2020年8月自考00832英语词汇学试题及答案含评分标准

全国2012年7月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832I． Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1. Words can be classified into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.( )A. use frequencyB. notionC. originD. grammar2. In formal use, “pot” means “cooking utensil”. Whereas, when it means“marijuana”, it is a ______. ( )A. jargonB. terminologyC. slangD. argot3. Translation-loans are words and expressions formed from the existing material in the English language but modelled on the patterns taken from another language. For example, the English expression “long time no see” is from ______. ( )A. LatinB. ChineseC. GreekD. French4. The Germanic family consists of the four Northern European Languages:Norwegian, Icelandic, Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as ______ languages. ( )A. HellenicB. AlbanianC. CelticD. Scandinavian5. Which of the following is NOT the main source of new words? ( )A. The rapid development of modern science and technology.B. Social, economic and political changes.C. Environmental protection.D. The influence of other cultures and languages.页脚内容16. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ( )A. In modern times，borrowing brings less than ten percent of modern English vocabulary.B. Old English vocabulary was in essence Germanic with a small quantity of words borrowed from Latin and Scandinavian.C. The most important mode of vocabulary development in present-day English is creation of new words by means of word-formation.D. In early Middle English period，English，Latin，and Celtic existed side by side.7. There are ______ free morphemic words in the following words：worker, car, impossible，anger, politely. ( )A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 58. There is/are ______ stem(s)in the word“internationalists” ( )A 1 B. 2C. 3D. 49. The past tense marker“-ed”is pronounced as/t/in the following words EXCEPT ______.( )A. enabledB. workedC. jumpedD. helped10. The most productive ways of word-formation in modern English are thefollowing EXCEPT ______.( )A. affixationB. compoundingC. conversionD. blending11. The formation of new words by joining two or more stems is called ______. ( )A. clippingB. compoundingC. acronymyD. back-formation12. The word “pop” belongs to ______ clipping. ( )页脚内容2A. frontB. backC. front and backD. phrase13. The ______ meaning of words usually shows the attitude of approval of the speaker. ( )A. affectiveB. appreciativeC. pejorativeD. connotative14. Which of the following is NOT one of the associative meaning of a word? ( )A. Grammatical meaning.B. Stylistic meaning.C. Collocative meaning.D. Connotative meaning.15. ______ motivation explains the connection between the literal sense andfigurative sense of the word.( )A. MorphologicalB. OnomatopoeicC. SemanticD. Etymological16. Antonyms are classified on the basis of ______ opposition. ( )A. semanticB. euphemisticC. idiomaticD. grammatical17. Lion，elephant，tiger, turtle，sheep and snake are ______ of animal. ( )A. hyponymsB. synonymsC. collocationD. denomination18. As far as denotation is concerned，relative synonyms may differ ______.( )A. in the diachronic approachB. in the stylistic and emotive colouring of wordsC. in usage in simple termsD. in the range and intensity of meaning19. Borrowing has caused word-meaning changes，as indicated in“______formerly meant animal，and later animal from Latin and beast from French found their way into English ______.”( )A. deerB. cattleC. sheepD. bird页脚内容320. There are generally two major factors that cause changes in meaning，extra-linguistic factors and ______ factors within the language system. ( )A. functionalB. externalC. meaningfulD. internal21. ______ is a process by which a word of wider meaning acquires a specializedsense. For example，the original meaning of the word“meat” was food and the modern meaning is edible flesh. ( )A. ConversionB. ElevatingC. NarrowingD. Formation22. Which of the following is NOT a context clue? ( )A. Relevant details.B. Sentence structure.C. Synonymy.D. Antonymy.23. The sentence “I like Mary be tt er than John’’is ambiguous due to ______. ( )A. grammatical contextB. polysemyC. antonymyD. hyponymy24. In the sentence“Copernicus believed in a heliocentric universe，ratherthan in the geocentric theory”，the meaning of heliocentric call be inferred from the clue of ______.( )A. relevant detailsB. word structureC. antonymyD. hyponymy25. “Tooth and nail” is all idiom ______ in nature. ( )A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial26. Which of the following rhetorical features c an be seen in the idiom “wear and tear”? ( )A. Rhyme.B. Alliteration.C. Juxtaposition.D. Synecdoche.27. The idiom “play fair” was created probably by______. ( )A. seamenB. housewives页脚内容4C. sportsmenD. hunters28. Encyclopaedic dictionaries can be further divided into encyclopaedia and ______dictionaries. ( )A. 1inguisticB. encyclopaedicC. specializedD. unabridged29. LDCE is distinctive for the following features EXCEPT ______. ( )A. clear grammar codesB. usage notesC. 1anguage notesD. extra column30. Which of the following is NOT true for a Chinese-English Dictionary(revised Edition) (CED) (1995)? ( )A. It is a bilingual dictionary.B. It is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated.C. It cuts off the previous alphabetical order of entries.D. It boasts of the quality of the English equivalents it provides for its Chinese items.Ⅱ. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (15%)31. Content words are changing all the time whereas functional words are ______.32. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings, Middle Englishwas one of ______ endings.33. Derivational affixes can be further divided into prefixes and ______.34. “Motel” is a word formed through ______.35. Words like “bang, pingpong, miaow” are examples of ______ motivation.36. Contradictory terms do not show ______, as far as antonyms are concerned.37. Increased scientific knowledge and discovery are also important factors that account for thechange of word ______.38. Based on the ______ context, we can determine the meaning of “Sarcasm页脚内容5doesn’t become you” as “Sarcasm doesn’t suit you”.39. “Sing a different tune” is an idiom ______ in nature.40. British dictionaries gene rally use International Phonetic Alphabet to mark the ______.Ⅲ. Define the following terms. (15%)41. creation42. conversion43. homonymy44. lexical context45. deletion of idiomsⅣ. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)46. Please illustrate the logical relationships of the following terms: freemorphemes, bound root, derivational affixes, affixes, morphemes, inflectional affixes, bound morphemes.47. Prefixation and suffixation are two subclasses of affixation. Please defineprefixation and suffixation and explain the difference between them. Use “polite—impolite”, “happy—happiness” to illustrate your point.48. What are the four main sources of English synonyms?49. What are contextual clues? Guess the meaning of the words underlined inthe following sentences and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meaning.(a) Their greatest fear was of a conflagration, since fire would destroy theirflimsy wooden settlement before help could arrive.(b) As the fighting on all fronts reached its peak, the economy neared its nadir.V. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(20%)50. Comment on the following groups of words to illustrate types of meaning of页脚内容6words and their relationship.Group 1: “took, taught, became”Group 2: “have, has, had, had, having”51. Analyze and comment on three adjectives used in the following sentencesbased on synonym difference in connotation.[A] Look at that little boy.[B] Look at that small boy.[C] Look at that tiny boy.页脚内容7。

全国202X年10月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学真题课程代码：00832本卷子总分值100分，考试时间150分钟.考生答题考前须知：1.本卷全部真题必须在答题卡上作答。

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3.第二局部为非选择题。

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第—局部选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1.Of all the characteristics listed for the basic word stock the most important is____.A.all national characterB. collocabilityC. stabilityD. productivity2.Which of the following words is NOT one of the aliensA.Kowtow.B.Bazaar.C.Mother tongue.D.Status quo.3.Which of the following statements is NOT trueA.A word is the smallest form of a language.B.A word is a sound unity.C.A word has a given meaning.D.A word can be used freely in a sentence.4.The language used between 1150 and____is called Middle English.A. 1250B.1500C.1850D.17005.The five Romance languages, namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Roumanian all belong to the Italic through an intermediate language called ____.A. LatinB.GreekC.RussianD.Spanish6. Which of the following words does NOT belong to the words of French originA. Skirt.B.State.C.Roast.D.Crime.7.Which of the following words does NOT have a suffixA.Northward.B. Snowy.C. Happy.D. Worker.8.Derivational affixes are affixes added to other morphemes to create new words. Which of the following words does NOT have a derivational affixA. Reread.B. Prewar.C. Postwar.D. Postcard.9.How many free morphemic words are there in the following words: wind, man, reddish, collectionA. 1B.2C.3D.410.Which of the following words contains a number prefixA. Amoral.B. Disunite.C.Antiwar.D. Bicycle.11.Which of the following words is an example of blendingA. Smog.B. Sandwich.C.Quake.D. NATO.12.The verbal phrase “fall down〞can be turned into a noun compound as____.A. falling downB. downfallC.fall-downD. fallen-down13.The following words are onomatopoetically motivated words EXCEPT ____.A. bangB. miniskirtC.quackD. hiss14.The word “mother〞is often associated with “love〞，“care〞，“tenderness〞，“forgiving〞，etc. In this sense, the word “mother〞conveys____.A. connotative meaningB. stylistic meaningC. affective meaningD. collocative meaning15.Which of the following statements is trueA.Collocation cannot affect the meaning of words.B.Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.C.Affective meaning indicates the listenerattitude towards the person or thing in question.D.Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs and stylistic features of words.16.Words are____symbols and independent identities so far as their outer facet — spelling and pronunciation, is concerned.A. arbitraryB. clearC.traditionalD.cultural17.When a word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning, which is called the primary meaning. Which of the following is the primary m eaning of the word “face〞？A. A surface of a thing.B. The topography (of an area).C. The front of the head.D. Outward aspect.18.“Comprehend〞and “understand〞are synonyms, but “understand〞is used in a much more extended sense than “comprehend〞. The above example shows there is difference in ____between near-synonyms.A. denotationB. connotationC.applicationD. implication19.Word-meaning changes by the following modes EXCEPT____.A. narrowingB. broadeningC.transferD. elevation20.The word “journ al〞originally meant mere “daily paper〞，but now has come to include any “periodical〞. The above example reflects one type of changes in word meaning,that is，____.A. extensionB.narrowingC.degradationD. elevation21.Which of the following is one of the linguistic factors that cause the change of meaningA. Social classes.B. Scientific discovery.C. Psychological motives.D. Analogy.22.The meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs. This is what we call____context.A. lexicalB.grammaticalC.structuralD. non-linguistic23.Ambiguity often arises due to____，as is shown in the sentence “He is a hard businessman"，in which “hard〞can mean both “hardworking〞and “difficult〞.A. polysemyB.homonymyC.synonymyD. antonymy24.The context clue used in “It’s just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors — those tiny parts ofa computer commonly known as ‘silicon chip’〞is____.A. definitionB.explanationC. exampleD. relevant details25.Which of the following is NOT one type of figures of speechA. Addition.B.Personification.C. Euphemism,D. Metaphor.26.Which of the following rhetorical features can be seen in the idiom “bag and baggage〞？A. Rhyme.B. Alliteration.C. Juxtaposition.D. Synecdoche.27.The change in the idiom “take short views〞from the origin al form “take long views〞is____.A. dismemberingB.position-shiftingC. replacementD. shortening28.Which of the following is NOT one of the three good general dictionariesA.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.B.Webster's Third New International Dictionary.C.A Chinese-English Dictionary.D.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary,29.Readers will usually find the following areas of information of a word in a general dictionary EXCEPT____.A. difference with its synonymsB. definitionC. pronunciationD. usage30.American dictionaries generally use____ to mark the pronunciation.A. British Phonetic AlphabetB. American Phonetic AlphabetC. International Phonetic AlphabetD. Webster’s Phoneti c Alphabet非选择题局部考前须知：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在真题卷上。

《英语词汇学》自考真题试题及答案解析总分：102分题量：51题一、单选题（共51题，共0分）1.“Woman”becomes“Frau”inGerman,“femme”inFrenchand“fùnǔ”inChinese.Thisexampleshowsthatindifferentlanguagesthesameconceptcanbe representedbydifferent______.A.soundsB.formsC.unitiesD.meanings正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析2.Thefollowingwordsofthebasicwordstockdenotethemostcommonthingsandphe nomenaoftheworldaroundusEXCEPT______.A.fireB.hotC.photoscanningD.sister正确答案：C本题解析：暂无解析3.Aliensareborrowedwordswhichhaveretainedtheiroriginalpronunciationan dspelling.WhichofthefollowingwordscomesfromChinese?A.BazaarB.KowtowC.RajahD.Blitzkrieg正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析4.TheIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilyismadeupofthelanguagesofthefollowingE XCEPT______.A.EuropeB.theFarEastC.IndiaD.theNearEast正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析5.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthemainsourcesofnewwordsinthepresent-d ayEnglishvocabulary?A.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology.B.Social,economicandpoliticalchangesC.Theinvasionofforeigncountries.D.Theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguages.正确答案：C本题解析：暂无解析6.ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthefollowingchannelsEXCEPT___ ___.A.creationB.borrowingC.semanticchangeD.lexicalchange正确答案：D本题解析：暂无解析7.Howmanymonomorphemicwordsarethereinthefollowingwords?catsbossworkim propertriedA.1B.2C.3D.4正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析8.Amongthefollowingwords,“______”doesNOThaveinflectionalaffixes.A.likedB.children’sC.happierD.it’s正确答案：D本题解析：暂无解析9.WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOThavesuffixes?A.NorthwardB.WidenC.HappyD.Worker.正确答案：C本题解析：暂无解析10.Amongthefollowingwords,“______”containsanegativeprefix.A.amoralB.de-composeC.antiwarD.foretell正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析11.Fromtheviewpointofwordformation,theword“smog”isa______.poundB.conversionC.clippingD.blending正确答案：D本题解析：暂无解析12.Whichofthefollowingispartiallyconverted?A.AwhiteB.AdrunkC.ThepoorD.Finals正确答案：C本题解析：暂无解析13.Onecanfigureoutthemeaningof“airmail”tobe“mailbyair”byits______.A.onomatopoeicmotivationB.morphologicalmotivationC.semanticmotivationD.etymologicalmotivation正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析14.Whenareadercomesacrosstheword“home”inhisreading,thewordmayremindhimofhis“family,friends,warmth,safety,etc.”Inthissense,theword“home”conveys______.A.connotativemeaningB.stylisticmeaningC.affectivemeaningD.collocativemeaning正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析15.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Grammaticalmeaningreferstothepartofspeech,tensesofverbsandstylistic featuresofwords.B.Unlikeconceptualmeaning,associativemeaningisunstableandindeterminat e.C.Affectivemeaningindicatesthelistener’sattitudetowardsthepersonorthinginquestionD.Collocationcannotaffectthemeaningofwords.正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析16.Wordsthatareidenticalonlyinspellingbutdifferentinsoundandmeaningar ecalled______.A.perfecthomonymsB.homographsC.homophonesD.homonyms正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析17.ThedifferencesbetweensynonymsexistinthefollowingareasEXCEPT______.A.denotationB.connotationC.referenceD.application正确答案：C本题解析：暂无解析18.“Apple,pear,peach,orange,lemon,etc.”makeupthe______of“fruit”.A.synonymsB.homonymsC.superordinatetermD.semanticfield正确答案：D本题解析：暂无解析19.______ofmeaningisaprocessbywhichawordthatoriginallyhadaspecialized meaninghasnowbecomegeneralized.A.DegradationB.ElevationC.ExtensionD.Specilization正确答案：C本题解析：暂无解析20.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneoftheextra-linguisticfactorsthatcausech angesinmeaning?A.Culturalreason.B.HistoricalreasonC.ClassreasonD.Psychologicalreason正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析21.Theword“minister”originallymeant“aservant”,butnowhaschangedto “aheadofaministry”.Thisprocessofmeaningchangeiscalled______.A.extensionB.elevationC.degradationD.specialization正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析22.Ingrammaticalcontext,themeaningofawordmaybeinfluencedbythe______in whichitoccurs.A.structureB.sentenceC.phraseD.clause正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析23.Thereisanambiguityinthesentence“Heisahardbusinessman”dueto______.A.polysemyB.homonymyC.synonymyD.antonymy正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析24.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthecontextclues?A.DefinitionB.PolysemyC.SynonymyD.Antonymy.正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析25.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthecharacteristicsofidioms?A.Thepartofspeechofeachelementinanidiomisveryimportant.B.Theconstituentsofidiomscaneplaced.’tberC.Thewordorderinanidiomcan’tbechanged.D.Anidiomfunctionsasoneword.正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析26.Idiomsnominalinnaturehavea(n)______asthekeywordineachandfunctionas anouninsentences.A.verbB.adjectiveC.prepositionD.noun正确答案：D本题解析：暂无解析27.Lexicalmanipulationisoneaspectoftherhetoricalfeaturesofidioms.Thef ollowingEXCEPT______belongtolexicalmanipulation.A.alliterationB.reiterationC.repetitionD.juxtaposition正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析28.OxfordAdvancedLearnersDictionary’,3rdEdition(1980),isamongthebest -knownBritish______dictionaries.A.unabridgedB.deskC.pocketD.bilingual正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析29.Generally,adictionarycoversthefollowingcontentsEXCEPT______.A.spellingB.pronunciationC.definitionD.syntacticalrules正确答案：D本题解析：暂无解析30.CollinsCOBUILDEnglishLanguageDictionary(1987)hassomeuniquefeatures suchasdefinition,extracolumnand______.A.pronunciationB.grammarcodesageexamplesnguagecodes正确答案：C本题解析：暂无解析31.Theprofessorworkedfor7hoursata________.A.stretchB.extendC.expandD.prolong正确答案：A本题解析：此题考查的是固定词组搭配。

(英语词汇学)00832自考重点试卷（一）pletethefollowingstatementorpassagewithproperexpressions.〔每题1分，共10分〕1.Archaismsarewordsnolongerin_________useor_______inuse.2.Awordwhosemeaningwasborrowedfromanotherlanguageiscalled_________.3.TheIndo-Europeanlanguageismadeupofmostofthelanguagesof_____；_______；_____.4.Aboundrootisthatpartofthewordthatcarriesthe_______meaningjustlikea________.InEnglish，boundrootsareeither_______or_________.5.Affixesareformsthatare________towordsorwordelementstomodifymeaningorfunction.Wecanputthemintotw ogroups：________and________.6.TheexpansionofvocabularyinmodernEnglishdependschieflyon______.Themostproductiveare_________，________and________.7.Acompoundisaunitconsistingofmorethanonestemandfunctioningboth________and______asasingleword.8.Whenawordisfirstcoined，itisalways______.Butinthecourseofdevelopment，thesamesymbolmustbeusedtoexpressmoremeanings，theresultis________.9.SynonymscanbedefinedasoneoftwoormorewordsintheEnglishlanguagewhichhavethesameorverynearlythesam e_______meaning.10.Synonymscanbeclassifiedintotwomajorgroups：________and_________.II.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.〔每题1分，共10分〕1.OldEnglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguage.〔〕2.ModernEnglishisconsideredtobeananalyticlanguage.〔〕3.Themostimportantmodeofvocabularydevelopmentinpresent-dayEnglishiscreationofnewwordsbymeansofwor dformation.〔〕4.MiddleEnglishabsorbedatremendousnumberofforeignwordsbutwithlittlechangeinwordendings.〔〕5.Themeaningofacompoundisusuallythecombinationofthestems.〔〕6.Acompoundfunctionsasasinglegrammaticalunit，sotheinternalstructurecannotbechanged.〔〕7.Suchwordsasthepoorer，thedeparted，aRepublicanareallexamplesofpartialconversion.〔〕8.Wordsmainlyinvolvedinconversionarenouns，verbsandadverbs.〔〕9.Semanticunityandstructuralstabilityaregeneralfeaturesofidioms，buttherearemanyexceptions.〔〕10.Idiomsarecharacterizedbyterseness，expressivenessandvividness.〔〕III.Fillineachblandwithawordcontraryinmeaningtothewordgiveninthebracket.〔每题2分，共20分〕1.Beadsandshellsare________formsofmoney.〔modern〕2.Ihavefinishedalltheexercises，Iam______done.〔partly〕3.Onahumidday，thereisalotof________intheair.〔dryness〕4.Mosquitoeswon'tbitejustanyone.Theylookforsomeone________.〔ordinary〕5.Ifyouwanttodrive，itis______tohaveadriver'slicense.〔unnecessary〕6.Thereisagreat_____inourpoliticalbeliefs.Weagreeonmostthings.〔difference〕7.Themansaid，“Iam________.Ididn'tdoit！”〔guilty〕8.Thesoldierstoodina______positionwhilethegeneralwalkedpasthim.〔relaxed〕9.Youwillhaveto______thestringinordertoopenthebox.〔tighten〕10.Noonelivesinthat______house.〔inhabited〕IV.Explainthefollowingterms：〔每题5分，共20分〕1.word2.affixes3.concept4.hyponymyV.Fillintheblankswiththefollowingverbalphrasesintheirsuitableforms：〔每题1分，共20分〕takeon；breakinto；biteinto；goabout；letout；drawup；setdown；holdonto；bringup；makeout；dryup；putout；livethrough；setoff；callfor；tearapart；buyoff；buildin；counton；sinkin1.1848wasayearofrevolutioninEurope；KarlMarxandFrederickEngelspublishedtheCommunistManifesto，andpoliticaldemonstration______thegreatcitiesofParis，Vienna，NaplesandBerlin.2.Withliberaldosesofcalomel，rhubarbandcastoroil，heslowlyimproved，andafterthreeweeks，he______histrousersandwaseagertoescapefromhisbed.3.Hetravelledtofoundlinghomes，prisonsandlunaticasylumsinhissearchforpeople.4.We________attopspeedthroughthenarrowstreetsofHiroshima.5.Iwasjustabouttomakemylittlebowofassent，whenthemeaningoftheselastwords_______，joltingmeoutofmysadreverie.6.Noonetalksaboutitanymore，andnoonewantsto，especially，thepeoplewhowerebornhereorwho______it.7.DuringdinnerMr.ChurchillsaidthataGermanattackonRussiawasnowcertain，andhethoughtthatHitlerwas______enlistingcapitalistandRightWingsympathiesinthiscountryandtheU.S.A.8.MyhusbandandIfindstrongsmokeoffensive.Wouldyoukindly_______that_______？9.Assumingthehotelmanwas______，theironlychance-aslimone-layinremovingthecarquickly.10.Whenrailroadsbegan______thedemandforsteamboatpilotsandtheCivilWarhaltedcommerce，MarkTwainleftthecountry.11.BythetimethetrialbeganonJuly10，ourtownof1500peoplehad_______acircus.12.AmongthemwasJohnButler，whohad_______theanti-evolutionlaw.13.Thenthecourt______astormofapplausethatsurpassedthatforBryan.14.Thefirst-andessential-stepinthestudyofanylanguageisobservingand______preciselywhathappenswhenn ativespeakersspeakit.15.By1976，theslumphadbegunto_______thebulk-carriertrade.16.Thekeytacticbehinditsstrategyof_______therichestsliceofthetradehasbeentomoveup-market-togowher etheThirdWorldcannotfollowintohigh-technologyinvestment.17.Sailorsandofficers______theirchoresasusualontheseships，amidpipingandloudspeakersquawks.18.Mr.Hopkinshas_______yourname.Heappearsimpressed，andthePresidenttoo，byyourexpertiseonlandingcraftandsoforth.19.He_________aSouthernwarwhoop.Inaflash，John，MckeanandFranklincrowdedaroundhim.20.Mr.Jefferson，Ican'tquite________whatitisyou'retalkingabout.VI.Questionsandanswers：〔每题10分，共20分〕1.Whatisextra-linguisticcontext？2.Whatisback-formation？本资料由广州自考网收集整理，更多自考资料请登录下载考试必看：自考一次通过的秘诀！。

《英语词汇学》00832自考模拟试卷（一）I. Complete the following statement or passage with proper expressions.（每题1分，共10分）1. Archaisms are words no longer in _________ use or _______ in use.2. A word whose meaning was borrowed from another language is called _________.3. The Indo - European language is made up of most of the languages of _____； _______； _____.4. A bound root is that part of the word that carries the _______ meaning just like a ________. In English， bound roots are either _______ or _________.5. Affixes are forms that are ________ to words or word elements to modify meaning or function. We can put them into two groups： ________ and ________.6. The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on ______. The most productive are _________， ________ and ________.7. A compound is a unit consisting of more than one stem and functioning both ________ and ______ as a single word.8. When a word is first coined， it is always ______. But in the course of development， the same symbol must be used to express more meanings， the result is ________.9. Synonyms can be defined as one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same _______ meaning.10. Synonyms can be classified into two major groups： ________ and _________.II. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.（每题1分，共10分）1. Old English was a highly inflected language. （）2. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language. （）3. The most important mode of vocabulary development in present - day English is creation of new words by means of word formation. （）4. Middle English absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but with little change in word endings. （）5. The meaning of a compound is usually the combination of the stems. （）6. A compound functions as a single grammatical unit， so the internal structure can not be changed. （）7. Such words as the poorer， the departed， a Republican are all examples of partial conversion. （）8. Words mainly involved in conversion are nouns， verbs and adverbs. （）9. Semantic unity and structural stability are general features of idioms， but there are many exceptions. （）10. Idioms are characterized by terseness， expressiveness and vividness. （）III. Fill in each bland with a word contrary in meaning to the word given in the bracket.（每题2分，共20分）1. Beads and shells are ________ forms of money. （modern）2. I have finished all the exercises， I am ______ done. （partly）3. On a humid day， there is a lot of ________ in the air. （dryness）4. Mosquitoes won't bite just anyone. They look for someone ________. （ordinary）5. If you want to drive， it is ______ to have a driver's license. （unnecessary）6. There is a great _____ in our political beliefs. We agree on most things. （difference）7. The man said， "I am ________. I didn't do it！" （guilty）8. The soldier stood in a ______ position while the general walked past him. （relaxed）9. You will have to ______ the string in order to open the box. （tighten）10. No one lives in that ______ house. （inhabited）IV. Explain the following terms：（每题5分，共20分）1. word2. affixes3. concept4. hyponymyV. Fill in the blanks with the following verbal phrases in their suitable forms：（每题1分，共20分）take on； break into； bite into ； go about； let out； draw up； set down； hold on to； bring up； make out； dry up； put out； live through； set off； call for； tear apart； buy off； build in； count on； sink in1. 1848 was a year of revolution in Europe； Karl Marx and Frederick Engels published the Communist Manifesto， and political demonstration ______ the great cities of Paris， Vienna， Naples and Berlin.2. With liberal doses of calomel， rhubarb and castor oil， he slowly improved， and after three weeks， he ______ his trousers and was eager to escape from his bed.3. He travelled to foundling homes， prisons and lunatic asylums in his search for people.4. We ________ at top speed through the narrow streets of Hiroshima.5. I was just about to make my little bow of assent， when the meaning of these last words _______，jolting me out of my sad reverie.6. No one talks about it any more， and no one wants to， especially， the people who were born here or who ______ it.7. During dinner Mr. Churchill said that a German attack on Russia was now certain， and he thought that Hitler was ______ enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies in this country and the U. S.A.8. My husband and I find strong smoke offensive. Would you kindly _______ that _______？9. Assuming the hotel man was ______， their only chance - a slim one - lay in removing the car quickly.10. When railroads began ______ the demand for steamboat pilots and the Civil War halted commerce，Mark Twain left the country.11. By the time the trial began on July 10， our town of 1500 people had _______ a circus.12. Among them was John Butler， who had _______ the anti - evolution law.13. Then the court ______ a storm of applause that surpassed that for Bryan.14. The first - and essential - step in the study of any language is observing and ______ precisely what happens when native speakers speak it.15. By 1976， the slump had begun to _______ the bulk - carrier trade.16. The key tactic behind its strategy of _______ the richest slice of the trade has been to move up - market - to go where the Third World cannot follow into high - technology investment.17. Sailors and officers ______ their chores as usual on these ships， amid piping and loudspeaker squawks.18. Mr. Hopkins has _______ your name. He appears impressed， and the President too， by your expertise on landing craft and so forth.19. He _________ a Southern war whoop. In a flash， John， Mckean and Franklin crowded around him.20. Mr. Jefferson， I can't quite ________ what it is you're talking about.VI. Questions and answers：（每题10分，共20分）1. What is extra - linguistic context？2. What is back - formation？本资料由广州自考网收集整理，更多自考资料请登录下载考试必看：自考一次通过的秘诀！。

自考英语词汇学00832重点及大题目录Chapter 1 (1)课文重点 (1)名词解释 (4)简答题 (4)Chapter 2 (5)课文重点 (5)名词解释 (6)简答题 (7)分析题 (7)Chapter 3 (7)课文重点 (7)名词解释 (8)简答题 (9)分析题 (9)Chapter 4 (9)课文重点 (9)名词解释 (12)简答题 (12)分析题 (13)Chapter 5 (13)课文重点 (13)名称解释 (15)简答题 (15)分析题 (16)Chapter 6 (16)课文重点 (16)名词解释 (19)简答题 (20)分析题 (21)Chapter 7 (22)课文重点 (22)名词解释 (23)简答题 (23)分析题 (23)Chapter 8 (24)课文重点 (24)名词解释 (24)简答题 (25)分析题 (25)Chapter 9 (26)课文重点 (26)名词解释 (28)简答题 (28)分析题................................................................................... 29Chapter 10 .. (29)课文重点 (29)名词解释 (30)简答题 (30)部分试卷中的大题 (31)2016-10 (31)2009-04 (32)Chapter 1课文重点1 - The definition of a word comprises the following points: (1) a minimal free form of a language; (2) a sound unity; (3) a unit of meaning; (4) a form that can function alone in a sentence.A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.1 词定义包括以下几点：（1 ）一门语言中最小的自由形式;（2 ）一个声音的统一体（3 ）一个意义单位;（4 ）在一个句子中独立起作用的一个形式。

自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！自考00832《英语词汇学》模拟试题（一）一、Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1. The criteria of words include________. A ：The criteria of words include. B ：all national character C ：a cluster of letters D ：sound unity2. If we classify English words by use frequency,the two types of words are________. A ：the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary B ：content words and functional words C ：native words and borrowed words D ：functional words and notional words3. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels:_______. A ：creation,conversion and borrowing B ：creation,borrowing and back­formation C ：creation,semantic change and borrowingD ：semantic change,borrowing and back­formation 4. Basic words are characterized with________. A ：polysemy B ：collocability C ：productivity D ：all the above5. More often than not,functional words mainly have________. A ：lexical meaning B ：associative meaning C ：collocative meaning D ：grammatical meaning6. The suffixes in words "clockwise","homeward" are_________. A ：noun suffixes B ：verb suffixes C ：adverb suffixes D ：adjective suffixes7. In English there are________types of motivation as far as the relationship between the sign and meaning is concerned. A ：2 B ：6 C ：4 D ：58. Which of the following about extra­linguistic context is true?自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！A ：It can be subdivided into extra­linguistic context and non­linguistic context.B ：It only refers to the physical situation or environment relating to the use of words.C ：It embraces the people,time,size and place.D ：It may extend to embrace the entire cultural background. 9. 9.The idiom "wide of the mark"is________. A ：adjectival in nature B ：verbal in nature C ：nominal in nature D ：adverbial in nature10. Idioms like "black sheep","new broom","a wet blanket"and"sit on the fence"are examples of________. A ：transfer B ：metonymy C ：metaphor D ：simile11. The idiom "might and main" uses________as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned. A ：alliteration B ：metaphor C ：metonymy D ：rhyme12. Which of the following prefixes can NOT be used to indicate time and order?A ：AB ：BC ：CD ：D13. Which of the following is NOT from back­formation? A ：To mass produce. B ：To lip read. C ：To nickname. D ：To chain smoke.14. Which kind of meaning is the meaning that is given in the dictionary and that forms the core of word meaning ？A ：Conceptual meaning.B ：Grammatical meaning.C ：Lexical meaning.自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！D ：Associative meaning.15. By "structural stability" of idioms,which of the following is right? A ：Many idioms are grammatically analyzable.B ：The constituents of idioms can not be replaced at random.C ：The constituents of idioms can be deleted.D ：More constituents can be added to idioms without changing their meanings. 16. Bilingual dictionaries involve________language(s). A ：one B ：two C ：three D ：four17. "Trumpet" is a(n)________motivated word. A ：morphologically B ：semanticallyC ：onomatopoeicallyD ：etymologically18. The meaning of the word "fond" changed from "foolish" to "affectionate" by mode of________. A ：extension B ：narrowing C ：elevation D ：degradation19. ________are those which cannot occur as separate words without being added to other morphemes. A ：Free rootsB ：Free morphemesC ：Bound morphemesD ：Meaningful units20. Words which have opposite meanings are called________. A ：synonyms B ：antonyms C ：homonyms D ：hyponyms21. The pair of words "respectable" and "respectful" has thesense of transfer respectively. A ：subjective,objective B ：objective,subjective C ：objective,objective D ：none of the above22. "Hopeless" is a________motivated word. A ：morphologically B ：onomatopoeically C ：semantically自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！D ：etymologically23. Extension is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become________. A ：generalized B ：expanded C ：elevated D ：degraded24. Of the following word­formation processes,________is the most productive. A ：clipping B ：blending C ：initialism D ：derivation25. The following are user­friendly features of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English EXCEPT________. A ：extra columnB ：clear grammar codesC ：usage notesD ：language notes26. For beginners and lower­intermediate learners,a dictionary is essential as they do not know enough________of the target language. A ：mono­lingual B ：bilingual C ：unabridged D ：specialized27. Readers cant find pronunciation or meaning in________. A ：Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English B ：The Encyclopedia AmericanaC ：Chambers Encyclopedic English DictionaryD ：Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary 28. The main body of a dictionary is________of words. A ：spellingsB ：pronunciationsC ：definitionsD ：grammar29. In the idiom "in good feather",we change "good" into "high"or "full" without changing meaning.This change ofconstituent is known as________. A ：addition B ：replacement C ：position­shifting D ：variation30. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example_________. A ：lewd → ignorant自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！B ：silly → foolishC ：last → pleasureD ：knave → boy二、Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(15%)1. 31.From the diachronic point of view,when the word was created,it was endowed with only one meaning .The firstmeaning is called .2. British dictionaries generally use to mark the pronunciation.3. 33.The antonyms "big" and "small" are .4. Websters New World Dictionary is a(n) dictionary.5. Prefixes are those affixes that are added to the head of words and they primarily change the meaning of the.6. 36. is a process by which a word denoting one thing changes to refer to a different but related thing.7. Linguistic context can be subdivided into lexical context and . 8. The order of meanings in CCELD indicates the of words.9. A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using whatremains instead.This is called .10. "From cradle to grave" is an example of . 三、Define the following terms.(15%) 1. creation2. back­formation3. radiation4. grammatical context5. desk dictionaries四、Answer the following questions.Your answers should be clear and short.Write your answers in the space given below.(20%)1. How do you account for the role of native words in English in relation to loan­words?2. How do you understand semantic motivation?3. What are the linguistic factors of meaning changes?4. How do you understand"the structure of an idiom is to a large extent unchangeable"?五、Analyze and comment on the following.Write your answers in the space given below.(20%) 1. Analyze and comment on the meanings of the following sentences and then find out the right antonyms for each "dull" respectively.［A ］The story in this book is dull.［B ］He became dull and silent when the class began. ［C ］I'm tired of such dull weather! (10 分) 2. The "pen" is mightier than the "sword".Explain what "pen" and "sword"mean respectively using the theory of motivation.自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！一、Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%) 1: 参考答案： C（P7）总体来讲，单词的标准包含以下几点：词是语言中最小的自由形式；是一个声音统一 体；是意义单位；是一个能在句子中起到独立作用的形式。

2020年8月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)试卷课程代码00015本试卷共8页。

满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。

必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。

第一部分:阅读判断(第l-l0题，每题l分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

BicycleCommutingI may notbe a movie star, best selling author, ormillionaire when I grow up，butone thing I will be known for，at least locally，is commuting by bicycle. I's sad to see how few people do eventhough many could Lots of people eagerly campaign for the reduction ofgreenhouse gases, but by driving cars，they're sillcontributing to the problem.You might be picturing me as an extremeenvironmentalist (环保主义者)，but I'm not oneof those teenagers who wear shirts that say "Help save the world:Recycle." Actually, my interest in exercise, health, and fitness led me tocycling.Cycling can help you lose weight, improve yourhealth, and prevent many diseases. Cycling also carries a relatively low chanceof injury.While being good for your body, bicyclecommuting is also a great way to cut greenhouse gases. Many environmentalistsrecycle， plant tees, and drive hybrid cars (混合动力汽车)，but bicycle commuting could be even more effective than all of thosecombined. You could cut down the amount of greenhouse gases just by commutingby bicycle a few times a week.Bicycle commuting saves money too. When youbuy your bicycle and the things that usually go with it. You might be shockedby the cost. But if you think about the increasinglyhigh gas prices, you willknow for sure that you can save a significant amount each year by not driving acar.You might think that you don't have time forbicycle commuting Actually. you probably do.You could cut back on your TV timeand pick up this activity, It helps you care for the environment, save money，andmost importantly get fit.1. I will write a best-selling book on cycling.( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven2. Many local people commute bybicycle. ( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven3. I am devoted to environmentalprotection. ( )A: True B: False C: Not Given4.I started cycling to improve myhealth. ( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven5. People are less likely to getinjured while cycling.( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven6. People drive to work forconvenience. ( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven7. Bicycle commuting could be moreeffective in reducing greenhouse gases. ( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven8. People are in a good mood whilecycling. ( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven9. Gas prices keep going up. ( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven10. Bikesare inexpensive to most people. ( )A: True B: False C: NotGiven第二部分:阅读选择(第11-15题，每题2分,共10分)阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、 C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（）A．meaning B．SoundC．combination of sounds D．Group2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（）A．more slowly than B．As quickly asC．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notionC．origin D．sound4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（）A．green revolution B．fast foodC．moon walk D．space shuttle5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need.（）A．form B．meaningC．look D．pronunciation6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（）A．four B．fellC．for D．autumn7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.（）A．/t/ B．/g/C．/p/ D．/k/英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．twoC．three D．four9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（）A．works B．prewarC．postwar D．bloody10．30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.（）A．compounding B．affixationC．conversion D．shortening11．The word “motel” is created by ______.（）A．compounding B．clippingC．blending D．suffixation12．“BBC” is formed in the way of ______.（）A．acronymy B．clippingC．back-formation D．prefixation13．The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT ______.（）A．grammatical meaning B．conceptual meaningC．associative meaning D．literal meaning14．By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（）A．onomatopoeic B．morphologicalC．semantic D．etymological15．______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（）A．Reference B．ConceptC．Sense D．Motivation16．Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of ______.（）A．word formation B．word meaningC．meaning change D．Sense relations英语词汇学试卷第 2 页共9 页17．When a word is first coined, it is always ______.（）A．semantic B．onomatopoeicC．monosemic D．polysemic18．The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT ______.（）A．ire/anger B．rich/wealthyC．forlorn/distressed D．bliss/happiness19．Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different ______ from what they have now in dictionaries.（）A．senses B．FormsC．dialects D．Terms20．The mode of ______ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（）A．extension B．elevationC．narrowing D．degradation21．In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the ______ sense of transfer.（）A．subjective B．objectiveC．sensational D．physical22．Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（）A．Elimination of ambiguity.B．Indication of referents.C．Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D．Provision of culture background for inferring word-meaning.23．The sentence “I lost Betty’s picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.（）A．grammatical context B．polysemyC．antonymy D．hyponymy24．In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou’Wester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “sou’wester” can be inferred from the clue of ______.（）英语词汇学试卷第 3 页共9 页A．relevant details B．synonymyC．antonymy D．hyponymy25．The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) ______ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（）A．alliteration B．metaphorC．metonymy D．rhyme26．Which of the following is NOT one of the types of idioms?（）A．Sentence idioms. B．Idioms adverbial in nature.C．Clausal idioms. D．Idioms nominal in nature.27．The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT ______.（）A．replacement B．additionC．shortening D．repetition28．Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover the following content EXCEPT ______.（）A．spelling B．syntactical usageC．pronunciation D．definition29．As a general Chinese-English dictionary, ______ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（）A．A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)B．Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese TranslationC．A New English-Chinese DictionaryD．Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation30．Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) ______ dictionary.（）A．unabridged B．deskC．specialized D．encyclopedicⅡ．Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms; 3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（ c ）31．She burst into passionate sobbing. A．juxtaposition（I ）32．He drops off to sleep, the lamb. B．notional word英语词汇学试卷第 4 页共9 页（g ）33．and C．transfer of sensations（h ）34．the man’s coat D．abstract to concrete（ a ）35．here and there E．derivational affix（ b ）36．moon F．alliteration（ f ）37．rough and ready G．functional word（ e ）38．ex-prisoner H．inflectional affix（j ）39．fair and square I．associated transfer（ d ）40．Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. J．rhymeⅢ．Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）41．When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ________ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.42．Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: ________, semantic change and borrowing.43．We might say that free morphemes are free root.44．The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called ________. 45．Semantic ________ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning ofa word．46．Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully ________ with regard to spelling and pronunciation.47．V ocabulary is the most ________ element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and content.48．Ambiguity often arises due to ________ and homonymy.49．Idioms consist of set ________ and short sentences.50．Monolingual dictionaries are written in ________ language.Ⅳ．Define the following terms.（10%）51．morpheme52．homonym53．connotation54．elevation55．idiom英语词汇学试卷第 5 页共9 页Ⅴ．Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）56．As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words?57．What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point. 58．Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example.Contrary terms are non-gradable and allow intermediate members in between.59．How do you account for the context function as indication of referents?Ⅵ．Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）60．Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font.—“You’re not eating your fish,” a waitress said to a customer. “Anything wrong with it?”—“Long time no sea.” the customer replied.61．Analyze the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the linguistic factors, based on the given words below.（1）gold, bulb;（2）deer, beast, animals;（3）fortuitous, fruition.英语词汇学试卷第 6 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第7 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第8 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第9 页共9 页。

2020年8月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)试卷课程代码00015本试卷共8页。

满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。

必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。

第二部分:阅读选择(第11-15题，每题2分,共10分)阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、 C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

Spilt (打翻的)MilkI recenlyheard a story about a famous scientist who had made several very importantmedical achievements. He was asked why he was so much more creative than theaverage person。

Heresponded that it all came from an experience when he was about two. He hadbeen trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost hisgrip (紧握) and it fell，spilling (打翻) the milk all over the floor。

When hismother came into the kitchen，instead of yelling at him, or punishinghim，she said,“Robert, what awonderful mess you have made! Well, the damage has already been done. Would youlike to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”Indeed, hedid，After a few minutes, his mothersaid,“Rober,whenever you make a mess like this, eventuallyyou have to clean it up. So， how would you like to do that?We could use a sponge ( 海绵) or a towel. Which do you prefer?" He chose the sponge andtogether they cleaned up the spilt milk.His motherthen said ,“You know， what we have here is a failed experiment inhow to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let' s go outin the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover away to carry it without dropping it" The little boy learned that if hegrasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands，he could carry it without dropping it.Thescientist remarked that it was then that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid tomake mi s takes. Instead, mistakes were. just opportunities for learningSomething new，which is, after all, what scientific experiments are a1labout. Even if the experiment" doesn’t work, ”we usually learn somethingvaluable from it.11. This story is about a scientist who_____________A. was extraordinary when he was youngB. became well-known after an interviewC. was smarter than the average personD. achieved great success in themedical field12. He got the milk spilt all over thekitchen floor because heA. dropped the bottleB. was naughtyC slipped and fellD. was weak13. After, seeing the spilt milk，hismother__________________A. shouted at himB. cleaned the floor herselfC. encouraged him to play in the milkD. forced him to clean the kitchen14. The mother and the son went out inthe back yardto__________A. fill the bottle with milkB. clean the bottleC. find a way to carry the bottleD. search for a new bottle15. According to the text，mistakes give us chancesto__________A. know the truthB. learn something newC. do some experimentsD. teach a child a lesson第三部分:概括段落大意和补全句子 (第16-25题，每题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务: (1)从第16-20题后所给的6个选项中为第1-5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2) 从第21-25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。