2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研辅导班笔记
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2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题答案笔记各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
【中国文化】填空题1,封禅 2 钟鼎文 3 清商曲 4 清明上河图 5 四大徽班进京 6 豫园7 清明两代8 修禊xiu xi 9 禅宗10 文化与自然双重遗产11 马可波罗游记12 新界选择题1B 2C 3C 4D 5A 6C 7D 8A 9BD 10D三、名词解释1.海上“丝绸之路”——古代中国与外国交通贸易和文化交往的海上通道。
因中国丝绸等通过此路大量西运,故名。
又因该路主要以南海为中心,起点主要是广州,所以又称南海丝绸之路。
形成于秦汉时期,发展于三国隋朝时期,繁荣于唐宋时期,转变于明清时期,是已知的最为古老的海上航线。
2.颜肥柳瘦——唐朝大书法家颜真卿与柳公权并称“颜柳”,颜真卿把篆隶笔法用于楷行草书,又把楷书的横划写得细瘦,把点、竖、撇、捺写得肥壮,世称“颜体”;柳公权有意避开颜体竖划的肥壮,把横竖划都写得均匀硬瘦,把点划写得如刀切一般,独创“柳体”,世称“颜肥柳瘦”。
四、简要评述中国文化思想史上的儒、道互补现象。
老子思想和孔子思想的差异是十分广泛的,但就其最主要的方面而言,莫过于理论上各有偏重和价值观念的不同。
大体来说,孔子开创的儒家的价值观,以人文主义为基本取向,注重道德的完善和人格的提升,强调积极进取,投身社会事业。
老子开创的道家的价值观,以自然主义为基本取向,注重天然的真朴之性和内心的宁静和谐,主张超越世俗,因任自然。
孔、老之后的两千多年中,儒道互补一直是中国文化历史演进的主要内容。
在这漫长的时期中,随着历史文化条件的变迁,儒道两家思想的互补也呈现出阶段性,大体经历了两次高潮。
儒道两家思想的第一次大规模、深层次互相影响和互相补充,发生在战国中后期百家争鸣的学术环境中。
2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题笔记各位2016年考研的小伙伴们,欢迎大家来到才思教育,今天给大家着重的分析一下关于对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士MTI考研的相关内容。
一翻译硕士英语(100)1.1词汇语法单项选择1.5*20=30分题型:可参考专四词汇语法及外国语言学及应用语言学基础英语词汇语法部分难度:词汇介于专四到专八之间参考书目:英语专业4级语法与词汇星火英语•英语专业考研考点精梳与精练(基础英语)说明:参考书目仅仅供参考因人而异。
我只是当初在书店偶然觉得这两本的词汇语法部分跟大纲上的题很像。
基础英语难度太大了。
北语貌似不会考那么难的。
1.2 阅读理解2*20=40题型:共4篇文章。
前两篇文章10道题为单项选择,跟市面各种阅读理解是一样的。
后两篇文章10道题为回答问题。
参考书目:这个。
自己看着办吧阅读就行难度不好说我个人认为今年文章比题复杂。
说明:文章体裁挺丰富的。
准备的时候各种都得看看吧。
回答问题那部分基本上都可以从原文找出或者经过稍微的总结。
这个我没找到合适的参考,当时也没准备。
1.3 写作30分题型:按专八写作准备吧。
参考书目:英语专业八级考试精品范文100篇外文出版社说明:这本书巨好巨好推荐指数*****。
比星火神马的好上不知道有多少倍。
星火那个我也买了但不推荐,虽然是资深老头子写的,但语言还是不如这个写的地道。
二英语翻译基础1.1 词语翻译题型:15个英译汉15个汉译英,共30分。
缩略词熟语神马的参考书目:最新汉英特色词汇词典说明:这本书是ChinaDaily出的。
不错。
之前网上有电子版错误挺多的其实这本书里还是有错。
1.2 英译汉& 汉译英题型:一篇英文一篇中文各60分。
大众文体,英译汉是跟经济危机有关的演讲;汉译英是温总理在世博闭幕上的讲话。
都是节选。
参考书目:自己看着办吧一个要读翻译做翻译的人,应该有鉴别能力的。
不过要补充的是:市面大部分翻译教材大同小异。
贸大翻硕----2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士日语口译考研真题笔记解析(集训营辅导)各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
百科知识部分解放军军史中国人民解放军诞生1927年8月1日的南昌起义。
1927年秋至1928年春,中国共产党先后发动了南昌起义、秋收起义、广州起义、湘南起义和湖北东部等地区的起义。
这些地区起义后保留下来的部队,当时叫中国工农革命军,1928年5月以后,陆续改称中国工农红军,简称“红军”。
1937年7月7日爆发抗日战争,8月25日红军的主力部队改编为国民革命军第八路军,简称八路军,9月11日改称国民革命军第十八集团军。
主要战役:平型关大捷、百团大战。
在江西、福建、广东、湖南、湖北、河南、浙江、安徽八省十四个地区的红军游击队集中起来,10月2日改编为“国民革命军陆军新编第四军”,简称新四军。
1945年,同盟国中国战区第二战区副司令长官兼八路军总司令朱德批下七道抗日反攻命令,并在其中第四道命令中首次提出“人民解放军”一词。
中国抗日战争胜利后,1945年中共领导下的关内各解放区部队大批进入东北地区,10月31日和东北抗日联军等组成东北人民自治军,1946年1月14日,东北人民自治军改称东北民主联军。
1946年中国爆发国共内战,解放区各部队由八路军、新四军、东北民主联军等陆续改称人民解放军,编成了五大野战军。
经过数年的国共内战,推翻了国民政府的统治,后又进军西藏,统一了中国大陆。
1947.6 刘伯承、邓小平率领晋冀鲁豫野战军主力千里跃进大别山;陈赓、谢富治率晋冀鲁豫野战军太岳兵团挺进豫西;陈毅、粟裕率华东野战军转战苏鲁豫皖地区。
三路大军突出国民党军队的包围圈后,展开外线机动作战。
在黄河以南、长江以北,西起汉水,东至海边的广大中原地区向国民党军队发起战略反攻。
2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研辅导班真题分享笔记各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
24.(华佗)首创中医病历,《三国演义》中为关羽刮骨疗伤的故事写的就是他。
25.晋代(王叔和)编写的(《脉经》)一书详细描述了脉象所反映的各种病状。
26.隋代(巢元方)等人编写的(《诸病源候论》)专门描述病情、分析病理,对诸多病症确定了病名。
27.唐政府编写的《新修本草》是我国第一部国家药典,也是世界上最早的国家药典。
28.金元四大家(派别名称以及代表人物):(1)泻火派,代表人物:刘河间(2)补土派,代表人物:李东恒(3)攻邪派,代表人物:张子河(4)养阴派,代表人物:朱丹溪。
29.针灸:用针、灸的两种方法刺激特定的穴位,以达到温通经脉、调和气血、消除病因的目的。
30.针灸依据的理论是(经络学说)。
31.(黄甫谧)的(《针灸甲乙经》)是世界上最早的针灸学专著。
32.明代三大针灸巨著:《针灸大成》、《针灸大全》、《针灸聚英》。
33.(《尚书"洛诰》)记载西周初年在建造洛阳城时绘有洛邑一带的地图。
34.(《管子"地图篇》)已经将山川、道路、城郭的位置与大小列入了地图绘制必备的内容。
35.晋代制图学家(裴秀)确定“以一寸为百里”,把十进位应用于制图方面,中国人比阿拉伯人和欧洲人早了(一千年)。
36.《徐霞客游记》对(西南地区)的石灰岩面貌进行了深入考察和描写。
37.四大发明:造纸术、指南针、火药、印刷术。
38.蔡侯纸:东汉蔡伦改进了造纸术,用树皮、麻头、破布等多种植物纤维造纸,并且大大提高了纸的质量,史称“蔡侯纸”。
39.《管子"地数篇》中记载了我国人民发现的天然磁石吸铁的性质和指示南北的性状。
40.司南:人们利用天然磁石的特性制成了最初的指南针“司南”其形状象一把小勺子,底部圆形,置于平滑的刻有二十四向的地盘上,勺柄就会自动转向南方,但因地盘与司南底部产生的摩擦,所以测方向难以准确。
2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研辅导班9、文艺复兴:是14-17世纪初欧洲一系列新兴资产阶级思想文化运动的总称。
它以发掘、整理和研究古希腊罗马的文化遗产、复兴古典文化为标志,并借此反对封建观念和中世纪宗教教义的束缚,建立适应新兴资产阶级的新思想新文化。
文艺复兴开辟了欧洲历史上的新纪元,是西方近代文化的开端。
10、人文主义:人文主义是文艺复兴时期新兴资产阶级反封建反教会斗争中形成的思想体系,也是这一时期进步文学的中心思想。
主要内容表现在:用人权反对神权,用个性解放反对禁欲主义,用理性反对蒙昧主义,在政治思想上拥护中央集权,反对封建割据。
其中以人为本的思想和理性精神来自古希腊罗马文化,其平等、博爱的思想来自基督教精神,因此人文主义可以说是古代文化与中世纪文化的继承和发展。
11、彼特拉克:是意大利人文主义文学的先驱,代表作《歌集》歌颂诗人的爱情,表达作者追求世俗生活的幸福观。
《歌集》创造性地运用了意大利民歌的十四行诗体,使之成为欧洲诗歌中的一种新诗体。
12、《十日谈》:是意大利作家薄伽丘的代表作,宣扬幸福在人间的现世理想,反对禁欲主义,用冷嘲热讽的手法揭露腐败的罗马教廷。
作者运用框形构,把100个故事编织起来,构成完整统一的整体,为意大利散文奠定了基础。
13、流浪汉小说:产生于16世纪中叶,它受中世纪市民文学的影响,以城市下层人物的活动为中心,以人物流浪史的形式,幽默俏皮的风格,简洁流畅的语言,广泛反映当时的社会生活。
小说一般采用第一人称,描写主人公的所见所闻,对欧洲近代长篇小说产生深远影响。
代表作为西班牙无名氏的《小癞子》。
14、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》:是莎士比亚早期创作中一部具有强烈反封建意识的爱情悲剧。
青年男女罗密欧与朱丽叶,为了争取自由幸福,不惜以生命殉情,最终使家族世仇得到和解,这是一曲爱情的赞歌。
15、福斯塔夫:莎士比亚历史剧《亨利四世》中的人物,他是王子放浪形骸的酒友,既吹牛撒谎又幽默乐观,既无道德荣誉观念又无坏心,是一个成功的喜剧形象。
2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题笔记各位2016年考研的小伙伴们,欢迎大家来到才思教育,今天给大家着重的分析一下关于对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士MTI考研的相关内容。
百科知识车船使用税vehicle and vessel tax (Thirty-year-old Chen Xiaoyu asked the office on Tuesday to refund part of the vehicle and vessel tax he has paid this year because he, like all other Beijing drivers, is not able to drive one day each week as a result of the car limitation policy in the capital - the so-called "no-car day". 30岁的陈晓宇(音译)周二请(税务)局退还今年他所缴纳的部分车船使用税,因为他和所有其他北京驾车者一样,每周都有一天因为首都的“无车日”车辆限行政策而不能开车。
) 扯后腿hold (or pull) somebody back; be a drag on somebody车牌摇号license-plate lottery (Starting on Friday, car registration will be allocated by a license-plate lottery system. 从周五开始,车辆登记将采用车牌摇号的方式进行。
)扯皮shirk; pass the buck撤侨evacuation of nationals (China on Saturday decided to hasten evacuation of its nationals from Libya, as Chinese aviation authorities prepare 15 planes per day during the next two weeks to carry home citizens stranded in the northern African country. 我国于上周六决定加快从利比亚撤侨。
2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题分享笔记各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题及经验,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
百科知识部分一、填空(每空0.4分,共8分)(一)最早发现甲骨文的学者是_________。
(二)________残卷是现存最早的纸写本书。
(三)元朝_________在《农书》一书中记载了自己发明的制造木活字方法以及一整套印刷技术。
(四)端砚产于我国广东省__________市。
(五)中国的姓起源于__________氏族社会。
(六)唐朝的国号源于李渊祖父的封号,李渊的祖父李虎曾被追封为_________。
(七)万历是__________朝的年号。
(八)广西的全称是________________,新疆的全称是________________。
(九)未央宫和大明宫分别是__________和__________的建筑。
(十)我国著名私家园林个园,建在__________。
(十一)莫高窟又称__________。
(十二)有人把儒家十三部经典著作及比较好的注、疏、正义合刻在一起,名为________。
(十三)汉代实行以察举和__________为主的选举制度。
(十四)明清科举考试,乡试又称__________。
(十五)辛亥革命前我国采用的历法是_______历。
(十六)________是我国最大的碑刻艺术博物馆。
(十七)我国的七大古都是______、西安、洛阳、南京、开封、______、北京。
二、选择,把正确答案填入空处(每空0.4分,共4.8分)(一)一夫一妻制得到确定并成为主要婚姻形式是__________。
A.五帝时代B.夏代C.商代D.周代(二)坟茔竖立碑之风起于__________时代。
A.春秋B.战国C.秦代D.魏晋(三)清代三品武官补服上绣的兽是__________。
贸大翻硕——2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研集训营真题笔记各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
Passage BThe miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promises of the 20th century.The promise was assured economic security—even comfort—for essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth, that began in the 19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days—lack of food, warmth, shelter—would at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programs for the elderly (Social Security in the U.S.). Labour unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility—in some cases the promise—of lifetime employment plusguaranteed pensions? The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average person’s stance toward providing for himself had been. Ultimately I’m on my own. Now it became, ultimately I’ll be taken care of.The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible, and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security won’t provide social security for any of us.A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to defined contribution plans, which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(k). the significance of the 401(k) is that it puts most of the responsibility for a person’s economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how itgets invested—the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when the employee retires.Which brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’401(k) accounts. That is, the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certain proportion of each employee’s 401(k) contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second, Enron’s 401(k) accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401(k) assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn’t prudent, but it’s what some of them did.The Enron employees’retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security. That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to I’ll-be-taken-care-oftook at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. It won’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th-century quirk, and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that, like most people in most times and places, they’re on their own.6. Why does the author say at the beginning “The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”?A. Because the company has gone bankrupt.B. Because such events would never happen again.C. Because many Enron workers lost their retirement savings.D. Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.7. According to the passage, the combined efforts by governments, layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change inA. people’s outlook on life.B. people’s life styles.C. people’s living standard.D. people’s social values.8. Changes in pension schemes were also part ofA. the corporate lay-offs.B. the government cuts in welfare spending.C. the economic restructuring.D. the warning power of labors unions.9. Thousands of employees chose Enron as their sole investment option mainly becauseA. the 401(k) made them responsible for their own future.B. Enron offered to add company stock to their investment.C. their employers intended to cut back on pension spending.D. Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan.10. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster?A. The 401(k) assets should be placed in more than one investment option.B. Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.C. Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind.D. Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future young workers.Section 2 Answering questions (20’)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information fromthe passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.Questions 1~3For 40 years the sight of thousands of youngsters striding across the open moorland has been as much an annual fixture as spring itself. But the 2,400 school pupils who join the grueling Dartmoor Ten Tors Challenge next Saturday may be among the last to take part in the May tradition. The trek faces growing criticism from environmentalists who fear that the presence of so many walkers on one weekend threatens the survival of some of Dartmoor’s internationally rare bird species.The Ten Tors Challenge takes place in the middle of the breeding season, when the slightest disturbance can jeopardize birds’chances of reproducing successfully. Experts at the RSPB and the Dartmoor National Park Authority fear that the walkers could frighten birds and even crush eggs. They are now calling for the event to be moved to the autumn, when the breeding season is over and chicks should be well established. Organisers of the event, which is led by about 400 Territorial Army volunteers, say moving it would be impractical for several reasons and would mean pupils could not train properly for the 55-mile trek. Dartmoor is home to 10 rare species of ground-nesting birds, including golden plovers, dunlins and lapwings. In some cases, species are either down to their last two pairs on the moor or are facing a nationwide decline.Emma Parkin, South-west spokeswoman for the PASPB, took part in the challenge as a schoolgirl. She said the society had no objections to the event itself but simply wanted it moved to another time of year. “It is a wonderful activity for the children who take part but, having thousands of people walking past in one weekend when birds are breeding is hardly ideal,”she said. “We would prefer it to take place after the breeding and nesting season is over. There is a risk of destruction and disturbance. If the walkers put a foot in the wrong place they can crush the eggs and if there is sufficient disturbance the birds might abandon the nest.”Helen Booker, an RSPB upland conservation officer, said there was no research into the scale of the damage but there was little doubt the walk was detrimental. “If people are tramping past continually it can harm the chances of successful nesting. There is also the fear of direct trampling of eggs.”A spokesman for the Dartmoor National Park Authority said the breeding season on the moor lasted from early March to mid-July, and the Ten Tors Challenge created the potential for disturbance for March, when participants start training.To move the event to the autumn was difficult because children would be on holiday during the training period. There was a possibility that some schools in the Southwest move to a four-term year in 2004, “but until then any change was unlikely. The authority last surveyed bird life on Dartmoor two year ago and if the next survey showed any further decline, it would increase pressure to move the Challenge,”he said.Major Mike Pether, secretary of the army committee that organises the Challenge, said the event could be moved if there was the popular will. “The Ten Tors has been running for 42 years and it has always been at this time of the year. It is almost in tablets of stone but that’s not to say we won’t consider moving if there is a consensus in favour. However, although the RSPB would like it moved, 75 per cent of the people who take part want it to stay as it is,”he said. Major Pether said the trek could not be moved to earlier in the year because it would conflict with the lambing season, most of the children were on holiday in the summer, and the winter weather was too harsh. Datmoor National Park occupies some 54 sq km of hills topped by granite outcrops known as “Tors”with the highest Tor-capped hill reaching 621m. The valleys and dips between the hills are often sites of bogs to snare the unwary hiker. The moor has long been used by the British Army as a training and firing range. The origin of the event stretches back to 1959 when three Army officers exercising on the moor thought it would provide a challenge for civilians as well as soldiers. In the first year 203 youngsters took up the challenges. Since then teams, depending on age and ability, face hikes of 35, 45 or 55 miles between 10 nominated Tors over two days. They are expected to carry everything they need to survive.1. What is the Ten Tors Challenge? Give a brief introduction of its location and history.2. Why is it suggested that the event be moved to the autumn or other seasons?3. What are the difficulties if the event is moved to the autumn or other seasons?翻译硕士考研指导考试科目:1、政治,满分100分;2、翻译硕士英语(满分100分;3、英语语翻译基础(满分)150分;4、汉语写作和百科知识,满分150分。
贸大翻硕-2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研集训营笔记各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
老子老子学说的核心是“道”。
他认为“道”就是“无”。
这个“道”是“先天地生”的,是没有意志、没有具体形状、无声无息的,是无时无地不在的。
“道”即是宇宙万物的本源。
老子猜测到一切事物都有正反两面的对立,双方互相依存,相辅相成,如“有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相倾,声音相和,前后相随”;而且,事物对立的双方会互相转化,“正复为奇(反常),善复为妖”,“祸兮,福之所倚;福兮,祸之所伏”(《道德经》)。
老子思想消极悲观,他提出一个回复到“小国寡民”的远古时代的主张,“邻国相望,鸡犬之声相闻,民至老死不相往来”(《道德经》)。
他所向往的这种理想社会,实际上是保留着原始公社遗迹的早期奴隶社会。
老子论道道,可道,非常道;名,可名,非常名。
──《老子·道经》道生一,一生二,二生三,三生万物。
──《老子·德经》天下万物生于有,有生于无。
──《老子·德经》道常无为而无不为。
侯王若能守,万物将自化。
化而欲作,吾将镇之以无名之朴。
无名之朴,亦将不欲。
不欲以静,天下将自正。
──《老子·道经》老子的辩证法天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已;皆知善之为善,斯不善已。
故有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相倾,音声相和,前后相随。
──《老子·道经》曲则全,枉则正;洼则盈,弊则新;少则得,多则惑。
──《老子·道经》祸,福之所倚;福,祸之所伏。
熟知其极?──《老子·德经》老子的理想国小国寡民,使有什伯之器而不用,使人重死而不远徙。
虽有舟车,无所乘之;虽有甲兵,无所陈之。
使民复结绳而用之。
甘其食,美其服,安其居,乐其俗,邻国相望,鸡犬之声相闻,民至老死,不相往来。
2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研辅导班考研经验各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的经验,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
翻译硕士英语:看过真题就应该知道,题型分别是单选、文体错误、阅读和作文。
题型不多,要分别把握。
单选:考察点在于语法和经贸知识。
语法题不难,专四水平左右,平时基础好的背专八单词吧,基础薄弱点的还要学学语法,固定搭配比较多,同时要多读读英语,一来培养语感,二来商口毕竟是要口语的,也算是打基础了。
至于经贸知识,就要多阅读外刊,平时注意积累和巩固,据说是和外贸函电单选题差不多,大家可以在网上找找。
总之,单选不难,但俗话说会了才不难,还是不要掉以轻心。
文体错误:这个很简单,就是comma splice, run on, fragment, choppy这几种,只要弄懂都是什么意思就行了,具体的就不细写了,大家把真题做透就够了,别的学校也没这样题型可以参考。
可以现在弄懂,暑假再看看,国庆再看看,考前复习一下就好了。
阅读:阅读的重要性不用多说,重中之重。
贸大的阅读都是商务类型的,14年和15年的题源都是FT中文网的”金融英语速读“板块(/channel/speedread.html),不知道16年会怎么变化,大家还是要看这个,另外王关富的《商务英语阅读》、经济学人都要精读,此外,真题要反复做三到四遍,时间自己安排,还有专八阅读题挑财经类的做,如果这几项可以学精,完全够了。
写作:题型是图表作文,可以参考慎小嶷的《十天突破雅思写作》,另外就是真题了,大家要多写,而且作文也是经贸类的,图表背后都有一定的金融或财经背景知识,所以平时还是要多积累经贸知识,这个贸大很重视。
记住要多写哦~英语翻译基础:很多人觉得翻译靠量,每天翻译很多就行了,其实不然,量很重要,但总结更重要。
词组翻译:词组翻译重在积累,虽然也是经贸知识,但是没有范围,只有平时阅读外刊的时候多做笔记,平时上网看“中国日报-英语点津”之类的,也要注意新词热词的翻译,如“新常态”之类的,缩略语论坛里有相关的文档,可以查查。
2015年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研辅导班笔记各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
庄子庄子的相对论以道观之,物无贵贱;以物观之,自贵而相贱;以俗观之,贵贱不在己。
以差观之,因其所大而大之,则万物莫不大;因其所小而小之,则万物莫不小。
知天地之为稊米也,知毫末之为丘山也,则差数睹矣。
以功观之,因其所有而有之,则万物莫不有;因其所无而无之,则万物莫不无。
知东西之相反而不可以相无,则功分定矣。
以趣观之,因其所然而然之,则万物莫不然;因其所非而非之,则万物莫不非。
──《庄子·秋水》《庄子》寓言望洋兴叹、屠龙之技、鹏程万里、庖丁解牛、目无全牛游刃有余踌躇满志切中肯綮、井底之蛙、邯郸学步、薪火相传薪尽火传、明镜止水、道亦有道、见利忘危螳螂捕蝉,黄雀在后、每下愈况、东施效颦、相濡以沫、螳臂当车、捉襟见肘、每况愈下、盗亦有道、越俎代庖、朝三暮四、庄周梦蝶法家和韩非子法家是战国时期的一个重要学派,起源于春秋时期的管仲、子产,发展于战国时期的李悝、吴起、商鞅和申不害等人。
战国末期,韩非子集法家学说之大成。
法家要求巩固封建土地私有制,建立统一的君主国家。
提出重农抑商的观点,提倡耕战政策,以农致富,以战求强;厉行严刑峻法,监察官吏职守,建立官僚制度。
韩非子和李斯都是荀子的弟子。
韩非子写《孤愤》《五蠹》等文章,后集为《韩非子》韩非子认为历史是不断发展进步的。
“尧、舜、汤、武之道”“必为新圣笑矣”。
因此他主张“不期修古,不法常可”“世异则事异”“事异则备变”(《韩非子·五蠹》),根据实际来制定政策。
他的历史观,为当时地主阶级的改革提供了理论根据。
韩非子继承和总结了战国时期法家的思想和实践,提出了君主专制中央集权的理论。
他主张“事在四方,要在中央;圣人执要,四方来效”(《韩非子·物权》),国家的大权,要集中在君主(“圣人”)一人手里,君主必须有权有势,才能治理天下,“万乘之主,千乘之君,所以制天下而征诸侯者,以其威势也”(《韩非子·人主》)。
君主应该使用各种手段清除世袭的奴隶主贵族,选拔一批经过实践锻炼的封建官吏来取代他们。
韩非子还主张改革和实行法治,要求“废先王之教”(《韩非子·问田》),“以法为教”(《韩非子·五蠹》)。
他强调制定了“法”,就要严格执行,任何人也不能例外,做到“法不阿贵”“刑过不避大臣,赏善不遗匹夫”(《韩非子·有度》)。
只有实行严刑重罚,人民才会顺从,社会才能安定,封建统治才能巩固。
韩非子的这些主张,反映了新兴封建地主阶级的利益和要求,为结束诸侯割据,建立统一的中央集权的封建国家,提供了理论依据。
秦始皇统一中国后采取的许多政治措施,就是韩非子理论的应用和发展。
韩非子的法治理论赏莫如厚而信,使民利之;罚莫如重而必,使民畏之;法莫如一而固,使民知之。
──《韩非子·五蠹》法不阿贵,绳不挠曲。
法之所加,智者弗能辞,勇者弗敢争。
刑过不避大臣,赏善不遗匹夫。
故矫上之失,诘下之邪,治乱决缪,绌羡齐非,一民之轨,莫如法。
属官威民,退淫殆,止诈伪,莫如刑。
刑重则不敢以贵易贱,法审则上尊而不侵,上尊而不侵则主强,而守要,故先王贵之而传之。
──《韩非子·有度》国无常强,无常弱。
奉法者强则国强,奉法者弱则国弱。
──《韩非子·有度》废常、上贤则乱,舍法、任智则危。
故曰:“上法而不上贤。
”──《韩非子·忠孝》墨子及其主要思想墨子,名翟,鲁国人,生卒年在战国之初,约公元前468~公元前376年,墨家的创始人。
著有《墨子》。
他要求有一个社会秩序安定的政治局面,反对互相侵犯,要使“官无常贵,而民无终贱”,“强不执弱,众不劫寡,富不侮贫,贵不傲贱”。
战国时期,儒墨同为显学。
墨子的学说并没有深厚的理论基础,他的主张是针对现实社会存在的问题而发。
《墨子·鲁问》说:“凡入国,必择务而从事焉。
国家昏乱,则语之尚贤、尚同;国家贫,则语之节用、节葬;国家说音湛湎,则语之非乐、非命;国家遥僻无礼,则语之尊天、事鬼;国家务夺侵凌,即语之兼爱、非攻。
”墨子学说,在当时有很多下层人信从,而经过一个时期后,竟烟消云散。
墨子学说的基础是兼爱。
他的政治思想,有尚贤、尚同、非攻;属于经济方面的,有节用、节葬、非乐;属于哲学方面的,有天志、明鬼、非命;属于同敌对学派斗争的,有非儒。
墨子的有关思想若使天下兼相爱,爱人若爱其身,。
若使天下兼相爱,国与国不相攻,家与家不相乱,盗贼无有,君臣父子皆能孝慈,若此则天下治。
故圣人以治天下为事者,恶得不禁恶而劝爱?故天下兼相爱则治,交相恶则乱。
故子墨子曰:“不可以不劝爱人者,此也。
”──《墨子·兼爱上》是以知尚贤之为政本也。
故古者圣王甚尊尚贤而任使能,不党父兄,不偏贵富,不嬖颜色,贤者举而上之,富而贵之,以为官长;不肖者抑而废之,贫而贱之以为徒役,是以民皆劝其赏,畏其罚,相率而为贤。
……”对外经济贸易大学MTI翻译硕士考研Part I. Terminology and Phrase Translation(30%)Section One:1分期付款2购货确认书3蓝筹股4金本位5期货保证金6现金付款7资产负债表8离岸价9首付;预付定金10胜者全赢;胜者通吃Section Two:1Green GNP2multilateral trade3Permanent Member State of UNSC 4knock-out product5economic stimulus package6trade deficit7unlicensed operation8tertiary industry9overwhelming majority10unanimous approvalSection Three:1国民生产总值gross national product2国际标准化组织International Standardization Organization3知识产权intellectual property right4在家办公small office home office5美国有线新闻网Cable News Network6朝鲜人民民主共和国Democratic People's Republic of Korea7信用违约掉期Credit Default Swap8首次公开募股Initial Public Offerings9美国证券交易委员会United States Securities and Exchange Commission10全国人民代表大会National People's CongressPart II. Passage Translation(120%)Section One:在印度次大陆的边远地区,夜幕降临的时候,数亿人用不上电,靠蜡烛或煤油灯照明。
用小额短期贷款购买太阳能装置,小额借贷渐渐地给这些农村地区带来了光明。
缺电一直阻碍着那些地方的经济发展,限制了识字率的提高,损害了人们的健康。
赛瓦银行是一家小额信贷机构,其工作人员皮纳•沙赫说,“早先,太阳一落山,人们就干不了多少事了。
现在,采取不同的方法来利用太阳,人们提高了生产力,改善了健康状况,提高了社会经济地位。
”拉米本•瓦格里是一个菜贩,她贷款购买了一盏太阳能灯,夜晚挂在菜摊上照明。
一盏太阳能灯标价66 至112 美元,大约是瓦格里女士这样的人一周的收入。
瓦格里女士说:“这盏灯一照,蔬菜显得更新鲜了,而且这还比用煤油便宜,也没什么气味。
”她估计,有了这盏灯,她每晚可多挣300 卢比,合6 美元。
她说:“要是能用太阳省点钱,干嘛不呢?”在印度,太阳能项目往往能得到小额信贷机构的资助,这些项目正帮助这个国家减少碳排放,并在未来 4 年内实现使可再生能源的贡献率翻一番的目标,即6%,合25,000 兆瓦。
印度能源资源研究所(简称TERI)高级研究员普拉迪普•达迪奇称,不靠电网供电的电器,如太阳能灶和在白天吸收太阳能后可在夜间照明数小时之久的太阳能灯,将有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖。
他还说:“许多人用不上电,或只能用少量的电,而用煤油、柴油或柴火满足其能源需求,现在他们也能用上这些电器了。
这些电器不仅能满足他们的需求,还能提高他们的生活质量,减少碳排放量。
”Section Two:The Internet is helping promote the economic and social development of China. In the economic sector, the Internet has spread its influence into traditional industry, which leads to the emergence of new business models and service economy, generating new types of industries. The Internet is playing an increasingly important role in promoting economic restructuring and transforming the pattern of economic development.The Internet has become an engine promoting the economic development of China. ITincluding the Internet and its industry has made significant contributions to the rapid growth of the Chinese economy.The combination of the Internet and the real economy, the reform and enhancement of traditional industry through IT, have given an impetus to the restructuring of traditional industry and changing of the pattern of its development. The development and application of the Internet has given rise to the emergence of many new industries. Services for the development of industries such as industrial counseling, software service and outsourcing are mushrooming. The role of IT in promoting independent innovation, energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection has become ever more prominent. The Internet has emerged as a new strategic industry in China's development of low-carbon economy.The Chinese government will vigorously promote the development of websites featuring e-commerce and education, give impetus to the building of e-government,advocate the development of emerging media such as online radio and online television, and call for the provision of varied and rich Internet information services to satisfy the diversified, multi-leveled needs of information consumption./group/565488//s/articlelist_2964380531_0_3.html/blog/880292804/myBlogs。