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动词不定式
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. It is important for modern young people _______ to learn (learn) at least two foreign languages. 2. The most important thing for one’s have (have) plenty of exercise. health is to ______ 3. Ted decided _______ to work (work) hard and wanted _____ to go (go) to Beijing University. to get (get) 4. We found it impossible _____ everything ready in time. 5. Sue really doesn’t know which book ________ to choose (choose).
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. hand sb. sth. = hand sth. to sb. send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. leave sb. sth. = leave sth. to sb. teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. read sb. sth. = read sth. for sb.
动词不定式用法详解
动词不定式（The Infinitive ）一、动词不定式的形式及意义构成时态语态复合结构否定式主动被动一般式to do to be done for sb.to do sth.of sb.to do sth.在“to”前加not 或never完成式to have done to have been done 进行式to be doing /不定式虽然没有人称和数的变化，但所表达的动作仍有时间先后顺序。
1、不定式的一般式，表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生。
We are very glad to meet you again.再次见到你，我们非常高兴。
（同时发生）I hope to see you next week .我希望下周能见到你。
[不等式动作发生在谓语之后]I am ready to shave .我要刮脸了。
（自己挂自己的脸）I am ready to be shaved .我准备好刮脸了。
（由别人给自己刮脸）2、不定式的进行式，表示的动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
They are to be waiting for us at the station.他们在车站等我们。
（作表语）He pretended to be reading attentively when I came in.我进去时他假装在专心读书。
（作宾语）3、不定式的完成式，表示的动作发生在谓语表示的动作之前。
He pretended not to have seen me .他假装没有看见我。
He is the first student in the school to have got the prize .在该校，它是第一个获得该奖的学生。
There is no need to have worried about it like that.不需要那样担忧。
The room seems to have been tidied up already .这个房子似乎好像已经整理过了。
常见的动词不定式
常见的动词不定式动词不定式是指动词加上不定式符号“to”所构成的动词形式，常常用来作为动词的宾语、主语、表语等。
下面列举常见的动词不定式：1. to be：表示“是”，常用于主语、表语和补语中，例如“ To be or not to be, that is the question.”（生存还是毁灭，这是个问题。
）2. to have：表示“有”，常用于宾语中，例如“ I want to havea cup of coffee.”（我想要喝一杯咖啡。
）3. to do：表示“做”，常用于宾语或主语中，例如“ I like to do yoga in the morning.”（我喜欢早上做瑜伽。
）4. to go：表示“去”，常用于宾语或主语中，例如“ I want to go to the beach this weekend.”（我想这个周末去海滩。
）5. to see：表示“看见”，常用于宾语中，例如“ I hope to see you soon.”（我希望能早日见到你。
）6. to hear：表示“听到”，常用于宾语中，例如“ I didn't hear him knocking at the door.”（我没有听到他敲门声。
）7. to learn：表示“学习”，常用于宾语中，例如“ I want to learn Spanish.”（我想学习西班牙语。
）8. to speak：表示“说话”，常用于宾语中，例如“ I need to speak with my boss.”（我需要和我的老板谈话。
）9. to read：表示“阅读”，常用于宾语中，例如“ I like to readbooks in my free time.”（我喜欢在空闲时间读书。
）10. to write：表示“写作”，常用于宾语中，例如“ I need to write a report for my boss.”（我需要为我的老板写一份报告。
动词不定式
动词不定式特征：动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。
结构：动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；否定形式是not to＋do。
1．作主语可以直接作主语。
如：To see is to believe．眼见为实。
但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。
如：It's wrong to play tricks on other people．规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。
真正的主语为动词不定式。
2．作宾语1）want，decide ，agree，would like等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。
如：We agreed/wanted/decided/would like to start early2)love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后可加to do 或者doing。
提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。
如：I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜游泳，但现在不想游。
3）stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式或者ING。
但是意思区别很大。
如：stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。
stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。
Forget/remember to do sth: 忘记/记得去做某事Forget /remember doing sth:忘记、记得做过某事。
go on to do sth: 接着做另外一件事Go on doing sth: 接着做同一件事情Try to do sth:努力去做某事Try doing sth:尝试做某事3．作宾语补足语1)tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help 等词后面常接不定式作宾补。
动词不定式
1.做作业花了我们一小时。
To do the homework takes us an hour ork.
2.爬陡峭的山是危险的。
To climb steep mountain is very dangerous . =It is very dangerous to climb steep mountains.
It is easy for me to solve the problem.
It is very kind of you to help me .
做主语的动词不定式结构 （一）.To do something is +形容词。= It is +形容词to do something .(做某事是怎样的)
B
1.He’d better ___B______ in the street .
A. not to play B. not play C. not playing
2. Do you enjoy ___C____________ a kite in the open air ?
A. to fly B. fly
My sister likes _e_a__ti_n_g__ meat for lunch .
This lunch she likes ______vegetables for lunch .
to eat
请别忘记动词后的介词
Who are you looking __f_o_r____? I need a pen to write __w_i_t_h___. She need a piece of paper to write _o__n____. He is the boy the teacher often talk _t_o__/_w_i.th Whom are you waiting __f_o_r_______ . Who is the next that the doctor will look _o_v_e_r___.
To do the homework takes us an hour ork.
2.爬陡峭的山是危险的。
To climb steep mountain is very dangerous . =It is very dangerous to climb steep mountains.
It is easy for me to solve the problem.
It is very kind of you to help me .
做主语的动词不定式结构 （一）.To do something is +形容词。= It is +形容词to do something .(做某事是怎样的)
B
1.He’d better ___B______ in the street .
A. not to play B. not play C. not playing
2. Do you enjoy ___C____________ a kite in the open air ?
A. to fly B. fly
My sister likes _e_a__ti_n_g__ meat for lunch .
This lunch she likes ______vegetables for lunch .
to eat
请别忘记动词后的介词
Who are you looking __f_o_r____? I need a pen to write __w_i_t_h___. She need a piece of paper to write _o__n____. He is the boy the teacher often talk _t_o__/_w_i.th Whom are you waiting __f_o_r_______ . Who is the next that the doctor will look _o_v_e_r___.
动词不定式
动词不定式不定式的构成非常简单：to do sth (do 代表动词原形)，其否定形式是not to do sth，被动形式：to be done 有时也可以不带to。
一般表示要干还没干的事（干过的事一般用-ing形式）。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分，即：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语。
不定式作主语：一般位于句首，谓语用单数To go to college is our ideal. 上大学是我们的理想。
To learn foreign languages is difficult. 学外语很难。
为了平衡句子，通常用it做形式主语替不定式，即：It’s+名词/形容词+for/of sb.+to do sth. (注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，当表语的形容词为修饰逻辑主语sb. 的kind，nice，good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等时，逻辑主语由of引出)It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patience...)＋to do sth则上面两句话可变为：It’s our ideal to go to college.It’s difficult (for us) to learn foreign languages.又如：It’s kind of you to say so. 你那样说真好。
不定式作宾语：I like to watch TV. 我喜欢看电视。
He wants to swim. 他想要游泳。
不定式作表语：常用在系动词be, seem, appear, get, remain 等后作表语，如：The meaning of the word is to go quickly. 这个词的意思是快点走。
非谓语动词(不定式)的用法
非谓语动词(不定式)的用法非谓语动词（动词不定式的具体用法）动词不定式有三大语法功能：1.充当名词，可作主语、宾语或表语；2.充当形容词，可作后置定语或宾语补足语；3.充当副词，可作状语。
构成不定式需要使用“to+动词原形”的形式，否定式则在不定式符号之前加入否定词“not/never”。
一、不定式作主语的用法不定式作主语的特点是具有名词的功能，可表示意愿或未完成的事情，谓语动词要用单数。
常见的此类名词有：plan（计划）、purpose（目的）、attempt（企图）、goal（目标）、aim（目的）、n（雄心）、dream（梦想）、ideal（理想）、wish（希望/愿望）、hope（希望）、n（决定）、n（决定）、proposal（提议/建议）等。
为了避免主语过长，不定式短语可放在句末，用形式主语“it”代替原来的主语位置，不定式则成为真正的主语。
例如：___.（赢得冠军是我的雄心。
）To master a foreign language is necessary.（掌握一门外语是有必要的。
）To e President of the United States used to be my goal.（过去我的梦想是成为美国总统。
）Speaking perfect English is always my dream.（说一口流利的英语一直是我的梦想。
）It is ___.（保护环境是有必要的。
）There are two special ___:1) It is + adj + of sb + to do sth.2) It is + adj + for sb + to do sth.___ characteristics and differences are:1) If ___ characteristics or traits。
the logical subject of the ___ "of."Examples:It is very affable of you to help me。
动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式(to do)是英语课的一个重点，也是很多考试中要考查的一个项目。
你知道动词不定式的用法有哪些吗？接下来，小编给大家准备了动词不定式的用法总结,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
●动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，掌握起来有困难。
下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆：一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。
动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。
三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。
1、主语：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。
例：To go in for sports helps youstay fit.(book4，L28)It helps you stay fit to go in for sports. It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own.注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind，nice，good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等表示评价的形容词。
例：It's right of him to refuse the invitation1.(him为逻辑主语)2、表语：Our duty is to protect the enviroment.3、动词宾语：此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。
例：would you like to see my photos?Kevin planned to visit his uncle.(book4，L11)和plan用法一样的词还有：start，want，agree，hope，begin，decide等。
动词的不定式
动词不定式动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可以起名词，形容词，或副词的作用，同时也可在句中做主语，宾语，表语等。
动词不定式的形式一般是“to+动词原形”，但是to 有时候可以省去。
（一）不定式做主语动词不定式做主语时，句子中谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种。
1.把动词不定式置于句首。
To see is to believe .百闻不如一见2.用it 做形式主语，把真正的主语不定式放在后面，常有以下句型(1).It+be +名词+to do sth.It’s our duty to take good care of the old. 好好照顾老人是我们的责任。
（2）It takes sb +some time +to do sthHow long did it take you to finish the work? 完成这项工作你花了多少时间（3）It +be+形容词+for sb+to do sth.It’s necessary for you to lock the car.锁车是很有必要的。
（4）It +be +形容词+ of sb+to do sth.It was silly of us to believe him.我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他的话。
（5）It seems\appears +形容词+to do sth.It seemed impossible to save money.省钱看起来是不可能的（二）动词不定式做宾语能以不定式做宾语的动词很多，常见的有：want,like,wish,hate,prefer,hope,continue,manage,try,ask,offer,start,forge t,promise,mean,pretend,intend,begin,attempt,decide,learn,desire,agree, care,choose,determine,undertake,expect等。
动词不定式
C-不定式的概念、作用语法梳理不定式一、概念：在语法中，动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式。
形式为：to+动词原形+其他。
之所以被叫做不定式，是因为动词不被限定，或者说不被词形变化所局限。
不定式属于非谓语动词。
不定式的时态有：一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式。
二、不定式的作用1、作主语。
不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。
往往用it作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。
如：It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意：（1）其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。
（2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is …to…的句型。
试比较：It is to negate(取消，否定）my own idea to believe him.（错）To believe him is to negate my own idea .（对）（3）It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用for.2、作宾语（1）动词+不定式。
如：He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语）（2）动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。
如：I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.I can’t decide when to go there.注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。
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语法：动词不定式1. It's our duty _________ the room every day.A. to cleanB. cleanedC. cleanD. cleans(甘肃省)2. It's hard for us _____ English well.A. learnB. learnsC. to learnD. learning(江西省)4. It's very nice _____you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.A. for，ofB. of，forC. to，forD. of，to(安徽省)KEYS: 1. A 2.C 3. take, to build 4. B1. He wants ___ some vegetables.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. buys (山西省)2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bringB. bringingC. to takeD. taking (福建省)3. He found it very difficult ___A. sleepingB. sleepsC. sleptD. to fall asleep (湖南省)4. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.A. help himB. to help him withC. to help withD. helps him with (江苏省)5. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.A. cookB. cooksC. to cookD. cooked (甘肃省)6. We saw him ___the building and go upstairs.A. to enterB. enterC. enteringD. entered (河南省)7. So much work usually makes them __very tired.A. to feelB. feelsC. feelingD. feel8. Your father is sleeping. You'd better ______.A. not wake up himB. not to wake up himC. not wake him upD. not to wake him up (陕西省)9. I was made ___ my homework in the afternoon.A. doB. doingC. to doD. didKeys：1. C 2. A 3. D 4.B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. C1. Would you like something ____?A. drinkB. drinkingC. to drinkD. drinks (湖北省)2. I have a lot of homework ______.A. doB. doingC. didD. to do (河南省)3. He is not an easy man ______.A. get onB. to get onC. get on withD. to get on with (山东省)1. Robert is said ____ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. don’t make3. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ____ in my new job.A. expectedB. to expectC. to be expectingD. expects4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. see5. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ____.A. it what to do withB. what to do with itC. what to do it withD. to do what with it6. The mother didn’t know ____ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.A. whoB. whenC. howD. why7. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning8. We agreed ____ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.A. having metB. meetingC. to meetD. to have met9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ____.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not to10. The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation.A. to eat notB.eating notC. not to eatD.not eating11. I would love ____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone12. Charles Babbage is generally considered ____the first computer.A. to inventB. inventingC. to have inventedD. having invented13. Little Jim should love ____ to the theatre this evening.A. to be takenB. to takeC. being takenD. taking14. ____ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm.A. To sleepB. SleepingC. SleepD. Having sleep15. The teacher asked us ____ so much noise.A. don’t makeB. not makeC. not makingD. not to makeKEYS: 1----5ABBBB 6-----10ABCAC 11-----15BCAAD五、真题练习6 All of us found________difficult to work out the maths problem.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. it7 Please stop________a rest if you feel tired. (2002年南宁市)A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. has8. There's enough bird food________for a month. (2001年山西省)A. to lastB. lastC. lastsD. lasted9. She has no paper________. (2001年重庆市)A. to writeB. to write withC. write onD. to write on10. Mother asked me________some fruit after supper. (2003年新疆生产建设兵团)A. buyB. boughtC. buyingD. to buy11. Let him_______a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk. (2003年济南市)A. haveB. getsC. to takeD. has12 It was raining heavily outside. The father made the children________in the room. (2003年桂林市)A. to stayB. stayC. stayingD. stayed13. -I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhang's home just now.-Yes, she is often seen________the old man with his housework. (2003年呼和浩特市)A. helpB. to helpC. helpsD. helped14 Yesterday morning I got up early________be late for the exam. (2002年上海市)A. in order toB. in order to notC. so as not toD. so as to15 Let's________so as not________late for the meeting.A. to hurry, toB. to hurry, to beC. hurry, to beD. hurry, be16 There's no difference between the two words. I really don't know________. (2003年河南)A. what to chooseB. which to chooseC. to choose whichD. to choose what 17 The students of Class One will spend their winter holiday in Shenzhen, but thestudents of Class Two haven't decided________. (2003年广东省)A. what to buyB. how to goC. where to goD. which to choose18 ________the computer is a problem.A. How to useB. What to useC. Which to useD. Where to use19, -You look rather tired.________stop to take a rest?-All right. But I'll have to work for a few more minutes. (2002年呼和浩特市)A. Why notB. Do youC. What aboutD. How about20. The TV set is too loud. Will you please________? (2002年哈尔滨市)A. turn down itB. turn it downC. to turn it downD. to turn down it KEYS: 1. D 2. A 3 B 4 C 5A6 D 7A 8A 9.D 10D11A 12B 13B 14C 15C 16B 17C 18A 19D 20B六．单选1. You'd better________your coat. It's cold outside.A. put onB. to put onC. putting onD. puts on2. We began________English five years ago.A. learnB. learnedC. to learnD. to be learned3. The Frenchman didn't know______this word in Chinese.A. how to tellB. how sayC. how to sayD. how talk4. His mother made him________the floor every day.A. sweepsB. to sweepC. sweepingD. sweep5. She was heard________an English song in her room last night.A. singB. sangC. to singD. singing6. Peter asked me________him with his chemistry.A. helpB. helpingC. helpedD. to help7. It is good for us________morning exercises.A. doB. to doC. didD. done8. The teacher told us________in bed.A. don't readB. read notC. to not readD. not to read9. It's too early. Why________a rest with us?A. not haveB. not havingC. not to haveD. didn't have10. The old woman was________angry________say a word.A. so, thatB. as, asC. too, toD. very, toKEYS：1-10 ACCDD DBDAC。