高考英语阅读理解判断文章出处专项

考点分类练(六)推理判断题——文章出处类A(2022广东汕头高三一模)When Zhu Caiping,73,was diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment three years ago,she found that anxiety,depression and even looking down on herself became normal in her life.It was not until last year,after she participated in a reality show and became a restaurant server,that her situation began to improve dramatically.The restaurant in Shanghai where she works is the Forget Me Not Cafe.It shares the goal of providing job opportunities for elderly people who have Alzheimer’s disease or other cognitive impairments.“I provide basic services for guests,such as pouring water,serving and taking orders.I can now remember all the dishes on the menu,” said Zhu,who has come to the restaurant three times a week since February and works three hours a day.“The colleagues take good care of us.They never allow us to deliver hot dishes such as soups.The guests are also very tolerant of us,because sometimes we make mistakes.”Because of memory loss,Zhu writes down all the information she wants to remember on sticky notes,such as the names of the volunteers and teachers as well as English words.“People with cognitive impairment actually refuse and fear to communicate with society but this will worsen their condition,” she added.“With the weakening of brain function,they may gradually lose memory and the ability to take care of themselves and might even see the loss of emotions.” In addition to the job opportunities for the elderly,information about cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease is posted on a board outside the restaurant to help people recognize symptoms and seek treatment as soon as possible.As China faces an aging population,the increasing number of seniors with cognitive impairment has become a significant social issue.“We should feel lucky that the whole society is concerned about the seniors,especially for people like us.The neighborhood committee always checks on our situation and watches for other elderly people with symptoms,” Zhu said.1.What can we know about Zhu Caiping?A.She always made mistakes at work.B.She made efforts to be equal to the job.C.She was a full-time restaurant server in a Shanghai café.D.She was one of those suffering from severe cognitive impairment.2.How might people with cognitive impairment feel?A.Forgetful and upset.B.Anxious but lucky.C.Tolerant and careful.D.Indifferent but energetic.3.Why is information about cognitive impairment posted outside the restaurant?A.To provide treatment for the sick.B.To seek approval from the citizens.C.To offer the elderly job opportunities.D.To equip people with relevant knowledge.4.In which section of a newspaper the passage most likely be found?A.Health.B.Society.C.Culture.D.Business.B(2022广东广州高三调研测试)If you have trouble falling asleep,listen up.You might fall asleep 15 minutes earlier and wake up far less during the night if you put on a pair of socks at bedtime.To understand why,you first need to grasp the relationship between core body temperature and sleep.During daylight hours,the human body has an average temperature of 37℃.But your core body temperature drops as much as 1.2℃ over one night’s sleep.This gradual decrease is a key part of how we sleep.Put simply,the faster you can lower your core body temperature,the faster you will fall asleep.One way that your body controls its temperature is through blood vessels(血管) in the skin.If your body is too hot,your blood vessels widen,pushing the warmer blood nearer the skin’s surface,helping it to cool.If your body is too cold,the opposite happens.Your blood vessels narrow,restricting the flow of blood to the surface.The palms of your feet are one of your body’s most efficient heat exchangers,since they are hairless and less protected than other skin surfaces.Researchers have shown that warming the feet before going to sleep using a warm foot bath or by wearing socks promotes blood vessel widening,which in turn lowers the body’s core temperature faster than going to sleep with cold,bare feet.Scientists suspect that socked feet have a sleep-benefiting effect on the brain as well.The warm-sensitive neurons(神经元) in the brain become more active when there’s a temperature difference between the body’s core and the feet.Researchers have found that these neurons become more active as we get sleepy and slow down as we wake up,so that warming up the feet before bedtime may give them an extra drive,making you feel sleepier.In a small study,researchers found that wearing a pair of special “sleeping socks” not only sped up the coming of sleep,but increased overall sleep time by an average of 30 minutes and cut nighttime waking episodes in half.If you’re worried about becoming too warm,look for socks made of natural fibers.5.In which section of a newspaper can we find this text?A.Advertisement.B.Lifestyle.C.Opinion.D.Trend.6.What change does warm feet bring to the body?A.Slowed brain reaction.B.Narrowed blood vessels.C.Reduced core body temperature.D.Decreased blood pressure.7.How might the brain’s warm-sensitive neurons help sleep?A.They might help to warm up the feet.B.They might speed up temperature growth.C.They might slow down the brain’s blood flow.D.They might bring on sleepiness when activated.8.What is the finding of the small study mentioned in the last paragraph?A.The warmth of socks depends on their material.B.People wearing socks fall asleep 50 percent faster.C.Special socks increase temperature more effectively.D.Sock wearing helps people sleep longer and wake less.C(2022江淮十校高三第三次联考)By being able to wait for better food,cuttlefish showed self-control that’s linked to the higher intelligence.It was part of an experiment by Alex Schnell from the University of Cambridge and colleagues.“What surprised me most was the level of self-control shown by cuttlefish,” she tells Weekend Edition.The experiment was essentially a take on the classic “marshmallow(棉花软糖)” experiment from the 1960s.In that experiment,young children were presented with one marshmallow and told that if they can resist eating it for several minutes,they will get two marshmallows.But if they eat it,that’s all theyget.The children who are able to delay satisfaction do better on tests and are more successful later in life.To adapt the experiment for cuttlefish,the researchers first figured out the cuttlefish’s favorite food:live grass shrimp;and their second-favorite food:a piece of king prawn.Instead of choosing one or two marshmallows,the cuttlefish had to choose either their favorite food or second-favorite food.Each of the food items was placed in a clear box within their tank.One box would open immediately,while the other box would only open after a delay.It essentially tested whether they could resist the temptation(诱惑) of their second preference food and wait for their preferred food.The cuttlefish learned to wait.“Animals like rats and pigeons find it difficult to resist temptation,only waiting for several seconds,” Schnell says,“while animals such as chimpanzees and parrots show more advanced self-control and wait up to several minutes.And the cuttlefish in our study waited up to between 50 to 130 seconds.”Animals that are able to exercise self-control in this way have advantages.For example,animals can hide food to eat later.In cuttlefish,Schnell thinks the delayed satisfaction relates to theirlifestyle.“Individuals who wait for better-quality prey could find food more efficiently and limit their exposure to predators(捕食者),”Schnell writes.9.Why does the writer mention the experiment conducted in the 1960s?A.To highlight the intelligence of humans.B.To offer statistics to the experiment for cuttlefish.C.To show the differences between humans and animals.D.To provide supporting background information for the following experiment.10.What can we learn about the experiment for cuttlefish from the passage?A.The box with cuttlefish’s favorite food wouldn’t open instantly.B.The cuttlefish had to choose between the food they liked and disliked.C.Cuttlefish could not wait to eat their favourite food immediately.D.The food was put at the same place for cuttlefish to choose from.11.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Cuttlefish is probably born with the ability to resist temptation.B.It is a disadvantage for animals to exercise too much self-control.C.Cuttlefish may be less intelligent than Chimpanzees.D.We must take immediate measures to protect cuttlefish.12.Where can we most probably read this text?A.In a personal diary.B.In a travel magazine.C.In a science report.D.In a geography textbook.考点分类练(六)推理判断题——文章出处类【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。

专题2 阅读理解专题之----文章出处及文体类型题【设问形式】判断文章出处及文体类型题常见设问形式：1）The passage is most likely to be taken from______.2）Where would this passage most probably appear?3）The passage is most likely a part of______.4）Where does this text probably come from?5）What type of writing is this text?【考查方式】高考阅读理解文章出处的考查旨在考查学生对一篇文章的内容的理解及对各种文章出处的特点和常识，对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。

几乎所有话题都有可能涉及文章出处、文章类别的的阅读题目。

解答文章出处和文体类型题主要从文章的体裁和题材内容来作出判断。

考生需要在理解文章的基础上去了解各种出处的特点，以便结合文章的内容、关键词作出准确的判断。

首先注意常见的出处类型的特点：如①新闻报道(newspaper)的首段通常为导语，包括人物、时间、地点或事件等；②科普类杂志(science magazine)或科普类说明文常会出现scientists have found; the research/study shows that...等表明实验结果的句子；杂志的文章更为丰富，话题更具体，语言比较轻松活泼；③广告(advertisement)的用词和格式特殊，很好辨认，广告可能会谈到某产品的特色、价格等，会透露出鼓励读者去了解和购买的信息。

④产品说明，器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会有服用时间、次数、用量等。

⑤研究报告(report),语言严肃认真，文章往往保护具体的数据或事实依据，实际情况等。

⑥课本教材(textbook),会使用教化性的语言，说理讲解味较为浓厚，对阅读对象的指向性很明确。

专题2 阅读理解专题之----文章出处及文体类型题【设问形式】判断文章出处及文体类型题常见设问形式：1）The passage is most likely to be taken from______.2）Where would this passage most probably appear?3）The passage is most likely a part of______.4）Where does this text probably come from?5）What type of writing is this text?【考查方式】高考阅读理解文章出处的考查旨在考查学生对一篇文章的内容的理解及对各种文章出处的特点和常识，对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。

几乎所有话题都有可能涉及文章出处、文章类别的的阅读题目。

解答文章出处和文体类型题主要从文章的体裁和题材内容来作出判断。

考生需要在理解文章的基础上去了解各种出处的特点，以便结合文章的内容、关键词作出准确的判断。

首先注意常见的出处类型的特点：如①新闻报道(newspaper)的首段通常为导语，包括人物、时间、地点或事件等；②科普类杂志(science magazine)或科普类说明文常会出现scientists have found; the research/study shows that...等表明实验结果的句子；杂志的文章更为丰富，话题更具体，语言比较轻松活泼；③广告(advertisement)的用词和格式特殊，很好辨认，广告可能会谈到某产品的特色、价格等，会透露出鼓励读者去了解和购买的信息。

④产品说明，器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会有服用时间、次数、用量等。

⑤研究报告(report),语言严肃认真，文章往往保护具体的数据或事实依据，实际情况等。

⑥课本教材(textbook),会使用教化性的语言，说理讲解味较为浓厚，对阅读对象的指向性很明确。

考点分类练(六) 推理判断题——文章出处类Passage1(2022安徽宣城二模)Have you ever found picking out the face of a friend in a group photo is sometimes hard,especially when everyone crowds together?In the same way,it can also be hard to read a passage of text when the letters are too close together.In fact,a new study shows that spacing the letters farther apart can help anyone readfaster,and possibly understand more.Dyslexia is a common reading disorder.Crowded text was especially difficult for people with dyslexia to read.So researchers wanted to see if increasing the spacing between letters would help.Steven Stagg,a scientist,studies how people think and learn.His team recruited 59 students between 11 and 15 years old,thirty-two of whom had dyslexia.While the researchers recorded them,each student read two passages out loud.One passage was in its original format.In the other,there was an increase of 2.5 points in the spacing between the letters.The recording allowed the scientists to measure their reading speed and count any mistakes,such as skipped words.People with dyslexia often employ aids to help them read,such as coloredoverlays(覆盖物).This time they are offered by the researchers.Those colored overlays didn’t help either group of kids.But the extra spacing did.Kids with dyslexia read the wider-spaced text 13 percent faster than the text with original spacing.These kids also made fewer mistakes.Students without dyslexia read faster,too,although only by 5 percent.This is very good news.It means teachers and publishers can print material with extra spacing between letters.Readers with dyslexia won’t feel singled out by havingto use special aids for reading.An organization called Readability Matters is working on these issues.The group is trying to get tech companies to make changes that should make reading easier.Stagg says,“Some methods have shown mixed results,but letter spacing seems to be the one thing that everyone is finding works.”1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To make the article interesting.B.To present a common problem.C.To lead to the topic of the article.D.To provide a new solution.2.What do you know about people with dyslexia?A.They may understand everything while reading wider-spaced text.B.They may read faster than normal kids while reading wider-spaced text.C.They may free from dyslexia after increasing letter spacing.D.They may feel singled out while using colored overlays for reading.3.In which column of a newspaper can we probably find this passage?A.Science study.B.Campus life.C.Star stories.D.Business.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Readers Try to Improve Reading SpeedB.You Just Need More SpaceC.Colored Overlays Are Helpful AidsD.Dyslexia Affects Reading SpeedPassage2(2022广西桂林梧州一模)The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years,the latest report by the World Meteorological(气象)Organization(WMO)said on September 1st.However,thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management,the number of death from these hazards(危险)has been almost three times less.According to the WMO,from 1970 to 2019,weather,climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters.Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts,storms,floods and extreme temperatures.However,deaths fell from over 50,000 in the 1970s to less than 20,000 in the 2010s.“Weather,climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,” says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.“That means more heatwaves,drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America.We have more water vapor in the atmosphere,which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding.The warming of the ocean has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms.”“Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases.But behind the statistics lies a message of hope.Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths.Quite simply,we are better than ever before at saving lives,” Taalas said.5.What do we know from the first paragraph?A.Disasters connected with weather have gone up.B.The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.C.The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.D.Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.6.What will happen according to Petteri Taalas?A.There will be more extreme weather.B.Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.C.Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.D.Human will conquer extreme weather in the end.7.What is hopeful behind the bad news?A.Improved warning systems will save economic losses.B.Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.C.More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.D.Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather.8.Where may the text be taken from?A.A novel.B.A brochure.C.A guideline.D.A magazine.Passage3(2022广西南宁二模)In order to get rid of goldenrod from the city,the government of Wuhan is encouraging residents to report any findings of the plant,which is classified as a harmful alien species.Goldenrod is one of the most successful and widespread alien plant species.It is often referred to as “the flower of the devil”,as it spreads extremely fast and causes other plants to die.Besides Hubei province,the plant has also been found expanding in other provinces such as Jiangxi and Zhejiang.Although local authorities have tried to get rid of the plant,it is proving to be a difficult task.Goldenrod represents just one of the alienspecies that are aggressive towards the country’s native species.Statistics showthat by 2020,nearly 800 kinds of alien species had invaded the country,among which 638 species have invaded the country’s agricultural and forestry ecosystems,causing direct economic losses of about 200 billion yuan($31.36 billion).At the United Nations Biodiversity Conference held in Kunming,Yunnan province,the invasion of alien species was the subject of discussions,as it was regarded as one of the two most important factors leading to the loss of biodiversity,the other being human-caused ecological damage.China passed its Biosecurity Law on April 15,2021,which provides the legal basis for preventing the invasion of alien species and protecting biodiversity in the country.The relevant departments also strictly carry out port inspections and quarantines so as to keep harmful organisms out of the country,and they strengthen early warning and monitoring systems so as to address the invasion as early as possible.However,while government departments are making every effort to prevent and control the situation,the participation of the people should not be ignored.It is also necessary,as Wuhan is doing,to encourage people to pay attention to invasive species and actively play a role in keeping them at bay.Preventing any invasion by an alien species and protecting biodiversity should not just be the government departments fighting alone,but also a people’s war.9.What can we learn about goldenrod from the text?A.It originates in Wuhan.B.It does harm to people’s health.C.It is a great threat to the surrounding plants.D.It causes an economic loss of about $31.36 billion.10.What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A.China’s efforts to stop the invasion of alien species.B.Relevant departments’ warning of goldenrod.C.The legal basis to protect biodiversity.D.The importance of port inspections and quarantines.11.What do the underlined words “keeping them at bay” in the last paragraph mean?A.Keeping the invasive species out of the country.B.Building some barriers for the species.C.Preventing the flowers from growing fast.D.Keeping the alien species safe at the port.12.In which section of a newspaper can this text be found?A.Business.B.Culture.C.Environment.D.Opinion.考点分类练(六) 推理判断题——文章出处类Passage1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

四、文章出处或读者对象题(2019·全国Ⅲ，D)Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0－25 drops of water or juice as a reward.The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.Here’s how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone，who led the team，described the experiment：In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens.On one part of the screen，a symbol would appear，and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown.For example，the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8.If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle，they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests，the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time，indicating that they were performing a calculation，not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely，they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing，for example，a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6.The underestimation was systematic：When adding two numbers，the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two，and then added only a fraction(小部分) of the smaller number to it.“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains，”Dr Livingstone says.“But in this experiment what they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。

高考英语阅读理解推理判断题答题技巧从历年高考试题可以看出，推理判断题是英语阅读理解的常考题型之一，同时也是考生们失分较多的题。

这类题型考查对文章中隐含或深层的含义的理解能力，要求考生根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断。

下面让我们一起看看如何突破此类题型吧！【推理判断题的类型】1. 文章出处、来源以及读者对象推断对于这类题型考生可以从文章的格式以及内容出发，例如：（1）报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称。

新闻的事实性、严肃性较强，文章风格严谨、客观，就某一事实评论时通常不会出现对某一观点很大的倾向性。

（2）广告：广告的格式特殊，容易辨认。

产品广告通常包括对物品的介绍、推广、价格等，招聘广告会包括对招聘人员的要求及职位描述。

（3）产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等。

（3）网站：通过文中online（在线）、web（网络）、website（网址）、click（点击）等字眼可轻松判断出文章源于网络。

因此，考生在平时的学习中需要留意不同文体的结构和语言特征，以便考试时能迅速识别正确答案。

【考例】（2022年新高考I卷，A篇）21. Where is this text probably taken from?A. A textbook.B. An exam paper.C. A course plan.D. An academic article.解析：根据文章标题Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature“文学导论课程评分规则”以及Essays (60%)下的“the grade for this course (本课程的成绩)”和Group Assignments (30%)下的“...Blackboard, our online learning and course management system (...Blackboard，在线学习和课程管理系统)”可推知，本文是对一个文学导论课程评分规则的详细介绍，应该是选自课程方案。

高三英语阅读理解文章出处题单选题30题1. The text mainly focuses on the history and development of a certain technology. It provides detailed explanations and examples. Where is this text most likely from?A. A science magazineB. A novelC. A travel guideD. A fashion blog答案：A。

解析：这篇文本主要关注某一技术的历史和发展，并提供了详细的解释和例子，具有科学性和专业性，最可能出自科学杂志。

选项B 小说主要是虚构的故事；选项C 旅游指南侧重于旅游相关的信息；选项D 时尚博客主要关于时尚方面的内容。

2. The passage tells a personal story about the author's childhood experiences and emotions. Where could this article be found?A. A news reportB. An autobiographyC. A history textbookD. A business magazine答案：B。

解析：这篇文章讲述了作者童年的个人经历和情感，自传通常会包含这样的内容。

选项A 新闻报道侧重于时事新闻；选项 C 历史教科书主要是关于历史知识的阐述；选项 D 商业杂志关注商业领域的内容。

3. The article presents various arguments and counterarguments on a controversial social issue. Where is it probably from?A. A fairy taleB. An academic journalC. A children's picture bookD. A cooking recipe答案：B。

英语阅读理解推理判断之文章出处或读者对象题July is a beloved month for many people because it is when XXX and sweet jewels come from the fields of British Columbia and are packed with XXX。

Among the common berries。

XXX。

raspberries contain a little more protein。

iron。

and zinc due to their XXX are knownfor their high level of xidants。

The yellow and orange stone fruits。

such as peaches。

are rich in carotenoids。

XXX。

Cherries。

although us。

XXX。

Overall。

XXX.From which is the text probably taken?”，“What type of textis this?”，以及“Who is the intended audience of the text?”等。

这类题目考查考生对文章的整体把握和对文章类型、目的的理解。

二、选项分析A．XXX 本选项错误，文章并未涉及生物学相关的内容。

B．A health magazine。

本选项正确，文章介绍了水果的营养价值和制作方法，属于健康杂志的范畴。

XXX 本选项错误，文章没有呈现任何研究结果或数据分析。

D．XXX brochure。

本选项错误，文章与旅游无关。

三、答案B．A health magazine.This passage would probably be found in a travel guide。

It provides n about a specific n and things to do there。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校专题限时集训(七) 阅读理解推理判断之文章出处、读者对象A(2019·兰州市诊断考试)A new chapter opened in mankind's exploration of the moon on Thursday morning as the first probe(航天探测器) to land on the moon's far side reached its destination after a 26­day journey. The Chang'e 4 lunar probe，representing China's latest step in lunar investigation，landed at 10：26 am at the Von Kármán crater and then sent back three photos of the landing site shot by cameras on the probe's lander(着陆器)，marking the world's first images taken on the surface of the far side.One of the photos，published by the China National Space Administration，shows the place where Chang'e 4's rover，which was named Yutu 2 on Thursday night，will be heading to explore and survey. Thus began the first long journey to the side of the moon that faces away from the Earth.It is meant to fulfill scientists' long­held desire to closely observe the lesser known region.Tidal(潮汐的) forces on Earth slow the moon's rotation to the point that the same side always faces Earth.The other side，most of which is never visible from Earth，is the far side of the moon.While it has been photographed by spacecraft，starting with a Soviet probe in 1959，no probe had ever made a soft landing there，so scientists had not been able to conduct surface­level observations and surveys of the region.Wu Weiren，chief designer of China's lunar program，said in Beijing on Thursday that the landing“was perfect”．He called the event“an important milestone for China's space exploration”，adding that it has made a good start for future lunar exploration efforts.With its investigation of the far side，particularly the Von Kármán crater，the Chang'e 4 mission will enable scientists to find out what they haven't known about the moon and deepen their knowledge of its early history and of the solar system.【语篇解读】嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，同时也为人类了解月球的背面提供了信息。