常州市第一中学2006-2007学年度第一学期期中考试高一物(精)

2024年江苏省常州一中高三物理第一学期期中教学质量检测试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、一静止的铀核放出一个α粒子衰变成钍核，衰变方程为U→Th＋He，下列说法正确的是A．衰变后钍核的动能等于α粒子的动能B．衰变后钍核的动量大小等于α粒子的动量大小C．铀核的半衰期等于其放出一个α粒子所经历的时间D．衰变后α粒子与钍核的质量之和等于衰变前铀核的质量2、中国书法艺术历史悠久，某同学用毛笔练习书法，从基础笔画“横”开始练习。

如图，在楷书笔画中，长横的写法要领如下：起笔时一顿，然后向右行笔，收笔时略向右按，再向左回带。

该同学在水平桌面上平铺一张纸，为防止打滑，他在纸的左侧靠近边缘处用镇纸压住。

则关于向右行笔过程中物体的受力情况，说法正确的是A．笔对纸的压力一定大于毛笔的重力B．镇纸受到了向右的静摩擦力C．白纸受到了两个摩擦力的作用D．桌面受到了向左摩擦力作用3、如图所示，木块A与B的接触面是水平的，一起静止于斜面上。

轻弹簧呈水平状态，分别连结在斜面与物体A上。

关于木块A和B可能的受力个数，下列正确的是A．2个和3个B．3个和4个C ．4个和5个D ．5个和6个4、物体放在动摩擦因数为μ的水平地面上，受到一水平拉力作用开始运动，运动的速度随时间变化关系和拉力随时间变化关系分别如图甲、乙所示．由图象可知动摩擦因数μ为（210g m s =）（ ）A ．0.1B ．0.2C ．0.3D ．0.45、在物理学发展史上，伽利略、牛顿等许许多多科学家为物理学的发展做了巨大贡献．以下选项中符合伽利略和牛顿观点的是（ ）A ．两匹马拉车比一匹马拉车跑得快，这说明：物体受力越大则速度就越大B ．人在沿直线加速前进的车厢内，竖直向上跳起后，将落在起跳点的后方C ．两物体从同一高度做自由落体运动，较轻的物体下落较慢D ．一个运动的物体，如果不再受力了，它总会逐渐停下来，这说明：静止状态才是物体不受力时的“自然状态”6、如图所示，光滑的斜面倾角为α，固定在水平面上。

江苏省常州高级中学高一物理上册第一学期期中考试题一、选择题1．如图所示是A、B两质点从同一地点运动的x﹣t图象，则下列说法正确的是（）A．B质点做曲线运动B．A质点2s时的速度为20m/sC．B质点前4s做加速运动，4秒后做减速运动D．前4s内B的位移比A要大2．粗细均匀的电线架在A、B两根电线杆之间．由于热胀冷缩，电线在夏、冬两季呈现如图所示的两种形状，若电线杆始终处于竖直状态，下列说法中正确的是（）A．冬季，电线对电线杆的拉力较大B．夏季，电线对电线杆的拉力较大C．夏季与冬季，电线对电线杆的拉力一样大D．夏季，电线杆对地的压力较大3．下列各组物理量中，全部是矢量的是()A．位移、时间、速度、加速度B．加速度、位移、速度变化量、平均速度C．力、速率、位移、加速度D．位移、路程、时间、加速度4．下列情况中，能将某同学看成质点的是（）A．研究某同学上课时的坐姿B．研究某同学打篮球时投篮的动作C．研究某同学军训时踢正步的动作D．研究某同学在运动会上进行3000m跑比赛时所用的时间5．如图所示，此时表演者静止在弯曲倾斜的竹竿上，则下列说法正确的是（）A．表演者对竹竿的弹力是由竹竿形变产生的B．表演者对竹竿的力竖直向下C．表演者对竹竿的摩擦力一定为零D．表演者对竹竿的力大于竹竿对表演者的力6．一辆汽车由静止开始做匀速直线运动，从开始运动到驶过第一个100m距离时，速度增加了10m/s，汽车驶过第二个100m时，速度的增加量是A．4.1m/s B．8.2m/s C．10m/s D．20m/s7．将一小物体以初速度v0竖直上抛，若物体所受的空气阻力的大小不变，则小物体到达最高点的最后一秒和离开最高点的第一秒时间内通过的路程x1和x2，速度的变化量Δv1和Δv2的大小关系A．x1＝x2B．x1＜x2C．Δv1＞Δv2D．Δv1＜Δv28．在轻绳的两端各拴一个小球，一人用手拿着上端的小球站在三楼的阳台上，放手让小球自由下落，两小球相继落地的时间差为t0．如果站在四楼的阳台上，放手让小球自由下落，则两小球相继落地的时间差将（）A．不变B．变大C．变小D．无法判断9．2018 年 10 月 23 日港珠澳大桥正式通车，它是目前世界上最长的跨海大桥，为香港、澳门、珠海三地提供了一条快捷通道。

常州第一中学高一上期中英语试卷常州市第一中学第一学期期中考试高一年级英语试卷本试卷共七大题满分100分考试时间120分钟一．听力（20x0.5′10′）I. 听下面5段对话，每段对话读一遍。

1. Where is his mother now A. At home B. In hospital C. At work2. How does the man feel about his job A. He enjoys it. B. He doesn’t like it at all C. He wants to find a new job3. What does the man mean A. It will take him a long time to help the woman. B. He can help her for a while. C. It won’t take a long time for him to help her.4. Where did the conversation most probably take place A. In a plane. B. In a coffee shop C. In a restaurant5. Why couldn’t the man get through A. The woman’s telephone was out of order. B. The woman’s receiver wasn’t put in the right place. C. The receiver of the telephone was broken. II. 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话读2遍。

听第6段材料回答6～7题。

6. How long did Mary have to stay in bed A. One day B. Two days C. The whole of last week7. Why does everybody seem to have a cold A. Because of the changing weather. B. Because one day is cold and the next day is colder. C. Because everybody doesn’t wear his thick coat. 听第7段材料回答8～10题8. How many times has Linda been to China A. Never B.Once C. Many times. 9. What is Linda doing A. She’s visiting the Great Wall. B. She’s doing sightseeing around the city. C. She’s enjoying Chinese food. 10. How is the weather A. Warm and rainy. B. Warm and fine C. Cool and sunny. 听第8段材料回答11～13题。

2006-2007学年第一学期期中考试高一年级化学试卷（满分：100分，考试时间：120分钟）原子量：S 32 Na 23 H 1 O 16 C 12 Ne 20 S 32 Cl 35.5 B r80 N 14 I2 127 K 39 Ca 40 Cu 64 Zn 65 Na 23 Mg 24 Al 27 Fe 56一、选择题（本题包括20小题，每小题2分，共40分。

各题只有一个正确答案。

）1、氯在自然界以化合物形态存在，18世纪70年代，首先发现并制得氯气的化学家是（）A、汉弗莱·戴维B、舍勒C、阿伏加德罗D、道尔顿2、在我们的日常生活中出现了“加碘食盐”、“增铁酱油”、“高钙牛奶”、“富硒茶叶”、“含氟牙膏”等商品。

这里的碘、铁、钙、硒、氟，应理解为（）A、单质B、分子C、元素D、氧化物3．据科学家预测，月球的土壤中吸附着数百万吨的32He，每百吨32He核聚变所释放出的能量相当于目前人类一年消耗的能量。

在地球上，氦元素主要以42He的形式存在。

下列说法正确的是：（）A．42He原子核内含有4个质子B．32He和42He互为同位素C．32He原子核内含有3个中子D．42He的最外层电子数为2，所以42He具有较强的金属性4．气体的体积主要由以下什么因素决定的：①气体分子的直径②气体物质的量的多少③气体分子间的平均距离④气体分子的相对分子质量（）A．①②B．①③C．②③D．②④5．做焰色反应实验用的铂丝，每试验一种样品后都必须（）A．用水洗涤2~3次后再使用B．用盐酸洗涤后，经蒸馏水冲洗，方可使用C．用滤纸擦干后才可使用D．用盐酸洗涤后，再在酒精灯火焰上灼烧到没有颜色，才可使用6．0.5mol Na2SO4中所含的Na+离子数为（）A．3.01×1023 B．6.02×1023 C．0.5 D．17.下列物质属于电解质的是A.石墨B.蔗糖C.稀硫酸D.NaC18.同温同压下，等质量的下列气体所占体积最大的A.HClB.H2SC.NH3D.O29.标准状况下，1.6L N2含有m个分子，则阿伏加德罗常数为A.14mB.28mC.m/28D.7m10．下列溶液中，跟100mL 0.5mol/L NaCl溶液所含的Cl－物质的量浓度相同的是（）A．100mL 0.5mol/L MgCl2溶液B．200mL 0.25mol/L AlCl3溶液C．50ml 1mol/L NaCl溶液D．25ml 0.5mol/L HCl溶液11、如图所示装配仪器，接通直流电源，电解饱和食盐水，则电解一段时间后，在碳棒和铁钉表面都有气体生成，其中碳棒表面生成的气体是（）A、Cl2B、O2C、H2D、HCl12、若上题中电解的是未精制的饱和食盐水，结果很快在某一电极附近出现浑浊现象。

常州市第一中学2006-2007学年度第一学期高一英语期中考试卷(无附听力材料) 一、听力 (共10分)第一节请听下面5段对话,选出最佳选项。

1. How does the man come here?A. By bus.B. By taxi.C. By car.2. Why isn’t Helen present?A. She forgot to come.B. She changed her decision.C. She wasn’t invited.3. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Mother and son.C. Doctor and patient.4. What’s the man’s job?A. A shop assistant.B. A tailor.C. A salesman.5. What does the man mean?A. He can’t go to the cinema.B. He can go to the cinema on Saturday morning.C. He can go to the cinema on Saturday evening.第二节请听下面5段对话或独白,选出最佳选项。

请听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. When will the man go on holiday?A. In spring.B. In summer.C. In winter.7. Where is the man going?A. Switzerland.B. Italy.C. Austria.请听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。

8. What is the man?A. A businessman.B. A salesman.C. A scientist.9. Where does this conversation most probably take place?A. On a train.B. On a bus.C. On a plane.10. Why is the woman traveling?A. She is traveling on holiday.B. She is traveling on business.C. She is traveling to give some lectures.请听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。

常州市第一中学2006－2007学年度第一学期期末试卷高二年级英语试卷出卷老师阮航卫一、听力（20’）第一节1. What do we know about Mrs Fisher?A.She is in hospital.B. She has no family.C. She will go abroad.2. Where does the conversation take place?A.In the streetB. In a hotelC. In a restaurant3. How soon will the man have to send the report?A.In four days.B. In five days.C. In six days4. What will the speakers most probably do?A.Go to a first-aid station.B.Try to find a quiet place.C.Take a walk around the city.5. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A.CousinsB. Mother and sonC. Aunt and nephew第二节T ext 66. What is the man?A.A flat managerB. An army officerC. A house designer7. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.The rental agreementB.The working conditionsC.The living surroundings8. How many complaints does the woman make?A.TwoB. ThreeC. FourT ext 79. What kind of woman does the man prefer?A.Managing houseworkB.Putting up new ideasC.Working from home10. What do we know about the man’s views on women?A.They are in line with the current views.B.They are quite progressive for the times.C.They mirror the views of old generations.11. What does the man most likely do for the rest of an evening?A.He stays with his friend and watches TV.B.He meets a woman who shares his interest.C.He returns home alone and stays with his dog.T ext 812. What does the man want to talk about in the discussion?A.Bringing up childrenB.Training children to be quietC.Helping children with their problems13. What should a mother do when her child is quietly playing?A.Talking with himB. Staying with himC. Doing her own work14. Why is a child always shouting according to the man?A.He is bored.B.He isn’t playing.C.His mother isn’t with him.T ext 915. When does the train arrive in Stratford?A.At 6: 05B. At 6: 15C. At 8: 0016. What is the woman eager to do?A.See a playB. Catch a trainC. Check in at a hotel17. What will the woman have enough time to do?A.Do some sightseeing.B.Have something to eatC.Visit St. Mary’s ChurchT ext 1018. What is the speaker?A.A waitress.B. An art collectorC. A tourist guide19. What is the speaker’s attitude toward the founders of the museum?A.AdmirationB. IndifferenceC. Disappointment20. What can we learn from the talk?A.The story of the West has been truthfully told.B.The African Americans contributed the most art.C.The museum has exhibits showing Western history.二、单项天空(15’)21. —I wonder why the manager was absent from yesterday’s conference?—______ he had been present?A. How comeB. What ifC. If onlyD. Why22. What the provincial government has been doing is ______ success. Now the preserved area has become _____ home to birds.A. \ ; aB. a; a C a; \ D \; \23. The traffic problem we are looking forward to seeing ______ should have attrac ted the local government’s attention.A. solvingB. solveC. to solveD. solved24. Don’t be so jealous ______ her. As you know, she is worthy of the praise for , she is so enthusiastic ______ and has been so devoted to the activities.A. about; ofB. about; aboutC. of; ofD. of; about25. The amazing news was ______ at the press conference held yesterday.A. sent outB. given outC. brought outD. thrown out26. _________ off my feet these days, I haven’t ______ for you to be interviewed this Saturday.A. Having rushed; arrangedB. Rushed; intendedC. Rushed; arrangedD. Having rushed; intended27. —Y ou seem nowhere to be found. What have you been doing?—I have been writing two papers at the same time, one on environmental protection, _______ on preventive measures to stop pollution.A. oneB. anotherC. the oneD. the others28. So far our research has been limited _____ safety of public transportation.A. to ensureB. in ensuringC. to ensuringD. for ensuring29. There is still no news of the car _____ in the snow.A. stickingB. being stuckC. stuckD. to stick30. Now that the boy is so dedicated to the training for an athlete, maybe he will ____ to the National Games one day.A. get itB. mean itC. do itD. make it31. —We didn’t find Xiao Ming attending a lecture.—No one ____ him about _____ a lecture the following day.A. told; there to beB. had told; there to beC. told; there wasD. had told; there being32. It was in the mid-1980s that cartoons began to take off in China, and _____ there were only picture-story books.A. after thatB. before whichC. before thatD. after which33. —Wha t’s the weather like in winter?—It’s _____ warmer in winter here than in your hometown.A. veryB. fairlyC. quiteD. rather34. As my money _____, I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand.A. has run outB. has been used upC. is running outD. is using up35. When the old man is alone, he often murmurs to himself _____.A. in habitB. out of the habitC. in the habitD. out of habit36. —Y ou ______ the party in time.—Sorry, I was held up by accident.A. are supposed to attendB. should attendC. could attendD. are supposed to have attended37. —It is said that the popular record has been sold out.—What a shame! How I regret that I didn’t buy _____.A. such oneB. any a suchC. no suchD. one such38. Jessica is a very religious girl; she believes that she is always _____ supported by her god.A. spirituallyB. typicallyC. mentallyD. separately39. The careless driver is _____ for the traffic ______ yesterday.A. to be blamed; that happenedB. to blame; having happenedC. to be blamed; having happenedD. to blame; that happened40. Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it _____ shopping and eating.A. refers toB. speaks ofC. comes toD. focuses on41. This is a good piece of work, _____ a few slight faults .A. besidesB. exceptC. in addition toD. apart from42. He is a strict but kind teacher, _____ is always trying to make his classes _____ and interesting.A. one; livelyB. the one who; liveC. the one; liveD. one who; lively43. Is it _______ he often plays truant to play games on the Internet ______ makes his parents angry with him?A. since; whatB. that; whatC. because; thatD. that; that44. If you _____ Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.A. shouldn’t contactB. didn’t contactC. weren’t to contactD. hadn’t contacted45. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ______ a sudden loud noise.A. being thereB. should there beC. there wasD. there having been46. The comments which he made ______ marketing bothered his boss greatly.A. being concernedB. concernedC. be concernedD. concerning47. I have been informed of when we ______ for London next year.A. will leaveB. leaveC. would leaveD. have left48. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they ______.A. were playingB. were to playC. had playedD. played49. —Why bother? There’s too much rubbish here. Y ou’ll never pick it all up.—Maybe not. But at least this part of the park ______ cleaner.A. will beB. wasC. has beenD. is50. —Which materials can be thrown into the sea ______ on the nature of them?—Sorry, I have no idea.A. dependsB. dependedC. dependingD. to depend三、完形填空（20’）As an educator and care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with AIDS. The relationships (交往) that I have had with them have been ___51___ in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great ___52___ can be found in the smallest of bodies. Let me tell you the story about Tyler.Tyler was ___53___ infected with AIDS; his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he had to depend on ___54___ to survive (存活). At times, he also needed extra oxygen to ___55___ his breathing.Tyler wasn’t ___56___ to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not ___57___ to find him playing and racing around his backyard. All of us were ___58___ at his pure joy in being ___59___ and the energy it gave him. Tyler’s mom often said to him jokingly that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in ___60___. In that way, when she looked through the window, she could quickly ___61___ him.Unfortunately, he grew quite ___62___ and so did his mother. ___63___ it became clear that he wasn’t going to survive, Tyler’s mom talked to him about ___64___, she comforted him by telling him that she was ___65___ too, and that she would be ___66___ him soon in heaven.A few days before his death, Tyler called me over to his hospital bed and ___67___, “I might die soon, I’m not ___68___. When I die, please dress me in red. Mom ___69___ she would come to heaven, too. I’ll be ___70___ when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.”51. A. gifts B. problems C. sufferings D. wonder52. A. fear B. kindness C. courage D. happiness53. A. soon B. first C. born D. found54. A. doctors B. medicine C. operations D. comforts55. A. continue B. last C. force D. support56. A. willing B. pleased C. sorry D. determined57. A. often B. unusual C. long D. nice58. A. happy B. sad C. wondering D. surprised59. A. playing B. alive C. loved D. running60. A. red B. green C. new clothes D. rags61. A. catch B. stop C. find D. help62. A. ill B. serious C. terrible D. pale63. A. Until B. Before C. Because D. When64. A. life B. death C. spirits D. heaven65. A. leaving B. ill C. dying D. afraid66. A. with B. for C. after D. around67. A. cried B. whispered C. suggested D. promised68. A. regretted B. longly C. ready D. frightened69. A. refused B. permitted C. promised D. agreed70. A. waiting B. dressed C. playing D. racing四、阅读理解（40’）AHe is only the second international basketball player after Y ao Ming to come top of the NBA draft (选秀). If that is not enough, his good looks are also expected to make Andrea Bargnani a hit with female fans. So keep an eye on him —Y ao’s potential new rival. Bargnani joined the Toronto Raptors (多伦多猛龙队) from Italian side Benetton Treviso. He agreed a two-year deal worth almost US$8 million.In his NBA summer league debut for the Raptors against the Washington Wizards (奇才队)，Bargnani netted 20 points and claimed 4 rebounds.The 20-year-old stands 2.09 metres tall and weighs in at 102.1 kilograms. He has already been compared to German superstar Dirk Nowitzki of the Dallas Mavericks (小牛队).Bargnani is particularly rated for his long-range ability, averaging a 43 per cent success rate with 3-point shots. His skills have earned the nickname “The Magician ”. “On the court I am always trying to give my best and I want to become a forward that uses my potential to the fullest, ” said Bargnani.71. The passage mainly tells us __________.A.Andrea Bargnani is a hit with female fans.B.He is called “The Magician”.C.Bargnani joined the Toronto Raptors.D.Bargnani is a potential NBA star.72. According to the passage, which of the following is not true?A.Bargnani is very good-looking, tall and strong.B.Dirk Nowitzki is a super star of Toronto Raptors.C.Y ao Ming is the first international basketball player to come top of the NBA draft.D.Before Bargnani joined Toronto Raptors, he belongs to Benetton Treviso.73. Why can we say Bargnani has been talented player for a while now?A.Bargnani netted 20 points and claimed 4 rebounds in his NBA summer league debut.B.Bargnani stands 2.09 metres tall and weighs in at 102.1 kilograms.’C.Bargnani has an average of a 43 per cent success rate with 3-point shots.D.Bargnani was popular with his female fans.74. Which of the following words has the similar meaning with the word “net” in Paragraph 2A. scoreB. beatC. leadD. enjoyBTickets for the 2008 Beijing summer Olympics will go on sale in early 2007, and those for the Game s’ opening ceremony and the finals of some hot events will be more expensive, according to the organizing committee of Beijing Olympic Games on Friday.“We will not unveil the tickets sales scheme until early next year, ”said Liu Jingmin, vice mayor of Beijing and vice executive (行政的) president of the Games’ organizing committee. “Except for those reserved for the Olympic family, most of the tickets will be sold on the market. Foreigners in 202 countries and regions worldwide can buy the tickets through their own Olympic committees, ” said Liu.The number of the tickets is yet to be determined, for some stadiums are still under construction and their seating capacity remains unknown. The ticket prices will undergo scientific survey and calculation, according to Liu.“We have conducted a poll (民意检测) on our official website to collect public opinions and constructive suggestions, to make sure that common people can afford the tickets, ” he said.But one thing is certain that the prices of the tickets for the opening ceremony and some popular events will be relatively high, said Liu. As to how and where to buy the 2008 Olympics tickets, Liu said the organizing committee is yet to come up with a decision.75. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A.Nothing is certain about the 2008 Olympics tickets.B.All of the 2008 Olympics tickets will be sold on the market.C.All the 2008 Olympics tickets will be of the same price.D.The Beijing Olympics tickets won’t be too expensive for ordinary people.76. The underlined word “unveil” in the second paragraph means “_______”.A. keep…secretB. make…publicC. not sellD. carry out77. What can you conclude from the passage?A.Some details about the 2008 Olympics tickets remain unknown.B.The prices of the tickets for the opening ceremony will be higher than those of the others.C.The Olympics family don’t need to buy the 2008 Olympics tickets.D.All the 2008 Olympics tickets will be sold in China.78. What is the passage most probably selected from?A. A book on sportsB. A newspaperC. A diaryD. A notebookCMark Shuttleworth is just 28 years old. He is about to feel out of this world. On April 22. Shuttleworth, who is a South American Internet millionaire, will set off for a dream trip to the International Space Station.“The training has been excellent,”Shuttleworth said from the Star city training center just outside Moscow, Russia. Taking a Russian Soyuz rocket, Shuttleworth will become the world’s second “Space tourist”. Last April, wealthy Californian businessman Dennis Tito paid Russia US $20 million for an eight-day trip to ISS. Tito, 60, helped science by taking some medical tests. Shuttleworth hates being called a tourist. He said he will take responsibility for radio and life support systems in the capsule (太空舱). By the time he leaves for ISS, Shuttleworth will have had about eight months of full-time training.“The training includes weightlessness and centrifuge (离心分离机) training, as well as learninghow to use communications and control systems,”he said. Shuttleworth will carry out three experiments in space for Africa. And he hopes to educate young people about space. “The task is causing excitement among scientists and school kids. I am very satisfied that it is worthwhile. ”Shuttleworth said.He will be met by astronauts at the Space Station, among whom is American Daniel Bursch. Living in space for more than one month now, Bursch has already missed some of the simple pleasures of Earth. In space he can’t, for example, enjoy taking a breath of fresh air on a winter morning.“My family is probably the number one thing I miss like the kids coming into my room and waking me up, ”Bursch said last month in a space-to-ground interview. Bursch landed at the station last December along with two co-workers. They will be on duty there for five and a half months.“We have a mixture of Russian and US food. It’s excellent, ” Bursch said. “But it surely would be nice to have a pizza and a beer! ”79. What is implied but not stated in the passage?A.Shuttleworth hates being called a tourist.B.Shuttleworth will do three experiments in space for the USA.C.The first space tourist is from the USA.D.Bursch has been in the space for more than one month now.80. Shuttleworth will set off to the International Space Station to _________.A.make him the world’s first “space tourist”B.make a trip to realize his dreamC.help scientists carry out some experimentsD.make himself known to the people in the world81. When Shuttleworth arrives at the Space Station, ________.A.he can communicate with his family his family by radio conveniently.B.he can meet many American astronautsC.he will be supplied with pizza and beer constantlyD.he will have the experience of weightlessness82. The underlined word “They” in the sixth paragraph refers to ________.A.two co-workersB.Shuttleworth and two co-workersC.Bursch and two co-workersD.Bursch, Shuttleworth and two co-workersDIn many countries, authority is seldom, if ever, questioned, either because it is highly respected or because it is feared. Sometimes, too, because rank has been important in certain societies for a long time, people have been trained never to question those in authority.In other countries, including America, children are trained to question and search for answers. When a child asks a question, he will often be told to go to the library and find the answer for himself. By the time students reach the age of 14 or 15, they may be developing exciting new ideas in all fields of science and arts. To encourage such creativity, there are many national prizes offered to students every year for their scientific discoveries and artistic accomplishments (成就). This interest in questioning and searching may be considered by some people as bad for young people’s manners, that young people lack respect for authority. This impression may be createdwhen visitors notice young Americans asking questions and arguing with older people. However, this is because many Americans have different attitudes toward authority that may exist in other areas of the world. In a work or business situation, ideas are freely and openly discussed and argued. It is important to remember that it is the person’s ideas that are being questioned, not the individual himself. The two are quite separate. The purpose of the searching, questioning, and arguing is to find the facts in a particular situation, and therefore a solution, so that the work of the business can progress in the most effective manner.83. According to the passage, the interest in questioning and searching ______.A.is bad for young people’s mannersB.results in a lack of respect for authorityC.helps to develop creativity and efficiencyD.does harm to the interpersonal relationship at work84. According to the passage, Americans’interest in questioning and searching shows that they ______.A.are rude in social conversationsB.have a strong desire to know about everythingC.desire a high degree of equality and individualityD.want to learn more facts and discuss ideas85. What can we learn from the passage?A.Authority should be respected and strictly followed.B.American youths should be more respectful to the authority.C.It is improper to question the ideas of your superiors and those of older and more experiencedmen.D.It is worthwhile to let students question the authority and find their own answ ers to questions.86. It can be seen that the author is _______ the American attitude towards authority.A. appreciative ofB. proud ofC. critical ofD. indifferent to (冷漠的)EWhy are so many people afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure in part of human condition and that, as the family therapist (治疗专家) V irginia Satir observes, “every person has the right to fail.”Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standard. A mother describes her child’s hastily made table as “Perfect!” even though it moves unsteadily on uneven legs. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails, his teacher is unfair or stupid.When one of my daughters was ten, she decided to raise money for charity by holding a carnival (嘉年华会). Proud of her, we hastily allowed her to put posters, all over town. We realized too late that she couldn’t possibly handle all the refreshments, shows, and games promised in the posters. The whole family pitched to prevent an embarrassing failure and the next year she advertised an even more ambitious carnival. Why not? We had kept her from discovering her imitations. The trouble with failure prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything. No one can win all the time and that it’s possible to enjoy a game even when you don’t win. A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t make the honor roll of the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation prize or say, “it doesn’t matter”,because it does. The youngster should be allowed to experience disappointment and then be helped to master it.Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts adults and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail”? Resist the natural impulse to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. If someone else can help, don’t be shy about inquiring.Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. Y ou can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even failure that seems definitive can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. After twelve years of studying ballet, a friend of mine came to a professional company for a job. She was turned down, “Would further training help”? she asked. The ballet master shook his head. “Y ou will never be an advancer”, he said. “Y ou haven’t the body for it”.In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock courageously, asking, “What have I left? What else can I do? ”My friend put away her toeshoes and moved into dance thereby, a field where she’s both competent and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there’s less to lose. Often there is renewal of energy —an awareness of new possibilities.87. The author implies that success _________.A.prepare us for life in the real worldB.provides us with much more freedom than failure doesC.is all that really mattersD.doesn’t encourage new thinking88. According to the passage ________.A.parents need to help their children discover their limitationB.parents need to help their children avoid failureC.parents should be aware of their children’s limitationsD.parents should tell their children about limitations89. Which sentence best expresses the central point of the selection?A.Success can come only after many failures.B.No one can succeed all the time.C.Everyone appreciates a good loser.e every failure as an opportunity for growth and improvement.90. Which of the following would be the best title for this selection?A.Teaching Y our Child to Success.B.Learning from FailureC.How to Be successful.D.Why We Are So Afraid of Failure.五、单词拼写（5’）91. When I stepped in, I found him sitting on the bed with his legs c_____.92. The moment the challenging task was a______, I couldn’t help but jump with joy.93. Only with the quality of good g______, can we buy them.94. If taking p_______ attitudes towards life, you will find life is so sweet and lovely.95. It would be greatly a_______ if you could offer me an opportunity to have a go.96. If you want to make enormous progress in your English studies, you will have to a______ a lot of vocabulary in your mind and practise more97. Though a_______ to the three of us, the seemingly tough task was completed in the giventime.98. After having been tried in court many times, he was declared i______ of the crime.99. There are still quite a few problems r_____ to be solved in the university, so the president looks a bit worried.100. I am still in a d_______ as to whether to accept his offer or turn it down.六、情景对话（5’）A: What exactly is your job?B: Our job is to make sure that the laws about pollution and waste arenot (101) b______. There are over thirty different pollution laws in the (101)__________ (102) s________ of New Y ork. (102)_________ A: When was the “Waste Watch” section (103) s_________. (103)_________ B: In 1981. There had been a lot of reports of pollution. So the govern-ment told the police (104) f______ to start up a special section. (104)_________ A: How bad was the situation?B: It was (105) p________ bad. Some firms were pouring waste (105)_________ (106) s_____ from their factories into the rivers. Some were pouring liquid (106)_________ waste onto dry land inside the factory. (107) O_______ were paying truck (107)_________ companies to take the waste out of town.A: So what do you do now?B: We look out for companies driving waste out of town. They need (108) (108)_________ p_______ to do this. And we check on companies whenever we getreports.A: Can you give an example?B: Y es. We had an idea one company was breaking the law. Once aweek a truck used to call at the company’s factory. It never (109) d______ (109)_________ anything, but we thought it was taking away waste. So we followed thetruck. We used an ordinary car, not a police car. At four o’clock the nextmorning, the truck drove to the port and started to (110) p______ the liquid (110)________ into the sea.七、写作（15’）假如你是学生会主席，请根据下列提示，在校园网上用英语写一份书面通知，通知你校即将举行一次英语演讲活动。

江苏省常州高级中学 高一年级第一学期期中质量检查物 理 试 卷说明：1. 以下题目的答案请全部填写在答卷纸上。

2. 本试卷分值为100分，考试时间90分钟。

一、单项选择题（本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意） 1．下列关于质点的说法正确的是A ．只有体积很小或质量很小的物体才可以看成质点B ．只有运动较慢的物体才可以看成质点C ．在所研究的问题中，物体的形状、大小可以忽略不计时，物体可以看成质点D ．在任何情况下，物体都可以看成质点 2．如图所示，某质点沿半径为r 的半圆弧由a 点运动到b 点，则它通过的位移和路程分别是A ．O ；OB ．2r ，向东；r πC ．r ，向东；r πD ．2r ，向东；2r3．A 、B 、C 三质点同时同地沿一直线运动，其x －t 图象如图所示，则在0～t 0这段时间内，下列说法中正确的是A ．质点A 的位移最大B ．质点B 的平均速度最小C ．三质点的路程相等D ．三质点平均速度一定不相等4．下列说法中正确的是 A ．重力就是地球对物体的吸引力B ．有规则形状的物体，其重心在物体的几何中心C ．两物体只要接触就一定有弹力存在D ．压力和支持力的方向都垂直物体的接触面5．甲、乙两物体在同一地点分别从４h 与h 高处开始同时做自由落体运动，若甲的质量是乙的4倍，则下列说法正确的是 A ．甲乙两物体同时落地B ．甲在空中运动的时间是乙的２倍C ．落地时甲的速度是乙的4倍D ． 甲乙两物体落地时速度相等6．做匀加速运动的列车出站时，车头经过站台时的速度为1m/s ，车尾经过站台时的速度为7m/s ，则列车中部经过站台时速度为A ．3.5m/sB ．4.0m/sC ．5.0m/sD ．5.5m/s7．甲、乙两物体同时从同一地点沿同一方向做直线运动的速度-时间图象如图所示，则A ．两物体两次相遇的时刻是2s 和6sB ．4s 后甲在乙前面C ．两物体相距最远的时刻是2s 末D ．乙物体先向前运动2s ，随后向后运动8． 如图所示，在一粗糙水平面上有两个质量分别为m 1和m 2的木块中间用一原长为L 、劲度系数为K 的轻弹簧连接起来，木块与地面间的滑动摩擦因数均为μ，现用一与水平方向成θ的力F 作用在m 1上如图所示，问两木块一起向左沿地面匀速运动时（弹簧形变在弹性限度内），它们之间的距离是 A. K g m μ1+L B. Kgm μ2+L C ．K g m m μ)+(+L 21 D. Kgm μθF 1—cos •二 、多项选择题（本题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分．每小题有多个选项符合题意．全部选对的得5分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错或不答的得0分） 9． 下列说法正确的是A ．木块放在桌面上所受到的向上的弹力是由于木块发生微小形变而产生的B ．木块放在桌面上对桌面的压力是由于木块发生微小形变而产生的C ．用细竹竿拨动水中的木头，木头受到的竹竿的弹力是由于木头发生形变而产生的D ．挂在电线下面的电灯对电线的拉力，是因为电灯发生微小形变而产生的10．如图所示，水平力F 将物体P 压在竖直墙上，物体P 始终处于静止状态，则下列判断中正确的是A ．若增大F ，则P 所受摩擦力增大B ．若增大F ，则P 所受摩擦力不变C ．若在P 上放一物体，则P 所受摩擦力增大D ．若在P 上放一物体，则P 所受摩擦力不变11．雨滴从高空由静止下落，由于空气阻力作用，其加速度逐渐减小，直到为零，在此过程中雨滴的运动情况是 A ．速度的变化率越来越小B ．速度不断增大，加速度为零时，速度最大C ．速度不断减小，加速度为零时，速度最小D ．速度一直保持不变12．在地面上将一个小球以20 m/s 的速度竖直向上抛出，则小球到达距抛出点15 m 的位置所经历的时间可能为（g = 10m/s 2）A ．1sB ．3s C．2 D．213．如图所示，重力大小为G 的木块放在倾角为θ的光滑斜面上，对木块施加一水平推力F ，木块相对于斜面静止，则木块对斜面的压力大小可表示为A ．22F G +B ．Gcos θC ．θsin FD ．Gcos θ+Fsin θ 三 、简答题（本题共2题，共计18分．把答案填在相应的横线上或按题目要求作答） 14．请在下面各图中画出处于静止状态的物体A 所受到作用力的示意图：15． 有关《探究小车速度随时间变化的规律》实验，完成下列问题：（1）实验中用到的打点计时器通常有两种，即电磁式打点计时器和电火花打点计时器工作电压分别是_____________和___________的交流电． （2）哪些操作对该实验是没有必要或是错误的（ ）A ．要用天平测出钩码质量B ．先启动打点计时器和后释放小车C ．在纸带上确定计时起点时，必须要用打出的第一个点D ．作图象时，必须要把描出的各点都要连在同一条曲线上（3）上图为一条做匀加速直线运动的纸带，图中A 、B 、C 、D 、E 为记数点，已知每两个记数点间有3个计时点未画出，若量得AB=5.90cm ，AC=6.74cm ，AD=8.40cm ，则v c = m/s ，v D = m/s ，a = m/s 2（计算结果保留三位有效数字）四、计算题（本题共4小题，共计38分．解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分．有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位．）16． 长100m 的列车通过1000m 的隧道，列车头刚进隧道时的速度是10m/s ，列车尾完全出隧道时的速度是12m/s ，求（1）列车通过隧道时的加速度是多大? （2）通过隧道所用时间是多少?图（1） 图（2）图（3）17． 汽车以v 0=10m/s 的速度在水平路面上匀速运动，刹车后经2s 速度变为6m/s ，求：（1）刹车后2s 内前进的距离和刹车过程中的加速度； （2）刹车后前进9m 所用的时间； （3）刹车后8s 内前进的距离。

2007-2008学年度江苏省常州一中高三第一学期第一阶段考试物理试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

共120分。

考试时间100分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共72分）一、单项选择题（3分×6=18分）1．如图，物体A靠在竖直墙面上，在竖直向上的力F作用下A、B保持静止。

物体A的受力个数为（）A．2 B．3 C．4 D．52．如图所示，PQS是固定于竖直平面内的光滑的1/4圆周轨道，圆心O在S 的正上方。

在O和P两点各有一质量为m的小物块a和b，从同一时刻开始，a自由下落，b沿圆弧下滑。

一下说法正确的是（）A．a比b先到达S，它们在S点的动量不相同B．b比a先到达S，它们在S点的动量不相同C．a比b先到达S，它们在S点的动量相同D．b比a先到达S，它们在S点的动量相同3．在匀强磁场中有一带电粒子做匀速圆周运动，当它运动到M点，突然与一不带电的静止粒子碰撞合为一体，碰撞后的运动轨迹应是图中的哪一个？（实线为原轨迹，虚线为碰后轨迹，且不计粒子的重力）（）4．2001年10月22日，欧洲航天局用卫星观测发现银河系中心有一个盐碱型黑洞，命名为MCG—30—15，由于黑洞的强大引力，周围物质大量掉入黑洞，假定银河系中心仅此一个黑洞，且太阳系绕银河系中心做匀速圆周运动，万有引力常量Ｇ为已知，则根据下列哪一组数据可估算该黑洞的质量（）A．地球绕太阳公转的周期和速度B．太阳的质量和运行速度C．太阳质量和到MCG—30—15的距离D．太阳运行速度和到MCG—30—15的距离5．在如图所示的电路中，电源的电动势为E ，内电阻为r,L1、L2是两个小灯泡。

闭合S后，两灯均能发光。

当滑动变阻器的滑片向右滑动时（）A．L1变暗，L2变暗B．L1变暗，L2变亮C．L1变亮，L2变暗D．L1变亮，L2变亮6．关于天然放射现象，叙述正确的是（）A．若使放射性物质的温度升高，其半衰期将减少B．β衰变所释放的电子是原子核外的电子电离形成的C．在α、β、γ这三种射线中，γ射线的穿透能力最强，α射线的电离能力最强D ．铀核（23892U ）衰变为铅核（20682U ）的过程中，要经过8次α衰变和10次β衰变二、多项选择题（5分×6=30分）7．如图所示，一闭合的小金属环用一根绝缘细杆挂在固定点O 处，使金属圆环在竖直线OO ′的两侧来回摆动的过程中穿过水平方向的匀强磁场区域，磁感线的方向和水平面垂直。

常州市第一中学2006－2007学年第二学期期初考试高二年级物理试卷（必修）一、选择题（每小题四个选项中只有一个选项是正确的。

每题2分，共40分） 1.关于重力的以下说法中，正确的是 （ B ）A.物体静止时受到的重力最大，沿水平面运动时的重力变小B.重力的方向总是竖直向下的C. 一个挂在绳子上的物体，它受到的重力就是绳对它的拉力D.重力的大小只决定于物体质量2.在力的合成中，下列关于两个分力与它们的合力的关系的说法中，正确的是（ D ） A.合力一定大于每一个分力 B.合力一定小于每一个分力C.合力的方向一定与分力的方向相同D.两个分力的夹角在0°～180°变化时，夹角越大合力越小 3.下列关于弹力产生的条件的说法中，正确的是：（ D ）A ．物体间不相互接触，也能产生弹力；B ．只要两物体接触就一定会产生弹力；C ．只有弹簧才能产生弹力；D ．两个物体直接接触且相互挤压发生形变才会产生弹力。

4.关于摩擦力的方向，下列说法中正确的是：（ B ） A ．摩擦力的方向总是和物体运动的方向相反； B ．滑动摩擦力的方向可能和物体运动的方向相同； C ．受静摩擦力作用的物体一定是静止的；D ．物体受的摩擦力的方向总是和物体的相对运动或相对运动趋势的方向相同。

5.有四位同学把斜面对重物的支持力3N ，分别画成如图1-2的四种情况，其中画正确的是（ A ）6.一个物体在五个共点恒力的作用下保持静止状态，则错误的说法是：（ C ） A ．这五个力的合力为零；B ．其中任何一个力必和其他四个力的合力的大小相等，方向相反；C ．若只撤除其中的一个力，物体仍可保持静止状态；D ．若只撤除其中的一个力，物体将沿此力方向的反方向向加速运动。

7.放在水平地面上的物块，受到一个与水平方向成θ角斜向下方的力F 的作用，物块在水平地面上做匀速直线运动，如图1-3所示。

如果保持力F 的大小不变，而使力F 与水平方向的夹角θ变小，那么，地面受到的压力N 和物块受到的摩擦力f 的变化情况是（ C ）A.N 变小，f 变大B.N 变大，f 变小C.N 变小，f 变小D.N 变大，f 变大 8.在图2-2的四个图象中，有一个是表示物体做匀速直线运动的图象。

2006年江苏常州市第一中学高一上学期期中考试物理试卷一、选择题（10⨯3分，1—5题中只有一个正确，6－10题有一个或几个正确）1．关于路程和位移的关系，下列说法正确的是（）A．物体沿直线向某一方向运动时，通过的路程就是位移B．物体沿直线向某一方向运动时，通过的路程等于位移的大小C．物体通过的路程不为零，位移也一定不为零D．物体的位移为零，路程也一定为零2．下列所说的速度中，哪个是平均速度（）A．百米赛跑的运动员以9.8m/s的速度冲过终点线B．返回地面的太空舱以11/s的速度落入太平洋C．由于堵车，在隧道内的车速仅为1.6m/sD．子弹以1000m/s的速度撞击在墙上3．关于弹力，下列说法中正确的是（）A．只要两个物体接触就一定有弹力产生B．支持力不一定垂直于支持面F=知，F越大，k越大C．由胡克定律kxD．弹力产生在直接接触而又发生弹性形变的两物体之间4．下列说法中，正确的是（）A．相互压紧并发生相对运动的物体间一定有摩擦力的作用B．摩擦力的方向总是与运动方向相反C．滑动摩擦力总是阻碍物体的运动D．滑动摩擦力总是阻碍物体的相对运动5．当两个共点力F1与F2的大小为以下的哪组数值时，其合力大小可能是4N。

这组是（）A．F1=8N，F2=3N B．F1=4N，F2=9NC．F1=3N，F2=3N D．F1=2N，F2=1N6．某物体沿直线运动，其v—t图象如图所示，则下列说法正确的是A．第1s内和第6s内速度方向相反B．第1s内和第6s内的加速度方向相反C．第2s内的加速度为零D．第6s末物体回到原出发点7．关于矢量和标量的说法中正确的是A．平均速度、瞬时速度和加速度都是矢量，速率、平均速率、时间和质量都是标量B．比较矢量大小，只要比较值的大小，而比较标量的大小要带（＋、－）符号进行C．矢量的合成满足平行四边形法则，标量的合成只要代数加减即可D ．矢量和标量没有严格的区别，同一个物理量有时是矢量，有时是标量 8．下列关于速度和加速度的说法中，正确的是A ．加速度与速度没有直接的联系，速度很大时，加速度可大可小也可负B ．当加速度与速度方向相同且又减小时，物体却做加速运动C ．物体的速度变化量越大，加速度越大D ．物体的速度变化越快，加速度越大 9、一物体做匀变速直线运动，下列说法正确的是A ．如果做匀加速直线运动，一段过程位移中点的速度大于时间中点的速度，如果是做匀减速直线运动，则时间中点的速度大于位移中点的速度B ．无论做匀加速还是匀减速直线运动，一段过程时间中点的速度总是小于位移中点的速度C ．无论做匀加速还是匀减速直线运动，一段过程时间中点的速度总是大于位移中点的速度D ．无论做匀加速还是匀减速直线运动，一段过程时间中点的速度总是等于位移中点的速度10、如图所示为一质量分布均匀的光滑圆柱体的横截面，O 为圆心，半径为R ．圆柱体横卧在两个光滑台阶A 和B 上，A 和B 分别为圆柱体和两个台阶的接触点，∠AOB ＝105°。