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Unit5Part One1.There are aways people who dream to make a fortune from gammbling,even though they know the chances are slim.总有一些人梦想着从赌博中发财，即使他们知道机会很渺茫。
2.The inventor Thomas Edison was regarded as a dull boy when he was young because he couldn′t work out easy mathematical calculations.当发明家托马斯·爱迪生小的时候，被视为是一个傻孩子，因为他连简单的数学运算都算不出来。
3.The police had chased after the robbery suspect for about two days before they finally caught him in a deserted warehouse.最后在被遗弃的库房抓住他之前，警察已经追踪他两天了。
4.The local newspaper has launched a campaign to raise money for the girl who has caught a rare disease.地方报社开展了一个为患有稀有疾病的女孩捐款活动。
5.As an expert in finance,he was very experienced in advising people where to invest their money.作为一个金融专家，他非常有经验地建议人们把钱投资到哪。
6.The town′s wildlife reserve has gained a reputation as one of the best lisure resorts in the country.镇上的野生动物保护区因为有一个最好的休闲度假村而赢得名誉。
全新版大学英语综合教程四unit1-unit8选词填空cloze答案Unit1When Hitler decided to launch his invasion(入侵，侵略) of Russia, he thought that nothing could stand in the way（阻碍）of his armies.Conquest（征服）, it seemed, was inevitable.He had surprise on his side, catching Stalin off his guard（把...从身上抓下来）by launching（发射，发动）his attack without a declaration（宣言，布告，公告，声明）of war.Hitler expected the campaign（运动，活动）to last only a few months.In the event, it was to drag on（将…拖上来，拖累）for much longer.Like Napoleon before him, he had made a fatal mistake in failing to reckon with（对付）the severity of the Russian weather.Many German soldiers were to die from the cold as winter set in, bringing the German advance to a halt.（使..停止，停顿）Unit2Hello. Welcome to your new car. I am your onboard computerized（用计算机做，使计算机化）driving system. Form the moment you start up（使..开始运转，启动）the car, I’ll be poised to（随时准备着）help you.it is my job to alert（提醒，警惕的）you to any hazards（危险）that may occur on the road. When you find the driving monotonous（单调）and want to relax, I can take control of（控制）the car and steer（驾驶）it in you place. I’ll guide you form one lane（车道，小路）to another and make sure you arrive at your destination safe and sound. if a car in front of you slows down suddenly, I’ll decrease（减少，减小）your speed. and I’ll calculate（计算）the data provided by the GPS system and choose the less busy routes so as to eliminate(排除)your worries of getting stuck in（陷入）a traffic jam. When you want to convert back form automatic control to manual control, that’s easy. Just press the right button mounted （安装在..）on the steering column. But do remember not to take any alcoholic drinks. If I detect（查明，发现）the presence of alcohol in the vapor（水汽）of your breath, I’ll stop the car whether you like it or not.Unit 3What is the best way to impress a prospective（预期的，未来的）employer when you go for a job interview? As i see it(在我看来) the best thing is to demonstrate that you have done your homework(做好你的功课)andknow all about the firm beforehand（事先，预先）。
Unit OneMan and NatureEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the followingsentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1) spark2) compelled3) bare 4)scrape5) destruction6) output 7)retreat 8)tipped 9)miracle10) eternal11) pile12) transfer13) mass14) thereby15) have emerged16) trigger 17)threaten18) consumed19) hollow2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1) show signs of2) cope with3) lives in fear of4) tough it out5) cut down6) from head to foot7) searched out8) nothing short of9) As yet 10) settlein 11) take heart▆Increasing Your Word Power3.You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Reflect on the4.differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary. ▆Answers:1) temptation2) attraction3) chance4) opportunity5) states 6)country 7)warned8) threatened / threatens9) refuse 10) reject 11)total 12) gross5. A blend is a word produced by combining parts of other words, such as “comsat”from“communications”and “satellite”. Try to find out what words the following blends are formed from.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:Blend Formation Meaning smogsmoke + fog 烟雾blog web + log 博客brunch breakfast + lunch 早午餐（早餐和午餐合为一餐）autocide automobile + suicide 撞车自杀chunnel channel + tunnel 海峡隧道motel motor + hotel 汽车旅馆netizen net + citizen 网民sci-fi science + fiction 科幻小说workaholic work + alcoholic 工作狂无线网络wi-fi wireless + fidelity6.Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C. ▆Answers:1) individual2)contradictory3)destructive4) rational 5)primitive6) synthetic7) distant8) pessimistic9) irreplaceable10) enormousGrammar in Context7.Study the following sentencesfrom Text B and point out the grammatical function of each of the present participles used as an adverbial. ▆Answers:1) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances2) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances3) an adverbial of result 4) an adverbial of result5) an adverbial of manner; accompanying circumstances6) an adverbial of result 7) an adverbial of timeplete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, usinagpresentparticiple as an adverbial.▆Answers:1) killing thousands upon thousands of people2) raising the average yield by 15 percent3) trying to deduce its operating principle4) Seeing that everyone was bending over his / her book5) Not having heard from his parents for a long time6) leaving the project unfinished7) Turning to the right8) Not wanting to make the patient nervousCloze▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:(1) realm(2) elemental(3) obtain(4) stubbornly(5) transferred(6)transformed(7) subdued(8) expansion(9)irreplaceable(10) extinct(11) dynamic(12) verge (13)moderate(14)ecological(15) rationalTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for Reference:1) The village is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2) In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.3) Seeing the project successfully completed, those who had invested so much time and energy in it felt very proud.4) Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.5) There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present traffic.6) The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.7) Alice had been confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.8) The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.9) Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago.10) Ask for help. Don ’t tough it out yourself. I learned this lesson early in my life.9. Translate the following passage into English. ▆Answers for reference:Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature directly, but indirectly their dependence grows.Human beings are connected with nature by “b lood”t ies. No one can live outside nature. However, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalance and the shortage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society from being further developed.Professor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.Theme-Related Writing▆Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic“M y Understanding of Environmental Protection .”Your writing should cover the following points:1) the relationship between man and the environment2) the urgency of environmental protection3) ways to protect the environment▆Sample essayMy Understanding of Environmental ProtectionMan and the environment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth.However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, m an’s transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protectour environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct.We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities,so as to preserve the environment for future generations.(167 words)...。
新世纪大学英语综合教程4完整+中文版课后习题答案Enhance your language awareness Unit1Words in action①1. monitor2. phenomenon3. isolation4. gradual5. opponent6. advent7. genetic8. consciously9. extreme10. nasty11. boom12. formal13. soar14. survey15. Similarly16. modify17. rough②1. show signs of2. called upon3. off limits4. in fear of5. slow down6. cut down7. from head to foot8. come by9. lost out10. As yet11. reside inIncreasing your word power①中国云科技 | 机密smog smoke + fog 烟雾Blog web + log 博客Brunch breakfast + lunch 早午餐（早餐和午餐合为一餐）Medicare medical + care 医疗保险；医疗保障motel motor + hotel汽车旅馆netizen net + citizen 网民sci-fi science + fiction 科幻小说workaholic work + alcoholic 工作狂②biologythe scientific study of the life and structure of plants and animals 生物学Anthropologythe scientific study of the human race, especially of its origins, development, customs and beliefs 人类学Archaeologythe study of the buried remains of the ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools, and weapons 考古学ecologythe study of the relations of plants, animals, and people to each other and to their surroundings生态学geologythe study of rocks, soils, etc. which make up the Earth, and of their changes during the history of the world地质学Ideology a set of ideas that an economic or political system is based on意识形态；思想体系Musicologythe study of the history and theory of music音乐学Psychologythe scientific study of the mind and how it influences behavior心理学sociologythe scientific study of the nature and development of society and social behavior 社会学Zoologythe scientific study of animals and their behaviour 动物学GRAMMAR REVIEW①1. She wished us health and success in the new year.中国云科技 | 机密2. He asked how we were getting along with our work.3. Jack said to me that I would be happy to know that his condition had improved.4. Rose asked Jack whether he was sure his mother would like the idea.5. He asked John how long he had been waiting for them.6. She said I needn't have done all that myself.②1. The strikers protested to the police that they had no right to arrest them.2. He promised that he would give us whatever assistance we needed.3. He agreed (that) that was the best solution to the problem.4. My sister admitted that it was she who had broken the glass.5. He declared that he meant what he said and would never go back on his word.6. The man insisted that we give an explanation of what had happened.7. Mrs. Jones complained that no one showed concern for the elderly in that country.8. The sales manager explained that he couldn't give us a definite answer because he had not received instructions from his company.CLOZE(1) realm(2) elemental(3) obtain(4) stubbornly(5) transferred(6) transformed(7) subdued(8) expansion中国云科技 | 机密(9) irreplaceable(10) extinct(11) dynamic(12) verge(13) moderate(14) ecological(15) rationalTRANSLATION1. The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2. In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.3. This company has evolved into one of the major chemical manufacturing bases in this region.4. Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.5. The government's call for suggestions about the control of water pollution produced very little response from the citizens.6. The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.7. At one time scientists thought that there was nothing smaller than an atom but now most people know that an atom consists of even smaller particles.8. The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.9. The department store lost out because loans were very hard to come by and it could not start business on time.10. We can't go there for a walk because there is a navy base there, which is off limits to tourists.中国云科技 | 机密Unit2Words in action①1. monitor2. phenomenon3. isolation4. gradual5. opponent6. advent7. genetic8. consciously9. extreme10. nasty11. boom12. formal13. soar14. survey15. Similarly16. modify17. rough②1. at the same time2. are stuck with3. for certain4. make no difference5. on average6. when it comes to7. depends on8. built into9. come to mind10. at workIncreasing your word power①1. technology中国云科技 | 机密2. luxurious3. eternity4. leisurely5. miracle6. subjective7. relevance8. prosperous9. analysis10. innovative②1. a multi-faith society2. a multi-lingual secretary3. a multimillionaire4. a multinational motor-manufacturing corporation5. a multifunction video camera6. a multi-ethnic community7. a multimedia dictionary8. multi-cultural education9. a multilateral trade negotiation10. multiform technological cooperation③1. j2. c3. b4. i5. a6. g7. d8. e9. f 10. h GRAMMAR REVIEW①1. My mother would be worried about me if she knew what my life was like.2. They would probably allow you to do the job if you were in better health.3. They wouldn't work with such enthusiasm if they didn't know what they were working for.4. I would have to look it up in the dictionary if I didn't know the meaning of the word.5. She would understand what we say if she knew Chinese.6. I would be quite satisfied if you spoke with greater accuracy.②1. If we knew where he was, we would try to get in touch with him.2. If it were not for the expense involved, we would go there by plane.3. If we were to miss the train, we would have to wait another four hours.4. If we pooled all our resources, we would have enough money to buy the中国云科技 | 机密equipment.5. If he didn't have a strong love for the handicapped children, he wouldn't be working so tirelessly for them.CLOZE(1) emphasize(2) opposite(3) improved(4) luxuries(5) benefited(6) obviously(7) consciously(8) fractures(9) eternal(10) groundbreaking(11) entitled(12) correlation(13) depends(14) exclusivelyTRANSLATION1. He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant.2. The latest survey shows / showed that the majority of the citizens support / supported the government's plan to build a new library.3. The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work.4. I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just won't come to mind for the moment.5. He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.6. Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is irrelevant to whether he can bea good lawyer or not.7. The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use.8. These workers earn more than we do, but the other side of the coin is that their job is more dangerous.9. Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major.10. What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not.中国云科技 | 机密Unit3Words in action①1) quest2) remained3) consume4) likewise5) vessel6) qualify7) stiff8) collapsed9) predict10) inevitably11) absorbed12) sheer13) refining14) paralyzed15) exchange②1. In a way2. act on3. to such an extent that4. opens up5. close off6. look intoIncreasing your word power①fax facsimileFridge refrigeratorAuto automobile中国云科技 | 机密Memo memorandumBurger hamburgerpoli-sci political sciencedemo demonstrationsub substitute; submarineflu influenzazoo zoological garden②King kingdom 王国；领域Father fatherhood 父亲的身份（或资格）adult adulthood 成年brother brotherhood 手足之情，同胞之爱free freedom 自由；自主duke dukedom 公爵的爵位ikely likelihood 可能性neighbor neighborhood 街坊，四邻；住宅区wise wisdom 智慧，才智woman womanhood 女子成年期；女子气质③1) positive2) certain3) less4) unknown5) complete6) infinite7) hopeless8) modern9) individual10) contradictoryGRAMMAR REVIEW①1. If they hadn't broken away from the out-of-date regulation, they wouldn't have made great advances in their work.2. If they hadn't taken proper care of her, she wouldn't have recovered so rapidly.3. The conference wouldn't have been so successful if we hadn't made adequate preparations.4. We would have had a hard time if we hadn't followed the right instructions.中国云科技 | 机密5. The flood would have caused great damage to our property if we hadn't built so many reservoirs.6. They would have succeeded in the experiment if they had followed the right procedure.②1. If English hadn’t become a language of international business after World War II, most developing countries wouldn’t have required students to study it at school.2. If William hadn’t invaded England in 1066, the English language wouldn’t have had many words of French origin.3. If modern English hadn’t developed from several different languages, the grammar and spelling rules wouldn’t have been so irregular.4. If England hadn’t been conquered by the Normans in 1066, French wouldn’t have become the main language of the ruling class at that time.CLOZE(1) topic(2) creates(3) really(4) grasp(5) sure(6) opposite(7) contradictory(8) reality(9) physical(10) rigidity(11) individual(12) humility(13) rainbow(14) falsehoodTRANSLATION1. Most people strongly believe that the court will no doubt punish the bank robbers severely.2. The medical workers overcame one difficulty after another in their long-term quest for a cure for the disease.3. Acting on the information they received, the police closed off the streets and caught the bank robbers.4. We were amazed at learning that the newly-built TV factory can produce 500,000 TV sets in the first year.5. The government is looking into the causes of so many layoffs and is trying to中国云科技 | 机密help the laid-off workers to be re-employed.6. To expand the sales of its product, the company has taken up various measures to open up new markets and to improve its services.7. He has neglected his studies to such an extent that I am afraid it is impossible for him to catch up with the other students in a month.8. The fireworks factory was closed last month for failing to comply with the government safety regulations.9. It remains to be seen whether our football team can beat its opponent.10. Mr. Smith predicted that the recent oil discoveries, together with the use / employment of new technologies, would lead to a decline in the price of crude oil. Unit4Words in action①1) mass2) gambled3) voluntary4) hunted5) classified6) abolished7) division8) senseless9) fashions10) coordination11) declarations12) spanned13) recommends / recommended14) moderately15) slightest②1) stands / stood a chance中国云科技 | 机密2) ruled out3) worthy of4) gone through5) in the strict sense6) At a guess7) earns a living8) coincide with9) gone in for10) got their teeth intoIncreasing your word power①planet planetary 行星的congratulation congratulatory 祝贺的contradiction contradictory 矛盾的，对立的custom customary 通常的，习惯的；惯例的document documentary 公文的，文件的explanation explanatory 解释的；说明的imagination imaginary 想象中的，虚构的introduction introductory 介绍的，导言的legend legendary 传说（中）的，传奇的migration migratory 迁徙的，移居的vision visionary 有远见的；不实际的1. imaginary2. congratulatory3. Migratory4. documentary5. legendary6. introductory7. contradictory8. explanatory②1. vocation2. posts3. trade4. job5. work6. profession7. career8. position中国云科技 | 机密③1. gardener2. lawyer3. electrician4. philosopher5. musician6. engineer7. surgeon8. cashier9. photographer10. biologistGRAMMAR REVIEW①1. I don't remember having borrowed / borrowing anything from you.2. She'll stay here for a couple of weeks before going on to New York.3. The prospect of Professor Smith's coming to visit us cheered us all.4. Jim, a man of strong character, naturally didn't give in.5. Arriving at the school gate, he found his classmates had already assembled. ②1. He was afraid of falling behind the others.2. We were all amused at Henry's running after the dog in his slippers.3. Have they informed you of the change in the plan?4. We're grateful to you for having given us so much help.5. We assured them of our willingness to cooperate with them.CLOZE(1) enjoy(2) physical(3) compelled(4) necessity(5) support(6) mental(7) idealize(8) status(9) values(10) classified(11) essential(12) mind中国云科技 | 机密(13) attitude(14) fortunateTRANSLATION1. As more and more details of her private life were disclosed by the media, she was compelled to resign her post as general manager (or: resign as general manager / resign from the post of general manager) of the company.2. She is very satisfied with her new job as it coincides with her interests.3. I bought this shirt because the price was reduced from 300 yuan to 80 yuan.4. To bring her children up, the mother really went through all kinds of hardships.5. The police have ruled out murder in the case of the old lady's death.6. The municipality (municipal government) promised to take effective steps as soon as possible to solve the problems of air pollution.7. I did not go in for the Campus Tennis Championships held last month because of my injured leg.8. If you can get the support of the majority of the girls, you stand a good chance of winning the election and becoming Chairman of the Students Union.9. Not all the books he wrote were as successful as this one so I recommend that you borrow it from the library and read it.10. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games Liu Xiang won the championship of the men's 110-meter hurdle and broke the world record, which had been previously held by an American athlete.Unit5Words in action①1) fortune2) dull3) chased4) launched5) finance中国云科技 | 机密6) reputation7) liberty8) publicity9) sufficiently10) sympathy11) target12) educate13) commerce14) alike15) bored16) audiences17) regard18) assure②1) thrown out2) and so on3) for dear life4) dedicate himself to5) was tired of6) turn away7) hang on8) for the sake ofIncreasing your word power①automationHousekeeperBabysittermass-productionbook-keepingself-destructiondry-cleaningwindow-shoppingeditorwordprocessor②1) reached / secured2) achieved / attained中国云科技 | 机密3) attained / reached4) reach / secure5) achieved / realized / fulfilled6) fulfill / meet / satisfy③1) dull2) competitive3) same4) momentary5) specific6) sufficient7) cruel8) humble9) famous10) reasonableGRAMMAR REVIEW①1) (real) subject2) object to the verb "make"3) predicate4) attribute modifying "opportunity"5) object complement6) adverbial of purpose7) adverbial of result8) predicative9) attribute modifying "person"10) independent element②1. To become a famous writer2. to take traveler's checks3. to employ a young engineer4. take the machine apart5. To understand the situation completely6. to rise higher in position中国云科技 | 机密7. to find that the train had left 10 minutes before8. to apply for a known job opening9. to make trouble10. To be more exactCLOZE(1) chase(2) reputation(3) dedicate(4) reward(5) sufficiently(6) measured(7) assure(8) Momentary(9) celebrity(10) target(11) frank(12) liberty(13) illusory(14) regardTRANSLATION1. He attempted to save the enterprise which was on the verge of collapse but failed.2. The president has announced that he will not seek re-election at the end of his first term.3. The young teacher is skilled at motivating his students to study hard.4. She loves giving parties and does so whenever she can find an excuse.5. I’m afraid that you’ll have to compete with at least fifty people for an administrative post in this company.6. To be frank, I don’t think you stand a good chance of getting promoted even if you are loyal to the company.7. It was obvious that his speech aroused the sympathy of the audience for the victims of the earthquake.8. Though he has repeatedly assured me of his ability to promote our company’s products, I’ll give him another interview before hiring him.9. The company’s investment ended in failure due to the wrong strategic decisions of the general manager and so the board of directors decided to throw him out.10. I know you are tired but try to hang on a little bit longer. We will reach the中国云科技 | 机密peak in half an hour.Unit6Words in action①1. commonplace2. enduring3. dim4. command5. imperfection6. intensive7. abandon8. finite9. mean10. weaving11. additional12. aspirations13. gratitude14. endless15. faithful16. committed②1. live on2. dawned upon3. live by4. is invested with5. hold fast to6. All too7. step aside8. set out9. to and fro中国云科技 | 机密10. work atIncreasing your word power①alternate alternativecompare comparativecreate creativedefense defensiveconstruct constructiveeffect effectiveexplode explosiveimpress impressiveinitiate initiativerelate relative1. take effective measures2. a new kind of explosive3. the only alternative4. defensive weapons5. an impressive speech6. a comparative study of Chinese and western cultures7. take the initiative to donate blood8. a creative musician9. a distant relative10. a constructive proposal②additional addpleasant pleasebeautiful beautifyprosperous prospercontradictory contradictradiant radiatedeaf deafenrelentless relentdifferent differrespectful respectintensive intensifysparkling sparkleminimal minimizewonderful wonderopposite oppose中国云科技 | 机密withered wither③provide care (for sb.); receive care; take care; take care ofgive sb. a chance; have a / the chance to do sth.; let a / the chance slip by; miss one's chance; stand a chance (of)show concern for; express concern about; voice one's concernagree to one's demand; give in to one's demand; give up a demand; make demands on; meet a demand; satisfy a demandaccumulate experiences; acquire an experience; gain experience; learn by experience; learn from experiencebe filled with fear; be seized with fear; express fear; live in fear (of); for fear of; for fear that (clause)accept a gift; exchange gifts with; get a gift; present sb. with a gift; receive a gift arouse hope; boost one's hope; bring / give hope to sb.; fulfill a / the hope; give up one's hope; lose hope; raise one's hopebuild up one's strength; develop one's strength; find (the) strength; gain (the) strength; gather (the) strength; save one's strengthcarry out a test; conduct a test; do a test; give a test; perform a test; put sb. through a test; run a test; take a testGRAMMAR REVIEW①1. to2. for3. for4. to5. in6. with7. between8. to9. of10. for11. of12. for②1. Emma is an expert in / on organic farming.2. There is a greater demand for cars these days.3. The computer has had a great impact on our modern life.4. Henry has a talent for making people laugh.中国云科技 | 机密5. Many people in this country are demanding a reduction in taxes.6. I really have confidence in my best friend, and I can turn to him for help when in an emergency.CLOZE(1) wither(2) sense(3) faithful(4) commit(5) aspirations(6) gratitude(7) dawns(8) accumulated(9) nourishment(10) preoccupied(11) flowers(12) tendered(13) weave(14) elevateTRANSLATION1. The ambassador to the U.N. was invested with full authority to deal with all the foreign affairs concerning his country on behalf of his government.2. All the way on the train I had been preoccupied with the result of the term examination until the conductor reminded me of the arrival of my destination.3. Although her husband's name did not appear on the list of the people who got killed in the traffic accident, she kept walking to and fro, anxious to see him back home sooner.4. I was setting out to translate the contract into English when it dawned upon me that both parties involved were Chinese companies.5. At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.6. With the great aspirations to become an astronaut, Jackson committed himself to the 2-year strenuous constitution training.7. His paintings, drawing on timeless fairy stories, exemplified the Europeans' taste of that period.8. The bus driver didn't want to take any responsibility for the accident and so he took every means to put the blame on the passengers on board.9. He not only risked his own life to save the old man from the burning house but made some room in his own house for him to settle down.10. From childhood, she tried to live by the teachings of her parents and gradually accumulated a set of standards of conduct.中国云科技 | 机密Unit7Words in action①1. furnish2. resolve3. maintaining4. discarded5. sanction6. raise7. strip8. bare9. bargain10. simplified11. trade12. downsize13. numerous14. fraction15. plain16. thereby17. rolling②1. keeps track of2. It turned out that3. strip down to4. take an interest in5. in return6. is all of a piece7. for good8. write out9. eat out10. look back11. cut out中国云科技 | 机密Increasing your word power①1. autobiography2. combine3. counterattack4. exclude5. extracurricular6. interact7. interrelate8. recycle9. refresh10. transform②North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code 初学者通用符号指令码Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织、欧佩克Radio Detecting and Ranging 雷达Test of English as a Foreign Language 托福（英语考试）International English Language Test System 雅思英语考试Public English Test System 全国公共英语等级考试International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织World Health Organization 世界卫生组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚洲太平洋经济合作组织③1. clarify his position2. unify the technical specifications3. signify the changes of the weather4. qualify (oneself) as a doctor5. purify the air6. identify the wounded7. justify one's behavior8. classify the documents9. satisfy customers' needs10. simplify the proceduresGRAMMAR REVIEW①中国云科技 | 机密1. Jack's bright clothes were not appropriate for the occasion of Mr. Johnson's funeral.2. It is our goal to make our products available to every part of the world.3. At first I thought it was my sister who was calling me, for the girl's voice was identical to my sister's.4. Such concepts as global warming and international terrorism were alien to me ten years ago.5. Although he makes over a million yuan a year, he is very stingy with his money and never makes any donations to charity.6. He was watchful for any signs of activity in the dark house.7. I really cannot understand why she is so hostile to me.8. This new material is indistinguishable from real silk.9. What he says is always inconsistent with what he does.10. He was preoccupied with reading and did not notice me entering the room.CLOZE(1) luxuries(2) frugal(3) trading(4) curtail(5) splendid(6) hobbies(7) impulse(8) bare(9) wasteful(10) deny(11) deprivation(12) maintain(13) resolve(14) consumptionTRANSLATION1. She is a very capable housewife but she likes to purchase things on impulse. Her kitchen cabinets are always full of clutter that will eventually be discarded.2. University students should have the resolve to live a frugal lifestyle and should not try to keep up with the Joneses or follow trends and fads. They should know that only when you mind the pennies will the dollars take care of themselves.3. The couple are high-ranking executives of big companies. They eat out at least five days a week due to the lack of time for home cooking.4. The two signatures appear all of a piece. Even experienced experts may find it中国云科技 | 机密difficult to identify any difference between them.5. The editor of the journal cut out all the pictures attached to the article because the length of the article was restricted to only two pages.6. As a member of the standing committee, he has been tackling unemployment and traffic problems during the past three years.7. The old man made a will before his death, giving away all his savings to our school as scholarships, a decision sanctioned by his children.8. The doctor assured his patient that if he took the medicine three times a day for three months without interruption, he would recover from the illness for good.9. Only when I looked back on my past experiences did I realize that my four-year period at university was the most care-free time in my life.10. If we want to excel others in technological innovation, we must keep track of all the new ideas and developments in the field of science and technology. Unit8Words in action①1. reflections2. hastened3. solitary4. mystery5. fancy6. expenses7. slender8. purchase9. admission10. subtle11. betrayed12. significance13. possession14. procession中国云科技 | 机密15. hints16. conceal②1. put off2. was down to her last3. at length4. all the way5. counted for6. under his breath7. ran riot8. spent itself9. beat back10. drinking in11. out of work12. on a full scholarship13. There's no wayIncreasing your word power①1. Her voice became sharpened as she became impatient.2. China is deepening her reform and opening to the outside world.3. The burglar was frightened off by the dog's barking.4. This course can broaden students' horizon.5. The days begin to shorten after the end of June.6. Life in the mountains hardened all the young people there.7. He told her the bad news very gently, trying to soften the blow.8. The doctor said that sunshine and rest would hasten his recovery from illness.9. Nothing can weaken our willpower.10. Passengers on the plane are asked to fasten their seat belts before it takes off. ②1. marriage2. growth3. storage4. depth5. truth6. youth7. passage8. length9. shortage中国云科技 | 机密。
新世纪⼤学英语综合教程4（第⼆版）-习题答案.doc 第⼀单元答案Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the followingsentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1) spark2) compelled3) bare4) scrape5) destruction6) output7) retreat8) tipped9) miracle10) eternal11) pile12) transfer13) mass14) thereby15) have emerged16) trigger17) threaten18) consumed19) hollow2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1) show signs of2) cope with3) lives in fear of6) from head to foot7) searched out8) nothing short of9) As yet10) settle in11) take heart▆Increasing Your Word Power1.You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Reflect on thedifferences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary.▆ Answers:1) temptation2) attraction3) chance4) opportunity5) states6) country7) warned8) threatened / threatens9) refuse10) reject11) total12) gross2. A blend is a word produced by combining parts of other words, such as “comsat”from“communications” and “satellite”. Try to find out what words the following blends are formed from.3.Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite inmeaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C.2) contradictory3) destructive4) rational5) primitive6) synthetic7) distant8) pessimistic9) irreplaceable10) enormousGrammar in Context1.Study the following sentences from Text B and point out the grammatical function of each of thepresent participles used as an adverbial.▆ Answers:1) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances2) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances3) an adverbial of result4) an adverbial of result5) an adverbial of manner; accompanying circumstances6) an adverbial of result7) an adverbial of time2. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using a present participle as an adverbial.▆ Answers:1) killing thousands upon thousands of people2) raising the average yield by 15 percent3) trying to deduce its operating principle4) Seeing that everyone was bending over his / her book5) Not having heard from his parents for a long time6) leaving the project unfinished7) Turning to the right8) Not wanting to make the patient nervousCloze▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.(2) elemental(3) obtain(4) stubbornly(5) transferred(6) transformed(7) subdued(8) expansion(9) irreplaceable(10) extinct(11) dynamic(12) verge(13) moderate(14) ecological(15) rationalTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for Reference:1) The village is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2) In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.3) Seeing the project successfully completed, those who had invested so much time and energy in it felt very proud.4) Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.5) There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present traffic.6) The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.7) Alice had been confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.8) The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.9) Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago.10) Ask for help. Don’t tough it out yourself. I learned this lesson early in my life.2. Translate the following passage into English.▆ Answers for reference:Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature directly, but indirectly their dependence grows.Human beings are connected with nature by “blood” ties. No one can live outside nature. However, the previous dynamicProfessor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.Theme-Related Writing▆ Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “My Understanding of Environmental Protection”. Your writing should cover the following points:1) the relationship between man and the environment2) the urgency of environmental protection3) ways to protect the environment▆Sample essayMy Understanding of Environmental ProtectionMan and the environment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth.However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, m an’s transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct.We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.(167 words)。
Unit1 1. The enormous oil spill on Araska‟s North Slope region in 1989 was a disaster for Alaskan sea animals. 于1989年在阿拉斯加北坡地区巨大的石油泄漏是阿拉斯加的海洋动物的灾难。
2. Due to the lack of labor force, even women in this village were compelled to work in the coal mines.由于缺乏劳动力甚至在这个村的妇女被迫在煤矿工作。
3. The travel agency promised to offer foreign travellers everything from historical monuments and castles to modern leisure activities. 旅行社承诺向外国游客提供一切从历史古迹和古堡，现代休闲活动。
4. According to the rules set by the company, anyone who is regularly late for work is likely to be disciplined or dismissed. 据该公司制定的规则，任何人是经常上班迟到，可能受到纪律处分或解聘。
5. People in that area are already threatened with environmental destruction since 60% of the forest there has been destroyed. 人们在这方面已经与环境破坏的威胁，因为有60％的森林已被破坏。
6. The auto company has seen a huge increase in the output of private can this year due to the improved working efficiency. 汽车公司已经看到了在私人的输出大幅增加，今年以来，由于提高了工作效率。
综合教程⼤学英语4课本译⽂及课后答案《⼤学英语4 》复习⾃整理2017年6⽉20⽇柏映⽻版权所有，请勿翻印第⼀单元MAN AND NATURE⼀．TEXTA（P4-7）课⽂翻译：⼈在⾃然界亚历⼭⼤?斯伯⾦1 ⼈类⽣活在⼤⾃然的王国⾥。
他们时刻被⼤⾃然所包围并与之相互影响。
⼈类呼吸的空⽓、喝下的⽔和摄⼊的⾷物，⽆⼀不令⼈类时刻感知到⼤⾃然的影响。
我们与⼤⾃然⾎⾁相连，离开⼤⾃然，我们将⽆法⽣存。
2 ⼈类不仅⽣活在⼤⾃然之中，同时也在改变着⼤⾃然。
⼈类把⾃然资源转变为各种⽂化、社会历史的财富。
⼈类降服并控制了电，迫使它为⼈类社会的利益服务。
⼈类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的⽓候环境下，也改变了他所⽣活环境的地貌和⽓候，并使动植物因之⽽发⽣转变。
3 随着社会的发展，⼈类对⼤⾃然的直接依赖越来越少，⽽间接的依赖却越来越多。
我们远古的祖先⽣活在⼤⾃然的威胁及破坏⼒的恐惧之中，他们常常连基本的⽣活物资都⽆法获取。
然⽽，尽管⼯具不甚完备，他们却能同⼼协⼒，顽强⼯作，并总是有所收获。
在与⼈类的相互作⽤中，⼤⾃然也发⽣了改变。
森林被破坏了，耕地⾯积增加了。
⼤⾃然及其威⼒被看成是和⼈类敌对的东西。
譬如，森林被认为是野性的和令⼈恐惧的，因此⼈类便想⽅设法使其⾯积缩⼩。
这⼀切都是打着“⽂明”的旗号进⾏的，所谓“⽂明”，就是指⼈类在那些地⽅建⽴了家园，那些地⽅的⼟地得以耕耘，那⾥的森林已被砍伐。
4 然⽽，随着岁⽉的流逝，⼈类越来越关注的是在何处以及如何得到⽣产所需的不可替代的⾃然资源的问题。
科学与⼈类改变⼤⾃然的实践活动已经使⼈类意识到了⼯业在改变地球的进程中对地质产⽣的重⼤影响。
5 ⽬前，⼈与⾃然以及⾃然与社会整体之间过去存在的动态平衡，已呈现崩溃的迹象。
⽣物圈中所谓可替代资源的问题变得极为严重。
⼈类和社会的需求，即便是像淡⽔⼀样的物质，也变得越来越难以满⾜。
清除⼯业废物的问题也变得⽇益复杂。
6 现代技术的特征是⽣产和使⽤⽇益丰富的⼈⼯合成产品。
Close1 Man has a blood tie with nature and nobody can live outside nature. Nature providesus with we need: the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat.For quite a long time after man began to live in the realm of nature, he lived in fear of its destructive forces. he used to regard nature with its elemental forces as something hostile to him. And even the forest was something wild and frightening to him. very often ,he was unable to obtain the merest daily necessities though he worked together with others stubbornly and collectively with his imperfect tools , through his interaction with nature , man changed it gradually . he cut down forest , cultivated land ,transferred various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions, changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed pants and animals. he subdued and disciplined electricity and compelled it to serve the interests of society.Nonetheless , with the consta expansion of agriculture and industry , man has robbed nature of too much of its irreplaceabl resources , poluted his own living environment and caused about 95% of the species that have existed over the past 600 million years to become extinct and still many others to be endangered . the previous dynamic balance between man and nature is on the verge of breaking down . man is now faced with the problem of how to stop , or at least to moderate the destructive effect of technology on nature .The crisis of the ecological situation has become a global problem . the solution to the problem depends on rational and wise organization both of production itself and care for mother nature . this can only be done by all humanity , rather than by individuals , enterprises or separate countries.2 Technology is a hot issue nowadays. the defenders of technology stress its advantages while the opponents emphasize its disadvantages. Neither side has ever taken the time to look at the opposite point of view.The defenders of technology hold that with technology peoples living conditions have been greatly improved. For example the boom in productivity has made goods better and cheaper. Therefore ，tings that were once luxuries，such as jet travel and long-distance phone calls have become necessities. Medical technology in particular has benefited us a lot ，especially in prolonging life expectancy.On the other hand，the opponents of technology argue that technology makes life obviously worse. Telemarketing traffic jams and identity theft are all phenomena that make people consciously unhappy. In addition many people believe technology disrupts relationships and fractures community.Ever since the Industrial Revolution the relationship between happiness and technology has been an eternal subject for social critics and philosophers, though economists and social scientists have seldom touched on the topic. However in 1974 the economist Richard Easterlin did groundbreaking work on the relationship between prosperity and well-being. In his famous paper entitled Does Economic Growth Improve the Human Lot Easterlin showed that there was no real correlation between a nations income level and its citizens happiness in the developed countries.In fact technology is neither good nor bad. It depends on what we want to do with it. Therefore the responsibility belongs exclusively to humans who have to acquire a social conscience to respect human beings nature and its balances.3 According to craig Russell , when we make an initial effort in our personal quests for knowledge , we may not even know that a certain fild of learning exists . but , after we have done some reading ,we will get to know more about the topic .at the same time ,we may feel that all the reading creates more questions rather than answers them . we then realize how little we really know and how much more we need to read and think and write . Russell suggests that we write after reading each time . his experience tells him that it is his writing that has led him to acquire a better grasp of the topic he studies . people may think that only those who know and who are (sure ) of themselves write . for Russell , however , it’s just the opposite,for writing doesn’t close things off ----it opens things up .To say that the m ore we know , the more we know we don’t know seems contradictory .according to Russell , modern physics tells us that reality itself is contradictory . the more closely scientists look into our physical reality , the more it slips away from . in a way , the more they learn , the less they know .Craig Russell believes that a proper understanding will inevitably lead us away from the force and rigidity of dogmatism and toward the flexibility and freedom of the individual. Therefore, we must temper our pride in knowing with the humility of not knowing. the truth always exists there ,but , it is like the rainbow because we can never really grasp it , never hold it in our hands and truly know it . we can only , as William james said , “live today by what truth we can get today and be ready to call it falsehood tomorrow.”4 Most people have work to do. With work, they can enjoy their lives. However people who did physical labor were looked down upon in the past. Many people were compelled to take manual labor because it was an absolute necessity for them to earn a living and to support their families. By contrast, people who did mental work were highly respected. Under the influence of this idea, even today some people still idealize their future when making choices for their career. What they care most about is whether the job can give them enough social status rather than whether they can realize their values in it. In their eyes, those who do manual labor should still be classified as inferior in social status.In fact, there is no essential difference between those who work with their hands and those who work with their mind. Whether a job is labor or work does not depend on the job itself but on people‘s attitude toward it. As long as you like your job, you will think you are fortunate enough to take it and you will do it enthusiastically.5 What dose success mean to you ? does it mean wealth , fame , power , or something else ? different people have different in life so they understand success in different ways . some people chase money their whole lives .to them, more money means more success . some people run after fame . With fame and reputation, they can gain the admiration and love of many others. However, some people dedicate themselves to the well-being of society.Doubtlessly, money is something that can be used as a reward to those who have done valuable work. Those who perform their work excellently should be paid sufficiently. But success cannot be measured in monetary terms, nor in terms of the amount of power one may exercise over others. After all, money and power can assure people neither of happiness nor of respect from others.Fame, too, is a flawed measure of success. Momentary fame can bring great joy to thosewho have it for a time. but they are very likely to become the slaves of their celebrity because of the public’s demands .in addition , they will easily become the target of everyone who disagrees with them and of the media as well .to be frank , if one is unable to fully enjoy life and liberty , the short-lived success is nothing but illusoryTherefore, to achieve the right kind of success is vitally important. as long as one can combines his own material needs and spiritual satisfaction with those of the well-beings of society , he should be held in high regard.6 . Truth is a fact accept as true, for which proof exists .Truth is a great principle , without which beauty may fade and love may wither. Those who uphold truth have a strong sense of responsibility. Those who hold firmly to truth are faithful to their duty and the people they serve .they commit themselves to the well-being of others. With aspirations to make a contribution to society, they are ready to correct their own mistakes , If any . it can be said that they are men of moral integrity who never ask for gratitude in return.Truth dawns upon us slowly but surely .in the long quest for truth, people have (accumulated)precious knowledge and experience. However, truth also needs nourishment just as plants need water, because many people are too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the great beauty of truth when it flowers or they frequently fail to appreciate truth when it is tendered.In short, truth is an invaluable asset to the whole of humanity. Stick to the truth and we will weave a timeless pattern, and earn the respect and esteem of others , elevate the world today above its present imperfections and place ourselves in the proud position of promoting the good of the humanity.7. we often hear people say，time is money .But today many Americans have come to realize that the crazy pursuit of money is leavings them too little timeto enjoy life .they are tired of working just for the luxuries of life and beginning to change their fast-paced lifestyles for a simple and frugal one ,hoping to keep family ,friends, work and play all of a piece .For some people, creating a more balanced life involves changing jobs o locations .For others, it means trading two incomes for one, in which case they must curtail expenses. So some have sold out their splendid homesick and moved into smaller houses. They have given up the extra cars, unnecessary modern conveniences, and expensive hobbies .They now do things by themselves to avoid paying for the services of others .They resist the temptation to purchase things on impulse and spend money only on bare necessities and things that do not make wasteful use of the earth's resources .However ,they do not deny themselves what they like or enjoy .The change in their lifestyle is not one involving deprivation ;it is just simplification .They believe that they can still live a happy and fulfilling life on less money .Indeed ,whether we maintain a healthy lifestyle or not does not depend on how wealthy we are but on whether we have the resolve and courage to discard our old consumption habits .8. The story of an Hour leaves us much to think about .In the story ,when Richardson ,who worked in the newspaper office ,learned that his friend Brently Mallard had been killed in a railroad disaster, he was greatly shocked .he only waited until he was assured by a second telegram and then hehastened to go to Josephine ,sister of Brently's wife ,and asked her to break the news as gently as possible to her sister because he knew MRS. Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble .He was afraid that if someone less tender brought the message to her ahead of him ,there might be dreadful consequences. People usually expect a wife to accept such sad news with a paralyzed inability ,but did not .At the news ,she wept at once ,with sudden ,wild abandonment in her sister's arms ,and then she went to her own room ,forbidding anyone else to go in.When she was alone ,she felt something subtle coming to her ,which gradually came to her mind ,beginning to possess her. Hard as she tried ,she couldn't get rid of the feeling .What was it ?She didn't know .However ,a clear and excited perception occupied her which made her regard her husband's death no longeron as something important ,because beyond that bitter moment she saw a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely ,during which her husband would not impose his will upon her any more .Just at that moment ,her husband came back ,travel-stained carrying his briefcase and umbrella .Seeing him ,she died of a sudden heart attack .。
《大学英语4 》复习自整理2017年6月20日柏映羽版权所有，请勿翻印第一单元MAN AND NATURE一．TEXTA（P4-7）课文翻译：人在自然界亚历山大•斯伯金1 人类生活在大自然的王国里。
他们时刻被大自然所包围并与之相互影响。
人类呼吸的空气、喝下的水和摄入的食物，无一不令人类时刻感知到大自然的影响。
我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。
2 人类不仅生活在大自然之中，同时也在改变着大自然。
人类把自然资源转变为各种文化、社会历史的财富。
人类降服并控制了电，迫使它为人类社会的利益服务。
人类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的气候环境下，也改变了他所生活环境的地貌和气候，并使动植物因之而发生转变。
3 随着社会的发展，人类对大自然的直接依赖越来越少，而间接的依赖却越来越多。
我们远古的祖先生活在大自然的威胁及破坏力的恐惧之中，他们常常连基本的生活物资都无法获取。
然而，尽管工具不甚完备，他们却能同心协力，顽强工作，并总是有所收获。
在与人类的相互作用中，大自然也发生了改变。
森林被破坏了，耕地面积增加了。
大自然及其威力被看成是和人类敌对的东西。
譬如，森林被认为是野性的和令人恐惧的，因此人类便想方设法使其面积缩小。
这一切都是打着“文明”的旗号进行的，所谓“文明”，就是指人类在那些地方建立了家园，那些地方的土地得以耕耘，那里的森林已被砍伐。
4 然而，随着岁月的流逝，人类越来越关注的是在何处以及如何得到生产所需的不可替代的自然资源的问题。
科学与人类改变大自然的实践活动已经使人类意识到了工业在改变地球的进程中对地质产生的重大影响。
5 目前，人与自然以及自然与社会整体之间过去存在的动态平衡，已呈现崩溃的迹象。
生物圈中所谓可替代资源的问题变得极为严重。
人类和社会的需求，即便是像淡水一样的物质，也变得越来越难以满足。
清除工业废物的问题也变得日益复杂。
6 现代技术的特征是生产和使用日益丰富的人工合成产品。
人们生产成千上万种人工合成材料。
U11.The enormous oil spill on Alaska's North Slope region in 1989 was a(n) _disaster_ forAlaskan sea animals.2.Due to the lack of labor force, even women in this village were _compelled_ to work in thecoal mines.3.The travel agency promised to offer foreign travellers everything from _historical_monuments and castles to modern leisure activities.4.According to the rules set by the company, anyone who is regularly late for work is likely tobe _disciplined_ or dismissed.5.People in that area are already threatened with environmental _destruction_ since 60% of theforest there has been destroyed.6.The auto company has seen a huge increase in the _output_ of private cars this year due to theimproved working efficiency.7.Under the severe attack from enemy aircraft, the troops were forced to _retreat_ from thefront.8.The tennis match was _abandoned_ at half-time because of the harsh weather conditions.9.The policemen searched the building thoroughly but did not find any _trace_ of the criminal.10.Survival of the Fittest is a(n) _eternal_ truth of nature.11.A series of new policies have been introduced in the region in the hope of attracting foreign_investment_ .12.The military government refused to _transfer_ power to a democratically elected civiliangovernment.13.Many people tend to _justify_ the breakdown of their marriage on the grounds of conflict ofpersonalities.14.The substance in the new medicine is believed to be safe, _nonetheless_ , the Food and DrugAdministration is going to examine it all the same.15.It has been a long tradition for businesses in this area to make _contributions_ to the localcharities.16.In order to achieve a higher GDP, the government has taken various measures to _accelerate_the rate of economic growth.17.Deforesting and global warming _threaten_ to ruin the current and future state of ourenvironment.1.Shortly after the government's new policy was put into effect, the economy of our countrybegan to _show signs of_ recovery.2.The citizens have _called upon_ the local authorities to minimize environmental destructionby banning the use of all poisonous chemicals immediately.3.It is known to all that military bases are _off limits_ to outsiders.4.She never participated in any violent sports games _in fear of_ getting injured.5.It seems that all of us are rushing around trying to get things done in a hurry – we all need to_slow down_ and take it easy.6.Many trees in this area have been _cut down_ to make room for buildings, which hasworsened our living environment.7.In order to avoid possible infection by the unknown viruses, the researchers are protected_from head to foot_ with caps, face masks and white gowns.8.The latest news becomes so easy to _come by_ thanks to the advanced network technology.9.In the end we _lost out_ to a French company in the bidding because they could do the jobcheaper.10._As yet_ we haven't felt the need for any extra hands, but it's only a matter of time.11.The vast majority of the local people there _reside in_ rural villages and survive on less thanone dollar a day.U21.Patients who had been given the new drug were asked to _monitor_ their progress and reportto the doctor down to the smallest detail.2.Private space travel is a relatively new _phenomenon_. It's difficult at the moment to assess itseffects.3.All of us need to build up relationships with others unless we choose to live in complete_isolation_ from the outside world.4.Since sending her child to the kindergarten, she has been delighted to see a(n) _gradual_change in the boy's character; he seems less self-centered now.5.As an active environmentalist (环境保护主义者), Davis has earned a reputation as anoutspoken _opponent_ of any kind of nuclear waste dumping at sea.6.Quills (羽毛笔) were the chief writing tool from the 6th century until the _advent_ of steelpens in the mid 19th century.7.Do you think it will ever be possible to alter human _genetic_ code in order to produce the"perfect" human being?8.I don't think she's _consciously_ rude to you –she has just lost her new car and feels badabout it.9.His political views are rather _extreme_; I hate to discuss anything with him.10.The cheap perfume you see on special offer in petrol stations often smells _nasty_ after acouple of hours.11.The consumer _boom_ of the 1980s led to an explosion of shopping centre development inbig cities around the country.12.You shouldn't use "Yours faithfully" – it's too _formal_ for this kind of personal letter.13.Temperatures will _soar_ into 38°C over the weekend due to the heat wave, says the weatherforecaster.14.According to a(n) _survey_ among 1000 residents, garbage collection service in the city is farfrom satisfactory.15.The cost of food and clothing has come down in recent years. _Similarly_, fuel prices havefallen quite considerably.16.The technicians are working hard to _modify_ the design of the new car to make it morecompetitive in the overseas market.17.In my childhood memories, we were living a(n) _rough_ but happy life, with no luxuries tospeak of.1.The two runners reached the finish line almost _at the same time_; who came in first wasindistinguishable to the naked eye.2.As a result of the recent financial collapse, many people _are stuck with_ worthlessinvestments.3.The survey suggests that many college students don't know _for certain_ what kind of job issuitable for them.4.You can ask him again if you like, but it would _make no difference_ – he will still say no toyou.5.The doctor explained that _on average_ people who don't smoke are healthier than those whodo.6.I'm familiar with the operating system installed on the computer, but _when it comes to_repairing the machine I don't know a thing.7.Whether or not we go to Europe for our holiday _depends on_ whether we can save enoughmoney to cover the cost.8.The new staff insisted that opportunities for promotion should be _built into_ the workcontract.9.As they are discussing influential modern artists, three names immediately _come to mind_.10.After the first course of treatment, the doctors were relieved to see the new medication _atwork_.U41.Nearly 6 million people in the mid-western area were affected by the flood, and there is a realdanger of _mass_ starvation.2.It's incredible that when he _gambled_, he always won, whether he was playing a card gameor betting on horse racing.3.The council is trying to get more people to do _voluntary_ work and render social services inthe less developed regions.4.Elephants are dying out because they are being _hunted_ for the tusks (象牙).5.Wines can be _classified_ as dry, medium or sweet according to their sugar content.6.Slavery was _abolished_ in Canada in 1833, and the Canadian authorities then encouragedslaves from America to settle down on their land.7.Some of the developing countries seem to be stuck with a tough situation –the _division_between the rich and the poor has never been so clear and sharp.8.The mass media commented that the young man's suicide was nothing but a _senseless_ wasteof his life.9.The younger generation should not just seek for the latest _fashions_; they should havelong-term commitment and try to live a worthy life.10.There's absolutely no _coordination_ between the different work teams – we don't know whatothers are doing.11.As witnesses to the accident, we were asked to make written _declarations_ of what we hadseen.12.Although he pursued a life-time career as a lawyer, his talents and achievements _spanned_ awide range of subjects in the arts as well as in sciences.13.The local government _recommends_ that the police and the inhabitants join hands to fightagainst crimes in the neighborhood.14.It seems as if every American boy between the ages of 8 and 15 likes to play video games, butsuch games are only _moderately_ popular among girls of the same age group.15.He was a really considerate friend – always available to help at the _slightest_ hint of trouble.1.In view of her outstanding academic achievements and other qualities, she _stood a chance_of being admitted to one of the world's best universities.2.His recent mismanagement of the company has _ruled out_ the possibility of gettingpromoted to the top management.3.He pointed out something _worthy of_ our attention in his report, that is, the so-callededucational toys and games in our elementary schools are not really educational in the real sense of the word.4.It's good to see Tom looking so happy now after all the sufferings he has _gone through_ inthe last few years.5.When he competed at Stockholm Olympics, Jim Thorpe was not an amateur player _in thestrict sense_ because he had been paid a few dollars to play semiprofessionals before.6._At a guess_, I'd say that there were at least 1400 people on board when the ship sank in theRed Sea.7.The traditional practice that the father _earns a living_ for the family and the mother stays athome is out of date as more and more women have joined the workforce.8.Even if her suggestion does not _coincide with_ what you have in mind, I would advise you toaccept it.9.The tennis player had _gone in for_ all the major tennis events before she defeated heropponents and won the championship.10.They appreciate each other because they are both the sort of people who just can't let go oncethey have _got their teeth into_ something.U61.It used to be rare to see people sleeping on the streets of London, but these days it's becomingincreasingly _commonplace_.2.Those psychologists believe that one's childhood experiences will have a(n) _enduring_influence on his or her future work and personality.3.As the music started, the lights in the theatre began to _dim_.4.As a fresh graduate, Jim seems to have the ambition to _command_ everything in the world.5.Her colleagues were afraid to work with her, because she won't tolerate any _imperfection_ inher own or anyone else's work.6.The girl remains in serious but stable condition in the _intensive_ care unit in the hospital.7.At the last ring of the bell, all the people at the party joined in with _abandon_ , shoutingjoyfully and merrily, to welcome the arrival of the New Year.8.We should devote our _finite_ life to the infinite cause of serving the people.9.I never thought he was capable of doing such a(n) _mean_ thing to his brother –that wastotally disgusting!10.It seems to me that this novelist delights in _weaving_ elaborate and complicated plots in hisworks.11.Our car broke down, so we had to rent a car, which was a(n) _additional_ financial burden onmy family.12.Jim had high _aspirations_ to open a law firm even before he graduated from the law school.13.She felt a deep sense of _gratitude_ to the teacher who had financed her through collegeeducation.14.His friends deserted him since they were fed up with his _endless_ complaining about hisfamily, colleagues, work, and everything.15.He has remained _faithful_ to the President's administration when so many others havespoken out against it.16.The president of the university promised that once he had _committed_ to this course ofaction, he would try his best to have it fulfilled.1.He was so badly injured in the accident that the doctors don't expect him to _live on_.2.Jack was about to pay for the shopping when it suddenly _dawned upon_ him that he’d leftthe cheque book at home.3.No matter what hardships I may encounter in my life, I will always try to _live by_ what Ibelieve in.4.In his poems everyday reality _is invested with_ a sense of wonder and delight.5.The elderly generally prefer to _hold fast to_ their traditional life style rather than adaptthemselves to changes.6._All too_ often it's the parents who get blamed for their children's inappropriate behavior.7.He was forced to _step aside_ from his post due to his delayed response to the disaster.8.After winning the national championship, he _set out_ to break the world record for the1500-meter race..9.You can look for work at home by logging on to our website, so that you can avoid the troubleto travel _to and fro_.10.If you want to achieve certain goals in your trade, you have to _work at_ it with all your heartand soul.U71.I don't think it necessary to _furnish_ our apartment a second time since we will sell it soon.2.He made a firm _resolve_ to give up smoking and drinking as soon as he discovered that hehad a heart trouble.3.To reduce the risks of railway accidents, we spend over ten million yuan on _maintaining_ therailway lines every year.4.My parents lived a frugal lifestyle all their lives. For one thing, they never _discarded_anything that was still of use; for another, they never purchased things on impulse.5.The government has refused to _sanction_ a further cut in the rate of corporate tax.6.As Linda is a career woman and her husband works abroad, they cannot _raise_ their newbornson all by themselves and have to employ a babysitter on a fixed term of five years.7.My apartment was badly furnished because the workers did not _strip_ the original paint offthe walls before they started painting.8.When we learned that the local college had only the _bare_ essentials in terms of equipment,we decided to donate a million yuan so that they could improve their teaching facilities.9.The Jones purchased a second-hand car for $1200; it was a real _bargain_, but I wonder howlong it will last.10.It is always good to read some English novels in your spare time. If you cannot understand theoriginal, you may read the _simplified_ versions which are also available in the local bookstore.11.Sam said to the girl, "I will _trade_ you some of my chocolate for some of your ice cream."12.Since you've decided to simplify your life and have moved into a smaller house, you are goingto have to make an effort to _downsize_ your furniture and belongings.13.Representatives from the two nations had worked together on _numerous_ occasions beforethe peace treaty was signed to end the border conflicts.14.When the factory closed, the machinery was sold off for only a _fraction_ of its true value.15.At the press conference the new president made it _plain_ that he would do his utmost tobuild "a government of the people, by the people, for the people" as advocated by Lincoln. 16.Diets that are high in saturated fat tend to block our arteries (动脉), _thereby_ reducing theblood flow to our hearts and brains.17.The children are busy _rolling_, folding, and cutting paper in a handcrafting competition.1.My sister is very economical and saving money seems to come naturally to her; she always_keeps track of_ all the money she spends.2.My parents failed to show up at the commencement (毕业典礼); _It turned out that_ theirflight was delayed for 8 hours.3.Eric was a very shy boy, so much so that he even refused to _strip down to_ his underwear forhis medical examination.4.John began to _take an interest in_ politics when he was at secondary school; no wonder hebecame a Congressman at the age of 35.5.They are going to let us use their laboratory, and _in return_ we must let them share theresults of the research.6.His action _is all of a piece_ with what he has been saying he will do for the past few months;he is a man of his word.7.I thought my mother-in-law had come just for a visit, but it turned out that she would staywith us _for good_.8.The winner was asked to _write out_ numerous forms before he could get the award.9.The young couple often _eat out_ , for neither of them is interested in home cooking.10.After so many twists and turns in his life, he learned never to _look back_ with regret.11.The doctor advised that he _cut out_ smoking or give it up completely for the sake of hishealth.。
