance company specifying the exact losses to be covered and the costs to the insured person.41.Mate’s Receipt 大副收据Mate’s Receipt, in cases where given, is an intermediate document to be given up by the shipper in exchange for Bill of Lading.42.JIT 准时制The ideal is to have needed materials arrive just at the moment they are scheduled to be used in the production process, in other words, just in time.43.Tariff 关税Duty or tax levied on a specific commodity when it crosses national boundaries.44.warehousing 仓储Warehousing is sometime needed, and can be provided, to complement inbound and outbound transportation services.45.packaging 包装Packaging is the outer wrapping of a product.46.transport 运输Transport is the movement of people, goods, signals and information from one place to another.47.Letter of Credit 信用证Letter of Credit is a letter from a bank to a foreign bank authorizing the payment of a specified sum to the person or company named.48.Customs Clearance 海关清关,报关Customs clearance refers to the document given by customs to a shipper to show that customs duty has been paid and the goods can be shipped.49.procurement 采购Procurement is concerned with purchasing and arranging inbound movement of materials, parts and finished inventory from suppliers to manufacturing of assembly plants, warehouses or retail stores.。

物流专业单词1．物品article2．物流logistics3．物流活动logistics activity4．物流作业logistics operation5．物流模数logistics modulus6．物流技术logistics technology 7．物流成本logistics cost8．物流管理logistics management 9．物流中心logistics center10．物流网络logistics network 11．物流信息logistics information 12．物流企业logistics enterprise 13．物流单证logistics documents 14．物流联盟logistics alliance 15．供应物流supply logistics16．生产物流production logistics 17．销售物流distribution logistics 18．回收物流returned logistics 19．废弃物物流waste material logistics 20．绿色物流environmental logistics 21．企业物流internal logistics 22．社会物流external logistics 23．军事物流military logistics24．国际物流international logistics25．第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL)26．定制物流customized logistics27．虚拟物流virtual logistics28．增值物流服务value-added logistics service 29．供应链supply chain30．条码bar code31．电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI) 32．有形消耗tangible loss33．无形消耗intangible loss 奖罚物流作业术语1．运输transportation2．联合运输combined transport3．直达运输through transport4．中转运输transfer transport5．甩挂运输drop and pull transport6．集装运输containerized transport7．集装箱运输container transport8．门到门door-to-door9．整箱货full container load (FCL)10．拼箱货less than container load (LCL11．储存storing12．保管storage13．物品储存article reserves14．库存inventory15．经常库存cycle stock16．安全库存safety stick17．库存周期inventory cycle time 18．前置期（或提前期）lead time 19．订货处理周期order cycle time 20．货垛goods stack21．堆码stacking22．搬运handing/carrying23．装卸loading and unloading24．单元装卸unit loading and unloading 25．包装package/packaging26．销售包装sales package27．定牌包装packing of nominated brand 28．中性包装neutral packing29．运输包装transport package30．托盘包装palletizing31．集装化containerization32．散装化containerization33．直接换装cross docking34．配送distribution35．共同配送joint distribution36．配送中心distribution center37．分拣sorting38．拣选order picking39．集货goods collection40．组配assembly41．流通加工distribution processing42．冷链cold chain43．检验inspection 奖罚物流技术装备及设施术语1．仓库warehouse2．库房storehouse3．自动化仓库automatic warehouse 4．4立体仓库stereoscopic warehouse5．虚拟仓库virtual warehouse6．保税仓库boned warehouse7．出口监管仓库export supervised warehouse8．海关监管货物cargo un der customer’s supervision 9．冷藏区chill space10．冷冻区freeze space11．控湿储存区humidity controlled space12．温度可控区temperature controlled space 13．收货区receiving space14．发货区shipping space15．料棚goods shed16．货场goods yard17．货架goods shelf18．托盘pallet19．*车fork lift truck20．输送机conveyor21．自动导引车automatic guided vehicle (AGV)22．箱式车box car23．集装箱container24．换算箱twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU)25．特种货物集装箱specific cargo container26．全集装箱船full container ship27．铁路集装箱场railway container yard28．公路集装箱中转站inland container depot29．集装箱货运站container freight station (CFS)30．集装箱码头container terminal31．国际铁路联运international through railway transport32．国际多式联运international multimodal transport33．大陆桥运输land bridge transport34．班轮运输liner transport35．租船运输shipping by chartering36．船务代理shipping agency37．国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent38．理货tally39．国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance 40．报关customs declaration41．报关行customs broker42．进出口商品检验commodity inspection 奖罚物流管理术语1．物流战略logistics strategy2．物流战略管理logistics strategy management3．仓库管理warehouse management4．仓库布局warehouse layout5．库存控制inventory control6．经济订货批量economic order quantity (EOQ)7．定量订货方式fixed-quantity system (FQS)8．定期订货方式fixed-quantity system (FIS)9．ABC分类管理ABC classification10．电子订货系统Electronic order system (EOS)11．准时制just in time (JIT)12．准时制物流just-in-time logistics13．零库存技术zero-inventory logistics14．物流成本管理logistics cost control15．物料需要计划material requirements planning (MRP)16．制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) 17．配送需要计划distribution requirements planning (DRP) 18．配送资源计划distribution resource planning (DRP II) 19．物流资源计划logistics resource planning (LRP)20．企业资源计划enterprise resource planning (ERP)21．供应链管理supply chain management (SCM)22．快速反映Quick response (QR)23．有效客户反映efficient customer response(ECR)24．连续库存补充计划continuous replenishment program (CRP)25．计算机付诸订货系统computer assisted ordering (CAO) 26．供应商管理库存vendor managed inventory (VMI)27．业务外包outsourcing物流中级英语（共145个）基本概念术语1．物品article 2．物流logistics 3．物流活动logistics activity 4．物流作业logistics operation 5．物流模数logistics modulus 6．物流技术logistics technology 7．物流成本logistics cost 8．物流管理logistics management 9．物流中心logistics center 10．物流网络logistics network 11．物流信息logistics information 12．物流企业logistics enterprise 13．物流单证logistics documents 14．物流联盟logistics alliance 15．供应物流supply logistics 16．生产物流production logistics 17．销售物流distribution logistics 18．回收物流returned logistics 19．废弃物物流waste material logistics 20．绿色物流environmental logistics 21．企业物流internal logistics 22．社会物流external logistics 23．军事物流military logistics 24．国际物流international logistics 25．第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL) 26．定制物流customized logistics 27．虚拟物流virtual logistics 28．增值物流服务value-added logistics service 29．供应链supply chain 30．条码bar code 31．电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI) 32．有形消耗tangible loss 33．无形消耗intangible loss 奖罚物流作业术语1．运输transportation 2．联合运输combined transport 3．直达运输through transport 4．中转运输transfer transport 5．甩挂运输drop and pull transport 6．集装运输containerized transport 7．集装箱运输container transport 8．门到门door-to-door 9．整箱货full container load (FCL) 10．拼箱货less than container load (LCL 11．储存storing 12．保管storage 13．物品储存article reserves 14．库存inventory 15．经常库存cycle stock 16．安全库存safety stick17．库存周期inventory cycle time 18．前置期（或提前期）lead time 19．订货处理周期order cycle time 20．货垛goods stack 21．堆码stacking 22．搬运handing/carrying 23．装卸loading and unloading 24．单元装卸unit loading and unloading 25．包装package/packaging 26．销售包装sales package 27．定牌包装packing of nominated brand 28．中性包装neutral packing 29．运输包装transport package 30．托盘包装palletizing 31．集装化containerization 32．散装化containerization 33．直接换装cross docking 34．配送distribution 35．共同配送joint distribution 36．配送中心distribution center 37．分拣sorting 38．拣选order picking 39．集货goods collection 40．组配assembly 41．流通加工distribution processing 42．冷链cold chain 43．检验inspection 奖罚物流技术装备及设施术语1．仓库warehouse 2．库房storehouse 3．自动化仓库automatic warehouse 4．4立体仓库stereoscopic warehouse 5．虚拟仓库virtual warehouse 6．保税仓库boned warehouse 7．出口监管仓库export supervised warehouse 8．海关监管货物cargo under customer’s supervision 9．冷藏区chill space 10．冷冻区freeze space 11．控湿储存区humidity controlled space 12．温度可控区temperature controlled space 13．收货区receiving space 14．发货区shipping space 15．料棚goods shed 16．货场goods yard 17．货架goods shelf 18．托盘pallet 19．叉车fork lift truck 20．输送机conveyor 21．自动导引车automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 22．箱式车box car 23．集装箱container 24．换算箱twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU) 25．特种货物集装箱specific cargo container 26．全集装箱船full container ship 27．铁路集装箱场railway container yard 28．公路集装箱中转站inland container depot 29．集装箱货运站container freight station (CFS) 30．集装箱码头container terminal 31．国际铁路联运international through railway transport 32．国际多式联运international multimodal transport 33．大陆桥运输land bridge transport 34．班轮运输liner transport 35．租船运输shipping by chartering 36．船务代理shipping agency 37．国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent 38．理货tally 39．国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance 40．报关customs declaration 41．报关行customs broker42．进出口商品检验commodity inspection 奖罚物流管理术语1．物流战略logistics strategy 2．物流战略管理logistics strategy management 3．仓库管理warehouse management 4．仓库布局warehouse layout 5．库存控制inventory control 6．经济订货批量economic order quantity (EOQ) 7．定量订货方式fixed-quantity system (FQS) 8．定期订货方式fixed-quantity system (FIS) 9．ABC分类管理ABC classification 10．电子订货系统Electronic order system (EOS) 11．准时制just in time (JIT) 12．准时制物流just-in-time logistics 13．零库存技术zero-inventory logistics 14．物流成本管理logistics cost control 15．物料需要计划material requirements planning (MRP) 16．制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) 17．配送需要计划distribution requirements planning (DRP) 18．配送资源计划distribution resource planning (DRP II) 19．物流资源计划logistics resource planning (LRP) 20．企业资源计划enterprise resource planning (ERP) 21．供应链管理supply chain management (SCM) 22．快速反映Quick response (QR) 23．有效客户反映efficient customer response(ECR) 24．连续库存补充计划continuous replenishment program (CRP) 25．计算机付诸订货系统computer assisted ordering (CAO) 26．供应商管理库存vendor managed inventory (VMI) 27．业务外包outsourcingAabc classificiation abc分类法.A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书Accomplish a Bill of Lading (to) 付单提货acquisition cost ordering cost 定货费Act of God 天灾activity cost pool 作业成本集activity-based costing 作业基准成本法Actual Displacement 实际排水量Ad valorem freight 从价运费Addendum (to a charter party) ( 租船合同)附件Additional for Alteration of Destination 变更卸货港附加费Additional for Optional Destination 选卸港附加费Address commission (Addcomm) 回扣佣金Adjustment 海损理算Advanced B/L 预借提单advanced shipping notice (asn) 预先发货通知A fixed day sailing 定日航班A fortnight sailing 双周班A Friday（Tuesday / Thursday）sailing 周五班agile manufacturing 敏捷制造Air Express 航空快递airline operator/freight forwarder 不营运船舶的多式联运经营人Air Waybill 航空运单Alliance 联盟All in rate 总运费率All purposes (A.P) 全部装卸时间All time saved (a.t.s) 节省的全部时间allocation―――中转？Always afloat 始终保持浮泊American Bureau of Shipping (A.B.S.) 美国船级社A monthly sailing 每月班AMT (Advanced Manufacturing Technology) 先进制造技术Anchorage 锚地Anchorage dues 锚泊费Annual survey 年度检验anticipation inventory 预期储备Anti-dated B/L 倒签提单APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society,Inc.) 美国生产与库存管理系统Applied Manufacturing Education Series 实用制造管理系列培训教材Apron 码头前沿Arbitration award 仲裁裁决Arbitrator 仲裁员Area differential 地区差价Arrest a ship 扣押船舶AS/RS (automated storage/retrieval system) 自动化仓储系统assemble-to-order 定货组装assembly 组配Article reserves物品储备ATP (available to promise) 可供销售量automatic replenishment (ar) 自动补货系统automatic warehouse 自动化仓库Automatic guided vehicle （AGV）自动导引车automated high-rise warehouse 自动立体仓库Average adjuster 海损理算师Average bond 海损分摊担保书Average guarantee 海损担保书A weekly sailing 周班axle housing桥壳Axle load 轴负荷Bbackflushing 反冲法Backfreight 回程运费back-hauls―――回程空载Back (return) load 回程货backlog 拖欠定单back order 脱期定单, 延期交货成本（back order costs）。

Unit 1inquiry询盘offer发盘counter-offer还盘acceptance受盘commercial invoice商业发票commission佣金, 回扣discount贴现abandon放弃abate减价，减税abide遵守abide by the contract遵守合同abstract摘要firm offer实盘account 账目material alteration实质性修改sales contract/confirmation销售确认书specifications规格accountant会计师consignment托运货物force majeure不可抗力shipping documents装运货单consignee收货人，货运人accumulate累计accumulated interst累计利息commercial inspection商品检验export licence出口证明insurance policy保险单forwarder货代（货运代理）acknowledge承认travel agency旅行社expiry date过期日transshipment转运beneficiary受益人balance平衡，差额balance of trade贸易差额bankrupt破产的on behalf of 代表beneficiary受益人bill账单，汇票draft / bill of exchange汇票drawer of a draft汇票开票人drawee of a draft汇票受票人acceptance of a draft接受报价confirming bank保兑银行sale on open account赊销default payment支付违约cash flow现金流Unit 2-3marketing市场营销nonprofit organization非盈利团体consumer research消费者调查stimulation激励facilitation便利publics' demand公众需求after-sale service售后服务surplus items剩余产品mass production批量生产specialization专门化，分工production era of marketing工业化的开始，供不应求production capabilities生产力board/board of directors董事会bond债券 公债intense competition激烈竞争brand name品牌名称brochure小册子critical factor关键因素social and economic justification社会经济调整calling card名片campaign运动，活动marketing environment营销环境controllable factors可控因素uncontrollable factors不可控因素top management高级管理层quantity discounts批量折扣overall objectives总体目标inventory management库存管理corporate culture企业文化time orientation时间定向level of innovation创新水平*promotions from within内部提拔target market目标市场marketing organiztion市场营销组织brand loyalty品牌忠诚度marketing mix营销组合differential advantage差别优势market segments市场细分functional功能性product-oriented产品导向product offerings产品样品*price structure价格结构promotional activities促销活动distribution system分配制度candidate候选人independent media独立媒体consumer characteristics消费者特征occupation职业competition竞争monopoly垄断capacity能力，容量monopolistic competition垄断竞争pure competition完全竞争consumerism消费主义nationalism民族主义inflation通货膨胀interest rates利率carriage运输，运费carrier承运人self service自助服务cash basis现金交易convenience store便利店cash disount现金折扣finalconsumer终端消费者organizational consumer团体消费者household use家用for resale用于再销售target marketing目标行销price catalogue价格目录total market市场总量segmentation细分ceiling price最高价格chain store连锁店classified1，分类的 2 保密的commerce商业commercial 商业的age distribution年龄分布compensate v compensation n补偿after-tax income税后收入correspondence信函 通信working women职业女性customize v定做customs n海关two-earner families双职工家庭personal income个人收入purchasing power购买力real income实际收入nonessentials非必需品luxury goods 奢侈品CV简历deficit赤字supply and demand供求earnings工资，利润product attributes 产品属性per-unit profit 单位时间利润specialized markets 专业化市场demand clusters 需求群体market positioning 市场定位develop a marketing budget 制定营销预算allocate marketing resources 分配营销资源sales forecast 销售预测trend analysis 趋势分析enclosure附件end user终端用户extension延长 延期facilitate使便利，简化statistical analysis 统计分析market penetration 市场渗透diversification 多元化flexitime弹性工作时间idle空闲 闲置incentive刺激 鼓励air fare 航空费用price conscious 价格敏感性install安装installment分期付款invoice发票maintain保养 维护maintenance保养 维护discount stores折扣店price sensitivity价格敏感性horizontal price fixing横向价格固定vertical price fixing纵向价格固定brand image品牌形象rebates折扣coupons优惠券guarantees抵押品delivery送货cost justified成本合理maritime adj海事的，海运的maritime law海商法market share市场份额non-sale items非买品merge合并 兼并net纯的，净的net profit纯利润objective目标public utilities公共设施office appliance办公用品official approval官方批准optional可选择的outstanding未偿还的overdraw透支cost-oriented pricing 成本导向定价法 overtime(OT)额外时间，加班时间parent company母公司return on investment投资回报subsidy company子公司fixed cost固定成本variable cost可变成本total revenue总收入patent专利patent office专利局prestige pricing声望定价peak高峰，最大量pension养老金 退休金per每per capita人均cash discounts现金折扣price list价目表perk公司福利permit许可证，执照driving permit驾照personal income tax个人所得税personnel人员，雇员strategic planning战略规划PR(public relations)公关position/vacancy职位managerial objectives管理目标resources allocation资源分配revenue and expense budgets收入和支出预算task force任务小组prompt迅速的，及时的property财产，所有权property assets房地产，不动产marketing control营销控制profit oriented利润导向proportion比例sales volume销售额sales share销售份额prospect前景prospective有希望的customer type客户类型product category产品类别proxy代理accounting information会计信息marketing audit营销审计past performance以往业绩marketing resources营销资源publicity宣传，广告quality质量quantity 数量financial statements财务报表GDP国内生产总值gross domestic product GNP国民生产总值gross national product BOP国际收支平衡表balance of payments citizen公民resident居民questionnaire调查问卷current account经常项目capital account资本项目exchange rate汇率real estate房地产，不动产deficit赤字dividents分红management fees管理费用interest payments利息支付royalties版税merchandise trade商品贸易recruit招聘investment income投资收入redundant adj多余的，冗余的redundancy payment解雇费reference参考，查阅，推荐书payments surplus（国际）收支盈余imbalances余额reimburse报销remit汇款，汇寄remittance汇款，汇寄renewal续约，续保monopoly group垄断集团paper currency circulation纸币流通devaluation贬值R&D(Research and development)研究开发revaluation重估economic depression经济衰退monetary value货币价值retire退休financial markets金融市场international capital flow国际资本流动financial assets金融资产revenue收入，税收economic and financial transactions经济金融交易assets资产liabilities负债double-entry bookkeeping principle复式记账原则credit and debit信贷和借记credit entries贷方账目debit entries借方账目inflow of foreign exchange外汇流入loss of foreign exchange外汇损失unreported transactions未报告的交易inconsistencies in reporting报告不一致errors and ommissions错漏statistical discrepency统计误差the value of trade贸易值sack解雇费to be given the sack被解雇transportation services运输服务hotel accommodations酒店住宿salutation问候，称呼intangible items无形项目foreign securities外国证券equity interests股本息FDI外商直接投资savings储蓄，存款foreign loans国外贷款after sales servcie售后服务stocks股票bonds债券maturity of more than one year到期超过一年sick leave病假sick note病假条sick pay病假工资foreign currencies 外汇skilled worker熟练工subsifize补贴，津贴subsidy 补贴金surplus盈余take-over接管，收购tariff关税adjustment of foreign exchange rate调整外汇率direct control of exchange rate直接控制汇率value added tax增值税trade union工会trade balance贸易平衡trade surplus贸易盈余trade deficit贸易赤字trade mark(TM)商标appreciation and depreciation of a curren货币升值和贬值turnover周转率structural imbalance结构性失衡staff turnover雇员流动率upgrade更新 改善validate使有效，证书venue场地 场所visa签证logistics物流supply chain management供应链管理physical distribution物流（狭义）integration整合vocation职业manufacturing制造业final consumer最终消费者point of consumption消费点information flow信息流material flow物料流professional literature专业文献documentation flow文件流通*returns利润inventory management存货管理order handling订单处理warehouse site selection仓库选址welfare福利distribution center配送中心DC配送中心wholesale批发retail零售withdraw提取，取款finished goods制成品component parts零部件working conditions工作条件economic value or utility经济价值或经济效用common carrier普通承运人contract carrier合同承运人company-owned equipment公司所有设备warehousing仓储fringe benefit福建福利inventory capital costs库存资本成本freight transportation货运运输regional warehouses地方库存packing methods and materials包装方式和材料mode of transportation运输方式location of inventory存货地点total cost of performing physical distribution实物配送总成本cost and service control成本和服务水平的控制functional units功能单位traffic manager货运经理divided responsibility分工负责cost reduction削减成本delegated functions委托职能large quantity shipments by truckloads大批量整车出运suboptimization局部优化inventory accumulation库存累积coordinate and integrate the resposibility整合与协调责任on the part of top management就高管理层而言ready availability of inventory可分配存货量maximum service尽量满足顾客需求unreasonable cost不合理成本in light of competition按照市场竞争情况的考虑incur excessive costs支付额外费用inventory depreciation存货贬值inventory location存货地点comparable levels of service可比的服务级别maintenance of regional warehouses维护地区仓库time lag时间差order origination订单发出merchandise delivery商品运输operations research运筹研究systems concept系统思想model concept建模思想experimentation试验田preliminary testing of alternatives可选择的初步试验electronic data电子数据information flow time信息流动时间material flow time实物流动时间recent developments最新发展impending improvements迫近的提高airfreight industry空运行业mass acceptance广泛接受routine mover of freight日常运输工具premium means of transportation最适合运输方式passenger operations乘客运作top priority优先考虑的对象incidental顺带的小事deterrents妨碍物conceive of physical distribution as an integrated wholeairfreight rates空运运价time and place utility of products产品时间地点效用automatic ordering自动排序inventory replenishment库存补货competitive advantage竞争优势organizational changes组织革新optimization of the integrated whole优化整合alternative mixes of cost elements成本因素组合选择replenishment time补货时间communications通讯lead time前置期（指从订购到供应商交货所间隔的时containers容器，集装箱，货柜piggyback service公铁联运back haul回程wholesale批发retail零售hardware stores五金商店department stores百货商店discount stores 折扣店food stores 食品店channel jumping 渠道跳跃scrambled merchandising 跨行业销售raw material and finished inventory replenishment 原材料与制成品库存补给sheer magnitude of expenditure 支出庞大untapped opportunities 未开发的机会interdepartmental control 部门之间的控制beyond legal boundaries of individual firms 公司的法律责任范围specialized enterpries 专业公司expensive duplication昂贵的重复建设loosely aligned对应不准确、松散的elimination of middlemen取消中间商intermediaries中间商disintermediation非中介化cost centers成本中心flow of transaction-creating efforts促成交易流flow of physical fulfillment efforts实物配送流physical exchange实物流通exchange intermediaries流通中介marketing specialists营销专家physical distribution specialists配送专家factory branch office办事处economic justification经济上划算limit stocks to display models尽量减少库存，只留样品direct shipment from distributor's厂家直运mail-order industry邮购业务minimization of exchange expenses交易费用最小化channel fuctions渠道功能assorting of finished goods成品分类one-way movement单向流动be subject to scrutiny受到仔细审查adjustment整货transfer收发storage存储handling搬运communications通讯concentration集中sorting分类dispersement分散custom offerings客户要求margin for error错误余地carriage risks承运风险temporal and spatial value即时空间价值in anticipation of future transaction对未来交易的估计depreciative factor折旧因素buyer's market买方市场idle inventory闲置的存货inventory risk存货风险container and unitized loads单位化装货stimulus信号源，刺激response反应feedback反馈monitor progress监督进度disproportionate spread of risk不成比例分布的风险vested interest既得利益persuasion or coercion关系友好或胁迫innovative specialization专业创新risk spreading风险分布super-organization management超企管理individual profit orientation个人利益取向motivation of conflict and cooperation冲突与合作的动机mimimum transfer存货转移最小化* maximim postponement in adjustment产品调整最大化推迟* minimum massed reserves集中储备最小化holding of homogeneous concentrated lots持有同质部件ability to adjust custom assortments调整顾客需求的能力remolding established assortments重分类*ancillary costs附加成本inventory support存货补充*central supply中心供应*erratic demand不稳定需求channel-wide considerations全渠道考虑differentiation of goods产品区分postpone change in form, identity and inventory locationproduce to order按订单生产speculation principle推测原则large-scale economies规模经济stock-out断货Unit 9HR人力资源human resources management人力资源管理labor markets劳动力市场upholstery operation汽车装潢R&D facility研发中心international mobility国际流动shortage of needed skills所需技术短缺management styles管理方式strain relations between headquarters and subsidiary personneltransfer practices调动national orientations民族主义倾向global interests全球利益distance and diversity距离与文化差异managerial transfer管理人事调动locals本地人nationals本国人expatriates外国人headquartered country总部国家home-country母国acute shortage急缺qualified candidates合格人选moving expenses迁移费settling-in expenses安置费storage expenses储藏费用legal impediments法律障碍licensing requirements许可要求immigration restrictions入境移民限制foreign assignment海外作业technical competence技术能力technical necessities技术要领foreign variations国外的变化*criteria标准adaptiveness适应性self-maintanance自保stress reduction减压host nationals东道主cognitive skills认知能力direct of transfer costs直接调动费用costs of lost performance业绩下降的损* disruption of current way of living现有生活方式的打乱personal support system个人支持系统fixed duration固定时间short-term decisions短期决策longer-term implications长期影响negative stereotypes负面形象management recruitment and selection高管的聘请和选拔capable nationals有能力的国民new hires新员工centralized personnel record system集中的人事记录系统demographic data人口统计数据company-administered tests公司组织的测试domestic transfers国内调任previous international experience以往的国际工作经验extensive interviews多方位面试management of the home国内管理*marital stress婚姻关系紧张rigorous procedure严格的程序acquisitions收购staffing arrangement人事安排primary allegiance to …首先效忠于plan manpower needs计划人力需求as reference作为参考labor-saving devices节省劳力的设备labor intensive劳动密集型appropriate technology合适的技术capital intensive资金密集型obsolete equipment过时的设备，陈旧的设备factor endowment要素禀赋cost efficient成本效益engineering bias工程倾向output per persion人均产出critical unemployment problems严重失业问题shortage of workers劳工短缺remittances home侨汇value of exports出口创汇expell foreigners驱逐外国人job opportunities就业机会homogeneous culture单一文化mobilize capital, technology and management调动资金、技术和管理migrant workers迁移性工人previously unoccupied areas聊无人烟的地区remote parts of the globe全球偏远地区housing住房infrastructure基础建设social services社会公益服务influx of temporaries临时工的涌入ethnic seperation perpetuated固化种族隔离comparative labor relations劳资关系比较sociopolitical environment社会政治环境collective bargaining劳资谈判marked class difference显著的阶级差异perceived involvement in a class struggle所谓的插手阶级斗争labor demands劳务需求adversary process对抗方式adversarial relationship对抗关系nonunion operations无工会运作vote in blocs集团内选举national legislation国家立法mediation仲裁impartial party第三方labor court劳资法庭government-chosen arbitrators官方仲裁者national unions国家总工会close company affiliation严密的公司附属机构protection from closures and redunduncy破产与裁员保护proposed layoffs计划性裁员shifts in production location生产布局的切换cessation of operations业务停止prenotification预先通知工人lifetime employment custom终身雇佣制parttime workers兼职工workers on the payroll正式员工codetermination劳资协同经营制度board of directors董事会veto power否决权minimum wage rates最低工资水平minimal effect最小影响divided workers分工strong stances强硬立场roduct ional product of payments送总成本成本和服务水平的控制整车出运整合与协调责任就高管理层而言可分配存货量尽量满足顾客需求不合理成本按照市场竞争情况的考虑支付额外费用可比的服务级别维护地区仓库可选择的初步试验信息流动时间实物流动时间迫近的提高日常运输工具最适合运输方式优先考虑的对象顺带的小事将物流配送视为一个整体*产品时间地点效用成本因素组合选择前置期（指从订购到供应商交货所间隔的时间)容器，集装箱，货柜（铁路平车运输）成品库存补给昂贵的重复建设对应不准确、松散的取消中间商促成交易流实物配送流经济上划算尽量减少库存，只留样品交易费用最小化受到仔细审查即时空间价值对未来交易的估计存货单位化装货信号源，刺激不成比例分布的风险关系友好或胁迫个人利益取向冲突与合作的动机存货转移最小化*产品调整最大化推迟*集中储备最小化持有同质部件调整顾客需求的能力存货补充*中心供应*不稳定需求全渠道考虑推迟改变存货形态、身份标识和地点*按订单生产人力资源管理劳动力市场所需技术短缺总部与子公司人事关系紧张民族主义倾向距离与文化差异管理人事调动民限制国外的变化*直接调动费用降的损失*活方式的打乱个人支持系统高管的聘请和选拔有能力的国民集中的人事记录系统人口统计数据公司组织的测试以往的国际工作经验多方位面试理*系紧张严格的程序首先效忠于计划人力需求节省劳力的设备劳动密集型合适的技术资金密集型过时的设备，陈旧的设备业问题驱逐外国人调动资金、技术和管理迁移性工人聊无人烟的地区全球偏远地区社会公益服务临时工的涌入固化种族隔离劳资关系比较社会政治环境显著的阶级差异所谓的插手阶级斗争无工会运作集团内选举官方仲裁者国家总工会严密的公司附属机构破产与裁员保护计划性裁员生产布局的切换预先通知工人终身雇佣制劳资协同经营制度最低工资水平。

常用贸易英语中英翻译阅读：时间： 2006-5-29 1:04:20 编辑：珠三角1. 询盘的提出我们已向该公司提出询价(询盘)。

We addressed our inquiry to the firm.对该公司的询价信, 我们已经回复。

We answered the inquiry received from the firm.我公司已收到, 该公司关于这类商品的询盘。

We have an inquiry for the goods received from thefirm.我们已邀请客户对该商品提出询价。

We invited inquiries for the goods from the customers.敬请将贵公司的进口商品目录寄来为荷。

Will you please let us have a list of items that areimported by you.如能得到贵方特殊的询价, 则甚为感谢。

We shall be glad to have your specific inquiry.敬请惠寄报价单和样品可否? 请酌。

Would you care to send us some samples with thequotations.由于这一次订购是合同的组成部分, 请提供最好的条件。

Please put us on your best terms, as this order formspart of a contract.请告知以现金支付的优惠条款和折扣比例。

Please state your best terms and discount for cash.由于打折扣, 请告知最好的装货(船)条件。

Please put us on your very best shipping terms asregards discount.请告知该商品的价格和质量。

Please let us have information as to the price andquality of the goods.请对日本生产的合成纤维的制品, 如尼龙、维尼龙、莎纶等报最低价格。

76个供应链常用英文术语以下是一份包含76个供应链常用英文术语的列表，涵盖多个领域和流程：1. Activity-based costing (ABC) - 基于活动的成本计算2. SKU (Stock Keeping Unit) - 库存单位3. BPA (Blanket Purchase Agreement) - 大宗采购协议4. Purchase Order (PO) - 采购订单5. Standard Purchase Order (SPO) - 标准采购订单6. Material Requirements Planning (MRP) - 物料需求计划7. Net prices - 净价8. Quick Response (QR) - 快速响应9. Reverse Logistics - 逆向物流10. Supply Chain Integration - 供应链一体化11. Transit Stock - 在途库存12. Just-in-Time (JIT) - 准时制生产13. Demand Forecasting - 需求预测14. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) - 经济订货量15. Lead Time - 订购周期16. Bill of Materials (BOM) - 物料清单17. Inventory Management - 库存管理18. Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) - 供应商管理库存19. Distribution Center (DC) - 分销中心20. Transportation Management System (TMS) - 运输管理系统21. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) - 企业资源规划22. Third-Party Logistics (3PL) - 第三方物流23. Fourth-Party Logistics (4PL) - 第四方物流24. Finished Goods Inventory - 成品库存25. Work in Process (WIP) - 在制品26. Cycle Counting - 循环盘点27. Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) - 销售成本28. Freight Forwarder - 货运代理29. Incoterms - 国际贸易术语解释通则30. Dock Scheduling - 码头调度31. Drop Shipping - 直接配送32. Pick and Pack - 拣选包装33. Cross-Docking - 越库作业34. Sales & Operations Planning (S&OP) - 销售与运营计划35. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) - 客户关系管理36. Total Quality Management (TQM) - 全面质量管理37. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) - 供应商关系管理38. Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) - 商品退货授权39. Barcode / QR Code - 条形码/二维码40. Hazardous Materials (HazMat) Handling - 危险品处理41. Cold Chain - 冷链物流42. Lean Manufacturing - 精益生产43. Six Sigma - 六西格玛44. KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) - 关键绩效指标45. Port of Origin - 起运港46. Port of Destination - 目的港47. Customs Clearance - 海关清关48. Free On Board (FOB) - 船上交货49. Cost, Insurance, and Freight (CIF) - 成本、保险费加运费50. Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) - 完税后交货51. Ex Works (EXW) - 工厂交货价52. Inbound Logistics - 入库物流53. Outbound Logistics - 出库物流54. Order-to-Cash (OTC) - 订单到收款55. Procure-to-Pay (P2P) - 采购到付款56. Global Trade Management (GTM) - 全球贸易管理57. EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) - 电子数据交换58. Takt Time - 节拍时间59. Kanban - 看板管理60. FIFO (First In, First Out) - 先进先出61. LIFO (Last In, First Out) - 后进先出62. Safety Stock - 安全库存63. Lot Size - 批量大小64. Containerization - 集装箱化65. MRP II (Manufacturing Resource Planning) - 制造资源计划66. DRP (Distribution Resource Planning) - 分销资源计划67. Drop Trailer Program - 拖车卸货计划68. Consolidation - 集拼69. Deconsolidation - 拆箱分拨70. Value-Added Services (VAS) - 增值服务71. Trade Compliance - 贸易合规72. Shipment Tracking - 运输追踪73. Carrier Selection - 承运商选择74. Multi-modal Transport - 多式联运75. Green Supply Chain - 绿色供应链76. Blockchain Technology - 区块链技术（在供应链中的应用）请注意，这并非一个详尽无遗的列表，但涵盖了供应链管理中广泛使用的许多关键术语。

Chapter11.supply chain management 供应链管理2.zero defect 零缺陷3.perfect order 完美订单4.six-sigma performance 六西格玛管理体系5.marketing channel 营销渠道6.economic value 经济价值7.economy of scale 规模效益8.market value 市场价值9.trade-off 背反关系rmation sharing paradigm 信息共享模式11.process specialization paradigm 过程专业化模式12.electronic data interchange（EDI）电子信息交换13.made to plan（MTP）根据计划推测生产14.lead-time 交货期15.made to order（MTO）根据订单生产16.logistic outsourcing 物流外包17.stock keeping unit（SKU）库存单位18.integrated service provider（ISP）一体化服务供应商19.public warehouse公共仓库20.value-added service 增值服务21.third-party service provider 3PL 第三方物流服务供应商22.fourth-party service provider 4PL 第四方物流服务供应商23.anticipatory business model（push）预测性商业模式24.responsive business model（pull）快速响应型商业模式25.logistics postponement 物流延迟26.cash-to-cash conversion 现金转化周期27.dead net pricing 完全净价28.cash spin 现金周转29.operational performance 运作绩效30.order processing 订单处理31.customer accommodation 市场分销Chapter2 Inbound logistics 采购运筹，进口物流1.Procurement perspective and strategies 采购远景和策略2.continuous supply 持续供应3.minimize inventory investment 减少存货投资-JIT4.quality improvement 质量改进5.lowest total cost of ownership-TCO 所有权总成本最低6.supplier-buyer integration 供方买方整合7.value management 价值管理8.sales synergy 销售协同9.Manufacturing perspective and strategies 生产远景和策略10.brand power 品牌力11.Lead time 备货期12.Make-to-stock（MTS）备货型生产13.Make-to-order（MTO）订货型生产14.Assemble-to-order（ATO）面向订单装配15.Material Requirement Planning(MRP) 物料需求计划Chapter3 Outbound Logistics 出货物流1.Supply chain service output 供应链营运功率2.Spatial convenience 空间便利性3.Lot size 批量4.Waiting time 等待时间5.Stock out frequency 缺货率6.Fill rate 供应比率7. Sales and operations planning 销售和运作计划8.Order shipped complete 订货完成率9.Operation Performance 运行性能：10.Service Reliability 服务可靠性11.Customer Satisfaction 顾客满意度：12.Value added service 增值业务：13.Customer-focused services顾客导向之服务14.Promotion-focused services促销导向之服务15.Manufacturing-focused services 生产导向之服务16.Time-based services 基于时间的服务17.Distribution Resource Planning (DRP) 配送资源计划18.Total Quality Management全面质量管理19.customer relationship management（CRM）客户关系管理20.International Organization for Standardization（ISO）国际标准化组织21.European Article Numbering(EAN)欧洲物品编码22.Total Cost of Ownership所有权的总成本23.Economic Order Quantity(EOQ）经济订货量24.authorized economic operator授权经济运营25.make-to-plan（MTP)计划型生产26.Assemble-to-order面向订单装配27.materials requirements planning(MRP）物料需求计划28.performance-based logistics基于性能的物流29.Master Production Schedule主生产计划30.Bill of Materials 物料清单31.Distribution Resource Planning分销资源计划32.Supply chain information systems 供应链信息系统33.Enterprise Resource Planning（ERP)企业资源规划34.transportation management system运输管理系统35.Warehouse management system存货管理系统36.Yard management system堆场管理系统Advanced Planning and Scheduling(APS) 高级计划与排程系统37. available to promise 可行性承诺38.Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment(CPFR)协同规划，预测和补货39.bills of lading提单40. proof of delivery交货证明Chapter4Geographical specialization 地域专门化Decoupling 库存的“分离”作用Balancing supply and demand 平衡供需Buffering uncertainty 降低不确定性因素Service lever 服务水平Average inventory 平均库存Inventory policy 存货政策Cycle inventory, or base stock 周转库存Safety stock inventory 安全库存Transit inventory 在途库存Order quantity 订购数量Transit inventory 已中转存货Obsolete inventory陈旧存货Speculative inventory投机性存货Safety stock 安全储备Reorder point 再订货点Inventory turns库存周转次数performance cycle or lead time绩效循环Inventory carrying cost 库存持有成本Volume Transportation Rates体积运输率Free On board (FOB) 船上交货价Quantity Discount大批量折扣Other EOQ Adjustments其他存货调整Demand uncertainty 需求的不确定性Performance cycle uncertainty 运行周期的不确定性Standard deviation 标准差Poisson distribution 泊松分布Safety Stock with Combined Uncertainty安全库存结合的不确定性Numerical compounding 精确合成Estimating Fill Rate估计填充率Dependent Demand Replenishment相关需求补给Safety time 安全时间Over planning top-level demand 对高水平需求的超额预测Inventory control 库存控制Perpetual Review 永续盘存Periodic Review 定期盘存Reactive inventory system 反应式库存系统Pull inventory system 拉动式库存系统Fair Share Allocation 公平份额分配法Distribution Requirements Planning (DRP) 配送需求计划Collaborate Inventory Replenishment 联合库存补充Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI) 供应商管理存货Profile Replenishment (PR) 系列补货Product Classification Analysis (ABC) 产品分类分析Product/Market Classification 产品/市场分类Segment Strategy Definition 战略定义Policies and Parameters 政策和参数Chapter5,6(第八、九、十章）第八章Transportation InfrastructureIn-transit inventory在途库存Diversion转移Economy of scale规模经济 economy of distance 距离经济Tapering principle 远距离递减原则Consignor 发货人 consignee 收货人United States Postal Service （USPS）美国邮政服务Department of Transportation（DOT）运输部门Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) 洲际商会Surface Transportation Board (STB) 陆地运输局Rights-of-way 通行权Ton-mile 吨英里Truckload（TL) 整车运输less—than—truckload（LTL) 零担运输specialty 专项运输North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 北美自由贸易协定Central America Free Trade Act (CAFTA) 中美洲自由贸易法United Parcel Service (UPS) 联合包裹运输服务公司Piggyback service 驼背式运输服务Land bridge 大陆桥Freight forwarders 货运代理人第九章Transportation OperationsStowability 装载能力Hundredweight （CWT) 英担Transport lane 运输通道Back-haul 可带回去Deadheaded 空车返回Variable costs 可变成本Fixed costs 固定成本Joint costs 连带成本Common costs公共成本Cost-of-service 服务成本策略Value-of-service 服务价值策略Combination pricing strategy 组合定价策略Net-rate pricing 净费率定价策略Tariff 费率表Class rate 费率类别Minimum charges and surcharges最低收费和附加费Commodity rate 商品费率Exception rates 特价费率Aggregate tender rate累计费率Limited service rate 有限服务费率Shipper load and count rate 发货人装载和清点费率Released value rate 免责价值费率Freight-all-kind (FAK) rates 均价费率Local rate 地方费率Single-line rate单线费率Joint rate 联合费率Proportional rate比例费率Transit service 转运服务Diversion and reconsignment 转移并变更收货人Split delivery 分票交付Demurrage 滞期费Detention 滞留费用Special or accessorial service 特别的或者附属的费用Special equipment charges 特殊设备使用费Transportation management system （TMS）运输管理系统Core carrier strategy 核心承运人战略Integrated service providers （ISPs）Reactive and proactive反应性和主动性Market area 市场范围法Scheduled area delivery 定期运送Pooled delivery集中运送Preorder planning 预订计划Multi-vendor consolidation 多卖主集拼Expediting 加急Hours of service（HOS) 服务时间Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration联邦汽车运输安全管理局Loss or damage 货物丢失和损伤Overcharge/undercharge索价过低Preaudit 事前审核Post audit 事后审核Bill of lading 提货单Order-notified 待命提单Freight bill运费账单Prepaid or collect 预付或到付Shipment manifest装货清单Free on board船上交货Freight on board 离岸价格F.O.B. Origin FOB原产地价格F.O.B. Destination pricing FOB交货地价格F.O.B. 离岸价Delivered pricing 交货价Single-zone delivered pricing单地区定价Multiple-zone delivered pricing多地区定价Base—point pricing system基点定价系统Phantom freight在售价上加计的运费Freight absorption 运费免收Substantially lessen competition 大大减少竞争Forward-buy 提前购买Every Day Low Pricing（EDLP）天天低价Activity-based costing 作业成本法Total cost-to-serve model总成本与服务模型第十章 WarehousingDistribution center 分销中心Just-in-time （JIT）准时制生产Cross-docking 越库式转运Mixing组合作业Assembly 装配作业Lead suppliers or tier one suppliers 主供应商或一级供应商Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）环境保护机构Food and Drug Administration（FDA）食品药物监管会Occupational Safety and Health Administration（OSHA）职业安全与卫生管理局Spot-stocked 定点储存Value-added services（VAS）增值服务Transfer and selection 货物的转移和分拣作业Flow-through or cross-dock distribution通过式配送或越库式转运Extended storage 长期储存Contract warehousing 合同仓储Selection or picking area 分拣作业的区域Discrete selection and wave selection 单独分拣和区域分拣Batch selection 批次挑选Chapter 7 Integrated Operations PlanningSupply Chain Planning供应链计划Supply chain visibility供应链的可见性Simultaneous resource consideration资源的同步考虑Resource utilization资源的利用率Supply Chain Planning Applications供应链计划应用系统Demand Planning需求计划Product Planning生产计划Logistics Planning 物流计划Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP)销售和作业计划系统Maximize production产量最大化Stable schedule稳定的生产进度Long lead times长的提前期Lower margins较低的利润Aggregate forecasts总体预测Rapid response 快速响应Maximize revenue 利润最大化Collaborative planning协同计划Exponential smoothing指数平滑法extended exponential smoothing扩展平滑法Adaptive smoothing调节性平滑法Multiple regression多元回归Chapter 8 Global Supply ChainGlobal Supply Chain Integration全球供应链一体化Stages of international development国际化发展的阶段Use restriction使用限制Price surcharges价格附加费Local presence本地经营Global Sourcing 国际采购Rationale for Low-Cost-Country sourcing低成本国家采购的理由Guidelines for sourcing采购的指导方针Achieve economies of scale实现规模经济Reduce direct cost减少直接成本Reduce market access uncertainty减少市场准入的不确定性Enhance sustainability增强可持续性Combined transport document联运单据Commercial invoice商业发票Insurance certificate保险证书Certificate of origin原产地证书Logistics Performance Index（LPI）物流绩效指数Chapter 9 Chapter 10(第十五、十六章)SDWT--self-directed work teams 自我指导工作小组Balanced scorecards 平衡计分卡Balance sheet 资产负债表Income statement 利润表The great divide 严重断层Reliability-based trust 以可靠性为基础的信任Character-based trust 以特性为基础的信任Average order cycle time 平均订货周期时间Order cycle consistency 订货周期一致性On-time delivery 准时交货Downtime 停工期Inventory turnover rate 库存周转率ROA---return on assets 资产回报率ROI---return on investment 投资回报率RONW---return on net worth 净值回报率Contribution approach 贡献毛利法Net profit approach 净利润法SPM---Strategic Profit Model 战略盈利模型CMROI---contribution margin return on inventory investment库存投资利润贡献率。

GrossRegisteredTonnage(GRT)注册(容积)总吨NetRegisteredTonnage(NRT)注册(容积)净吨GrossDeadWeightTonnage总载重吨位DeadWeightCargoTonnage(DWCT)净载重吨OnBoard(Shipped)B/L已装船提单ReceivedforshipmentB/L备运(收妥待运)提单NamedB/L记名提单BearerB/L不记名提单BlankEndorsement空白备书CleanB/L清洁提单Inapparentgoodorderandcondition外表状况良好Unclean(Foul,Dirty)B/L不清洁提单DirectB/L直航提单TransshipmentB/L转船提单TimeCharterParty定期租船合同Bareboat(demise)CharterParty光船租船合同Commoncarrier公共承运人Privatecarrier私人承运人ConsecutivesingletripC/P连续单航次租船合同ReturntripC/P往返航次租船合同ContractofAffreightment(COA)包运合同VoyageCharterPartyonTimeBasis航次期租合同FixtureNote租船确认书FreeIn(FI)船方不负责装费BookingNote托运单(定舱委托书) ShippingOrder(S/O)装货单(下货纸)Mate′sReceipt收货单LoadingList装货清单StowagePlan货物积载计划DangerousCargoList危险品清单StowageFactor积载因素(系数) Inwardcargo进港货Outwardcargo出港货Containeryard(CY)集装箱堆场Logbook航行日志Linertransport班轮运输Tramptransport不定期(租船)运输MinimumFreight工最低运费AccomplishaBillofLading(to)付单提货Advaloremfreight从价运费Addresscommission(Addcomm)回扣佣金Adjustment海损理算Averageadjuster海损理算师Averagebond海损分摊担保书Addendum(toacharterparty)(租船合同)附件Apron码头前沿Baleorbalecapacity货舱包装容积Back(return)load回程货Backfreight回程运费Ballast(to)空载行驶Barge驳船Barratry船员不轨Barrelhandler桶抓Basecargo(1)垫底货Bottom船体Bottomstowcargo舱底货Bottomryloan船舶抵押贷款Breakbulk零担Brokenstowage亏舱Brokerage经纪人佣金Bulkcargo散装货Bulkcarrier散货船Bulkcontainer散货集装箱Carryings运输量Certificateofseaworthiness适航证书Cesserclause责任终止条款Chassis集装箱拖车Classificationcertificate船级证书Classificationregister船级公告Classificationsociety船级社Classificationsurvey船级检验Paramountclause首要条款Clean(petroleum)products精练油Consignor发货人Consignment托运；托运的货物Consolidation(groupage)拼箱Consortium联营Containerbarge集装箱驳船Containerleasing集装箱租赁Containerization集装箱化Containerised已装箱的，已集装箱化的Containership集装箱船Contamination(ofcargo)货物污染Deckcargo甲板货Deliveryofcargo(aship)交货(交船) DespatchorDespatchmoney速遣费Destuff卸集装箱Deviation绕航Directdischarge(车船)直卸Directtransshipment直接转船Disbursements港口开支Dischargingport卸货港Elevator卸货机Enterashipinwards(outwards)申请船舶进港(出港) Entrepot保税货Equipment设备(常指集装箱)预计到达时间Estimatedtimeofcompletion(ETC)预计完成时间Estimatedtimeofdeparture(ETD)预计离港时间Estimatedtimeofreadiness(ETR)预计准备就绪时间Estimatedtimeofsailing(ETS)预计航行时间Europallet欧式托盘Feedership支线船Ferry渡轮Firstclassship一级船Flagofconvenience(FOC)方便旗船Floatingdock浮坞Forcemajeure不可抗力Fork-lifttruck铲车Fortyfootequivalentunit(FEU)四十英尺集装箱换算单位Four-waypallet四边开槽托盘Freeboard干Fullanddown满舱满载?Gantrycrane门式起重机(门吊)?Gencon金康航次租船合同?Generalaverage共同海损?Generalaveragecontribution共同海损分摊? Generalaveragesacrifice共同海损牺牲? Generalcargo(generals)杂货? Generalpurposecontainer多用途集装箱? Geographicalrotation地理顺序? GermanischerLloyd(G.L.)德国船级社?Harbour海港?Harbourdues港务费?Hatch(hatchcover)舱盖?Hatchway舱口?Headcharterer主租船人?Heavylift超重货物?Heavyliftadditional(surcharge)超重附加费? Heavyliftderrick重型吊杆?Heavyweather恶劣天气??Immediaterebate直接回扣? InternationalMaritimeOrganization(IMO)国际海事组织? Importentry进口报关?Indemnity赔偿?Inducementcargo起运量货物? Inflationadjustmentfactor(IAF)通货膨胀膨胀调整系数? Infrastructure(ofaport)(港口)基础设施?Inherentvice固有缺陷?InstituteWarrantyLimits(IWL)(伦敦保险人)协会保证航行范围? Insufficientpacking包装不足?Ladendraught满载吃水?Landbridge陆桥?Landingcharges卸桥费?Landing,storageanddelivery卸货、仓储和送货费?Lashings绑扎物?Latitude纬度?Lay-byberth候载停泊区?Laydays(laytime)装卸货时间? Laydayscanceling(Laycan或L/C)销约期? Laytimesaved节省的装卸时间?Lloyd′sRegisterofShipping劳埃德船级社? Loadline(loadline)载重线? Loadinghatch装货口?Logabstract航海日志摘录?Longton长吨?Longitude经度? Lumpsumcharter整笔运费租赁? Maidenvoyage处女航? Maindeck主甲板?Mainport主要港口?Misdelivery错误交货? Misdescription错误陈述? Mixedcargo混杂货? Mobilecrane移动式起重机?Moreorlessincharterer’soption(MOLCHOP)承租人有增减选择权? Moreorlessinowner’soption(MOLOO)船东有增减选择权? Mothership母船?Multideckship多层甲板船?Multi-purposecargoship多用途船?Multi-purposeterminal多用途场站?Non-conferenceline(Independentlin岢稍钡暮皆斯不可流通的提单?Non-reversiblelaytime不可调配使用的装卸时间?Non-vesselowning(operating)commoncarrier(NVOCC)无船承运人? Notalwaysafloatbutsafeaground不保持浮泊但安全搁浅? Noteprotest作海事声明?Notifyparty通知方?Ocean(Liner,Sea)waybill海运单? Offhire停租?Oiltanker油轮?On-carriage货运中转?On-carrier接运承运人?Outward进港的? Overheightcargo超重货物? Overlandedcargooroverlanding溢卸货? Overload超载?Overtime(O/T)加班时间? Overtonnaging吨位过剩?Owner′sagents船东代理人? Packagelimitation单位(赔偿)责任限制? Packinglist装箱单?Pallet托(货)盘?Pilferage偷窃?Pilot引航员?Pilotage引航?Pilotagedues引航费?Platformflat平台式集装箱?Pooling(班轮公司间分摊货物或运费)分摊制? Port港口，船的左舷?Portofrefuge避难港? Portableunloader便携式卸货机? Postfixture订约后期工作?Protectiveclauses保护性条款?Protest海事声明?Pumpman泵工?Purchase(吊杆)滑车组?Quarter-deck后甲板?Quay码头?Quote报价?Ramp跳板?Ramp/hatchcover(跳板)舱口盖?Rate费率Rateofdemurrage滞期费率?RegistroItalianoNavale(R.I.)意大利船级社? Releaseabilloflading交提单? Releasecargo放货??Reportingpoint(calling-in-point)报告点? Repositioncontainers调配集装箱? Respondentialoan船货抵押贷款?Returncargo回程货?Returnload回程装载?Reversiblelaytime可调配的装卸时间?Safeworkingload安全工作负荷?Safetyradio-telegraphycertificate无线电报设备安全证书? ?Sail航行,离港?Salvagecharges救助费? Salvageagreement救助协议? Salve救助?Salvor救助人???Semi-trailer半脱车? Separation隔票? Servicecontract服务合同? Shears(shear-legs)人字(起重)架?Shelter-deck遮蔽甲板船?Shift工班?Shift(to)移泊，移位? Shiftingcharges移泊费? Shipbroker船舶经纪人?Shipping航运，船舶，装运?Sidedoorcontainer侧门集装箱?Side-loadingtrailer侧向装卸拖车? Similarsbustitue(sim.sub.)相似替换船? Singlehatchship单舱船?Skid垫木?Skip吊货盘? Slidinghatchcover滑动舱盖? Sling吊货索(链)环，吊起? Sloptank污水箱?Slops污水?Stevedoringcharges装卸费用? Stiff稳性过大?Stranding搁浅? Strengthenedhold加固舱?Strike-bound罢工阻碍?Strip(destuff)acontainer卸集装箱? Stripseal封条?Stuff(to)装集装箱?Sub-charterer转租人?Sub-freight转租运费?Tallysheet(book)理货单? Tankcar槽车?Tankcleaning油舱清洗? Tankcontainer液体集装箱?Tanker油轮?Tariff费率表?Tarpaulin油布?Tender稳性过小?Terminalchassis场站拖车? Terminalhandlingcharge场站操作费?Tractor牵引车?Tradinglimits航行范围?Trailer拖车?Transfer(equipmenthandover)charge设备租用费?Transhipment(transshipment,trans-shipment)转船? Transitcargo过境货物?Transportercrane轨道式起重机?Tray货盘?Trim平舱?Trimaship调整船舶吃水?Unmoor解揽?Unseaworthiness不适航?Utilization整箱货?Valuationform货价单?Vehicle/trainferry汽车/火车渡轮?Ventilatedcontainer通风集装箱?Ventilation通风?Ventilator通风器?Vessel船舶，船方??Wharfage(charges)码头费? Whenwherereadyoncompletionofdischarge(w.w.rc.d.)何时何处还船? ??White(clean,cleanpetroleum)products精炼油? Widelaycan长销约期?Workable(working)hatch可工作舱口?Workingday工作日?Workingdayof24consecutivehours连续24小时工作日? Workingdayof24hours24小时工作日?Lowdensitycargo轻货? SpecificCommodityRates(SCR)特种货物运价? CommodityClassificationRates(CCR)等价货物运价? GeneralCargoRates(GCR)普通货物运价?ConstructionRate比例运价? CombinationofRate分段相加运价? ValuationCharges声明价值费? DeclaredvalueforCarriage运输声明价值? NovalueDeclared(NVD)不要求声明价值? DeclaredvalueforCustoms海关声明价值?LEANLOGISTICS精益物流? VIRTUALLOGISTICS虚拟物流? CUSTOMIZATIONLOGISTICS定制物流?value-ADDEDLOGISTICSSERVICE增值物流服务?SUPPLYCHAINMANAGEMENT(SCM)供应链管理? SUPPLYCHIANINTEGRATION供应链整合? PHYSICALPRODUCTION产品配送? INTEGRATEDLOGISTICS综合物流? MATERIALREQUIREMENTPLANNING(MRPI)物料需求计划? MANUFACTURINGRESOURCEPLANNING(MRPII)制造资源计划?POINTOFSALE(POS)销售实点(信息)系统? AUTOMATICREPLENISHMENT(AR)自动补货系统? JUSTINTIME(JIT)准时制?OUTSOURCING业务外包(外协，外购)?WAREHOUSE仓库?BONDEDWAREHOUSE保税仓库?GrossRegisteredTonnage(GRT)注册(容积)总吨NetRegisteredTonnage(NRT)注册(容积)净吨GrossDeadWeightTonnage总载重吨位DeadWeightCargoTonnage(DWCT)净载重吨BillofLading提单OnBoard(Shipped)B/L已装船提单ReceivedforshipmentB/L备运(收妥待运)提单NamedB/L记名提单OrderB/L指示提单BlankEndorsement空白备书CleanB/L清洁提单Inapparentgoodorderandcondition外表状况良好Unclean(Foul,Dirty)B/L不清洁提单DirectB/L直航提单Voyagecharterparty航次租船合同TimeCharterParty定期租船合同Bareboat(demise)CharterParty光船租船合同Commoncarrier公共承运人SingletripC/P单航次租船合同ConsecutivesingletripC/P连续单航次租船合同ReturntripC/P往返航次租船合同ContractofAffreightment(COA)包运合同VoyageCharterPartyonTimeBasis航次期租合同FixtureNote租船确认书InternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCode(IMDG)国际海上危险品货物规则(国际危规) BookingNote托运单(定舱委托书)ShippingOrder(S/O)装货单(下货纸)Mate′sReceipt收货单CargoManifest载货清单(货物舱单) StowagePlan货物积载计划DangerousCargoList危险品清单StowageFactor积载因素(系数) Inwardcargo进港货Outwardcargo出港货CrewList船员名册Logbook航行日志Linertransport班轮运输Tramptransport不定期(租船)运输MaximumFreight最高运费AccomplishaBillofLading(to)付单提货Advaloremfreight从价运费Addresscommission(Addcomm)回扣佣金Adjustment海损理算Averageadjuster海损理算师Areadifferential地区差价Addendum(toacharterparty)(租船合同)附件Apron码头前沿Baleorbalecapacity货舱包装容积Backtobackcharter转租合同Backfreight回程运费Ballast(to)空载行驶Barge驳船Barratry船员不轨Barrelhandler桶抓Bookspace洽订舱位Bottom船体Bottomstowcargo舱底货Bottomryloan船舶抵押贷款Breakbulkcargo零担货物Brokenstowage亏舱Brokerage经纪人佣金Bulkcargo散装货Bulkcarrier散货船Bulkcontainer散货集装箱Cargoworthiness适货Carryings运输量Certificateofseaworthiness适航证书Cesserclause责任终止条款Claimsadjuster理赔人Classificationcertificate船级证书Classificationregister船级公告Classificationsociety船级社Classificationsurvey船级检验Paramountclause首要条款Consignee收货人Consignor发货人Consignment托运；托运的货物Consolidation(groupage)拼箱Constants常数Containerbarge集装箱驳船Containerleasing集装箱租赁Containerization集装箱化Containerised已装箱的，已集装箱化的Containership集装箱船Deaiweightscale载重图表Deckcargo甲板货Deliveryofcargo(aship)交货(交船) DespatchorDespatchmoney速遣费Deviation绕航Directdischarge(车船)直卸Directtransshipment直接转船Disbursements港口开支Elevator卸货机Enterashipinwards(outwards)申请船舶进港(出港) Entrepot保税货Equipmenthandovercharge设备使用费预计到达时间Estimatedtimeofcompletion(ETC)预计完成时间Estimatedtimeofdeparture(ETD)预计离港时间Estimatedtimeofreadiness(ETR)预计准备就绪时间Estimatedtimeofsailing(ETS)预计航行时间Feederservice支线运输服务Feedership支线船Ferry渡轮Firstclassship一级船Floatingcrane浮吊Floatingdock浮坞Forcemajeure不可抗力Fork-lifttruck铲车Fortyfootequivalentunit(FEU)四十英尺集装箱换算单位Four-waypallet四边开槽托盘Fullandcompletecargo满舱满载货?Fullanddown满舱满载?Gantrycrane门式起重机(门吊)?Gencon金康航次租船合同?Generalaverageact共同海损行为? Generalaveragecontribution共同海损分摊? Generalaveragesacrifice共同海损牺牲? Generalcargo(generals)杂货? Generalpurposecontainer多用途集装箱? Geographicalrotation地理顺序?Handy-sizedbulker小型散货船?Harbour海港?Harbourdues港务费?Hatch(hatchcover)舱盖?Headcharter(charterparty)主租船合同? Headcharterer主租船人?Heavylift超重货物?Heavyliftadditional(surcharge)超重附加费? Heavyliftderrick重型吊杆?Heavyweather恶劣天气?Idle(船舶、设备)闲置?Immediaterebate直接回扣? InternationalMaritimeOrganization(IMO)国际海事组织? Importentry进口报关?Inducement起运量?Inducementcargo起运量货物? Inflationadjustmentfactor(IAF)通货膨胀膨胀调整系数? Infrastructure(ofaport)(港口)基础设施?Inherentvice固有缺陷?InstituteWarrantyLimits(IWL)(伦敦保险人)协会保证航行范围?Laden满载的?Ladendraught满载吃水?Landbridge陆桥?Landingcharges卸桥费?Lash用绳绑扎?Lashings绑扎物?Latitude纬度?Lay-byberth候载停泊区?Laydays(laytime)装卸货时间? Laydayscanceling(Laycan或L/C)销约期?Linerterms班轮条件?Lloyd′sRegisterofShipping劳埃德船级社? Loadline(loadline)载重线? Loadinghatch装货口?Longlengthadditional超长附加费? Longton长吨?Longitude经度? Lumpsumcharter整笔运费租赁? Maidenvoyage处女航? Maindeck主甲板?Metricton公吨?Misdelivery错误交货? Misdescription错误陈述? Mixedcargo混杂货?。